{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/fx73t9dk48/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["David P. Boder Interviews Jacob Schwarzfitter, August 31, 1946, Tradate, Italy"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/039/original/IIT_Logo_stack_186_blk.png?1583422043","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1946-08-31"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":[" German (Primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Wire recording"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":[" schwarzfitterJ_9-93_9-94 (Local)"," schwarzfitterJ_9-93_9-94_SLP.mp3 (Digital Object ID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":[" Tradate (Italy) (Place of recording)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":[" Interview with Jacob Schwarzfitter conducted by David P. Boder on August 31, 1946 in Tradate, Italy.   (Abstract)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":[" World War, 1939-1945--Refugees (Topical)"," Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Personal narratives (Topical)"," World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, Jewish (Topical)"," Olkusz (Poland) (Geographic)"," Kutno (Poland) (Geographic)"," Sosnowiec (Concentration camp) (Person Or Corporate Body)"," Magdeburg Brabag (Concentration camp) (Person Or Corporate Body)"," Blechhammer (Concentration camp) (Person Or Corporate Body)"," Nordhausen (Concentration camp) (Person Or Corporate Body)"," Ellrich (Concentration camp) (Person Or Corporate Body)"," Bergen-Belsen (Concentration camp) (Person Or Corporate Body)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":[" Schwarzfitter, Jacob (Interviewee)"," Boder, David P. (David Pablo), 1886-1961 (Interviewer)"," Boder, David P. (David Pablo), 1886-1961 (Translator)"," English, Eben (Editor)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["oral history"," interview"]}},{"label":{"en":["Inerviewee Nationality"]},"value":{"en":["Unknown"]}},{"label":{"en":["Interviewee Gender"]},"value":{"en":["Male"]}}],"summary":{"en":[" Interview with Jacob Schwarzfitter conducted by David P. Boder on August 31, 1946 in Tradate, Italy.  "]},"provider":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Illinois Institute of Technology"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Illinois Institute of Technology"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/039/original/IIT_Logo_stack_186_blk.png?1583422043","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/073/134/small/IMGP8810.JPG?1583169927","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - schwarzfitterJ_9-93_9-94_SLP.mp3"]},"duration":4297.67325,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/073/134/small/IMGP8810.JPG?1583169927","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iit.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/073/134/original/schwarzfitterJ_9-93_9-94_SLP.mp3?1583169927","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":4297.67325,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English translation [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] Italy, August the 31st, Tradate, a Displaced Person’s community about 30 or 35 kilometers from...from Milano. It is a group of men, women and children which are here and being trained for eventual trip to Palestine. I have before me now a Mr. Jacob Schwarzfitter,and the interview begins with this gentleman.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=0.0,38.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In German] Now then Mr. Schwarzfitter, would you tell us again...would you tell us again, what is your name...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=38.0,45.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=45.0,45.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And how old are you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=45.0,47.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . how old?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=47.0,48.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=48.0,49.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e [In Yiddish] My name is Jacob Schwarzfitter, born in Olkusz [name not clear] the 29th of January 1916.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=49.0,57.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So how old are you now? You are now...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=57.0,59.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . thirty years and eight months.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=59.0,62.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e You are thirty years old...Now Mr. Schwarzfitter will you please tell me where you were, where did you live, when the war started, and what happened to you since then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=62.0,75.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e When the war started I was a Polish soldier. My active military service I spent on the battlefield. The 19th of September that is when the war was in its 19th day, I fell prisoner to the Germans. From there I was taken with many thousands of prisoners to Germany. From there I was taken with many thousand prisoners of war to Kutno, and they held us in a small building, five thousand prisoners of war crowded in. Without water, without the least sanitary requirements. Bread we got—hundred fifty gram [about 5 oz.] a day. We were given a bit of bran, and without water, without salt. That was the treatment [the fair]. [Footnote 1: He endeavors to speak German, or possibly his Yiddish has become altered due to prolonged contact with Germans. This leads often to an inappropriate choice of words. —D.P.B.]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=75.0,124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Were there Polish soldiers also with you, Christian soldiers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=124.0,127.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There were with me together also Christian soldiers. From there we were delivered to Germany.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=127.0,137.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now what happened then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=137.0,139.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e In Germany after six weeks as war prisoners we got for the first time some water to wash up a bit. The conditions were very bad. Soon they started to separate the Jews. We were eight Jews in one c mpany among thirty thousand military prisoners. I was [sentence not clear]—Polish Stalag A, at Altengrube, at Magdeburg. There we vegetated for a hard six months.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=139.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What does it mean—vegetated?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=180.0,182.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Vegetated means we led a hard, bitter life. After six months, not according to our desire, but on the desire of the Wehrmacht, all Jews which belonged to the regions occupied by Germany had to be returned. And we were shipped home. En route—we were “discharged” in Lublin. There they took off literally everything from all the military prisoners. The boots which I had because I belonged to the artillery were pulled off my feet. The overcoat, the coat, nothing was left but the pants and underpants, so they left me stand. Without a shirt. Winter. That was the second of March, 1940. There the custody was taken over by the Wehrmacht, SS, which was assembled from among the youth of Polish hoodlums and skum. There were youths of sixteen, seventeen years [of age], who did not know how to load the arms, but they knew how to shoot. And many were in that way murdered by them. There the conditions were exceptionally bad. Each day appeared like a year. After spending eight days in this lager, I arrived home. At home I still found everybody alive. But every Jew was already wearing the all-known Jew-star. There were already streets on which Jews were not permitted to walk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=182.0,303.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What was the name of your [little] town, where you had come.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=303.0,306.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e I had come to my [little] town Olkusz. That’s my place of birth. There I remained until the evacuation [depopulation] of the town. Before speaking about the depopulation, I shall narrate, report one incident. On the 31st of July 1940, there took place a punitive expedition against my town. On an early morning at four o’clock, at daybreak, on a Wednesday, the whole town was aroused from sleep and put on its feet. And all men without distinction, Jews, from sixteen to fifty years of age, were taken out to various squares. They were taken out by the Gestapo. A few thousand Gestapo.man arrived, in a town which had a population of only about fifteen thousand, and they started punitive expedition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=306.0,363.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why was there a punitive expedition?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=363.0,365.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The punitive expedition took place because sixty dilometers from the city were murdered by bandits two gendarmes. But they felt it useful to make of it a political incident. And it was ordered to make responsible for it the peaceful [civilian] population. We were led out at daybreak, with our hands up, they jabbed us with bayonets and we were compelled to run. When we arrived at the square, we had to pass a cordon. On both sides stood SS men, with [metal] rods, belts, rubber truncheons, clubs, [?] and they beat us. Every one had to go through. People went through the cordon, and emerged covered with blood.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=365.0,415.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Women too?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=415.0,416.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e No women. Women were not taken, that time, only men. Then afterwards each had to show his fingerprint. After giving his fingerprint [it is possible that they had to surrender their identification cards which bore a single fingerprint] each one was tripped from the front over a leg a thrown down to the ground. We were made to lie on the stomach, the face deeply pressed to the earth, with the hands on the back. So we remained lying until twelve o’clock. And the SS men were passing back and fro, and when it pleased him he trampeled [the person]. I personally was hit several times with the boot on the head. At twelve o’clock they came...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=416.0,456.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Twelve o’clock noon?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=456.0,457.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Twelve o’clock noon, after lying for eight hours we were ordered to get up. Everyone was pale and black. Wo all looked like dead men. So there spoke to us a gestapo man in the Polish language, while another explained [interpreted]. That we are being treated most humanely, because they are still able to prove who is against God and against humanity. I and those others present, could of course, not understand that people could be treated still, worse, but that we have learned in the future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=457.0,500.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=500.0,502.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Afterwards he explained to us the reason for the event. It was because two gendarmes were murdered. Among those present was a Polish ‘prister’ [the word was not clear, and caused a question].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=502.0,519.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e ‘Prister’ is what, a policeman?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=519.0,520.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e No ‘Prister’ is a priest, a clergyman.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=520.0,524.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, a [in German] ‘priester’?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=524.0,524.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. He explained among other things, that those here present are not criminals, that they are simply peaceful citizens. For that he was murderously beaten...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=524.0,536.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Who, the priest?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=536.0,537.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The priest, because he dared to say such a thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=537.0,541.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=541.0,542.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And after...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=542.0,543.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And the SS were Germans?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=543.0,544.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The SS were Germans, and also many Folk-Germans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=544.0,551.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. What do you call...What do you mean by Folk-Germans?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=551.0,553.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Folk-Germans, that means Poles who later had declared, saying that their forefathers, their grandmothers had something in common with German blood [ancestry].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=553.0,564.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes...Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=564.0,567.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Afterwards by two o’clock there came the moment when they ordered all the people to disperse. I want still to make one remark. When they came into our house, we had a scroll of the Torah [holy scroll].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=567.0,583.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=583.0,584.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And the SS man came and ordered to open the Torah, and then he asked us whether we still believe in God. So I asked him, why should one not believe? So he said, that at a time when so much evil is done to you, and nothing happens to us, so where is your God? So I involuntarily exclaimed—something will still happen to you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=584.0,606.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What did he say?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=606.0,607.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e He said, why doesn’t anything happen to us [to the Germans]. So I said it will still come to happen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=607.0,611.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=611.0,612.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e But he still left me alone. [It also could mean: he still left it—the Torah—with me]. That was on the thirty-first of July nineteen...1941 [corrects himself]: forty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=612.0,621.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Thirty-first of July?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=621.0,622.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Thirty-first of July, 1940...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=622.0,624.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e The war had started...in ’39. Oh, the war was already in...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=624.0,629.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, in ‘40th year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=629.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Now then...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=630.0,632.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Afterwards took place the removal of the ‘town’ to ‘out of town’, all Jews...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=632.0,638.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e The whole town—or only the Jews?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=638.0,639.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, the whole town, the Jews [only] of course.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=639.0,642.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e The Jews...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=642.0,642.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e No, the Jews were removed ‘out of town’. And they erected posters on both sides of the city, at the border [city limits], saying that the Jew who should dare to trespass without permission of the local authorities, will be sent to a concentration camp. And about the concentration camps we knew from hearsay, because the famous KZ Auschwitz was from us at a distance of about forty kilometers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=642.0,674.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh..., now tell me, you were taken ‘out of town’...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=674.0,679.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=679.0,680.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What were there? Houses?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=680.0,681.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, there were houses. They took the Polish population—out of the villages and into the town.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=681.0,688.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=688.0,688.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And many...the better dwellings they requisitioned for the German population. [Here a few words, are not clearly spoken, apparently away from the microphone]. There we remained from the 15th—9th—1941, until the 11th of June, 1942. Then occurred the complete liquidation of the town. They arrived also at day-break, they woke us all and took us out, young and old. Nobody was spared. We were taken to a big center, where it stood written without any subtleness—’exterminatory action’.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=688.0,738.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=738.0,739.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Exterminatory action.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=739.0,740.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And there they took you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=740.0,741.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. That means, that there they were to proceed with the action of the extermination of the Jews.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=741.0,746.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=746.0,746.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We were not exterminated there and then, but it happened...they selected the better, stronger individuals. I had he great fortune to be picked as a slave for the Third Reich.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=746.0,758.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=758.0,761.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And so then we departed, hundred and seventy-six people from...from this town, men, who...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=761.0,769.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And the others?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=769.0,770.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And the rest—fifty-four persons more went to the nearby city Bedzin, and the rest journeyed the road which was the end for millions of Jews. They were sent away from there to Auschwitz. I had...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=770.0,787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Bedzin, that is near Sosnowiec.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=787.0,789.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=789.0,790.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=790.0,790.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There still existed the Jewish Kehila [parish] [community council]. Our town was then merged with the Kehila [parish] of [name not clear] which belonged to our town, which is about thirteen kilometers from my town. And so was annihilated, one of the oldest Jewish Kehilas [parishes] in Poland. From there I was transferred to a lager, a transit lager, Dulag [abbreviation for Durchgangslager] which it was called in Sosnowiec. From Sosnowiec I was transferred on the 17th of June, 1942 to Blechhammer. There were the UHW works, that means Upper-Silessian Hydraulic Works. There worked up to sixty thousand foreign workers, among them three thousand Jews.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=790.0,842.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Who were the other foreign workers?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=842.0,844.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The other foreign workers were Frenchmen, Italians, Bulgarians, Rumanians, all nationalities. And Russians, Ukrainians, Poles, Czechs. There was a real tower of Babylon. [The words were not clear, hence the question].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=844.0,858.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What does that mean?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=858.0,859.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Babylon—that means a mixture of languages.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=859.0,861.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, Babylon, a Babylon...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=861.0,863.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e A Babylonian...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=863.0,864.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, go on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=864.0,866.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There I was going...walking to work, eight kilometers to work, and eight kilometers back from work. The work lasted ten hours. The work lasted ten hours. The work went on under a speed-up. They were driving [us] with clubs; with sticks we were hurried at work. There we got to eat four hundred grams of bread, twenty grams margarine, and a bit...a liter of soup, which was spinach, what they called it. Spinach leafs which were covered [?] with sand.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=866.0,904.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What was the name of the lager?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=904.0,906.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The lager was called Blechhammer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=906.0,909.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh. And the Works were...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=909.0,911.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The Works were Upper-Silesian Hydraulic Works, they belonged to the government.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=911.0,915.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=915.0,915.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There were also the Herman Goehring Works.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=915.0,918.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=918.0,921.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e From there, after spending there seven weeks, I went over to a second lager. It was called [name not clear—Laue...] and the conditions were still worse. That was in Upper Silesia. In Polish Upper Silesia. There we were under very hard conditions. Very bad food. Ordinarily [?] we were getting only two hundred grams of bread, and twenty grams butter and half a liter of soup.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=921.0,949.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e The butter was naturally...What...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=949.0,951.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e No, that was margarine butter, in a concentration camp there was no talk about real butter. That time it was not yet a concentration camp, it was a lager for compulsory labor. There at work I had an accident. I was hurt by a rusty bolt, that is a wheel with rusty teeth hurt my leg, and I got blood poisoning. In spite of that I was compelled...I suffered for six weeks. And my comrades took me to work [leading me] under my arms. And to work I had to go. If not, there was a place, and one was sent away to the famous lager Kozel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=951.0,989.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=989.0,990.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Kozel too is in Upper Silesia, German Upper Silesia. There too, many transports were burned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=990.0,998.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In Kozel...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=998.0,999.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Kozel...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=999.0,999.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e That is not in Auschwitz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=999.0,1000.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e No, Kozel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1000.0,1001.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1001.0,1002.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There were many lagers besides the famous lagers, which, so to speak were smaller.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1002.0,1007.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1007.0,1007.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e But they did not lag behind in their horrors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1007.0,1011.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, what did they have there? Crematories, or...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1011.0,1013.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, a crematory...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1013.0,1015.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1015.0,1015.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Burned...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1015.0,1016.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What? Were they first...or what?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1016.0,1019.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e First they were gassed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1019.0,1020.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Word not clear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1020.0,1021.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e ‘Everything’ was gassed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1021.0,1022.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes...Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1022.0,1023.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e From there, from that lager, I was transferred again to a second lager, [two words, not clear] being that I had a brother in Boguslav...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1023.0,1029.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now you did not tell me anything...how large was your family?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1029.0,1034.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e My family...at that time, we were five people. And besides, I myself had a wife and a child. And...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1034.0,1043.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How old are you now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1043.0,1044.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Thirty years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1044.0,1046.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1046.0,1046.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And I have lost the wife with the child. The child was nine months old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1046.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1050.0,1051.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e I have lost them during the action in my town.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1051.0,1053.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh. Already, at the action in your town.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1053.0,1054.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, at the action in our town. My wife also was supposed to go ‘across’ as I have told you, about the town, when some of us went over to Bedzin, but in the last moment, when I was already in the transit lager in Dulag...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1054.0,1067.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1067.0,1067.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e She was fetched for the action of annihilation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1067.0,1073.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Pause] Nu...[Pause]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1073.0,1075.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Being there, I got to know I had still a brother who was in the lager, block [?] twelve in the lager...Then my family—was lost...the whole family, except the parents and the brother and sister—who remained alive. The rest of the family, that is, I had two grandfathers, a grandmother, uncles, aunts, [?] cousins [males], cousins [females]—everything was annihilated in the process of the action.[Footnote 2: The sentence sounds most incoherent—a common situation when a KZ-victim is made to talk about his family. —D.P.B.] The parents—I subsequently went to a lager—I wanted to get over to the lager of Boguslav. Instead of Boguslav I was taken to a lager Vidal [? the word is not clear]. This was an extraordinary hard lager. Hard with the food. For food we were getting three hundred grams of bread, a liter of Canj [?] that is pumpkin soup...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1075.0,1128.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1128.0,1128.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Thin pumpkin soup, and we had to work very hard. He who could not work, could not satisfy the demands, which the masters [foreman] had demanded, was clubbed to death by the guards.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1128.0,1145.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And who were the guards?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1145.0,1146.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The guards were police guards. Those were SA men. Then we were yet...we were then in a camp of compulsory labor, not yet in a KZ.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1146.0,1156.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...Not yet in a concentration camp...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1156.0,1158.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. That means it was not yet a concentration camp. The first lager to which we came was a compulsory labor camp, for Jews, especially. We went under guard to work, we were under guard at work, and under guard when we returned from work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1158.0,1171.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And there were no Jewish block elders?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1171.0,1174.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e These were there too. The Jewish block elders were of various kinds. One was a good one, and one was better. We also often...frequently would give away the cigarettes which we were getting, as a bribe [??]. Some of us still had hidden money from home, which was most strictly prohibited, so we purchased additional cigarettes, so that we could buy off the guards, so that they should not so harden our years [mistreat us] at work. In that lager if one could not work, he was given “fifty” [blows] with an oxtail [?], on the naked body. And in the winter he had to strip naked in the greatest frost, jump into a barrel of cold water, and he was gushed in the face from a hose. Most of them died by tomorrow or the next few days.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1174.0,1226.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now let us clear that up. Those who were beaten were compelled to jump in cold water...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1226.0,1231.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1231.0,1231.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . or these were different punishments.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1231.0,1233.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e No, no, no. The same who was beaten, was showered, was given a shower. And there, the lager leader was taking great pride...he said he was from Auschwitz and he took great pleasure [??] in it. For instance, in the winter we had to make fire in the oven, but so that, God forbid, it be warm [in the block].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1233.0,1253.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e You did not have to make fire...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1253.0,1254.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. We had to make fire, but it should not be warm. That was impossibility. And in this manner entire rooms, and afterwards blocks, were taken out and publicly whipped. In this lager...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1254.0,1265.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now what did they want? The oven should be fired...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1265.0,1267.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, and the oven should not get heated. That was only done in order to torment us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1267.0,1274.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1274.0,1274.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And in this manner...day after day they would take people and beat them. And then [word not clear] there were unfortunately such people who fell in disfavor to the great gentlemen, and they beat them constantly. So we agreed among us that we shall go with a proposal, that daily ten men will report for beatings to sooth their bestial instincts, and to request, that in a lager of seven hundred people, that on every seventieth days each one would be beaten, and not to beat day in and day out the same people, with the result that they were being beaten to death. Of course, he rejected the proposal. From this lager, where there were seven hundred people, there remained approximately hundred and three people at the time of the liquidation of the lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1274.0,1322.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And when was the lager liquidated?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1322.0,1324.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The lager was liquidated when all camps of compulsory labor were liquidated and transferred from the SA, to the SS, to become concentration camps.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1324.0,1335.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e When were the camps of compulsory labor liquidated?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1335.0,1337.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The compulsory labor camps were liquidated in 1944.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1337.0,1342.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1342.0,1343.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e In 1944. I went over [to the KZ] much earlier, in 1943, and I encountered there my brother, and there took place the further selection. There we stood before a committee of the SS, which picked out the strong ones and sent away the weak ones to be ‘melted down’, as they called it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1343.0,1365.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did they themselves call it that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1365.0,1367.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Melting down.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1367.0,1368.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e The SS?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1368.0,1369.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The SS called it that. Then we remained in the lager, first eight hundred Jews, and in general we remained five hundred Jews together. Afterwards there were added Jews from Bunzlau, from Bunzlau. Afterwards there also arrived a transport of Jews who were Hungarian Jews. They came to us the 5th of June, 1944. Our KZ was dissolved [?] the 9th day of May, 1944. [The apparent disruption of continuity is his own]. There [?] life was still somewhat tolerable. We had a good cavalry commander, that is we had an SS man who was in a compulsory manner, dragged over from the old guard regiments into the SS. He did not permit any chicanery. This lasted until the start...until the start of the offensive from the East. With the forward push of the Russian troops, when they arrived on the other side [??] of the Oder,...then they started to evacuate our concentration camps. We left the eleventh of February, 1945. We left under the roar of cannons, the shouting of the Russians. The Russians already fired over the city. A few hours later the city was occupied. But we have been already led away by the SS. En route, the first few hours were rather quiet. We stayed overnight fifteen kilometers from the town in the nearby village. There a few men tore themselves away from our column. The second day, again, a few people...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1369.0,1478.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean, they tore themselves away...ran away?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1478.0,1480.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e They hid themselves. They concealed themselves, at any rate, remained behind, and afterwards, in a few days they were liberated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1480.0,1487.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1487.0,1488.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The second day it was also successful...the third day a larger number already attempted to hide, life was bitter, the conditions became worse, there was no food, the cold...These hid themselves; more than a hundred people. That became conspicuous. Then they started throwing hand grenades into the barns. That means, at those who slept in there [?] and they shot with machine guns, and there fell twenty-two people from among us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1488.0,1518.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you, too...were you, too, hiding?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1518.0,1521.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e No. I was not among the hiding. And so remaining...the rest of us were to be shot, because of...all of us [?]. And at that instant arrived the commander of the lager who I mentioned before [the cavalry man] and he...he was the only person who saved us at that instant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1521.0,1537.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1537.0,1537.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e He did not permit,...he got angry, on account of their having such a thing. And he told us still one thing: ‘You are not cunning Jews’ [the narrative becomes somewhat incoherent]. That is the manner in which we got away. At that moment [when] he saw that the Russians were near,—’we could not have done anything to you’. I don’t know, maybe it was a ruse to say no, but in spite of that, he was not a bad...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1537.0,1561.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1561.0,1562.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . person.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1562.0,1563.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1563.0,1563.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e From there, we marched on for another six weeks...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1563.0,1569.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Marched on foot?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1569.0,1569.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Marched on foot six weeks, without interruption.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1569.0,1572.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, and if someone was unable to go on...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1572.0,1574.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e On the road...people who were...people got sick of pneumonia and died. We got no medical care. People who dared to jump aside into a field [I am not sure of the word—possibly in Hebrew]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1574.0,1586.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What is that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1586.0,1587.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That are, such fields [?] of potatoes or carrots, pulling them out—he was shot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1587.0,1593.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1593.0,1594.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And on the road there fell also an uncounted number of people simply because they were shot. We arrived in the famous lager Nordhausen...[one word not clear].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1594.0,1604.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1604.0,1604.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e After a six week’s march. Upon arrival...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1604.0,1607.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How many were there...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1607.0,1609.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We arrived five hundred and forty-one persons...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1609.0,1612.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e All Jews?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1612.0,1613.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Only Jews...we were solely Jews. We arrived five hundred and forty-one...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1613.0,1616.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now, how it known [exactly] five hundred and forty one...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1616.0,1618.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e I know it because we were counted, because when we entered into the lager, the number was announced as to how many there were of us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1618.0,1625.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1625.0,1625.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The number announced was five hundred and forty one prisoners.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1625.0,1630.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1630.0,1631.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That’s how we were counted. When we arrived in the lager...in the lager I stayed no more than about three days. There they burned a crematory...but the lager was clean.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1631.0,1642.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Clean?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1642.0,1642.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e It was clean there. From this lager I was sent away to a farther lager; nine kilometers farther...the name of the lager was called Allrich [?] in the Harz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1642.0,1651.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1651.0,1653.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There the lager was an extermination lager. The lager had existed about a year’s time. Among the nine thousand inmates, there died daily about two hundred people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1653.0,1668.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1668.0,1669.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e From...no eating, from beatings, from shootings. Two hundred people day in and day out, and many more, There was not crematory. Instead of a crematory there were piles of wood and cadavers. Wood and cadavers were piled up [in layers], tar poured over it, and set fire to. And that burned the day long, smoldering [?] day in and day out. And the work at it was done, of course, by prisoners.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1669.0,1701.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now tell me [??]. When they had burned there in the pits, what was done afterwards?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1701.0,1705.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e When? With the rest? The ashes were sent away...,thrown away...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1705.0,1709.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And they used the same pits again:","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1709.0,1711.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There they made no pits. Burned on pires.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1711.0,1714.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Ah...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1714.0,1715.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The pires were burned down. The wood with the people. And day after day...there was a special work detail, which had to do this work. After arriving at this lager...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1715.0,1727.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How high were these pires:","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1727.0,1728.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The pires were...there were special ladders to climb up. They were of a height of fifteen, more than fifteen meters. And laid out four by three [??]. All those who died were all those who were called the Mussulmen, in the common language.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1728.0,1744.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What is a Mussulman:","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1744.0,1746.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e A Mussulman means literally like a skeleton. That is a Mussulman. Thereafter entering the lager...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1746.0,1753.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you know why they were called Mussulmen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1753.0,1756.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e I don’t know, there is no answer. They were laid out...that is what they were called—Mussulmen. There I also met a single Hungarian Jew, who told me that he is already in the lager eight months, and he is the only one who remained there from a transport of over nine hundred Jews. So I asked him what happened, what was the cause that he remained. So he explained to me. For six weeks he still has been working. At mealtime they gave there four hundred grams of bread, but the bread was full of sawdust mixed with wood shavings. So he explained that after six weeks he did not work anymore, but the block-elder would write down that he had gone to work, and he would give to the block elder hundred and fifty grams [of his bread ration].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1756.0,1807.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1807.0,1808.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And on the two hundred and fifty grams he lived, and was lying all the time in bed. And so on [??] So I asked the man, how he can stand it. He looked well past fifty years. So he explained to me that he...that he was all together only twenty-three years [of age], so badly that he had...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1808.0,1825.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did he have a beard:","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1825.0,1826.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e No, no beard. Shaved, we were shaved once a week.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1826.0,1831.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1831.0,1831.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e They shaved with hard...tempered knives, they shaved...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1831.0,1837.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . they shaved...Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1837.0,1838.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Water for washing was not available. To sleep—we had to sleep in our clothes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1838.0,1851.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In clothes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1851.0,1851.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. When we entered that lager we were a bit more presentable and dressed, that means, cleaner, in spite [of the fact] that we have not...not washed for weeks. You can imagine the way conditions were there [?] if we were called the clean ones.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1851.0,1867.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1867.0,1867.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e All the time that we were on the construction job, we proceeded to work [??]. We worked then in the caves [galleries], caves, that means...we chopped through tunnels, and there work was done on ‘falling’ weapons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1867.0,1884.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1884.0,1885.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We were...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1885.0,1885.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e The falling weapons...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1885.0,1886.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1886.0,1886.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e The flying bombs?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1886.0,1887.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The flying bombs were manufactured there. We arrived at that lager exactly on the eve of Pesach [Passover]...in that lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1887.0,1896.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In what year?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1896.0,1898.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e In the year 1945.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1898.0,1900.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1900.0,1902.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We were led into a block. A block—a pigsty. There were beds, they called it beds, nailed together of two boards crosswise. And on such a contraption [?] a life [?] contraption [?] had to lie four prisoners.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1902.0,1919.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean by two boards crosswise?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1919.0,1921.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That means it was...the bed was built like a cross, two boards laid crosswise...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1921.0,1926.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, now show me, how was that...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1926.0,1929.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e A cross, a [word not clear].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1929.0,1931.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1931.0,1931.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And that way we had to lie.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1931.0,1933.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And how many people?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1933.0,1934.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Four people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1934.0,1935.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh...Oh, oh...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1935.0,1936.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e When we have...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1936.0,1937.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . they were lying from the center outward...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1937.0,1939.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Afterwards we were lying like valets, [he uses the French word for knaves] like [playing] cards...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1939.0,1942.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Like what?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1942.0,1944.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That means on one side...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1944.0,1946.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Like [playing] cards, like the cards. On the one side [extreme] a head...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1946.0,1949.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . a head and on the other side a head.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1949.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. And where...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1950.0,1951.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And to turn over, lying on the back we were unable, but [and] we had to lie on our side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1951.0,1957.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1957.0,1957.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And when one wanted to turn over, that had to be done on general command [order].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1957.0,1961.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now a question. Were they long enough...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1961.0,1966.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e No, no, no.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1966.0,1967.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . to stretch out the feet?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1967.0,1967.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, to stretch out the feet they were long enough.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1967.0,1970.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, but not...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1970.0,1971.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e But narrow, but very narrow.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1971.0,1973.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1973.0,1974.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e One would ask himself, why sleep? So they said, ‘No, you must sleep.’ and that was that [??]. Food we were getting according to our identification number.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1974.0,1983.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1983.0,1984.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e I had the identification number 120569. That was already the second identification number [he uses a special term—that accounts for the question].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1984.0,1991.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean by Kenn-nummer?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1991.0,1991.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That means a number—every prisoner had his number.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1991.0,1994.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And why do you call it Kenn-nummer?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1994.0,1996.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That means, one should know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1996.0,1997.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, yes, to recognize...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1997.0,1999.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e To recognize, recognition [erkennen] number, it was called.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=1999.0,2001.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2001.0,2002.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There, when one would receive that little piece of bread with the twenty grams of margarine, which one would get, he would receive it only under identification number.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2002.0,2013.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2013.0,2013.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e In addition, we would get a liter of soup. The liter of soup was of rotten potatoes, [two words, not clear] cooked without salt, just like for pigs. The eating pot was completely rusted through, no pig would be fed from such an eating pot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2013.0,2032.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [for clarification] Rusted through...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2032.0,2033.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Rusted through.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2033.0,2034.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2034.0,2038.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There everyone...the block elder did not know anybody. Why? Because daily used to arrive new people. And from among the new people he picked me out [??]. When I arrived I observed the first case of cannibalism, that means, man-eating.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2038.0,2055.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2055.0,2056.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There arrived a prisoner, back from work. He was led by his arms [he was supported by others]. And there came one and struck him with a blow. One from among the same prisoners.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2056.0,2065.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2065.0,2066.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e In my judgment, it was one of the Ukrainians.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2066.0,2069.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e A Christian?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2069.0,2070.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, a prisoner. And he struck him with a blow, and so he killed him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2070.0,2074.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2074.0,2075.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e So he took of his tunic on which he carried his identification number, and by this method he obtained his little piece of bread, instead of him. Another one pulled off his pair of torn shoes, and with his pants. And others came over, cut through the place of the heart, took out the heart, and the liver, and a piece of flesh on which there was still a piece of fat. They took it out, and raw, without cooking, they ate it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2075.0,2105.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Were these Ukrainians?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2105.0,2107.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Ukrainians.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2107.0,2108.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And Jews...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2108.0,2108.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Jews did not do that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2108.0,2110.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...[See Note at the end of spool].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2110.0,2111.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The Jews said they would sooner die than do that [words not clear]. In this lager it was most terrible. Early in the morning when the appel was made, we had to line up. And we had to take out the dead from the block, which were by the tens [analogy to by the dozens] in every block, and lay them out on the appel square, at every block. There were various kinds of dead. Clubbed, chopped, [people], with heavy suppurated wounds. Old wounds, and new wounds one could see. Because all...all who were carried out—completely naked. That is the way how they were carried out. Because the first of the prisoners, and the one who did not have...for instance, clothing, so he would take the rags [?].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2111.0,2156.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Clothing, things to wear:","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2156.0,2158.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . clothing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2158.0,2158.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2158.0,2158.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e He would take the rags [?] and wrap the rags [?] around his body so that he should not feel [the cold].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2158.0,2165.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2165.0,2166.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e From there, after a week’s time, we arrived again...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2166.0,2174.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] This concludes Spool 93 of Mr. Schwarzfitter, and we will continue on Spool 94. This is taken in Italy near Como, in the lager Trad—...or in the cooperative living place in the Castle Tradate. Illinois Institute of Technology recording, Septem—...August the 31st, 1946.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2174.0,2205.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e August 31st, 1946, in Tradate, near, between Como and Milan, a place for...a cooperative of Displaced People of nearly six hundred. This is Spool 94, a continuation of Spool 93, Mr. Jacob Schwarzfitter reporting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2205.0,2225.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In German] Now you remember, Mr. Schwarzfitter, where you were [in your story].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2225.0,2227.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2227.0,2228.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2228.0,2229.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e [In Yiddish] In that lager, which I named before...In Allerich [?] in the Harz [?] we remained for eight days. That was because the lager was again evacuated, with the advance of the American forces, which had occupied then [the city of] Kassel. That was about ninety kilometers from Kassel. At that time [?] entire lagers were led out. The healthy [??] and the sick. All were led out, but the healthy were crowded ninety in each...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2229.0,2260.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2260.0,2261.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . in each railroad car, which was a fifteen-ton RR-car, a closed one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2261.0,2265.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How many wheels per RR-car?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2265.0,2267.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Four wheels...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2267.0,2268.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e A small RR-car [Note: these are the old “forty and eight”—Forty men or eight horses].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2268.0,2268.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e But they were fifteen-ton [cars], so it was written on them, fifteen-ton cars. The entrance had to be perfectly clear. There stood a little cot with a hay sack [hay mattress] on it, and there slept two SS men. And the capos were two professional criminals, Germans, who had to keep order. They were selected at the departure from the lager to be in charge of surveillance over us. Woe is to the man who falls under a master who was once a slave. With every order [??] they were beating us [??]. We were ordered to embark, to sit down on the floor, and one had to sit down next to the other. But it was impossible to sit..., to sit that way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2268.0,2329.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2329.0,2331.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e When somebody dared to complain to a chief, then everybody was beaten. Nobody was spared among us. An incident once happened that, in spite of the fact haat we have seen so many cases of death, but I shall never forget that moment when a Jew was beaten, somebody was beaten, and he started saying Vida [the prayer of those who are approaching death].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2331.0,2348.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm..., in the RR-car.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2348.0,2348.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e In the RR-car. At that moment went through our mind the old memories. By that time we were not anymore human beings like we remembered from once at home, because all..., all that belonged to the past. But at that moment a man..., a man remembered [?] that once there was a home, [where] humans died like humans, and not under such conditions, and such circumstances. No food, no drink, were given to us. Not even swallowing [catching our breath?], standing up was permitted. And so we remained for five days.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2348.0,2379.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What does it mean? Why did they not permit to swallow?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2379.0,2382.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Nothing. One could not. They were beating, pushing one another. It was an impossibility to swallow [to breath?]. The thirst was so strong...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2382.0,2390.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e The what?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2390.0,2390.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The thirst...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2390.0,2392.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e The thirst...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2392.0,2392.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The thirst, the thirst...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2392.0,2393.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e The thirst. [Footnote 3: Note: Such repetitions indicate that the interviewee did not pronounce the word clearly, or used an unfamiliar word or term. —D.P.B.]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2393.0,2394.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The thirst [only now the word became understandable due to context] was so strong that people drank their own urine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2394.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Was that really so?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2400.0,2401.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That was really so. And people got sick of the so-called sickness of the rose [erysipelas].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2401.0,2407.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What is that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2407.0,2408.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e A rose...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2408.0,2409.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell it in Yiddish..., Yes a rose...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2409.0,2412.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2412.0,2412.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2412.0,2413.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . rose sickness. Very many. They had violent fever. Day in and day out; we were traveling [the train was in motion] three, four to five hours a day. The rest of the time we were standing on sidings [?], where we had to unload people who died. There happened to be in our RR-car stronger people...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2413.0,2434.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean by sidings...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2434.0,2435.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That means on tracks, tracks on the side...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2435.0,2438.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2438.0,2438.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Where there was no movement [of trains] of any kind.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2438.0,2440.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2440.0,2440.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There they would stand. Those who had died were taken off, the..., the beaten to death, and we had to bury the people. That was our job. Daily the report-maker went through, to prepare the report on how many people were present.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2440.0,2461.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e My RR-car was designated as number seven. He daily inquired. The first day he asked: how many people counts this RR-car? The answer came: ninety. He said nothing: The second day it was asked again: how many [people] counts this RR-car? Again the answer was ninety. So he then replied so that everybody could hear: ‘What, again ninety?’ That was enough. Then came in the capos, the two professional criminals, and the two guards. And they started angrily to beat us, and they said, yelled, ‘You damned Jew-band, you don’t want to croak?’ So they said: What, you don’t want to croak when so many people are being buried day in and day out? And he presented a demand that for tomorrow there be at least six dead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2461.0,2516.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How do you understand that? How can that be done?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2516.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Nothing. He says that people should murder among themselves. They demanded [four words not clear]. We agreed among ourselves that they may kill everybody, but none of us will raise his hand to murder any one of our comrades. And so it was, we delivered none. We were all beaten but we did not deliver, up to the last.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2520.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2550.0,2551.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And so we had all the time...Yes, they had water; but for us there was no water. A stroke of great luck happened to those..., who had the fortune, that the water in which the..., the SS men had washed their feet...And they would take the whole kettle with water and pour it out [on the people]. The one who had most water poured on him was the fortunate one. He could wipe a bit his face. And so I traveled for five days. The last day we arrived at the station of Bergen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2551.0,2591.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Bergen-Belsen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2591.0,2591.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Bergen-Belsen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2591.0,2593.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2593.0,2594.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There we had to abandon two of our comrades who were weak. We wanted to take them with us, we had still two kilometers [walk] to the lager. But they said that these people will come in automobiles. And so they are ‘coming’ to this very day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2594.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e You had to leave them in the RR-car?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2610.0,2612.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We had to..., they were taken out of the RR-car. We had to leave them on the platform.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2612.0,2616.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e At the rr-station?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2616.0,2617.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e At the rr-station..., and we had to leave them...It was a freight station, not one for people, for freight. And so we were driven. We went over to the lager, the few people who had remained. There they did not survive. Because at that instant, I shall tell you now further what has happened. At the instant when we were marching, I saw for the first time, after a lapse of three years,—Jewish women, parents, Jewish men and children. Those were interned Hungarian Jew. They were sent away from the lager, and we moved into the lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2617.0,2654.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where were they sent sway?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2654.0,2655.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Where to?—I don’t know. They went away. There [we] arrived—it was after five days [of travel] without having eaten, without having to drink.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2655.0,2663.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e When was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2663.0,2664.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That was the ninth of April, 1945.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2664.0,2666.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Let me tell you, many of those [Hungarians] were sent to Switzerland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2666.0,2671.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That I don’t know. It is possible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2671.0,2672.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2672.0,2673.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e But that was the ninth of April, 1945.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2673.0,2676.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2676.0,2677.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The first morning, that was on a Tuesday, the tenth of April, we had the great fortune to get for twelve people one bread of 1,200 grams. For twelve people that means one hundred grams of bread per person. After six days without food. There was no water. It was specially blocked up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2677.0,2700.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2700.0,2702.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . specially blocked up. And so was the bread. I shall tell you later, [for] the day when we were liberated [it] was poisoned, prepared for us. They wanted to exterminate us completely.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2702.0,2716.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Was that proved?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2716.0,2717.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Definitely.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2717.0,2718.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Who has proved that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2718.0,2718.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That was proved by the English themselves. There were two SS men, they were forced to..., to eat the bread. They ate it, and they became poisoned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2718.0,2727.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e They died?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2727.0,2728.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e They died. They did not want to release their prisoners [?], but just poisoned them. And so after six days’ time when we got that little piece of bread, and at night they took us into..., early in the morning when we arrived, that means on Tuesday, we noticed two large mieten, kupze [?] as it is said in the Polish language.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2728.0,2746.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What does that mean?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2746.0,2748.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Mieten of rutabaga, where they are hidden.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2748.0,2751.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2751.0,2753.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There were rutabaga. In this lager where I was, there were thirty thousand prisoners, of all nationalities. Emaciated...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2753.0,2761.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Again, what are mieten, describe them...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2761.0,2764.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Mieten, those are..., when it was kept for the winter,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2764.0,2767.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2767.0,2767.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . for example, potatoes...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2767.0,2768.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha, cellars...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2768.0,2769.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Such kind of cellars, but in the open field [apparently deep excavations in the ground].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2769.0,2771.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha...Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2771.0,2772.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And that was in the lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2772.0,2774.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2774.0,2775.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e It was near the block number 77. I was in that block, and from that block I was liberated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2775.0,2780.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Did you there...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2780.0,2781.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There, when we arrived..., exactly across from my block vis-a-vis were the mieten. So then we went...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2781.0,2788.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e The excavations [word not clear]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2788.0,2789.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, but covered up. And they went..., thousands and thousands of prisoners, each one attempting to save himself, to hold over with a rutabaga.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2789.0,2801.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e A rutabaga is a briukva [Russian Yiddish equivalent].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2801.0,2802.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e ?..., a briukva, yes. And nearby stood the SS men, and the Hungarian SS, DEMA [apparently a connotation for the latter] and they were shooting from machine guns, the prisoners, who were [would remain?] lying [dead?] at the mieten. They were dragged away..., and by the hundred, more than hundreds of dead were dragged away. We had to remove them. But that did not scare away anybody, because everybody say death before his eyes...On the same day we heard the first call of freedom in the distance. That is, we heard the thunder of the cannons of the English artillery. Each and every one waited with violent tension for the moment of liberation. And there took place a violent race. The race was between time and our strength, physical strength. Will we still be among those, who shall still live to the moment to be free men? When the long, longed-for free day arrived, the fifteenth of April, half-past two in the afternoon...Day in and day out we were longing that they should strike. When still, the same day was brought that little piece of bread, there were clashes [?] with the capos, with the SS, with the Hungarians, and everybody pushed forward, and grabbed the bread. One did not care that they were shooting. And then...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2802.0,2888.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now what was going on?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2888.0,2889.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Every day, when they brought bread...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2889.0,2891.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2891.0,2892.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e It was heavily guarded, [repeats in German] guarded...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2892.0,2894.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2894.0,2895.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That it should not be ‘taken’ [by force, or stolen], and in spite of that people got to it, and grabbed the bread.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2895.0,2898.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2898.0,2899.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e One did not care...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2899.0,2900.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2900.0,2900.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . for the danger to [his] life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2900.0,2901.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2901.0,2902.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And exactly at the moment, when one heard the rolling [?] of the English tanks into the lager, there arrived also, on the dot, a truck with bread, and a trailer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2902.0,2912.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e German?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2912.0,2912.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. And not a single man of the guards were present, and no prisoner dared to get near the bread.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2912.0,2921.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2921.0,2921.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Why? The thought of the oncoming [?] liberation, somehow emerged by itself. We forgot completely that we were hungry, one embraced the other and started kissing each other. We yelled: we are free! They entered...first entered the vanguard, an automobile with loudspeaker [?]. He told us in all languages, announcing that we are..., that we are not anymore under the authority of the SS, but we are not permitted to leave the lager. First of all because there runs a dangerous epidemic of disentery, intestinal typhus, spotted typhus. Such was the day of liberation. On...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2921.0,2960.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What happened to the SS?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2960.0,2962.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There remained with us only eighteen SS men.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2962.0,2965.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2965.0,2966.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The SS men were taken prisoners.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2966.0,2968.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2968.0,2969.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And the professional criminals, the Germans who mostly served as capos, had to get out. The SS men were compelled to bury the..., their victims, their ‘burned offerings’.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2969.0,2981.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Which ones? the...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2981.0,2982.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The Jews, the non-Jews, because there it was an international lager, Bergen-Belson. And they were compelled..., and the professional criminals were compelled to dig the grave.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2982.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=0.0,2992.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e In every lager..., for example, I was in Nordhausen, I was in Dora [?] I was in Allrich, There was written on large rocks..., on a large rock was engraved: Work makes free.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=2992.0,3003.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3003.0,3004.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And we ourselves have: ‘in the crematory number two and number 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slogan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3012.0,3013.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And you...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3013.0,3013.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e But we said, ‘in the crematory number two and number three...’","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3013.0,3018.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...[I have heard this jingle before from other interviewees, and he apparently was a bit surprised at my matter-of-fact attitude].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3018.0,3018.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Now we got them. But..., then the English announced...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3018.0,3023.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How do you explain that the SS men were not killed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3023.0,3028.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We did not kill them because they were soon taken prisoners. The English did not permit to harm them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3028.0,3034.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3034.0,3035.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e But one thing that they had to do was work. They had to work, there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3035.0,3039.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now did you talk to some of them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3039.0,3041.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e With whom? With the SS? Here I want to tell about an incident that occurred with them. We [?] took them, with a heavy guard, with automatic pistols—they were led out to..., to bury their victims.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3041.0,3053.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3053.0,3054.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Two men, two SS men had to take one ‘skeleton.’","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3054.0,3058.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3058.0,3059.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And they had to carry him fifty meters, from the mountain [of bodies] where they were, to the grave. There lined up a whole cordon of prisoners, from around and around, the heavy thousands of prisoners, and all like one started to yell: Work makes free. Take hold, now we shall work. And now kharakos [? this appears a camp lingo, possibly a Hungarian word brought in by the Hungarian SS. I writed the word “by ear”] Kharakos means run. And we started slapping [them].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3059.0,3083.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e The SS men?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3083.0,3085.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, and beating [them]. And they worked. Many SS men have pleaded to be shot. Then came the same answer: ‘You, too, have refused us a bullet. Why should we shoot you?’ And so it was done. Afterwards the same SS men were led away to Lindenburg where took place the famous Lindenburg trial [? this word is not clear, and surely incorrect. It may be “Nuerenberg”].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3085.0,3109.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...[Here for some reason there is a whisper:","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3109.0,3109.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e May I still continue?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3109.0,3111.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Sure, go on./","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3111.0,3112.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And so it happened, when I got out from the lager, I met also one from my town, a boy who had also run away. I had run away from the lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3112.0,3126.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e When?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3126.0,3127.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e After the liberation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3127.0,3128.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, what does it mean, ran away?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3128.0,3129.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e I had to run away, if not, the same danger would have threatened me that befell many thousands.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3129.0,3136.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3136.0,3136.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The person who was not well was..., the person who was well was in great danger to get sick.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3136.0,3142.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3142.0,3142.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And so I ran away, and I came to live in the environs of Braunschweig. In a few months, after a few months, I learned that I have come to find my sister.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3142.0,3152.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How did you live there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3152.0,3155.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e With a German.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3155.0,3156.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3156.0,3157.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e With a German. He treated me very good and decently indeed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3157.0,3160.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3160.0,3161.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Why? That was a German, he was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3161.0,3163.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Germany was already liberated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3163.0,3164.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Then it was already liberated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3164.0,3167.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3167.0,3168.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e When I ran away it was the seventeenth, it was the twentieth of May. That is, it was already after the capitulation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3168.0,3175.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3175.0,3175.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e But in spite of that, we were not let out. We were strictly guarded, but I succeeded in running away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3175.0,3182.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3182.0,3184.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e After three months of liberty, I learned about my sister, that she also had survived and was in a lager Pers [?] Waldau [?/","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3184.0,3191.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where is that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3191.0,3192.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That was in the direction of Breslau.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3192.0,3194.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3194.0,3195.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e I got together with her after four years of separation. She was, Thank God!, well...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3195.0,3201.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How did you find out?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3201.0,3202.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e I came to know [about her] through a comrade, who I happened to meet. So he told me he had met my sister. So I said, how do you know, my sister. So he said, I have inquired. Because everyone always inquired. One always questioned the other when people would meet: haven’t you seen this one, haven’t you seen that one? Each and everyone inquired about relatives. And I was with this comrade in the same lager for a year [?]; he knew me quite well, so he gave me a ‘call of life.’ He transmitted to me regards, and he told me that my sister ought to be either in Weiden, or in Spandau, that is in the Upper Palatinate [Pfalz]. So I took a trip there and I got together with her.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3202.0,3237.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How did you travel?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3237.0,3238.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e I traveled by train, I traveled without money.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3238.0,3241.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How come?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3241.0,3242.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The railroad was..., yes, railroad..., because we had no money. We had worked enough for the German National Railway. [A long pause, possibly an outside interruption]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3242.0,3265.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now then...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3265.0,3265.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e When I was behind the [barbed] wires, I only brooded—that one span of the wires can give me freedom [?]. Because I was from 1933 to 1937, I was in work training [?] for preparatory work, in Poland in a Kibbutz [work community for or in Israel, name not clear].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3265.0,3285.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3285.0,3285.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And now sixteen months after liberation, we see how pale [feeble] the general sympathy is. It is possible that the major part of us, if they had known that that is how our liberation would turn out, would for sure not have wanted to struggle—so superhuman was the struggle. Because not only were we moved by the egoistic drive to desire to live, and to hold out. Because today, when everyone of us, and I, for example as well, when I should consider all that I have gone through, because it is impossible to tell about it in one hour, in two hours, in a week, it is impossible..., all the details I have experienced. But if today it would have come about to experience for one month, what I experienced during years, I should definitely not go through with it. Because we held out for the reason that we did not know what the morrow shall bring. And there we lived with the hope that the morrow will be better, a more beautiful...But, as a bitter death, we see that the morrow is still worse.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3285.0,3351.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What does that mean?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3351.0,3352.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Still worse. For example, as the same [man] who was yesterday oppressed together with me, the Polish citizen—and today he persecutes us. And that is one like me, who was first to suffer; and suffered not only for ourselves. We have executed deeds of sabotage. How did we accomplish that? We did bad work. Various screws [the word was not clear] which we had to make, we have buried, hidden away..., and on that account...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3352.0,3378.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What was that? Various what...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3378.0,3380.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Screws...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3380.0,3380.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3380.0,3381.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . which were needed in the various constructions—we buried them, concealed in the earth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3381.0,3385.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3385.0,3385.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e They disappeared. And we reported that we didn’t know where they were. And on that account the whole works were stopped, you understand? In any possible way and manner we caused sabotage. And in spite of that the behavior of the world in general, is so unfriendly. Nowadays the despair is much grrater than before. Before we would say that only Germany is destroying..., destroying our life. Nowadays we know that we are liberated people. What do we have? We have nothing. I surely desire..., I desire to be repatriated, back to my own home. So the road is blocked for me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3385.0,3432.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why? How come?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3432.0,3433.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Why? Because they won’t let me in. They don’t admit to the Land of Israel. [This was in the epoch of Cyprus, summer of 1946]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3433.0,3436.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3436.0,3437.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There is my old home, there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3437.0,3439.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But you were never there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3439.0,3441.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There is my old home because everywhere a Jew is, he is told he is not at home.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3441.0,3447.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3447.0,3448.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And Poland is, of course, out of the question. Besides, there can not be any argument. In the instant when we, the people, I one among them, I have no confidence in the Democratic World. What does it mean, no confidence? In such and instant, when Germany, the most cultural land on earth, which was called ‘The salt of the earth’ [pronunciation not clear] was capable of such bestial deeds...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3448.0,3472.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Was called what?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3472.0,3473.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The salt of the earth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3473.0,3474.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3474.0,3475.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Was capable to perpetrate such a great bestial deed against the Jews, against Jewery, of which he [Germany] is not ashamed at all, these grandsons of Torquemada [great Inquisitor in Spain in the Fifteenth Century]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3475.0,3487.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3487.0,3488.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . then we know that everything may happen. We expected that with the progress of Technology and Culture, such things would not happen anymore. And we say a contrary occurrence; that with the progress of technology and science the barbarism..., the barbarism of humanity progresses still faster. For that reason, and I shall take advantage of this opportunity, and want to say one thing. I understand very clearly that we enter a very hard struggle. The English Empire is surely stronger than we are. But we have a single weapon, the general satisfaction which is thus: that every people that rises against us Jews meets an evil end. Beginning with the Romans [word not clear], Babylonians, Greeks, Spanish, and also Zarist Russian and finally, Hitler Germany. And we are most surprised, that that second Jewish folk, England...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3488.0,3552.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why do you call them the second Jewish folk?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3552.0,3554.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Because they are the [lost] tribes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3554.0,3557.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...[If I understand him correctly, this refers to the legend about the lost tribes of Israel, who supposedly have migrated to the British Isles].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3557.0,3559.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That they should be capable to go against us...And while at the time of the gravest moments of the war, we were [inside Germany] the only confederates who wished for the victory of the Allies. If we were unable to express it with deeds, so we did with our wish, there still are such [should that mean a mystic power?]...with our prayers, that England should win the war. In addition, so many, more than a million Jews have fought in the armies of the Allies. They fought for the same slogan that means Liberty, Equality, and Brotherhood. Add where is the Liberty, and where is the Equality, and where is the Brotherhood that was to come to us Jews? I want that the whole world should know. I understand that England had a giant ocean fleet, air..., air fleet, also strong ground forces. But what good are Armies, at the moment when we have the only strong army, of which I spoke before. We have the satisfaction, the historical satisfaction, that everything that impedes us must go. And besides, we have old rusty weapons. And the weapons of today, the sharpest weapon is called despair [word not clear]. We are desperate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3559.0,3640.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What is it called, you say?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3640.0,3641.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We are desperate...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3641.0,3642.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But the word you used -","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3642.0,3644.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yoosh, Yoosh...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3644.0,3644.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In what language is that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3644.0,3646.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That is in the Hebrew language.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3646.0,3647.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3647.0,3648.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The Yoosh [despair] is with everyone. I understand that England plays a ‘road uphill’. Only the weak will tear themselves away. All the weak have gone, they have committed suicide in the lagers...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3648.0,3664.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What did you say, does England want to do with the weak?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3664.0,3667.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e She wants to take advantage of our weakness, that we should give up the intent to be..., to be an independent people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3667.0,3673.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Nu...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3673.0,3674.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We know that no Declaration in the world can guarantee our peace and safety [??]. We had a fact last summer, that under the auspices of England in Tripolitania [Jews were murdered] for three days and nights without interruption.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3674.0,3689.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In Tripolitania?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3689.0,3690.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, and what guarantee do we have? Nowadays, Jews are being murdered in Poland. Lately [?] there was discovered a secret organization which had the task to murder Jews in Rumania...And everywhere, antisemitism is awake [?] a horror [?]. We know that the Land of Israel is [means] a hard life. Hard, much harder than we could have it being in America. But we want to be where we have our own bread. Because it does not exist, it is not worth the economic strength and the political strength. We have seen it ourselves. So, in Poland we also had rich Jews. And they went the same way as the poor ones. For that reason, you [the Americans] should help us, if there is still a certain measure of conscience in you, so we could build our own abode. We do not want to push aside anybody, [three words, not clear]. We want to transform the desert in good vineyards we want to create for ourselves a healthier future [?], a better future [?] for our people and for our generations to come, and to help to assure peace for all humanity [a long pause].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3690.0,3769.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Could you describe to me a bit the life here in the Hachshara [preparatory community]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3769.0,3776.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3776.0,3776.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, describe it to me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3776.0,3779.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Here, here we are in the town Tradate, and we are here more than four hundred Jews.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3779.0,3787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Four hundred Jews. How did you get here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3787.0,3789.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3789.0,3790.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e One moment. I am not through with you personally.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3790.0,3793.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3793.0,3793.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you find your sister?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3793.0,3795.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3795.0,3795.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now then...how did you get to Italy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3795.0,3799.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e To Italy I traveled...[there begins a whisper, he apparently wants the microphone removed, because there have been involved some activities of the Hachshara, which they refused to disclose, or at least, to have recorded]. From Italy..., from Germany I departed with a group. My [word not clear]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3799.0,3816.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Wait a moment! How did you make up this group, who...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3816.0,3820.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The group was a Hachshara for the Kibuzim. They were gathered together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3820.0,3822.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How did they get together?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3822.0,3823.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e At various places.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3823.0,3824.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3824.0,3825.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We journeyed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3825.0,3826.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And how many were you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3826.0,3827.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We were several tens of people. We got across. Several tens of people. We crossed the border.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3827.0,3833.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Which border?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3833.0,3834.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We passed, first we passed the German-Austrian [border], and after, the Austrian, the Italian.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3834.0,3839.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh!, you did not come through Switzerland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3839.0,3841.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e No, we did not come through Switzerland. That means there are no more borders for us, as long as we deal with the attainment of our goal. We find the only hindrance, that is the sea. If the sea would not separate us from the Land of Israel, we should have been there long ago. But we shall overcome that too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3841.0,3864.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now then...You have come to Italy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3864.0,3867.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3867.0,3868.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And where did you go then? How did you find your destination?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3868.0,3869.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e In Italy we were..., we were in Milano, we were in the environs of Rome. And now we are here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3869.0,3875.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Who has sent you here? Who did...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3875.0,3876.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean, who? We have our key points which direct us. And now we are the soldiers of the Jewish people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3876.0,3883.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But this place is supported by whom? By the Joint [JDC]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3883.0,3887.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e By the Joint and the UNRRA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3887.0,3889.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3889.0,3889.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We are waiting for the first and best opportunity, to be able to come...We do not recognize any illegal society [Aliya]. That means...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3889.0,3898.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What does it mean, no Aliya...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3898.0,3899.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We do not recognize any illegal Aliya; that means we go to the Land of Israel legally. We are from there...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3899.0,3905.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e You do not travel legally?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3905.0,3906.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We do journey legally.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3906.0,3908.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3908.0,3908.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We travel legally because from there we were repatriated [he obiously means expatriated].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3908.0,3913.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e From where?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3913.0,3913.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e From the Land of Israel we were expatriated [he says repatriated] one thousand eight hundred seventy-six years ago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3913.0,3919.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3919.0,3920.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That is the exact time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3920.0,3922.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3922.0,3923.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We were repatriates [at present]. Just as Germany has dragged away Frenchmen, Poles, Czechs, and they do repatriate them to their countries, so do we want [to go] to our own country. Only there is our country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3923.0,3939.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But.,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3939.0,3940.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e For this reason, for instance, I understand that for England we are considered ‘illegal’.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3940.0,3944.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3944.0,3945.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e But I shall enter my country legally. I do not come to take away [anything] from anybody. I come only to help, build, work. I am, thanks God, still well. I can work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3945.0,3957.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And what do you think..., How long will you still remain here, now...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3957.0,3960.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e It is not a question, how long. As long as it may be—the final goal is the Land of Israel. We have not put up any stipulations, and we do not make stipulations to the Land of Israel. Since it means [to come to] good conditions, I do not set any fixed date when to get there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3960.0,3975.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now let us see. It is being said that the UNNRA will be terminated in six, seven months. What then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3975.0,3981.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e So what: The UNNRA will terminate, we don’t care! We have gone through the gravest moments. For us there is no worry what will happen tomorrow. The horror against hunger we have no more. We have a greater horror, that we may now...we had now a chance to be set free, and if we should lose the freedom, then life is not worth anything. It is purposeless, and purposeless is any struggle to live without freedom.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3981.0,4008.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And what do people do here all day?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4008.0,4010.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e We learn ‘Kikhot’, we learn Hebrew.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4010.0,4015.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What is ‘Kikhot?’","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4015.0,4016.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e That means discussions. People discuss Jewish history, Zionist history, world history, we learn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4016.0,4021.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm...And...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4021.0,4025.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e And the time passes. We sing, we tell each other experiences [?] of the lagers. Because everyone has experiences to tell.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4025.0,4034.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you work in any way? Do you learn a trade?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4034.0,4036.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Here there is no trade school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4036.0,4039.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why? Couldn’t you bring in the ORT?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4039.0,4040.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e I don’t know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4040.0,4042.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you request that trade schools be installed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4042.0,4045.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Here in Italy the Hachsharas,in general, are not organized as the ones in Germany. In Germany, for instance, there were agricultural Hachsharas and trade school Hachshara. Here we have come not to stay, here we have come to get away as soon as possible. We wanted to go straight ahead, to get to our final goal. But unfortunately, due to the occurrence of various obstacles [?] we had to remain. And we believe the time shall not be a long one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4045.0,4076.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e There are now here a few people from the Land of Israel. What are they doing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4076.0,4083.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Those people? They tell us about the life in the Land of Israel, they teach, they teach Hebrew, they lead discussions, Jewish history...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4083.0,4094.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now, are there families in this place?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4094.0,4097.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Here are families too. That means, the newly created families.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4097.0,4101.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha...And where are all these small children from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4101.0,4104.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Those are all those who were born right after the liberation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4104.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh! But there are here also children who are three, four years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4110.0,4112.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh! Those are older children who were in camps for internees, or from the Rumanian and Hungarian communities who were in the Ghetto. Because not all Rumanian and Hungarian Jews were led out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4112.0,4124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh!, and they arrived now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4124.0,4125.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e They have come now. Because the situation is there, too, a very tense one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4125.0,4129.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha...Are these all people who have come from Poland already after..., after the war?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4129.0,4135.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, of course. All have come after the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4135.0,4138.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. But do people leave Poland now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4138.0,4140.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh! Just lately! No, there are none here who have left lately.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4140.0,4144.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Ah...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4144.0,4145.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e But now we know that large masses of Jews are fleeing on account of the pogroms which now take place in Poland. And about Italy letting them in [the last sentence was possibly said with irony]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4145.0,4154.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you hear that there are some Christians who came together with the Jews?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4154.0,4159.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e There are no Christians...Yes, there are Christians, there are Italians...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4159.0,4162.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In this place?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4162.0,4163.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Here, exactly, no. But there are Italians who have intermarried with Jews.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4163.0,4167.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha...And they are being accepted?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4167.0,4170.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, Yes! They are accepted. And there are also Russian women, and there are Polish women who have been hiding Jews. They hid them. And the Jews have married them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4170.0,4177.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And they go...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4177.0,4179.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, they got to the Land of Israel. They learn now[?] Hebrew.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4179.0,4183.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Do you have here Jewish teachers? Do you have a Rabbi here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4183.0,4187.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e No. Here we have no Rabbi.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4187.0,4188.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And they are here not very Orthodox?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4188.0,4190.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e No, here they are not...there is a block of about sixty people...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4190.0,4194.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4194.0,4194.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . who eat a..., have a separate chef and eat Kosher.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4194.0,4199.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha..., but the others don’t?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4199.0,4201.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e The others do not. The others cannot afford it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4201.0,4204.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How come they cannot afford...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4204.0,4206.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Because there are no facilities. And there are many who do not like to watch out for it [??]. They say that if they should come to a permanent [?] place, to the Land of Israel, they shall behave again as they once used to behave at home.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4206.0,4215.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now tell me, in the lagers, what were the pious Jews doing, when they were...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4215.0,4219.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e When, in the times of the KZ’s?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4219.0,4221.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4221.0,4222.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e In the times of the KZ’s, for instance..., I happen to be a Jew who prays [observes regular prayertime]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4222.0,4225.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4225.0,4226.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e So once they found on me a little prayer book [in Hebrew]. So I was given fifty strokes and a kick.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4226.0,4231.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e For that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4231.0,4232.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, for that. For that reason one would have to watch himself. And so I first prayed for a time from memory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4232.0,4240.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4240.0,4240.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . but God have mercy if one was caught.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4240.0,4243.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And on Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] or Rosh Hashana [New Year’s]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4243.0,4245.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e On Yom Kippur there was just nothing. It could happen that on Yom Kippur they would assign us to the worst labor. When they knew that there was a special [Sacred] Day they plagued [us] especially, still more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4245.0,4254.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e They would not allow to pray?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4254.0,4255.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh!, prayer and such things were out of the question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4255.0,4258.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, the Jews took with them their phylacteries, their prayer shawls.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4258.0,4261.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Whatever they took with them [of a religious nature] was all burned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4261.0,4266.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now what else did you want to tell me? [a whisper] Well, I think we shall conclude.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4266.0,4273.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4273.0,4274.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] This concludes Spool 94. This concludes number 94.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4274.0,4281.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In German] Have you any relatives in America?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4281.0,4283.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, sure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4283.0,4284.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you have the addresses?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4284.0,4285.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e I don’t have the addresses.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4285.0,4286.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha...[In English] This concludes spool number 94, taken at Tradate, near Como and Milano. Mr. Schoer...Shw...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4286.0,4298.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Schwarzfitter:\u003c/strong\u003e Schwarzfitter","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4298.0,4298.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e . . .Schwarzfitter reporting. Recording of Illinois Institute of Technology. 125 volts, 50 kilo— 50 cycles. [Note: This is one of the two spools in which reference is made to cannibalism. In both cases the heart is being singled out and an Ukrainian is mentioned. The place of the other interview is Paris, the place of the incident is different, and the interviewee is a different individual. \u0026mdash;D.P.B.]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4298.0,4297.67325"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/transcript/8078/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/008/078/original/jacob-schwarzfitter_en.txt?1738946277","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/008/078/original/jacob-schwarzfitter_en.txt?1738946277"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["annotations_schwarzfitterJ [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tradate\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tradate\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=0.0,38.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Milan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Milan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=0.0,38.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Olkusz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Olkusz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=49.0,57.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kutno\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kutno\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=75.0,124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Magdeburg\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Magdeburg\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=139.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Lublin\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Lublin\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=182.0,303.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=182.0,303.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=182.0,303.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Olkusz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Olkusz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=306.0,363.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=306.0,363.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=306.0,363.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=365.0,415.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=365.0,415.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. 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The Nazis made every effort to win the support of these German minorities.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=553.0,564.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=584.0,606.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eKZ: \u003c/b\u003eAbbreviation for “konzentrationslager” (concentration camp).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=642.0,674.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=642.0,674.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eaction: \u003c/b\u003eEpisodes of coordinated violence against Jewish communities, including the rounding up of Jews for deportation to ghettos, concentration camps, or killing centers.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=688.0,738.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eaction: \u003c/b\u003eEpisodes of coordinated violence against Jewish communities, including the rounding up of Jews for deportation to ghettos, concentration camps, or killing centers.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=739.0,740.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eaction: \u003c/b\u003eEpisodes of coordinated violence against Jewish communities, including the rounding up of Jews for deportation to ghettos, concentration camps, or killing centers.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=741.0,746.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bedzin\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bedzin\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=770.0,787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=770.0,787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bedzin\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bedzin\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=787.0,789.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Sosnowiec\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Sosnowiec\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=787.0,789.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=790.0,842.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=790.0,842.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Sosnowiec\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Sosnowiec\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=790.0,842.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Sosnowiec\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Sosnowiec\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=790.0,842.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Blechhammer\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Blechhammer\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=790.0,842.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=904.0,906.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=906.0,909.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"p\u0026gt;For more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Blechhammer\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Blechhammer\u003c/a\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=906.0,909.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. 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In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=951.0,989.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. 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It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3059.0,3083.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. 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Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3083.0,3085.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. 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Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3085.0,3109.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3085.0,3109.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nuremberg\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nuremberg\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3085.0,3109.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3112.0,3126.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3112.0,3126.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Brunswick\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Brunswick\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3142.0,3152.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3184.0,3191.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Wroclaw\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Wroclaw\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3192.0,3194.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3202.0,3237.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ekibbutz: \u003c/b\u003eA collective farm or settlement in modern Israel. (Plural Kibbutzim.)\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3265.0,3285.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3648.0,3664.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHachshara: \u003c/b\u003eA training course for would-be immigrants to Palestine, usually conducted in Europe but sometimes upon arrival in Palestine. The course prepared its students for life in a Kibbutz (a communal agricultural settlement) and would have involved forging bonds of group solidarity via instruction in Hebrew and agricultural training.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3769.0,3776.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tradate\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tradate\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3779.0,3787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHachshara: \u003c/b\u003eA training course for would-be immigrants to Palestine, usually conducted in Europe but sometimes upon arrival in Palestine. The course prepared its students for life in a Kibbutz (a communal agricultural settlement) and would have involved forging bonds of group solidarity via instruction in Hebrew and agricultural training.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3799.0,3816.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHachshara: \u003c/b\u003eA training course for would-be immigrants to Palestine, usually conducted in Europe but sometimes upon arrival in Palestine. The course prepared its students for life in a Kibbutz (a communal agricultural settlement) and would have involved forging bonds of group solidarity via instruction in Hebrew and agricultural training.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3820.0,3822.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ekibbutz: \u003c/b\u003eA collective farm or settlement in modern Israel. (Plural Kibbutzim.)\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3820.0,3822.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Milan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Milan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3869.0,3875.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Rome\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Rome\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3869.0,3875.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAmerican Joint Distribution Committee: \u003c/b\u003eFounded in 1914, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, often referred to as the “Joint,” was a major relief and rehabilitation agency before, during, and after the Holocaust. The JDC’s operations were the main manner in which American Jewry provided aid to its fellow European Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3883.0,3887.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAmerican Joint Distribution Committee: \u003c/b\u003eFounded in 1914, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, often referred to as the “Joint,” was a major relief and rehabilitation agency before, during, and after the Holocaust. The JDC’s operations were the main manner in which American Jewry provided aid to its fellow European Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3887.0,3889.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUNRRA: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Established in 1943, its principal executive post was held by a representative of the United States, which supplied forty percent of its budget. Among its chief duties was the repatriation of displaced persons—when the war ended, UNRRA had to cope with the task of caring for millions of displaced persons and refugees.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3887.0,3889.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUNRRA: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Established in 1943, its principal executive post was held by a representative of the United States, which supplied forty percent of its budget. Among its chief duties was the repatriation of displaced persons—when the war ended, UNRRA had to cope with the task of caring for millions of displaced persons and refugees.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3975.0,3981.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUNRRA: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Established in 1943, its principal executive post was held by a representative of the United States, which supplied forty percent of its budget. Among its chief duties was the repatriation of displaced persons—when the war ended, UNRRA had to cope with the task of caring for millions of displaced persons and refugees.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=3981.0,4008.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eZionist: \u003c/b\u003eHaving to do with the international political movement known as Zionism that supports a homeland for the Jewish people in the Land of Israel. 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Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4039.0,4040.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHachshara: \u003c/b\u003eA training course for would-be immigrants to Palestine, usually conducted in Europe but sometimes upon arrival in Palestine. The course prepared its students for life in a Kibbutz (a communal agricultural settlement) and would have involved forging bonds of group solidarity via instruction in Hebrew and agricultural training.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4045.0,4076.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHachshara: \u003c/b\u003eA training course for would-be immigrants to Palestine, usually conducted in Europe but sometimes upon arrival in Palestine. 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The concept was revived by the Nazi regime as part of the \"Final Solution\" to the \"Jewish Question.\"\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4112.0,4124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/846","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003epogrom: \u003c/b\u003eA form of riot or mob violence directed against a particular group, whether ethnic, religious, or other, and characterized by the killing and destruction of their homes, businesses, and religious centers. The term was originally used to denote extensive violence against Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4145.0,4154.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/847","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eblock: \u003c/b\u003eA single concentration camp barrack.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4190.0,4194.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/848","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4215.0,4219.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/849","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eKZ: \u003c/b\u003eAbbreviation for “konzentrationslager” (concentration camp).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4219.0,4221.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eKZ: \u003c/b\u003eAbbreviation for “konzentrationslager” (concentration camp).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4222.0,4225.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tradate\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tradate\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4286.0,4298.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Como\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Como\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4286.0,4298.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Milan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Milan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4286.0,4298.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134/annotation_set/1813/annotation/854","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17679/file/73134#t=4298.0,4297.67325"}]}]}]}