{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/ft8df6kf87/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["David P. Boder Interviews Jacques Bramson, August 16, 1946, Paris, France"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/039/original/IIT_Logo_stack_186_blk.png?1583422043","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1946-08-14"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":[" Russian (Primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Wire recording"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":[" bramsonJ_9-45B_9-46_9-48 (Local)"," bramsonJ_9-45B_9-46_9-48_SLP.mp3 (Digital Object ID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":[" Paris (France) (Place of recording)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":[" Interview with Jacques Bramson, conducted by David P. Boder on August 16, 1946 at an ORT school in Paris, France. (Abstract)"," Jacques Bramson was head of the ORT school in Paris when interviewed by David Boder on August 16, 1946. He was the nephew of Leonty Moiseivich Bramson, a president of ORT. Born in Russia in 1911, Jacques Bramson and his family moved to Poland after the 1917 Russian revolution and then emigrated to France in 1927. They were among a number of eastern European Jews who came to France during the inter-war period. Mr. Bramson fought in the French army during World War II and was wounded and recovered. From the very beginning of the German occupation of France, he was one of a small number who became engaged in active resistance. He eventually moved to the town of Périgueux in the southwestern portion of the country. Determined to join the Free French armed struggle against the Germans he attempted to reach North Africa. He was unsuccessful and returned to Périgueux where he headed the ORT school. As time went on, he rose to become resistance commander of the entire district surrounding Périgueux. In the interview, he provides valuable information on the ORT school's valuable contributions to the resistance, and on daily life in a resistance camp. Mr. Bramson was captured by the Germans after being wounded in a gun battle in the summer of 1943. His wounds increased the pain he experienced while enduring terrible torture by German security forces. He came perilously close to being executed but was miraculously spared only to be severely tortured again. Concealing his Jewish identity by posing as a Protestant, Mr. Bramson was ultimately sent to the infamous concentration camp Buchenwald as a French political prisoner. Had his true identity been known, his fate could have been far worse. In the latter portion of the interview, he recounts his horrific experiences in Buchenwald. He endured fifteen months of captivity in this camp, from early 1944 until his liberation by American troops in April 1945. Mr. Bramson provides information on certain aspects of the resistance activities in which he engaged while incarcerated in Buchenwald. (Some of his testimony regarding other aspects of the camp is open to question as is indicated in the footnotes.) In the face of advancing American troops, the SS evacuated thousands of prisoners, Mr. Bramson among them, from Buchenwald and sent them on death marches. He survived in part because, along with several others, he overpowered the SS guards on the march and escaped. Upon his return to France, after a period of recuperation, he rejoined ORT. Mr. Bramson's interview conveys a picture of a strong (both physically and morally), bright, cooperative, forthright and articulate individual. It is a remarkable story of courage, defiance, and luck as well as dramatic testimony to human resiliency and the capacity for regeneration. (Commentary by Elliot Lefkovitz) (Commentary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":[" World War, 1939-1945--Refugees (Topical)"," Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Personal narratives (Topical)"," World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, Jewish (Topical)"," Périgueux (France) (Geographic)"," Freising (Germany) (Geographic)"," Royallieu (Concentration camp) (Person Or Corporate Body)"," Buchenwald (Concentration camp) (Person Or Corporate Body)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":[" Bramson, Jacques (Interviewee)"," Boder, David P. (David Pablo), 1886-1961 (Interviewer)"," Collin, Olga (Transcriber)"," Boder, David P. (David Pablo), 1886-1961 (Translator)"," English, Eben (Editor)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["oral history"," interview"]}},{"label":{"en":["Inerviewee Nationality"]},"value":{"en":["France"]}},{"label":{"en":["Interviewee Gender"]},"value":{"en":["Male"]}}],"summary":{"en":[" Interview with Jacques Bramson, conducted by David P. Boder on August 16, 1946 at an ORT school in Paris, France."," Jacques Bramson was head of the ORT school in Paris when interviewed by David Boder on August 16, 1946. He was the nephew of Leonty Moiseivich Bramson, a president of ORT. Born in Russia in 1911, Jacques Bramson and his family moved to Poland after the 1917 Russian revolution and then emigrated to France in 1927. They were among a number of eastern European Jews who came to France during the inter-war period. Mr. Bramson fought in the French army during World War II and was wounded and recovered. From the very beginning of the German occupation of France, he was one of a small number who became engaged in active resistance. He eventually moved to the town of Périgueux in the southwestern portion of the country. Determined to join the Free French armed struggle against the Germans he attempted to reach North Africa. He was unsuccessful and returned to Périgueux where he headed the ORT school. As time went on, he rose to become resistance commander of the entire district surrounding Périgueux. In the interview, he provides valuable information on the ORT school's valuable contributions to the resistance, and on daily life in a resistance camp. Mr. Bramson was captured by the Germans after being wounded in a gun battle in the summer of 1943. His wounds increased the pain he experienced while enduring terrible torture by German security forces. He came perilously close to being executed but was miraculously spared only to be severely tortured again. Concealing his Jewish identity by posing as a Protestant, Mr. Bramson was ultimately sent to the infamous concentration camp Buchenwald as a French political prisoner. Had his true identity been known, his fate could have been far worse. In the latter portion of the interview, he recounts his horrific experiences in Buchenwald. He endured fifteen months of captivity in this camp, from early 1944 until his liberation by American troops in April 1945. Mr. Bramson provides information on certain aspects of the resistance activities in which he engaged while incarcerated in Buchenwald. (Some of his testimony regarding other aspects of the camp is open to question as is indicated in the footnotes.) In the face of advancing American troops, the SS evacuated thousands of prisoners, Mr. Bramson among them, from Buchenwald and sent them on death marches. He survived in part because, along with several others, he overpowered the SS guards on the march and escaped. Upon his return to France, after a period of recuperation, he rejoined ORT. Mr. Bramson's interview conveys a picture of a strong (both physically and morally), bright, cooperative, forthright and articulate individual. It is a remarkable story of courage, defiance, and luck as well as dramatic testimony to human resiliency and the capacity for regeneration. (Commentary by Elliot Lefkovitz)"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Illinois Institute of Technology"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Illinois Institute of Technology"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/039/original/IIT_Logo_stack_186_blk.png?1583422043","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/073/047/small/IMGP8810.JPG?1583169491","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - bramsonJ_9-45B_9-46_9-48_SLP.mp3"]},"duration":7157.79406,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/073/047/small/IMGP8810.JPG?1583169491","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iit.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/073/047/original/bramsonJ_9-45B_9-46_9-48_SLP.mp3?1583169491","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":7157.79406,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English translation [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] This is reproduction Spool 9-45B—the beginning of the interview with Mr. Bramson, an executive of the ORT in Paris. The interview proceeds in Russian. November 14, 1950. Boder. Chicago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,88.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Paris, dieciséis...Paris, the 16th...[pause] Paris, the 16th of August, 1946, a interview taken from Mr. Bramson, the director of ORT school at 12 Rue de Saules in Paris.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=88.0,124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [In Russian] Mr. Bramson, tell us first of all your name, your father’s name, and your age.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=124.0,133.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e My name is Jacques, my father’s name is Alexander.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=133.0,141.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=141.0,142.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was born in 1911.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=142.0,146.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Now tell me, Mr. Bramson, you are the nephew, or a relative of the Mr. Bramson, the member of the State Duma [parliament around 1908] of Russia?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=146.0,160.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, I am the son of his brother, Alexander...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=160.0,164.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What was the full name of that member of the Duma?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=164.0,167.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Leonty Moiseievich Bramson.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=167.0,169.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And from what district was he a member of the Duma?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=169.0,172.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e From the city of Kovno to the first Duma.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=172.0,175.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e From the city of Kovno to the first Duma. And afterwards what were his connections with the ORT?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=175.0,181.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e With the ORT...one may say to the extent to which the organization has previously existed in principle...ORT was put on its feet as an international organization by Leonty Moiseievich Bramson. Because it was he who exported the idea from Russia and has developed the organization on a world scale [unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=181.0,215.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now, Mr. Bramson I desire that you should tell us in an informal fashion your personal experiences and about the situation in general on the French side of Europe, from the beginning of the war to the [time of liberation]. You may sit relaxed, and simply talk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=215.0,244.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Before telling about personal experiences, I should like to present for you a picture of conditions in France after the year 1940, in other words after the armistice of Pétain. In spite of the fact that France realized that she [?] was not ready for war, we still never thought that there was such a difference in strength between Germany and France. At the beginning of the war, in 1939, we were in contact only with the German fortifications in the Saar district and with the German materielle. This materielle appeared to us not of very high quality; and possibly it was so. But the Germans used during this war completely new tactics, and they had such an abundance of this materielle that the French army was very soon decimated and the whole people and the whole country found themselves in a state of complete moral confusion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=244.0,336.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Mr. Bramson, you talk in terms of we, would you please tell us how long did you live in France that makes you feel that you have become part of the French people?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=336.0,349.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I have resided in France already for twenty years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=349.0,356.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Since 19—...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=356.0,359.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Since 1927.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=359.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Since 1927. Where did you come from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=360.0,362.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I came to France from Poland, but I must tell you that since my early childhood I was brought up to some extent in a French manner, I had a French governess, and in general in our circles French culture dominated so to speak, to some extent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=362.0,385.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e That was where, in Kovno?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=385.0,386.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, personally, I must tell you, I never lived in Kovno. I lived on the estate of my father in the Wolin district. Afterwards, we lived in Kiev and in the Crimea.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=386.0,397.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. That’s fine. Now continue with France. The German mechanical and military power...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=397.0,406.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e ....strength.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=406.0,407.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . strength.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=407.0,408.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . has smashed completely French resistance and in that moment when the countury found itself occupied by the Germans the best French elements found themselves in a state of complete moral confusion. This explains the fact that during the first period, the first year and a half one may say that the majority of the French people responded to the call of Pétain. At the beginning it was a very small group consisting predominately of the former socialist elements and of those elements who right from the start were subject to persecution which [this small group] started the work of the so to speak underground resistance within the country. In proportion...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=408.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e This was what you call the “underground”?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=480.0,483.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=483.0,484.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Well...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=484.0,485.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . I belonged to this comparatively small group. We were a few young military men.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=485.0,498.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh. You were in the French military service?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=498.0,501.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=501.0,503.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell us about it in a few words.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=503.0,504.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was drafted as a specialist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=504.0,509.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And what kind of a specialist were you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=509.0,511.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I am a specialist in what is called in French Minier artificiel, in other words a sapper specializing in mines.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=511.0,524.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What training do you have?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=524.0,526.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e By training I am a mathematician and engineer from the University of Toulouse. Besides I graduated from a military school of sappers in [Versailles?]. [word not clear, possibly incorrect]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=526.0,542.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e That was before the war?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=542.0,543.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e That was before the war, when I was complying with [compulsory] military service.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=543.0,547.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, you were in military service in France?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=547.0,549.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was in military service, I am a French subject.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=549.0,551.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=551.0,552.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was in military service in France and subsequently I was called [mobilized] just a few weeks before the beginning of the war. One could feel already that the situation was bad, and on the third day of the war I was already on German territory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=552.0,569.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And you were in officer’s uniform?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=569.0,572.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, I was what is called an aspirant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=572.0,576.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [unintelligible]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=576.0,582.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And I—nobody know anything about it—because I did not want to alarm my family—on the sixth day of the war I was already wounded at the barbed wire installations. After having been wounded I was transferred from the Saar province to the Belgian frontier.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=582.0,605.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e From what province?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=605.0,607.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e From the Saar province.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=607.0,609.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, Saar, the Saar district.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=609.0,610.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, the Saar district, I was wounded already on German territory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=610.0,613.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e All at once the Tzaar...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=613.0,615.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh no, the Saar.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=615.0,617.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e The Saar.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=617.0,618.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We were about sixteen kilometers in the German territory when we encountered the German barbed wires, during the attack in which I was wounded.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=618.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=630.0,631.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e After that I was transferred to the Belgian border where I served until the march of the French army into Belgium, on May 11th, 1940.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=631.0,646.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=646.0,647.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I belonged at that time to the First Light Panzer Division, which from the other forces between Namur and Philippeville in Belgium.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=647.0,669.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e “Panzer” division means an armored division?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=669.0,672.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=672.0,673.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=673.0,673.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e A few platoons of this division which was completely annihilated had managed to break through the German ring. I was lucky, because I belonged to one of these platoons, and I managed a few weeks later to join the French army at Compiègne.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=673.0,697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=697.0,698.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I took part in the battle of the Somme.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=698.0,701.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e In what battle?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=701.0,703.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e At the [river] Somme.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=703.0,704.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e At the Somme...yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=704.0,705.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . Where I again was lightly wounded by a shell fragment in the hand.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=705.0,709.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=709.0,709.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And after the battle of the Somme, which one may say decided the war, because there the last French was completely broken through. I took part in the retreat as far as the Loire [river]. When we arrived at the Loire, we were the rear guard contingent, all the bridges were destroyed we had to destroy our materielle, and by means of all kind of tricks get across the Loire, and afterwards we retreated as far as the city of Limoges.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=709.0,748.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=748.0,749.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e At Limoges, somewhat to the west of Limoges we learned that Pétain has requested an armistice, and I found myself in this locality at [the conclusion of] the armistice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=749.0,765.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=765.0,766.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The German armies were approaching the district and for this reason we moved southward, because we did not want to be taken as prisoners of war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=766.0,776.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=776.0,777.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=777.0,778.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now tell me, did they know in the French army that you were a Jew?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=778.0,781.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=781.0,781.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And how were you treated?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=781.0,783.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Our General was a Jew, and we...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=783.0,786.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Who...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=786.0,787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e What?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=787.0,788.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . What was his name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=788.0,790.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . his name [\u003cem\u003ehesitates\u003c/em\u003e] I don’t recall, it ended on...there is a large number of Jews who are named after Lorraine cities with the ending of “ange.” So something like Orange, Creange, something like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=790.0,814.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Could you possibly find out that name for me?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=814.0,818.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I shall try, there was quite a large number of us, I know that in my battalion there were about ten [\u003cem\u003ecorrecting himself\u003c/em\u003e] four Jews.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=818.0,828.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=828.0,829.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Of those one was a captain, two lieutenants and I was an aspirant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=829.0,835.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e You consider that a “large number”? What is the percent of the Jewish population in France?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=835.0,840.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e One has to figure that before the war there were in France a hundred and twenty French Jews [c\u003cem\u003eorrecting himself\u003c/em\u003e] a hundred and twenty thousand French Jews and about two hundred and fifty thousand foreign Jews.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=840.0,855.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And what is the whole population of France?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=855.0,859.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The whole population of France was considered 41 million.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=859.0,862.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e All right, now continue. You were retreating, and the armistice caught up with you, where?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=862.0,869.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Somewhat southwest of Limoges.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=869.0,873.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=873.0,873.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e There I was discharged, and since I had been working before at a plant belonging to the aviation industry, I was ordered to find that plant and to present myself to that plant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=873.0,888.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Who ordered you...the French?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=888.0,890.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, after the demobilization. With this purpose I departed for Vichy, where completely by accident I found my family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=890.0,898.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Of whom did your family consist?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=898.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e There was Leonty Moiesievich Bramson...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=900.0,903.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=903.0,904.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The president of the ORT, my uncle, his wife, his daughter, and I found there as well some relatives on my mother’s side, who were there and who lived there. They fled from Paris during the war before the German occupation, and had settled in Vichy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=904.0,922.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Vichy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=922.0,924.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=924.0,924.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And the headquarters of the ORT also was moved there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=924.0,926.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Completely. The headquarters of the ORT and the OSE were located there in a hotel, in one and the same building.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=926.0,933.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e The ORT and the OSE?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=933.0,934.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . and the OSE.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=934.0,935.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you manage to transport your files?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=935.0,938.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Everything was evacuated from Paris. And in Paris remained only two schools which continued to exist. The one where you are at present at Rue de Saules, and the other a school for mechanics on Rue de [unintelligible], but all the offices were transferred to Vichy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=938.0,957.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now continue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=957.0,960.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e During the period of demobilization a whole group of young military men decided to organize a kind of group for common action because we still hoped that resistance will continue in North Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=960.0,986.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=986.0,986.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I belonged to that group of young military, and when after Vichy I got to Marseille, a member of this group contacted, and asked me to organize in Marseille a cell for the purpose of transfer of military men to North Africa. It happened at that time I worked in a factory which manufactured all kinds of fruit products, from oriental fruits; I made those...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=986.0,1021.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [unintelligible, reference is made to the kind of products]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1021.0,1022.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [unintelligible, repeats the last word] etc.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1022.0,1024.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1024.0,1024.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And I became the foreman of one section, and that was of great help, because I was able to assemble a very substantial number of young French airmen [hire or hide?] them as workers in this plant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1024.0,1042.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Were you occupying such a position that you hire workers?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1042.0,1045.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, I hired, since I was in charge of the atelier. I hired the workers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1045.0,1049.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e An atelier is what—a shop.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1049.0,1051.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e A shop, yes. And afterwards, and after that I was shipping them within limits of possibility, in all kinds of little vessels, etc. toward North Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1051.0,1068.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. To French Morocco?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1068.0,1071.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, from the start they mostly were going to Tunisia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1071.0,1077.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e To Tunisia...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1077.0,1078.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . because in Morocco and Algeria the situation was significantly more difficult, because there were stationed directly German commissions of control which were especially afraid of English landings in this region. Tunisia was more under Italian control, this control was much more negligent, and moreover the Tunisian administration was not so rapidly revamped in Vichy style, like the others. The period comparatively...this happened at the beginning of the war, the number of people we sent across was comparatively small, since the army...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1078.0,1141.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How many?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1141.0,1142.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Well we must estimate that during that whole period there were shipped across about a thousand men.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1142.0,1148.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1148.0,1149.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1149.0,1149.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1149.0,1149.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They were mostly aviators and artillery men, and many officers. These were the only elements which we were asked to ship across the army of de Gaulle since that army at the time had neither sufficient armaments nor supplies, and did not yet realize its possibilities. Afterwards the transportation [of men] became more substantial, but the sea lanes had become completely blocked for us and we had to take recourse to the Spanish border. This period was significantly more difficult. Vichy has managed to reorganize its police force, and one nice morning I had the unpleasant surprise to be transferred for a day and a half to the fortress of Marseille. I had the good fortune to be arrested at the same time as the son of a prominent French general, who took immediately the necessary steps. And since he could not have been set free alone, I also was released at the same time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1149.0,1232.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And he too belonged to the movement?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1232.0,1235.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e He too belonged to this organization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1235.0,1237.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1237.0,1238.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was compelled to stop for a few months, for a few weeks, my activities. This happened to coincide with the difficult period of the death of Leonty Moiseievich Bramson.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1238.0,1254.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Where was he buried?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1254.0,1256.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They buried him in Marseille. He was buried in Marseille.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1256.0,1259.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How old was he?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1259.0,1261.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e He was—I could tell you exactly—about seventy years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1261.0,1268.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Not older?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1268.0,1269.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1269.0,1270.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1270.0,1270.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e He was seventy-one if I am not mistaken.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1270.0,1274.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1274.0,1274.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In addition I was offered at that time the job of manager of the laboratory of the ORT school for electro-mechanics in Marseille. [A few words not clear—ending with “excuse me”]. I accepted this job because I felt that I could not remain any longer in Marseille, since the police was watching me rather persistently. I left for Périgueux where I made contact with the first organizations of resistance. I made contact primarily with the largest French organization—Condar [?].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1274.0,1326.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1326.0,1328.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I requested that I be transferred to Africa, so that I could afterwards reach equatorial Africa, or England. I was already assigned space on a little steamer so that I should be landed in a little port [?] not far from Gibraltar. I went to Marseille, took my place on the steamer...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1328.0,1369.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e In the capacity of an employee?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1369.0,1370.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, in the capacity—I was hidden in the engine room.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1370.0,1374.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, like a stowaway?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1374.0,1377.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, in an illegal manner.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1377.0,1379.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1379.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Unfortunately in the last moment the police appeared on board, nearly all my comrades were caught, and since I am a good swimmer, I threw myself into the sea, I managed to swim a short distance under water and hide in a boat. I was pulled out of the water by a port employee, who hid me for a day and a half and afterwards he managed to ship me out of the port right from under the nose of the police. I returned to Périgueux, where I reported about my unsuccessful trip and about the arrest of my comrades. I...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1380.0,1436.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Where did you hide on the steamer that you were found?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1436.0,1439.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e On the steamer I...things happened this way. The steamer was already hitched to the tug, ready to leave...In the last moment there was apparently a denunciation—and in the last moment the police arrived.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1439.0,1457.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1457.0,1458.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We were...already before the police made its round on the steamer and we were hidden in a compartment near the engines. There was a steel closet where one could sit through for a few hours...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1458.0,1475.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How many people [men] were you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1475.0,1477.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We were four people and one woman.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1477.0,1481.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well [\u003cem\u003elaughing\u003c/em\u003e] you mean men...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1481.0,1483.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Of course four men and one woman.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1483.0,1486.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1486.0,1487.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And one of our comrades, when the police departed, i.e., after the first inspection, they left, and he went up [on deck] to smoke a cigarette and all at once he started yelling that an automobile with police is approaching. My friends lost their heads, they came out on deck and when the first policeman jumped on board they immediately raised their hands.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1487.0,1525.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e They surrendered?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1525.0,1526.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They surrendered. I hid behind some packages that were lying there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1526.0,1536.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Behind the luggage?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1536.0,1537.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Behind the luggage and when only the uniformed police remained on deck and the secret police went down to search the steamer, because somebody had confessed that there was still one more person whom they have not yet arrested. I took advantage [of the moment] to jump into water.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1537.0,1558.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So...Did people see you jumping into the water?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1558.0,1561.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In all probability nobody saw me except the man who was later hiding me, who was on the pier. He was an employee of the port.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1561.0,1568.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1568.0,1569.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I swam under water several meters, and hid behind a boat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1569.0,1576.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What time of the day was it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1576.0,1578.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e This was about one o’clock in the daytime.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1578.0,1582.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1582.0,1583.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The steamer was to depart in the morning, but it was delayed, on account of all the control, and inspection, etc.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1583.0,1591.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1591.0,1591.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e It was about half past one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1591.0,1593.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1593.0,1594.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e He hid me, that employee, in his boat, and as I have told you already he got me out the next day morning.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1594.0,1601.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1601.0,1602.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e As I already told you I returned to Périgueux, reported about it to the movement and when I made again my application to go to North Africa, I was told that the process of shipment has lost interest for us, and that people are needed right here. In a few weeks I received orders of comrades whom I considered my superiors...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1602.0,1638.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1638.0,1639.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e To make contacts with the “organizations” in the region.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1639.0,1646.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh. That was in what year?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1646.0,1649.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e That was just at the beginning of 1942.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1649.0,1655.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1655.0,1656.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The organization...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1656.0,1662.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [A few words of question and answer are unintelligible.]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1662.0,1668.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e At the beginning of 1942 an event took place which caused...which became well known. Several English officers who had parachuted down, who were assigned to reconnaissance in France, and a French deputy [member of parliament] who was one of the first to organize the resistance—by the way, he was a Jew...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1668.0,1704.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1704.0,1705.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e His name was Pierre Block.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1705.0,1707.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1707.0,1708.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . were arrested and transferred to one of thelagers in our district.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1708.0,1715.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And Pierre Block?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1715.0,1718.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Pierre Block too. In this district was located a concentration camp.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1718.0,1727.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [unintelligible]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1727.0,1728.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, that was near Périgueux, and was called Muzac [?]. And they were held in this lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1728.0,1737.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Unoccupied France?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1737.0,1739.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e That was in unoccupied region; and we were given the assignment to liberate them, and give them an opportunity to get across to Africa. This was so to speak the first...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1739.0,1761.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . concrete?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1761.0,1762.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . a concrete, armed task assigned to our organization. We managed to accomplish it most successfully, an English plane was on hand at a pre-arranged place. We managed to accomplish it in a rather original fashion. We masqueraded as gendarmes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1762.0,1789.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1789.0,1790.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We arrived at the lager with forged papers and they handed over to us those people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1790.0,1797.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Who were handed over?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1797.0,1799.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e If I am not mistaken, seven Englishmen, Mr. Block and one more, altogether nine men.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1799.0,1805.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e They handed them over. You masqueraded in French uniforms?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1805.0,1810.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In French uniforms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1810.0,1812.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [unintelligible]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1812.0,1812.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, in gendarmes’ uniforms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1812.0,1815.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And where did you get the uniforms?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1815.0,1817.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, very many members of the gendarmerie were active in our organization. Even several members [of the organization] worked in that camp in capacity of officers and the like.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1817.0,1831.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e They were on your side?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1831.0,1833.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They were on our side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1833.0,1834.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [unintelligible]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1834.0,1838.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Everything came out all right. We only had to disarm afterwards one of the gendarmes of the lager, because we wanted to give things a more important appearance, requested a few more men for the escort.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1838.0,1862.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And so?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1862.0,1864.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, one of them resulted to be a fool, he started a row. We gagged him with a few handkerchiefs, and we dumped him in a place ten kilometers from [unintelligible], in the forest, and subsequently he managed to return. And the others requested that they too be shipped to England together with the English men.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1864.0,1888.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And they took them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1888.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They took them. They returned afterwards and are now serving as officers in Indochina.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1890.0,1898.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now tell me...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1898.0,1899.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1899.0,1900.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Where was the plane?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1900.0,1903.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e This plane was located...much before the English had requested that we should point out to them some localities where planes could land.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1903.0,1921.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1921.0,1922.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We supplied information by radios to a number of such places.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1922.0,1926.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1926.0,1927.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And we agreed that on one of these places the plane would land.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1927.0,1938.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Was it a large plane?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1938.0,1940.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e It was a rather large plane.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1940.0,1943.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How many people did he take on?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1943.0,1945.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The plane took on nine people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1945.0,1950.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1950.0,1951.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e It was badly overloaded when he took them on, but it was a two-engine plane.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1951.0,1958.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. How long [how many days] was that plane in France before he took them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1958.0,1965.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, no. He landed only a few...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1965.0,1967.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . hours?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1967.0,1968.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . hours, maybe only a few minutes before, I an unable to tell you, because I participated only in the first part of this action.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1968.0,1976.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e You did not deliver them to the plane?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1976.0,1978.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, we delivered them to the plane, but I was already not present.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1978.0,1983.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e At the take-off?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1983.0,1983.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was not present at the take-off. But I...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1983.0,1986.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you see the plane?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1986.0,1987.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I did not, but my comrades told me about it. My task consisted in...we afterwards had a little organization, which was put in charge to remove secretly the automobile in which these people were transported...all of them...the automobile which delivered them...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1987.0,2016.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . delivered them to the plane. That means you parted where, in the automobile?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2016.0,2020.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, well, as soon as they departed from the prison, I did not see them anymore. And two days later I heard a speech by Pierre Block which he delivered over the English Radio, over BBC. [\u003cem\u003elaughter\u003c/em\u003e]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2020.0,2039.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Was there a possibility to hear here BBC clearly?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2039.0,2042.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No. The German authorities as well as the authorities of Vichy endeavored to jam by all means these [underground] stations. But there were always one or two stations which one could hear reasonably well in France, and so we had our information regularly, and one may say 90% of the French population listened to the English radio.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2042.0,2079.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2079.0,2079.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Our movement began to grow. At the end of ’42 we organized the first Maquis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2079.0,2097.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh. What does the word Maquis mean?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2097.0,2102.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Maquis means in French a brush covered impassable tract, a jungle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2102.0,2113.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2113.0,2114.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e It means a jungle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2114.0,2118.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, it means people who worked in the jungles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2118.0,2123.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, that was at first. But afterwards the meaning was expanded. The word Maquis, meant that we were hiding our young people in all kind of impassable places—be it in the mountains, be it in the forests.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2123.0,2139.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2139.0,2140.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Or in some other places.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2140.0,2141.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e That means the partisans of the mountains and the hills.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2141.0,2146.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The partisans. Now at first...we had no arms, so we mostly were hiding those people whom the government of Vichy wanted to send away to work in Germany, and we hid the prisoners of war who managed to escape from German imprisonment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2146.0,2165.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2165.0,2166.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We also were hiding those people who were persecuted. At that time they did not readily join the Maquis. The conditions of life for the Maquis were very, very hard, and the Jews would not come there, save in extreme cases. Our contingent consisted mainly of former military [men], former war prisoners, and first of all of youths who did not want to go to work in Germany.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2166.0,2204.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now what, were you simply hiding them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2204.0,2206.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e From the start we were hiding them, and with the help of the local population, whom we had subjected to our propaganda, we were feeding them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2206.0,2217.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2217.0,2218.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Then follows the year of 1942, the landing in [?] England, and a colossal increase [in scope] of our organization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2218.0,2232.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e That happened where?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2232.0,2234.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The English and Americans in Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2234.0,2237.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, in Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2237.0,2238.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . in Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2238.0,2239.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Casablanca...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2239.0,2240.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2240.0,2241.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And North Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2241.0,2242.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Then...still before that, the French people experienced a colossal change of heart. People saw what [kind of people] the Germans were. The period of low spirit and passivity in the French people...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2242.0,2265.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2265.0,2265.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . which lasted the first year and a half had passed. People began to show passive resistance. Moreover they saw that all the speeches of Pétain, all his appeals, were a matter of propaganda. And the whole peasant population with some minor exceptions, who unfortunately did us a great deal of harm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2265.0,2297.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e The exceptions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2297.0,2299.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, the exceptions [the majority of peasants] rendered us substantial help. I must tell you, if not for the help for the population all our organizations would not have existed at all. One should not forget, one should not forget that we had to feed hundreds and hundreds of people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2299.0,2321.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] This concludes...this concludes Spool 45 of the report of Mr. Bramson, and we shall continue on Spool 46. Paris, August, 194— [tape break] Paris, August, 1946, the 16th of August. We are changing spools for the continuation of Mr. Bramson’s report.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2321.0,2374.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eHERMAN BARNETT:\u003c/strong\u003e Spool 46, Spool 46. Recording starts in about one minute. Spool 46, this is Herman Barnett.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2374.0,2457.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e This is Spool 46. This is Spool 46. Mr. Bramson continues. Paris, August the 16th, 1946, at the school of ORT, 12 rue de Saules...you say it in French?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2457.0,2482.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [In Russian] Jacques Alexandrovich, you say in French.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2482.0,2486.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [In French]...12 rue de Saules à Paris.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2486.0,2488.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e 12 rue de Saules à Paris. [unintelligible]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2488.0,2492.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] A recording of the Illinois Institute of Technology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2492.0,2495.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [In Russian] And so you told us about the peaceful population; those who were on the side of the Germans who were small in number have harmed you a great deal, but that the rest of the population had helped you to maintain the Maquis, who were mostly escapees from the labor draft and who were afraid of the French [authorities], and that at that time there were but few Jews among the Maquis. Now please continue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2495.0,2527.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I just told you that a change of heart has taken place among the French population. A very important factor in this shift of attitude was the mass deportations of Jews in July of 1942. This fact made on the French population a very deep impression. There were demonstrations of students in Paris, there were protests...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2527.0,2564.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Against the deportations?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2564.0,2565.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . against the deportations. In Paris many students were arrested and sent to lagers together with the Jews. In the little town of Périgueux d’Azel [?] crowds of people gathered on the street and literally wept when they saw what was happening.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2565.0,2589.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell us in detail about the procedure of the arrests of the Jews and the procedure of their deportation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2589.0,2596.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e As to the procedure of the Jewish arrests there were two procedures. One procedure was followed in the invaded region, in the region occupied by the Germans. In this region the police force was completely under German control, and they had completely to follow instructions. As individuals [in individual cases] the police often forewarned the people, or if they failed to find somebody they were not very persistent. As to the non-occupied zone everything depended exclusively on the chief of the local police. There were such regions, for instance in our district where the majority of the police...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2596.0,2649.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Wait a minute [apparently something went wrong with the recorder and the interviewer continues after adjusting the recorder] there were such districts...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2649.0,2658.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e For instance like ours, where the majority of the police were members of our organization. There out of six thousand people threatened by arrest and out of eight hundred people of whom they had specific orders for arrest, only a hundred and fifty were arrested. And they were satisfied [with this number]. But there were other cities where the chiefs of police either belonged to the anti-Semitic elements—there the arrests were complete and whoever was unable to hide, was arrested.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2658.0,2706.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now, here I have a ticklish question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2706.0,2708.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2708.0,2709.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Suppose they had to arrest eight hundred or a thousand people...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2709.0,2719.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2719.0,2720.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e They arrest a hundred and fifty because they sympathize [with the victims]. Who then were those one hundred and fifty? Who were these scapegoats so to speak?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2720.0,2724.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e These scapegoats were people who did not hide in time; because things proceeded this way; I can tell you exactly because I myself was doing exactly these things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2724.0,2737.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2737.0,2738.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Some days before the big raid we received a communication that some kind of a raid is in the offing. Against whom was not known exactly. There were rumors that buses were concentrated, that the police force was concentrated, etc. At the same time, we heard with certainty, an employee of the prefecture has informed us that the police of Limoges had sent a demand for a list of all foreign Jews who lived in the region of Périgueux.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2738.0,2783.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What police?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2783.0,2784.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . of the city of...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2784.0,2786.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Say it in French.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2786.0,2787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [He says it in French. I do not recall at present why I made such a request.] The chief of police of Limoges had demanded the list of all foreign Jews located in the district of Périgueux. We then understood that the matter refers to the Jews. We knew already that such raids had taken place in the occupied part, and therefore we communicated, within our possibilities, to all Jews that they be on guard and that they should not stay overnight in their own homes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2787.0,2826.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Where then could they spend the night?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2826.0,2828.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They stayed overnight with neighbors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2828.0,2830.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e With...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2830.0,2831.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e With Christians. With French Jews, who were not molested, because these measures at the beginning affected only the foreign Jews. Other few went to the parks, and spent the night in the parks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2831.0,2848.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What time of the year did that happen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2848.0,2850.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e It happened in July 1942.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2850.0,2853.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. The end of July...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2853.0,2855.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e There were elements who did not heed our warnings. And these elements since...since a few hundred scapegoats were needed, predominantly these elements came to suffer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2855.0,2869.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2869.0,2870.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I may say that most of the arrested were children, women...and adults. Because from the start people were under the impression that they will look only for men. They would hide and would leave the women and children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2870.0,2885.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, you mean they took the adult women and the children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2885.0,2888.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes the men would hide and leave at home the children and wives. So they took the women and children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2888.0,2897.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2897.0,2898.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The treatment of the arrested also depended on the local chief of police. At the beginning the treatment was in most cases very correct. But there were districts as well where the police did not behave decently.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2898.0,2919.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. When they removed the people, what was done with their things?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2919.0,2926.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e One may say about this that in the occupied zone their apartments were sealed, and that was in the competence of a special German liquidation committee on Jewish affairs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2926.0,2942.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Did they have Jewish employees?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2942.0,2945.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, they had no Jewish employees, that was the business of the French police and the Gestapo.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2945.0,2952.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. What did they...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2952.0,2955.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They mostly removed all things of value and permitted the rest to be looted. The valuable things they would liquidate themselves, selling them, and the rest they would abandon.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2955.0,2964.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e To be looted?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2964.0,2966.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, well, to be looted in an unofficial manner.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2966.0,2968.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2968.0,2969.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e As to the unoccupied zone, the police were more broadminded, they would give a chance to relatives to take things or would hand it over to the Jewish organizations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2969.0,2983.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now if one was deported, why were his relatives not deported?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2983.0,2987.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Well that is how things occur in general. Say there was a raid...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2987.0,2992.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2992.0,2992.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e For three days people would hide, on the fourth day the raid was over, they would return again and live for six months in peace. Afterwards the raids would start again and so on. There were periods of lull and again of action.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2992.0,3008.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well. Please do not forget to explain to me at the end the graph about ORT, about the attendance of the schools.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3008.0,3016.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I would be glad to explain it to you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3016.0,3018.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Fine. Now then...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3018.0,3019.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In general, as I have told you already, this has made a very strong impression on the people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3019.0,3026.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e On the French?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3026.0,3027.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e On the French. And the government for a time even reversed its course. For a time, official—there were official communiqués that these measures affect exclusively the foreigner—that they were the undesirable elements, etc. So that...but people came to view all this [these explanations] with great incredulity. After these raids significantly large Jewish elements appeared among the Maquis. There began to appear the Jewish youth. And then, as I have told you before, the Maquis represented a rather organized force at the time of the American-English landing in Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3027.0,3075.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So you had contact with those Maquis?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3075.0,3080.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3080.0,3081.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Would you please describe a day in the life of the Maquis?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3081.0,3088.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I shall describe it to you because subsequently I was in command of an entire district.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3088.0,3095.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Hum.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3095.0,3096.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In my lager, I must tell you...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3096.0,3101.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean by lager, lager was...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3101.0,3104.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The lager which I shall describe to you, because I know this one best, since I spent there nine months and since there was located there our General Staff, was located forty kilometers from the city of Périgueux. It was located deep in the woods on a mountain from which the roads were well under control [in view]. To reach this lager, as we called it lager, for a person not initiated, was absolutely impossible. I myself lost my way four, five times.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3104.0,3139.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Hum.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3139.0,3139.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . on my way there. We were in that lager two hundred people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3139.0,3144.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3144.0,3145.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We lived there...two hundred people; of these about thirty people worked at our headquarters, we had there radio communication, we had an intercommunicating telephone [system], we had in this lager subsurface stores of ammunition...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3145.0,3166.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Where did you get your ammunition from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3166.0,3167.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We got our ammunition by two methods. When the Germans upon their arrival, dissolved the French army of the non-occupied zone, this army did not surrender its arms, but hid it. They hid mainly the stocks, and since much of it...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3167.0,3191.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e They hid what?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3191.0,3192.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . the stocks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3192.0,3193.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And what is that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3193.0,3194.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . that is what was in the “stores” [supply dumps].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3194.0,3196.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3196.0,3197.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English]...the ammunition dumps.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3197.0,3198.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [In Russian] The stores of supplies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3198.0,3199.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . the supplies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3199.0,3200.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Subsequently a large number of officers and soldiers of the army went over to us. In proportion, they represented an insignificant proportion—because they [the army] were people accustomed to discipline and once they were ordered to do nothing, they did nothing. But at any rate, these were elements which went over to our side, and these elements informed us where we could obtain arms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3200.0,3226.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3226.0,3227.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Besides, although we got hold of arms, there were certain things which we could not obtain. For instance small arms such as small automatic [\u003cem\u003ecorrecting himself\u003c/em\u003e] automats as they were called.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3227.0,3245.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e That is what? Automatic arms?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3245.0,3247.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, the little ones.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3247.0,3248.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3248.0,3249.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English]...automatic rifles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3249.0,3250.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [In Russian] Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3250.0,3250.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3250.0,3251.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e So these things we could not get. On the other hand we had a good quantity of more heavy arms, such as heavy machine guns, golubitzes [a Russian term], etc.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3251.0,3263.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Golubitzes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3263.0,3264.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Golubitzes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3264.0,3265.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Golubitzes—they are what—mortars? [The English word is obviously “howitzer.”]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3265.0,3267.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Mortars.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3267.0,3267.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, mortars.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3267.0,3268.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, and by that time the English were already parachuting in the region of the Alps...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3268.0,3276.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3276.0,3276.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . a rather large quantity of arms. And so we were able to exchange our heavy arms for lighter ones which were transported in those regions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3276.0,3288.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e With whom did you exchange it, with other Maquis?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3288.0,3290.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e With other Maquis, and transported...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3290.0,3293.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How come you “exchanged,” would they not have given you it to you without exchange?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3293.0,3295.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Well they too needed arms. Moreover a large quantity of arms originated in the German storehouses, which we attacked and looted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3295.0,3307.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e You...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3307.0,3308.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . which we raided.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3308.0,3311.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3311.0,3311.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We got also much from killed Germans, with whom we had brawls.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3311.0,3317.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So, you hid [?] from the Germans. And how did you live, in tents?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3317.0,3323.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We even had no tents. We were not that rich. Mostly we constructed “houses” from branches.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3323.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e You constructed houses...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3330.0,3332.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . from branches.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3332.0,3333.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . huts...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3333.0,3335.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Huts in a way. We were lucky to have among us many lumberjacks, because somehow all lumberjacks were on our side, and they taught us to build all these dwellings.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3335.0,3348.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now, were there not among the Maquis people militarily unfit, as for example [some] Jews.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3348.0,3353.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, the Jews with us were all militarily fit. Those militarily unfit we could not accept. Life was so hard that those of poor health would not hold out more than a week or ten days.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3353.0,3366.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And how would you get your food supplies?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3366.0,3370.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e As to food supplies, the local population used to come to our assistance. This occurred in the following way. We had in all villages underground...underground organizations. These underground organizations gathered the products from the peasant, or purchased the products, and delivered them to prearranged places. At night small details of us, proceeded to these points, and either by automobiles, or on their backs transferred all these products to the lagers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3370.0,3410.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3410.0,3411.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We had organized our own slaughter house, because the peasants supplied us with cattle. We had organized our kitchens—and in general we had a real military organization. The days, the day passed in a simple manner. They were called at six o’clock. They were given half an hour to wash and breakfast, at seven o’clock was inspection.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3411.0,3437.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How about water? Was there any water?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3437.0,3438.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, we chose our locations not far from a river.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3438.0,3443.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3443.0,3444.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e At seven o’clock was inspection, and appell. That means everybody without exception was assembled before the flag. The flag was raised.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3444.0,3455.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Did Pétain change the French flag?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3455.0,3458.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Pétain left the same color.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3458.0,3462.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [\u003cem\u003ecorrecting] Colors\u003c/em\u003e.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3462.0,3463.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Colors. The French flag has remained. Only the inscriptions—were, they read before “République Française” meaning the French Republic, they were now changed to the words “État Français” meaning the French Country. Moreover, before all French government agencies had on their seal Marianne.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3463.0,3490.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3490.0,3491.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e That is the woman who symbolizes France. Pétain substituted for this woman symbol—a Fascist emblem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3491.0,3501.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3501.0,3503.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e That was not a swastika, it consisted of two crossed axes which were chopping the head off the international [?] hydra.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3503.0,3508.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3508.0,3509.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And now before the flag...they were also informed about the communications which were received overnight by radio.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3509.0,3513.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3513.0,3516.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Right after that a part, half of them were occupied with various chores in the lager, construction, etc. and the other half would go out on maneuvers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3516.0,3543.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Did they wear a uniform?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3543.0,3545.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The uniform we have improvised. We managed to.... in different lagers there were different uniforms. We managed to attack a lager, a French one, where we found very many tunics, and so our detachments were uniformed, even very well uniformed. In other districts our poor young people were nearly going around barefooted. They had completely nothing. We were lucky, because we managed...first, we managed once to attack several German trucks which were transporting from a shoe factory a large quantity of boots and shoes, and so we were able...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3545.0,3603.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . to supply...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3603.0,3604.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . to supply a complete division. Besides we managed also in one lager—and for that purpose we had to stage a raid two hundred fifty kilometers away—and we managed to bring over three large trucks of tunics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3604.0,3626.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3626.0,3628.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And in this manner it may be said that a few months before my arrest, when already more serious military operations had begun, our lager and all Maquis in general in our district were more or less well-clad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3628.0,3646.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Good...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3646.0,3647.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Unfortunately we were only half-armed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3647.0,3650.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now let us return to the story. You told us that after the raids...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3650.0,3656.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3656.0,3656.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e The first raids were directed against the Jews, and the Jews became more...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3656.0,3661.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . cautious.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3661.0,3662.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . cautious, and started paying more attention to the Maquis. Well, now continue from here...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3662.0,3667.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I must tell you after these first raids, the Jews who until then were suffering all their misfortunes with relative passivity—they also underwent a change of heart. The Jewish youth was taken by a much stronger desire than before, because they saw that resistance is developing in the world. They felt that America will enter the war; subsequently they saw that she entered the war. And now they were taken by an active desire to resist. Until the time when I had to leave the city for good, because my activities have been discovered, I was teaching in the ORT school in Périgueux.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3667.0,3722.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How far is Périgueux from Vichy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3722.0,3724.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Two hundred fifty kilometers from Vichy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3724.0,3727.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And from Paris?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3727.0,3729.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And from Paris about four hundred kilometers. Périgueux is located between the city of \u003cannotation number=\"140\"\u003eLimoges and the city of Bordeaux. And so among these young people, young people between fourteen and twenty-five years of age, among them appeared a desire to actively fight [?] against the Nazis, and I succeeded in organizing of the more reliable elements a complete young detail which remained with me to the end. And I must tell you that...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3729.0,3765.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e To the end you mean up to your arrest?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3765.0,3770.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . up to my liberation. And I must tell you that this was the only normal way out of the situation. Among this young group who were fighting, who took chances with their lives, were significantly less casualties than among the Jews, than among the Jews who were hiding or were sitting with their hands crossed, waiting to be arrested. In proportion there were significantly less losses [among them]. I must tell you that as to the ORT school in Périgueux—it gave account of itself afterward, in the line of resistance. Because we were completely deprived of any kind of radio equipment. At that time we were unable to organize any kind of communication.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3770.0,3818.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e For the Maquis?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3818.0,3820.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e For the Maquis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3820.0,3820.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3820.0,3821.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And the first sets for the Maquis, receivers as well as transmitters, were constructed in our school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3821.0,3829.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English]...for transmission and for reception...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3829.0,3831.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . reception.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3831.0,3831.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . were built in the ORT school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3831.0,3833.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . school","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3833.0,3834.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3834.0,3834.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [In Russian] And then the young boy who constructed most of the equipment was subsequently arrested, deported, and perished in Germany. This was a sixteen-year-old boy. His last name was Kahn. He was a young...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3834.0,3849.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What was his first name? Kahn...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3849.0,3852.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e His first name I don’t...Jean Pierre, if I am not mistaken. Jean Pierre Kahn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3852.0,3858.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Jean Pierre...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3858.0,3859.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e He was a young Alsatian Jew.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3859.0,3861.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3861.0,3862.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And he, that is he with the help of our instructor constructed this equipment. In addition we had in our school...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3862.0,3869.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And who was the instructor?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3869.0,3871.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The instructor was a Frenchman, Marcel Guidor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3871.0,3874.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e He knew about it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3874.0,3876.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, yes, yes, I initiated him into the conspiracy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3876.0,3879.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3879.0,3880.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e At the end very many of our students were given medals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3880.0,3885.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3885.0,3886.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e One of these young men is now with me in this school. He has two nedels [\u003cem\u003ecorrecting himself\u003c/em\u003e] two medals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3886.0,3895.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Already after liberation?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3895.0,3896.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Yes. After liberation. He was taken prisoner, deported and has returned. Also a large quantity of arms was repaired in our school, in our mechanical shops: machine guns, rifles, revolvers. We reconstructed parts for mortars, etc. All that was done at night, and of course all that was entrusted to the young people whom we could trust completely. There were not many of them; five, six people; and these five, six people were doing a remarkable job.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3896.0,3932.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3932.0,3935.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3935.0,3936.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Does the French government now recognize it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3936.0,3939.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The French government has recognized it, because all these young men after my return—I made a report about it—all of them were rewarded with decorations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3939.0,3951.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3951.0,3952.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Perished...and so resistance began to be organized seriously at the end of ’42. The period of initial organization was over. And then started the open fight. This open fight was led by many methods. First of all the terror activities. It was accepted that the Germans should not be in peace, that they should feel in France as if on a volcano, and for this reason either their automobiles were attacked, or mines were placed under trains, or the quarters of the Gestapo, were bombed, or the staff offices, etc.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3952.0,4014.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now tell me, what were the consequences of such attacks for the “peaceful” population.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4014.0,4019.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The results were very great.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4019.0,4022.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e On the peaceful population?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4022.0,4023.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e On the peaceful population. I must tell you that at the end things [acts of resistance] became so numerous that the Germans were unable to react properly. At the beginning they took hostages...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4023.0,4036.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4036.0,4037.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They shot hostages.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4037.0,4039.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e The Maquis knew that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4039.0,4040.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The Maquis knew that. Afterward, they seeing that the results were in the reverse direction...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4040.0,4046.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, negative results?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4046.0,4048.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . negative results, they ceased to take hostages directly but said that they were arresting Jews, or communists, etc. In fact they took any people they could lay their hands on. Well when the shootings...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4048.0,4059.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Did they shoot people in public?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4059.0,4063.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Not in public, but they would hang out enormous posters [notifying] that such and such hostages were shot. When they saw that all creates an unfavorable impression, they organized large camps and started to deport all these hostages to a center in Compiègne from which they were re-transported to Auschwitz, Buchenwald, Mauthausen, to all these famous lagers in Germany, where they perished as well. Because only twenty percent of the deportees, have returned. And for the Jews this percentage was still less, because of the hundred and ten thousand Jews deported from France to Germany only about six thousand people have returned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4063.0,4120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e About six thousand.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4120.0,4121.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e About six thousand people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4121.0,4123.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] Of a hundred and ten thousand deported Jews from France there returned approximately six thousand.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4123.0,4134.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [In Russian] Go on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4134.0,4135.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: We pondered over this question for a long, long time, but we decided that we could not stop [the acts of sabotage against the Germans]. We only took recourse to the following measure: we never tried to provoke acts which would lead to a large number of victims among the Germans, in order not to provoke in them excessive wrath. We endeavoured not to attack all kinds of organizations of second order, which did not possess purely police functions. We used to take [one word not clear].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4135.0,4176.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . which did not have...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4176.0,4177.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e purely police...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4177.0,4178.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Then you used to attack organizations which did possess police functions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4178.0,4181.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . police functions, or industrial functions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4181.0,4183.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4183.0,4183.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The terrorist task was the so-called sabotage. Such factories which still permitted the Germans to work in France.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4183.0,4199.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [correcting] which the Germans permitted...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4199.0,4201.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, yes, the Germans, they worked so to speak for Germany.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4201.0,4206.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4206.0,4207.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Especially the French metallurgical industry, and first of all the French automobile industry. And now we started to sabotage. The most famous act of sabotage was the destruction [by explosion] of the transformer at the largest metallurgical plant in France: Creusot. From then on Creusot did not work anymore.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4207.0,4231.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And it is still not working?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4231.0,4233.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, it was now repaired and in ’44 it was again put in commission.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4233.0,4240.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e When the Germans left?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4240.0,4241.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e When the Germans left. But between ’42 and the year ’44 the factory [?] worked exactly one week, after the [first] sabotage it interrupted its work and after the second sabotage the Germans decided not to use it anymore [unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4241.0,4257.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now tell me what happened to the workers who were thrown out of work when such a factory would stop. How many workers did the factory at Creusot have?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4257.0,4269.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The factory of Creusot did not have that time a very large number of workers, but there were about ten thousand.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4269.0,4275.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . ten...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4275.0,4275.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In normal times there were significantly more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4275.0,4277.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4277.0,4278.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e As to the workers they were first of all immediately utilized locally, in order to put the factory again in commission.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4278.0,4285.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4285.0,4287.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e But we endeavored as far as possible to set free en route the workers who were sent to Germany. I must tell you about a funny incident about a young man who was at the head of a transport in which there were about eight hundred men. When he arrived in the city of Limoges which is located about eighty kilometers from the city of Périgueux there remained exactly sixty people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4287.0,4331.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How were they liberated?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4331.0,4333.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Along the railroad tracks were stationed small detachments of partisans, and we ordered the workers to “pull” the brakes. The train stopped five or six times, and they jumped off. When the French police attempted to intervene, instantly would appear a detail of partisans, and the French police it may be said never reacted against the partisans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4333.0,4370.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now tell me, who accompanied the train, who were the guards?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4370.0,4373.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In the train...the train was mostly accompanied by the French police who also looked at things “through their fingers” and permitted the people to escape. Of course not in quantities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4373.0,4384.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4384.0,4385.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e If some twenty people would run away, they would not pay any attention to it. But of course mass deliveries could take place only with the help of the partisans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4385.0,4394.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well. Now then, let us return to the other part...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4394.0,4401.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The next component of our resistance was propaganda.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4401.0,4405.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4405.0,4406.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Propaganda—one may say that all the newspapers which you see now being sold in Paris, these are the former underground newspapers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4406.0,4415.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4415.0,4416.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e These newspapers—the largest among them was the newspaper “Combat.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4416.0,4424.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Did this one not exist before the war?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4424.0,4427.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e It did not exist before the war. This paper appeared in the year ’41. It’s primary organizer and editor was Rene [?].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4427.0,4437.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4437.0,4438.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And among the collaborators in that paper were not a few Jews.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4438.0,4443.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4443.0,4444.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e There were other very important newspapers such as “Frontiers.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4444.0,4450.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And what party was represented by “Combat”?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4450.0,4452.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e “Combat,” during the time of resistance was the party of the Socialist youth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4452.0,4461.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4461.0,4461.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e But afterwards it was transformed into a non-party newspaper of resistance, and so it remained a non-party paper of resistance. And what is characteristic for “Combat” at the present time is that it is a newspaper which attacks, so to speak, everybody [all parties] without exception. [\u003cem\u003elaughter\u003c/em\u003e]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4461.0,4482.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [The question is unintelligible. It refers to a cross. I do not remember whether Mr. Bramson was wearing it.]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4482.0,4486.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e This is the emblem of de Gaulle’s army. That is the so-called Cross of Lorraine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4486.0,4492.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4492.0,4493.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The Cross of Lorraine, as the cross of a province which suffered the most from the Germans at all times, was adopted as a symbol of French resistance. And all soldiers, of the army of resistance [and] French liberation were wearing these Crosses of Lorraine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4493.0,4511.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So, go on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4511.0,4512.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e One of our most important activities was to undermine the influence of the Vichy government, the influence of Pétain. And in this direction we maintained a relentless effort. In addition we were fighting all French Fascist organizations. The French Fascist organizations were many times completely annihilated by us in many cities, and they had to restore them frequently by “artificial” means. We did not stop short of killing people on the streets, etc. in order to directly terrorize them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4512.0,4560.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e The Fascists?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4560.0,4561.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The Fascists. Finally these French organizations were compelled to reorganize into a military organization, into a militia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4561.0,4566.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4566.0,4568.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e With this militia we entered into a real military struggle. There were real battles, between the partisans and this French militia. The French militia over the whole French territory counted around forty thousand men. From these about eighteen thousand departed together with Pétain to Germany.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4568.0,4593.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4593.0,4594.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e After the liberation of France.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4594.0,4596.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And where are they now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4596.0,4598.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Now most of them...a small part managed to escape...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4598.0,4605.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . escaped, where to?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4605.0,4605.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They hid in Germany in the various lagers, they changed their nationality, etc. The rest were handed over, of them a small part were shot [executed] and the rest are awaiting trial.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4605.0,4622.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Who was shooting them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4622.0,4624.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e At the beginning they...there were courts martial. Mostly these were courts martial of the French Liberation Army of Partisans. And afterwards when the state of war in France was declared concluded, they are now being tried by the, simply by the French normal court and they are being accused of treason against their country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4624.0,4657.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Now then, what other events...I want to start the story of your arrest with a fresh spool.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4657.0,4663.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4663.0,4664.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So please, tell us some special episodes about life in France...or about the resistance and we shall fill the so and so few minutes [of wire].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4664.0,4685.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I may tell you a few characteristic incidents of our life [?]. It happened in the middle of July of ’43. We were informed that after our rather unsuccessful attempt to take prisoner the chief of the French Security police Bernan, the German authorities in Vichy organized against us a major regrouping of military forces. I was informed that at ten kilometers from our camp were concentrated several squadrons of the so-called Germer [?]. The Germer [?] were military police corresponding to the SS.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4685.0,4757.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Something like the Schutzstaffel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4757.0,4760.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Schutzstaffel. In general, I decided, since the situation was rather awkward, to drive out myself for reconnaissance. I went in a light automobile with a few men, and at one point we noticed the first motorcycle men of these Germer [?]. I noticed among them an officer. I then alighted and invited the officer to come over for negotiations. Imagine my surprise when this officer approached me, stopped at attention, and introduced himself “Officer Germer so-and-so, but a member of the secret underground [army].” I managed to reach with him the following agreement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4760.0,4820.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] We have to interrupt at a very interesting point...we have to interrupt at a very interesting point [unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4820.0,4842.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Spool 48. [A mistake—this is Spool 47. Such slips would occur under pressure of work, and under conditions not always most favorable for the interview.] Paris, August the 16th, 1946 at the ORT school, 12 Rue de Saules, we continue with Mr. Bramson, the fourth spool [again a mistake, this is the third spool] and this is Spool 47.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4842.0,4852.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Mr. Bramson, you were telling me that you encountered a detail that was sent out against the Maquis, and you proposed to the officer that they surrender.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4852.0,4859.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No that was not exactly so [unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4859.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Not so? [?]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No [?]. You see I was driving in one car for reconnaissance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And we encountered the first motorcycle men—also reconnaissance men. And among them was one officer. And when...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e They were of the enemy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . of the enemy. And when I made contact with this officer, he all at once stood up at attention, and says: “Officer Germer so-and-so,” and adds afterwards in a low voice: “And of the Secret Army.” The Secret Army was our organization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And then..","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . and this official was with the enemy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: And the most funny part of it is that afterwards he tells me: “The commander of our whole detachment, the Colonel is also of the Secret organization.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [\u003cem\u003elaughter\u003c/em\u003e] And so I managed to arrange with this colonel the following trick: they maneuvered during a whole week around us. We did not see them, and they did not see us. And after a week, after they spent all their gasoline which was given to them, they drove away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And such episodes, we had very many.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e This sounds interesting. The fact is that they did not expend their arms...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . but spent the gasoline.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. [\u003cem\u003ehe continues with sounds of laughter\u003c/em\u003e]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In general...they departed. A second interesting phenomenon of which, most foreigners are unaware, is that we had organized among our Maquis the future Administration of Security of the country. Amidst our Maquis we had the future prefect who in fact after liberation became the prefect of the district. We used to issue orders to the population; we fought the black market, and other things. In most cases foreigners in general are completely uniformed about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Why did you fight the black market during the Germans?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We fought against the black market, because mostly suffered from it not the Germans, but the French population.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And we considered it our duty to ease the life of the French population, because it must be said that the population suffered very strongly from our presence...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e From your presence...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Because the Germans constantly took recourse to reprisals against the peaceful population, against children, women, and in general against people to whom all that was of no concern.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e On the other hand, we fought the black market because we knew that the black market was a phenomenon which corrupted the population and which would leave its imprint for a long time. And we were not mistaken. We see what now is taking place in France. The imprints of this period will remain, I think, for about ten years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. I should like that you tell me later something about the present status of the black market, but now I want you to go over biographically and politically to your own story. Now then, when were you arrested?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e When I was arrested—that is a whole rather complicated story. In July ’43 I was appointed commander of the Maquis of the southern district of Vendôme.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Where about is that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e This is a district located between Limoges and Bordeaux.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So, what was your rank? Did Maquis have ranks?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. There were ranks. If one takes so to speak my rank, so normally it would have corresponded say to a colonel in the service [?].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e It is very difficult to define, establish.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We had...in our inner, inner organization, I was the commander of the camp, I had several officers assigned to me, there were also officers in the other camps which were subordinate to me, but we, in order not to be confused with the official, normal army...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . we officially did not assume any ranks...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . but we called ourselves chiefs, such and such a chief, and such and such...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e At that time, in order to fight our partisan details, with which the regular army was unable to cope...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . because we were hiding in the forests, and they needed to fight us the light [mobile] not the heavy components of the German army, the Germans moved into this district an organized Grusian Legion. [?]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [\u003cem\u003ewith great surprise\u003c/em\u003e] Oh!...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e This Grusian Legion consisted of Grusians who were taken prisoners in the Crimea. The Germans either used to shoot them or forced them to join such regiments.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e As soon as this Legion appeared in our...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How many were there of them in this Legion?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In this Legion there were around three thousand of them; of them nine hundred men were located in the city of Périgueux.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And they were there with [their] officer?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They were there with [their] officers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . mounted on horses?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, they were “light” infantry details, which were transported on trucks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e These Grusian details appeared to be not too loyal to the Germans. Just in a few days, after their arrival in our district we had already turncoats.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e They spoke Russian?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They spoke mostly Grusian. There were some intelligent elements, not very numerous, and they spoke also Russian.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And so they started to turn over?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . to turn over, and we then formed a special small Grusian detail.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e From these turncoats?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. The turncoats were mostly officers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And through these officers I managed to make contact with the colonel, the Grusian who was in command.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: He was in command only theoretically, he maintained the \"inner\" discipline. The real command was in the hands of a German officer. Each company had a German officer, and the \"inner\" discipline was maintained by Grusian officers. And then I conceived the idea: would it not be possible to get over this whole Grusian Legion on our side?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And so the chief who was in command of the whole district...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . a Frenchman?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e A Frenchman—went to obtain permission for it from the central command which was located in Limoges.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And why was a permission necessary?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, we needed the means to maintain nine hundred men more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We needed the means to clothe them, to “shoe” them, for all that we needed a budget, etc. This was a very complex organization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e After that Limoges made inquiries in Paris, the permission was given...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e The underground in Paris?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e ...the permission was given, and we then entered in contact with the Grusian officers. Everything was prepared beforehand, and I left for the city of Périgueux by automobile with my chief, and with one of my officers—assistants, in order to settle finally the matter with the Grusian colonel—to plan this changing sides in a body. Unfortunately one of our co-workers who was on the inside of this work turned out to be an agent of the Gestapo. And he betrayed us. When we arrived at the square in Périgueux we were attacked from all sides by hidden German SS, or members of the Gestapo. I together with my chief and my assistant had the misfortune to have alighted from the automobile.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was wounded, and before being wounded the chief of the Gestapo in the act of defense, and our men who remained in the car, had time to open fire and to break through the encirclement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was half-conscious, I was transferred first to the Gestapo and afterwards—since I was taken prisoner by the military—[I was taken] to a German military hospital. There I was given first aid, I suffered here a broken bone. [\u003cem\u003ehe apparently points to his forehead\u003c/em\u003e]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Where—above the eye?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Above the eye [unintelligible] and besides my eye was hanging out, and I also had a bayonet stab in my hand.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The German military, the actual military treated me most correctly, exceptionally correctly. The German officer at the scouting detail [?] was also very correct [a correct person] and during the two days that I spent in their house—I have no right to complain—they treated me like any military officer. But afterwards I was transferred to the SD prison.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What is SD?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Of the Gestapo.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Why was it called SD?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Sicherheitsdienst.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh...yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The Gestapo abroad was called Sicherheitsdienst.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e There the treatment changed markedly. But in Périgueux we were still treated with sufficient correctness, except for the grillings. At the questions I suffered less—at the first grilling—than my comrades...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Because I was wounded.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e So that although I was beaten, they did not submit me to great tortures at the first grilling.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you call great torture?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In great tortures, you were hung for several hours by your hands; you were put into cold water, you would be submerged in water until you would lose consciousness, they would beat you...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What did they have there, bathtubs?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They used ordinary bathtubs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So, and what...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And besides they would beat you terribly. I at the first questioning was simply crippled [?].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Who was doing that? The grilling personnel themselves or did they have helpers?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e During the grilling that was done by the questioning officers themselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e But when blows would not help, the tortures were performed by agents of the Gestapo.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. And so at the first grilling...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The first was comparatively...at the first grilling I got away with a few slaps in the face, a few kicks, etc.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you remember the dialogue at that grilling? Were you grilled in French?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was grilled in French because I pretended that I do not understand any German. That gave me a chance—knowing already the question while the interpreter translated it—to prepare the answer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And so, the question...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And the interpreter behaved neutrally?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The interpreter in most cases was some wounded German officer, who knew the French language, and in most cases they were rather correct.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Or there were civilian interpreters. There were even some French Gestapo interpreters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And so. I...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What did they ask you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The first grilling took place when I was wounded, and I was very lucky, because it was a so-called questioning about identity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They asked for name, surname, rank, whether or not I was an officer of the regular. They asked whether I consider myself as a partisan. I said I was a “regular” officer; I wore my uniform.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. What name did you give?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I gave my right name, because I had on me all kind of papers forged as well as authentic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e But my military papers were in my real name.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And they stated that you were from Russia?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e It was stated that I was born in Russia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e But this was not important since my name sounds sufficiently French—it was of no importance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Bramson [pronounced in Russian].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Bramson [pronounced in French], and so that was not important.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e But I had...I wanted it that way, because I was wounded...I had on me official military documents. I did not want to be taken for a partisan. Since I considered myself anyway a doomed man, since I had wounded the Chief of the Gestapo, at the moment of arrest, I said to myself, let them better shoot me as a military, than hang me like a dog. [\u003cem\u003ehe laughs\u003c/em\u003e]...At the first grilling I managed to avoid an important fact. I was grilled by an officer of the German counter-intelligence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: And to him the question of a Jew or not a Jew was of no interest whatsoever. So when he came to the section where the questionnaire dealt with race or religion, he all at once asked me such a question: “Are you a Protestant or a Catholic?”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh...! And what did you say?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And I calmly replied that I was a Protestant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: And so I was registered and since then I was not questioned about race up to my transfer to Compiègne. In Périgueux I spent ten days. During these ten days there was an attempt to deliver us [from captivity] and the Gestapo in Périgueux went up in the air.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e That is it was bombed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e It was bombed. The Gestapo and the quarters of the Gendarmerie in Périgueux.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e But since very many German officers were wounded on the occasion we were tried and sentenced to death.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Who was tried, all who...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Three [persons], the three of us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e You, your French chief, and...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . and my assistant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [unintelligible]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . and were sentenced to a military execution. The next morning after the bombing, (we were tried in the evening), they came to look for us, and I thought that we were lead to be shot. But instead of leading us to be shot we were transferred to a prison in Limoges.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e This was a larger town, there was relatively a large garrison, where they were less in fear of an attack by the partisans, because after the incident with the Gestapo they were afraid that in Périgueux that partisans may attack the city and set us free.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now I have a question, I want to ask you a question as a psychologist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e You were expecting during the night to be shot, is that so?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I thought that we will be shot in the next morning.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you then make some evaluation...what were you thinking about before “being shot.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I, I must tell you, hardly thought of anything.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e You were suffering of wounds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was wounded, and when I was told, when they told me “condemned”: so I figured—we had so much talk among ourselves about such indescribable tortures, about such unusual beatings to which people were subjected before being shot—so that I, so to speak felt that now everything was over, I was even contented.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I even may say that I slept marvelously well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e You slept through...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They came afterward to look for us at ten o’clock in the morning, and they had to shake me in order to wake me up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So...and then you went through [unintelligible]...obviously for them it was not a night before an execution, they...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, apparently we...they had decided not to shoot us. I later found out that great representations were made in our behalf, and that the government in Algeria had declared that if we should be executed [shot] they in turn will retaliate by shooting a large number of German officers—prisoners. This obviously saved our lives.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh...So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e So we were transferred to Limoges and in Limoges the grillings started anew. The grillings in Limoges were terrible. I was “hung up” three times.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How did they “hang up”?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They hung us up simply this way. They would handcuff your hands behind you...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . a hook between the handcuffs, and you were raised up in the air.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What was then the position of the hands?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [apparently demonstrating] That is how you would hang, the hands behind the back.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e The hands could not...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . stretched out above the head...no that was impossible...If one would raise his hand a fracture would immediately occur.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The majority of my comrades to say in passing—had their hands fractured, as a consequence of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e In what place were they fractured?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Right here....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e In the shoulder?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In the shoulder.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In that period—now it is hard to recognize me—I was much healthier, and I was a very good sportsman.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I managed all three times—in spite of the fact that at the end I would lose consciousness—still to support myself somehow on my muscles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So there was a special trick to it, to prevent fracture in the arms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. This was only possible if one maintained his body so that it’s weight should not pull too much on this place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e That there be not too much tension on the shoulders.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e On the shoulders.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And so I managed to save my hands.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e After these three sessions of grilling.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What were they grilling you about?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, they wanted first of all military information, and first of all the names of the members of the secret organization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And what would you say to them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I said nothing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And you did not try, so to speak to bluff to them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The first time even did not I try to bluff them because I knew they will check up, they checked on all information.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . and I did not have yet a sufficiently prepared plan. They caught me by surprise.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh yes. And how about afterwards?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Afterwards they—after the three sailors [?]—when they had tortured me beyond measure, they decided to give me some rest. And I had a week’s rest, during which I, so to speak, I had a chance, so to speak, to recuperate a bit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. And where were your two comrades?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e My comrades were grilled separately. One of them attempted suicide, and the other succumbed during the grilling. He could not stand the torture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Meaning what—he died?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, that I could not tell you. I was not present at the incident.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh yes. What did they beat with generally?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They beat with rifle butts, with clubs, with whatever they could lay their hands on. Once they smashed over my head a piece of marble which covered a night table, which happened to stand around.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e You know these little night tables at the beds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. So he broke that marble over your head? So?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e After that I was again taken for grilling. This time I had a prepared plan...[there is a break in the interview].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e You had a prepared plan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes this time I had a prepared plan, and I told them approximately things of which I was sure that they knew already.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I did not give them anything new, but on the contrary directed them toward a completely false track.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e This gave me a breathing spell of three weeks, after which they had made a check-up and recognized that I had told them cock-and-bull stories.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e After that they simply [unintelligible] took me over there and beat me up like a dog, and after that there was no more grilling. However after this beating, instead of keeping me in a “normal” cell, I was thrown, I was isolated in a cellar, without light, without air, without anything. And I...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What kind of a cellar, in what kind of a building?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e That seems to have been in a prison, in prison.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And were there other people?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, I was there alone; I was kept isolated all the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And did they bring you food?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Food. They fed me well, because we were fed by the French Red Cross.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, the Red Cross was permitted...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, not to visit, but to feed us—yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e They permitted?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, all political prisoners were fed by the Red—French—Cross.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e After that I spent two months in this dungeon after that, before we were transferred to Compiègne, a month before I was transferred to a common hall...This common hall was a cell of three meters by two, where we were seven people together. We, one may say, were piled up one over the other, but after several months of complete isolation, this give us a chance to talk to each other, and moreover, they began to take us for walks. We were able to promenade for a quarter of an hour daily in a little yard, in the prison.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Where was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In Limoges.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e One nice morning we were told that we will be transferred from Limoges to Compiègne, from which we were to be transported further into Germany. Compiègne was a central lager where were concentrated all prisoners without exception, before being shipped to concentration camps. The Jews were transported instead of Compiègne to a special lager, Drancy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In Compiègne I spent only one day. By some miracle I passed the examination for race...race qualification, and registered as a Frenchman, I found myself in a train with twenty-five hundred men destined for Buchenwald. We were placed about a hundred people to each teplushka.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e A freight car.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e A freight car. On the way there were several attempts at escape. Several people were killed. Several people...at our arrival we found several people suffocated in the car.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How long were you in the car.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We spent in the car three days.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Did they let you out for the toilet?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, the car was locked. It was opened only once when we arrived in the city of Trier. There the door was opened for ten minutes, and that was the only time when we were given a bit of soup...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e To sip. Otherwise the car was all the time sealed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And how about your toilet needs, how were they satisfied?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The toilet needs were unfortunately taken care of in the car.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Were there only men?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e There were only men. The cars of the women were behind.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The women were transported further.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In Buchenwald...we were shaved.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We were washed all...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e ...the whole body?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . the whole body and we were sent to the so-called quarantine lager. The quarantine lager was a real nightmare. And we were...to describe it to you: there were blocks calculated for a hundred and twenty people. We were allocated approximately seven hundred to each.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e On plank-beds calculated for three people they would assign eleven.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e There was no medical service whatsoever. We were dressed in those terrible frosts—in a shirt; above that some pajama-like clothes...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And the head was completely shaved.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now tell me, did you have any clothes with you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e All our things were taken from us at the entrance to the Buchenwald lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, did you have some things before [when] you were arrested accidentally on the street?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e At the beginning I had no things. But afterwards when my arrest became...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . known...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . known, they sent me through the Red Cross a package of things. Officially the Gestapo did not want to deliver to me this package of things, but one of the keepers on his own initiative brought me a part of the things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And in Buchenwald they again took it away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And in Buchenwald they took away completely everything.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They gave us each a spoon, which we had to drag all the time in our pocket, and like I have described—for shoes they gave us “step-ins”.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e That is what?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/846","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They are a kind...wooden soles, with cloth above, which hold them to the feet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/847","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Slippers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/848","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They are not slippers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/849","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They are something undefinable, resembling Dutch footwear.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I did not remain for a long time in this lager. The whole inner management of the lager was organized by the prisoners themselves. The SS entered the lager almost exclusively to supervise the chores which were done, in part, inside the lager, or for roll call. Otherwise we almost never saw them. We were ruled by the so-called supervising [?] capos, who were appointed by the SS from the midst of the prisoners.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So, you were in a French block?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/854","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e From the beginning it was a general quarantine block.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/855","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/856","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e But thanks to the fact that I had numerous acquaintances among the members of the French Resistance, those comrades who were already for a comparitively long time in Buchenwald took steps that I be transferred as soon as possible to the large lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/857","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e From the quarantine?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/858","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e From the quarantine. And I spent only a month in the quarantine, and that possibly saved my life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/859","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And how much time did the others spend there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/860","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e There were people who spent there five or six months.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/861","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Why? What was going on?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/862","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Because there was not enough room in the big [main] lager. In the big lager living conditions were comparatively better, since [there] people worked, so they were given more or less a chance to sleep, or eat...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/863","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/864","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e So for this reason not all were transferred but very many remained for good in this quarantine lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/865","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/866","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e During this period in the quarantine lager, I shall never forget the scene when we were sent to be photographed. I have described already how we were dressed. During a bad snowstorm we were left in this clothing for a whole day on a completely open square.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/867","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/868","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e To lead us one after the other to be photographed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/869","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What for were you photographed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/870","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e To complete our dossier.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/871","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/872","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . for the lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/873","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/874","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And the result of it was that approximately half of the new arrivals caught pneumonia. Our block of eight hundred people was transformed into a block of two hundred fifty, three hundred people, while all the others without exception “went through the chimney.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/875","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean by “went through the chimney”?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/876","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . “through the chimney,” in other words they died from pneumonia and similar causes, and they had to be sent to the crematories.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/877","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And were there crematories in Buchenwald?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/878","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. There were crematories in all the lagers. In all the lagers where there were more than six thousand prisoners, there were crematories.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/879","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And did they have in Buchenwald also installations for the extermination of people?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/880","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Installations of the kind that existed in Auschwitz were not available in Buchenwald. Because Buchenwald was not an extermination camp. In Buchenwald there was a gas chamber, but it was not located in the lager, it was located behind the lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/881","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/882","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e It was used only when they wanted to annihilate somebody inconspicuously. But official mass exterminations such as in Auschwitz did not exist in Buchenwald.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/883","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/884","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I myself know of a case when an entire group of three—four hundred people were annihilated there on the spur of the moment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/885","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e In Buchenwald?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/886","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Buchenwald. But this did not have a systematic character as in the eastern [?] lagers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/887","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What kind of a group of three hundred people was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/888","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e For instance, they brought over a group of Russian officers. And the next day it was ordered to annihilate all of them. They were led to the little house which we called the “little house of miracles,” where the gas chamber was located, and there they were asphyxiated. We learned about it—exterminations took place daily—but I only know—I may speak only about cases at which I was present myself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/889","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Which...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/890","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Which I know. For instance I was present at the shooting of eighty parachutists, mostly Canadians and Frenchmen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/891","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/892","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: It was already after the Anglo-American invasion of Europe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/893","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/894","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And they were young men who formed the small squads of reconnaissance who parachuted [behind] enemy lines.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/895","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/896","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They, eighty men...they were brought to us, and after two weeks a search started for them all over the lager. We endeavored as far as possible to hide them in the lager, but we succeeded to save only two.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/897","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/898","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e All the others were found by the SS with the help of the management of the lager and they were all shot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/899","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Where were they shot?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/900","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They were shot wherever it would happen. They were killed—when they would catch one, they would lead him outside the lager, and they would shoot him just any place. A few of them, since the SS were vexed, were hanged, and this in spite [of the fact] that they were sentenced to be shot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/901","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And where did they hang them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/902","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They hanged them—in our crematory—in the basement there was an execution hall. And in this hall they had hooks on which they hanged.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/903","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And now, what happened to you afterwards?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/904","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In the lager...compared with that which I went through in Limoges, my subsequent experiences in the lager were less...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/905","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And when were you questioned again about being a Jew?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/906","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e About that I was questioned again in Compiègne. But I don’t know how it happened—in spite of the fact that the grillings were mostly very severe, when my turn came, I was one of the last, he scrutinized my ticket, on the ticket it said that I was a Protestant; so he asked me only a few questions and next to him stood a doctor. Only those who appeared to him suspicious the doctor ordered to let down their pants. I did not appear suspicious to him, and so I passed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/907","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So...And afterwards? When were you liberated?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/908","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I was in the lager...I spent there fifteen months.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/909","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. What were you doing there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/910","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e At the beginning I worked in the quarries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/911","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/912","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Afterward I managed with the help of French comrades who belonged to the management of the camp to...and since I was one of the responsible members of the French organization [underground], I managed to be assigned to the [unintelligible] factory, as an assistant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/913","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/914","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . a factory located within the lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/915","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/916","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e This greatly improved my condition, and thanks to that I managed to survive, and even rally my strength somewhat because all my wounds which I suffered during the war started to open up in the camp. At the factory our situation greatly improved, I managed even to construct of all kind of odd parts a radio, so that we, with some comrades were able to pick up military [?] communications and we knew about all the movement in France, etc.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/917","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/918","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In addition we formed in the lager an inner organization, and since factories of arms were located within the lager, we managed also to conceal some arms. These arms came in handy for my comrades at a moment of an uprising in the lager just before the occupation of the lager by the Americans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/919","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What kind of an uprising was there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/920","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The fact was that the SS had everything ready to destroy the camp.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/921","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/922","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e When they departed, they left only a small detail of SS who were to set fire to the lager, and throw all [unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/923","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e To kill the people?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/924","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. This detail was disarmed by the inner organization of the lager under the command of Colonel Manes [?] who at present is head of the council of the ministry of commerce in France.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/925","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/926","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e When this occurred I was not anymore in Buchenwald.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/927","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e One moment please...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/928","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [\u003cem\u003econtinues\u003c/em\u003e] The fact is that about ten days before liberation, no earlier than that, about three weeks before the liberation in Buchwenwald...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/929","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] This is Spool 47. Mr. Bramson’s report.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,4842.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/930","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Spool 48. Paris, August the 16th. Continuation of Mr. Bramson’s report.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4842.0,4852.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/931","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [In Russian] You told me that at the end you were not anymore in Buchenwald. How did that happen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4852.0,4859.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/932","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e It was like this. Before surrendering the lager Buchenwald to the Americans, the Germans selected fifteen thousand people, whom they said they had decided to send away as hostages.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4859.0,4880.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/933","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So?...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4880.0,4881.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/934","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . to a region where the American forces were not yet near. This was a part of Germany where they still hoped to resist. And I belonged to this group.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4881.0,4887.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/935","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Why were they called hostages?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4887.0,4889.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/936","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Because at that moment the opinion of Goebbels was such, that it was indispensable to have people who would be responsible for the lives—because there were all kinds of reports that the Americans and the Russians were momentarily [?] killing the SS whom they were taking prisoners, etc.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4889.0,4915.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/937","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And was that not true in certain cases?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4915.0,4918.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/938","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In certain cases it might have been true, but what concerns the Americans, the French and the English the SS were not being killed. They were treated more strictly than other prisoners but still they were considered prisoners of war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4918.0,4936.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/939","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And the Maquis?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4936.0,4937.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/940","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, the partisans and also the population used to exterminate [them] most frequently. The partisans were completely without mercy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4937.0,4948.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/941","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4948.0,4949.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/942","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e On this trip we were driven on foot. We made about three hundred kilometers on foot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4949.0,4958.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/943","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e In how many days?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4958.0,4960.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/944","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We marched for about two weeks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4960.0,4962.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/945","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4962.0,4963.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/946","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They fed us...We were given a glass of grain each...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4963.0,4970.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/947","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4970.0,4971.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/948","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e It was non-crushed [?] grain.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4971.0,4973.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/949","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What does it mean non-crushed [?] grain? Non-milled?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4973.0,4974.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/950","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Non-milled grain.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4974.0,4976.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/951","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What was it rye, barley?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4976.0,4978.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/952","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e It was mostly wheat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4978.0,4980.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/953","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Wheat. You ate the grain?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4980.0,4982.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/954","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We ate the grain. Most people got dysentery.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4982.0,4986.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/955","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4986.0,4987.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/956","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Beginning with the third day people started falling on the road and the SS finished them off on the spot. Behind each column marched a squad of exterminators who killed all those who fell behind.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4987.0,4999.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/957","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How would they kill them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4999.0,5001.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/958","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Simply with a shot from a revolver, or from a rifle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5001.0,5006.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/959","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Men and woman?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5006.0,5008.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/960","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We were only men.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5008.0,5010.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/961","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5010.0,5011.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/962","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e There were no women with us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5011.0,5012.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/963","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5012.0,5013.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/964","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I myself had to carry to the ditch on the road my comrade Zjousse[?] a very-known aviator, who first flew the South Atlantic with Hermose [?].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5013.0,5029.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/965","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e With whom?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5029.0,5030.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/966","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Hermose [?].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5030.0,5032.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/967","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Hermose? [?] French plane? They crossed...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5032.0,5035.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/968","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, Zjousse [?]. He was Hermose’s assistant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5035.0,5039.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/969","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How is this name spelled?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5039.0,5041.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/970","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [\u003cem\u003ehe spells the name\u003c/em\u003e] His name is spelled: Zjousse [?].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5041.0,5052.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/971","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e That is his name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5052.0,5054.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/972","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . his name is Zjousse [?]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5054.0,5055.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/973","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And he was an old-timer in aviation [?].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5055.0,5057.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/974","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, he is very famous. It is he, who together with Hermose made the first flight across the South...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5057.0,5062.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/975","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Atlantic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5062.0,5063.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/976","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Atlantic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5063.0,5064.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/977","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5064.0,5064.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/978","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e So, I myself had to carry him to the ditch, where an SS finished him there, and then before my eyes, because he could not walk anymore, I took him...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5064.0,5075.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/979","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e You mean he was first transferred to the ditch, and then...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5075.0,5077.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/980","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e He had to be transferred there, because otherwise he would have been trampled by the crowd, in case he would have fallen among them, and in order that the crowd does not trample him to death he had to be carried out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5077.0,5090.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/981","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5090.0,5091.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/982","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And so our group consisted at first of five thousand people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5091.0,5094.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/983","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5094.0,5095.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/984","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Afterwards...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5095.0,5096.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/985","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e You told me before fifteen...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5096.0,5098.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/986","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, in my group there were five thousand.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5098.0,5101.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/987","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5101.0,5102.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/988","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Afterward the number became smaller every day, at the end there remained of us, after one week...there remained two echelons of one thousand each.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5102.0,5118.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/989","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5118.0,5120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/990","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e All the rest were killed on the way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5120.0,5122.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/991","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e They were killed on the way. Now, were they buried, or what?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5122.0,5125.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/992","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, they were left lying. They were still there...I afterward passed through my automobile, fifteen days later, and nearly all the cadavers were lying there, in process of decomposing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5125.0,5136.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/993","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5136.0,5137.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/994","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Subsequently, at the end we remained around the 20th of April a small group of about one thousand men, which marched in five columns. One must say that the SS who conveyed us were in no better situation than we. They were horribly weakened, their situation became more complicated due to the fact that we have thrown away all our things, while they had to drag along their ammunition, arms, and bags.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5137.0,5186.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/995","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And what did they eat?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5186.0,5188.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/996","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They ate better than we, but still they too ate very badly. They would steal in the villages a bit of potatoes, etc.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5188.0,5197.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/997","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e The SS?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5197.0,5198.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/998","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In fact we had no supply service of any kind. The American army advanced behind us at the same rate as we. We were all the time at about fifteen-twenty kilometers from the front, and every half hour we hoped that we will be liberated. And every time our hopes...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5198.0,5224.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/999","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . were not realized...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5224.0,5225.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1000","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . were not realized. Once when we were on a hill we saw down below the attacks by American tanks of a German anti-tank battery.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5225.0,5237.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1001","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5237.0,5238.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1002","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e But the Americans made a two day halt and we again moved on for thirty kilometers south during this time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5238.0,5250.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1003","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you show any signs of gladness, of pleasure?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5250.0,5253.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1004","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. In general [?] it made no impression. Our guards were already so exhausted, so tired, that they automatically executed the orders of the officers who were cruising on automobiles and bicycles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5253.0,5270.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1005","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5270.0,5270.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1006","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And there was no reaction whatsoever. They automatically killed people, when they were ordered to feed they fed them...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5270.0,5278.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1007","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. These were SS?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5278.0,5280.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1008","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Those were SS.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5280.0,5281.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1009","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So then...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5281.0,5282.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1010","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We saw our group melting away. One nice day we heard machine gun fire, and from that [?] we concluded that the fighting was not far away, about fifteen or twelve kilometers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5282.0,5300.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1011","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5300.0,5300.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1012","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e For this reason we decided to take a chance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5300.0,5303.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1013","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5303.0,5304.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1014","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We gathered a group of men who were acquainted with each other and began to lag behind. We gradually lagged behind, formed a small column which remained with about a dozen [ten] designated [?] SS.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5304.0,5325.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1015","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5325.0,5326.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1016","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The machine gun fire continued to approach...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5326.0,5328.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1017","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Who were these, all Frenchmen, or were there others?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5328.0,5331.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1018","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e There were a few Poles, Russians and Frenchmen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5331.0,5335.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1019","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Were there any Jews?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5335.0,5336.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1020","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e There were no Jews among us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5336.0,5338.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1021","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e There were no Jews?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5338.0,5339.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1022","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . none among us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5339.0,5340.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1023","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Go on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5340.0,5340.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1024","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The Jews were in a group which was one kilometer ahead of us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5340.0,5344.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1025","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5344.0,5345.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1026","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They were liberated one day after us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5345.0,5349.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1027","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5349.0,5350.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1028","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We then overpowered the SS.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5350.0,5353.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1029","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5353.0,5354.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1030","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e A few of them attempted to resist themselves, the other dropped their guns and ran away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5354.0,5360.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1031","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And the ones who attempted to resist?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5360.0,5362.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1032","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . to resist, those were finished up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5362.0,5364.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1033","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5364.0,5365.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1034","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We then took their arms and escaped into the woods.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5365.0,5368.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1035","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And how many men were you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5368.0,5371.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1036","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e There were of us between sixty and eighty people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5371.0,5373.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1037","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [unintelligible]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5373.0,5374.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1038","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5374.0,5375.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1039","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And you ran away into the forest. Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5375.0,5376.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1040","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In about four hours the first American detachment passed the forest. And then we came out of the forest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5376.0,5384.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1041","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5384.0,5385.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1042","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We then came out of the forest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5385.0,5386.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1043","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, did they recognize you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5386.0,5388.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1044","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. We were in striped clothing—of the lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5388.0,5393.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1045","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5393.0,5394.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1046","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And then the Americans took over the same day the two columns which were ahead of us. One consisted predominantly of Jews, and the other was mixed, and they too were liberated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5394.0,5408.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1047","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5408.0,5409.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1048","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Upon advice of the American officers we proceeded northward, where we were promised help. In fact we were not given any help. But the Americans permitted us to requisition everything we needed, and we organized—mostly the French—in the little town of Freising [?] which is located not far from the city of “Hausen”.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5409.0,5439.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1049","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e A German city?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5439.0,5440.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1050","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, a German city, a Bavarian city...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5440.0,5441.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1051","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5441.0,5442.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1052","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Freising.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5442.0,5443.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1053","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How do you spell it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5443.0,5444.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1054","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e F- O- [?] -s - ing. [\u003cem\u003ehe enunciates the letters differently\u003c/em\u003e]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5444.0,5447.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1055","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . s - i...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5447.0,5449.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1056","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . n - g.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5449.0,5450.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1057","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Freising.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5450.0,5451.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1058","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Freising.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5451.0,5452.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1059","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What did you organize in that city?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5452.0,5455.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1060","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Afterwards, with consent of the American command we took over the management of the whole district.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5455.0,5464.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1061","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5464.0,5464.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1062","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And so we organized there a hospital for the wounded, for the sick. We organized the supplies, we organized a police force which handled our business as well as the business of the city and nearly all its surroundings. We preoccupied ourselves with making attempts to contact—evacuation was still out of the question, the front was still too long [deep] and we attempted to make contact with the French forces, which were also not far away from [unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5464.0,5495.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1063","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And how did the Germans react to that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5495.0,5498.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1064","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The Germans completely lost their heads. For three days they either wandered with white bands on their sleeves, or with little white flags on their hats.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5498.0,5509.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1065","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5509.0,5509.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1066","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5509.0,5511.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1067","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Were there any attempts to arrest them...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5511.0,5514.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1068","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e All young...yes, SS without exception whom we encountered, were instantly killed. We also caught several former...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5514.0,5529.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1069","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [unintelligible]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5529.0,5530.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1070","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No, people who occupied positions as foremen, capos, etc. in the lagers—many of them were also killed. We arrested...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5530.0,5541.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1071","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Why the capos, why...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5541.0,5542.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1072","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e It was they who more than anybody persecuted us in the lagers, in spite of the fact that they were prisoners, just like us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5542.0,5548.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1073","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Were they French [unintelligible]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5548.0,5549.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1074","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e There were very few of them among the French, moreover the French...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5549.0,5554.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1075","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e They, who were they?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5554.0,5555.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1076","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Moreover...they were mostly Germans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5555.0,5560.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1077","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [\u003cem\u003eboth speak at the same time\u003c/em\u003e] So, Germans [unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5560.0,5562.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1078","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, Germans and Poles mostly. There was a small number of Czechs, but the Czech, French, Belgians behaved very decently in most cases.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5562.0,5575.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1079","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And were there any Jews?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5575.0,5576.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1080","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The most terrible thing was...there were no Jews in Buchenwald. There were many Jews in other lagers, but in Buchenwald there were no Jews among the capos.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5576.0,5585.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1081","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Why were they called capos? What kind of a term is that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5585.0,5588.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1082","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e That is from the Latin word “caput,” meaning “head.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5588.0,5591.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1083","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh...”caput.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5591.0,5592.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1084","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. “Caput”: head.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5592.0,5594.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1085","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Go on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5594.0,5595.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1086","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And so, these same people...many of them we recognized, and many of those who did not manage to hide, were immediately hanged. In addition we arrested all the Germans endeavoring to change into civilian clothes, in order not to be taken prisoners.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5595.0,5611.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1087","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So you...? [unintelligible]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5611.0,5613.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1088","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e So we arrested all young men without exception and delivered them to American camps for prisoners of war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5613.0,5618.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1089","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5618.0,5619.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1090","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5619.0,5621.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1091","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And what did you eat?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5621.0,5623.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1092","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We ate what we requisitioned from the local population.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5623.0,5626.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1093","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5626.0,5627.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1094","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5627.0,5628.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1095","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And how did the population take it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5628.0,5629.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1096","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The population behaved very quietly, and in general behaved humbly. I never expected from the Germans such a measure of humbleness.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5629.0,5643.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1097","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5643.0,5644.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1098","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We made contact with the French forces.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5644.0,5651.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1099","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5651.0,5651.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And when our situation began to adjust itself, a French column of supply arrived in our little town and after bringing a proper militia, took us all away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5651.0,5669.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e You mean they took you with them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5669.0,5671.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They took with them all the French, Belgians and Dutch and all people without exception who were transported from, were arrested in France. Among them were not a few Jews.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5671.0,5681.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5681.0,5682.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I traveled with them as far as the city of Bromberg [?]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5682.0,5686.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e A German city?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5686.0,5688.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e A German city.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5688.0,5688.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5688.0,5689.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In the city of Bromberg [?] my comrades were sent to a center from which people were repatriated to France, while a few of us, not wishing to wait, decided to get back on our own.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5689.0,5715.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5715.0,5715.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I went to present myself to the French commandant who was the liaison officer with the Americans. He introduced us to the American general—I don’t remember his name—and he later requested the physicians of the military transports, that they take us with them. And in this manner by way of military transports we reached the city of Mainz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5715.0,5744.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5744.0,5745.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Behind the city of Mainz were already stationed the French garrisons, so that the French officers drove us in their automobiles to the first reception point for refugees from Germany. There we were clothed, disinfected and transported to Paris.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5745.0,5761.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Well, what did you encounter in Paris?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5761.0,5766.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In Paris, of course, we were greatly disappointed, because you understand, when we were launching the fight, when we were fighting etc.—maybe it was not very logical—but we were persuading ourselves...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5766.0,5787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5787.0,5788.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . that we were doing something...[\u003cem\u003ehe laughs\u003c/em\u003e]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5788.0,5790.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . very important.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5790.0,5791.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Something for the future, for ideals, etc. and now we found Paris in a very bad economic situation, a resign of real starvation. We were given a remarkable reception indeed, but there was suffering everywhere. [unintelligible]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5791.0,5806.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Who gave you a reception?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5806.0,5807.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The population, on the streets, everywhere. Everywhere they brought us presents.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5807.0,5813.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And how did they recognize you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5813.0,5815.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We were easily recognizable. We were so emaciated. I for example lost more than twenty-five kilograms, we all had shorn hair, and we still walked in striped clothing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5815.0,5830.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5830.0,5830.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We were given a remarkable reception, with great enthusiasm, they sent us...unfortunately many of our comrades died after their return to France.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5830.0,5842.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What did they die of?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5842.0,5843.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Mostly of malnutrition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5843.0,5845.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Was it not possible to build them up?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5845.0,5849.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The majority were [physically] depleted. In addition many were further weakened, because in the first moments after liberation they threw themselves on the food, which resulted in various complications such as dysentery, etc.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5849.0,5865.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5865.0,5865.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Five of my comrades passed away in the hospital in Paris.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5865.0,5870.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5870.0,5871.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In spite of all the efforts of the best professors, etc.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5871.0,5876.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5876.0,5878.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And so our disappointment was also due to the fact that, as before, reigned the nightmare of France, the black market...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5878.0,5892.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5892.0,5893.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And it was very hard for the poor elements, while all kind of the “newly rich” permitted themselves unheard-of things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5893.0,5901.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And who were these “newly rich”?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5901.0,5903.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e These were mostly people who enriched themselves either by collaborating with the Germans, or by trafficking on the black market, or by entering in all kind of manipulations with the Americans, etc.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5903.0,5921.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So...go on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5921.0,5924.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Moreover we were badly impressed by the fact that right after the liberation of France there had appeared again an undercurrent of a political struggle. Officially, that is openly, it did not exist, openly there was a common front, but on the inside there were constant intrigues, and many ugly things were occurring, inappropriate for such a period [of history]. Moreover, it happened in France, what unfortunately, was bound to happen by the logic of events. The best elements of the Resistance were at the head of military elements. And as the heads of these military elements they were fighting at the front. At the same time the whole administrative machinery was taken over by secondary elements. This resulted in the weakening of the influence of the forces of the Resistance, the weakening of the moral force which was represented by these elements [of the Resistance]; and the worst of it was that these [secondary] elements had joined the movement in the last moment, and did not see in the whole situation anything more than an opportunity for a most successful career...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5924.0,6017.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Who were all these...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6017.0,6020.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Well all of them...For example, the best elements served as ordinary officers at the front...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6020.0,6026.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6026.0,6027.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Because they were at once together with their contingents, with their details, incorporated into the army. But it was necessary to organize the administrative bodies, to organize the forces of supply etc., and for these posts there appeared people who, up to that moment had in fact done nothing, because all the others were at the front. And so, the moral reconstruction of France fell in general into the hands not of those who should at this moment have taken it in their hands, but of elements who were completely undefined. This brought about the fact that the purge within the administration, etc. proceeded at a comparatively slow pace, and was not executed properly [?].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6027.0,6076.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Now tell me why did not the forces of the Resistance insist on better management?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6076.0,6083.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Of course, but the fact was that the whole resistance was at the Front, either at the Atlantic front or in Germany. The First French Army consisted mostly of elements of the Resistance. This Army was [unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6083.0,6097.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e The First Army was formed after...the liberation of Paris?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6097.0,6100.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, she [?] was made up of our men...No she was formed much earlier, because the south of France, three quarters of it was liberated before the liberation of Paris.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6100.0,6112.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How come?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6112.0,6113.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e As a consequence of the insurrection of the Partisan forces. In the district in which I was located, there were never any Englishmen, Americans or de Gaullists. All the cities, such as Bordeaux...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6113.0,6128.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e In what district? The one when you were after...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6128.0,6130.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6130.0,6130.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e The invasion [?]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6130.0,6131.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e No...before the invasion [unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6131.0,6132.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6132.0,6133.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In that district...there were independent [?] partisan forces, for instance in cities such as Bordeaux...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6133.0,6138.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6138.0,6139.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . Limoges, La Rochelle, Toulouse; in none of these cities was there a de Gaullist, nor were there Americans or English.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6139.0,6149.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6149.0,6150.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e This whole part of France was liberated exclusively by the partisan forces.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6150.0,6153.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And what was the relationship between the partisans and de Gaulle?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6153.0,6157.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e All partisans without exception were theoretically under the command of de Gaulle, and all were de Gaullists [obviously in name only].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6157.0,6169.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And what accounts for the fact that de Gaulle finds himself now, so to speak, in the shadow?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6169.0,6175.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I would not say that de Gaulle is in the shadow. De Gaulle withdrew himself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6175.0,6180.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6180.0,6180.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And this came about because de Gaulle is not a politician, he is a military man, and some of his views do not coincide with the French democratic concepts. And for this reason he withdrew himself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6180.0,6194.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6194.0,6195.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e As a matter of fact de Gaulle has committed, in spite of the great respect and devotion that is being accorded him, many gross political mistakes, as a consequence of his purely military temperament. And for the good of the inner affairs of France, and, in part, for the sake of the foreign situation, he acted completely right in his decision [to withdraw].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6195.0,6228.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Now tell me, what did you undertake to do when you returned to Paris?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6228.0,6233.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e When I returned to Paris my health was badly shattered, and I was ordered to leave. This was a very moving event. The organization of the resistance arranged for a few of my comrades and myself a special home of rest, which was erected at the same location where once was located our staff quarters in the forest in which I served.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6233.0,6265.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What did they do, build a new house?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6265.0,6267.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Nearby was a little castle which they requisitioned for us. We lived there, and spent our time. The castle was located a few kilometers from the place of our [former] headquarters [?].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6267.0,6281.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. How long did you stay there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6281.0,6283.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I stayed there six weeks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6283.0,6284.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Six weeks...and who supplied you with food?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6284.0,6287.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, that was done by the French organizations. We had company all the time, people came around by bus all the time and we were treated very well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6287.0,6298.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And afterwards when did you renew your connections with the ORT?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6298.0,6302.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e When I returned ORT again made me an officer. At the start I was vacillating, because I was also offered a responsible post in the War Ministry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6302.0,6318.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6318.0,6318.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e But I was not entirely in accord with the political trends which then prevailed in military circles, and for this reason I refused the post and accepted the management of the ORT schools in Paris.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6318.0,6341.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell me one thing, Mr. Bramson, now in retrospect...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6341.0,6345.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6345.0,6346.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What special instances...you never got to Dachau?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6346.0,6358.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I never got to Dachau.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6358.0,6359.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well. Tell me some instances which you consider, so to speak, important or interesting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6359.0,6373.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In what sense? In a personal sense or...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6373.0,6375.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Let us take both. There are questions which I could not ask the others, which I reserved for you, and I wish that you would tell me something about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6375.0,6383.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6383.0,6384.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What is known, and what occurred with reference to sex matters, let us say in Buchenwald.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6384.0,6400.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e With reference to this question I must tell you that people have to be divided first into categories, and then these categories must be subdivided again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6400.0,6412.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, go ahead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6412.0,6413.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Of these two main categories one consisted of those who were in such a physical and moral state as a consequence of exhaustion that for them the sex problem practically did not exist. I know about myself that after a month of life in the lager this problem practically ceased to exist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6413.0,6437.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6437.0,6438.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e It was such a physical state that this problem did not exist. However there were other elements in the lager; those who did not work hard, who were able comparatively—because they were stealing—[were able] to nourish themselves comparatively well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6438.0,6457.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Whom were they stealing from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6457.0,6458.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They were stealing from their own comrades. These were the capos, the foremen...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6458.0,6463.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6463.0,6463.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They were stealing packages. They were stealing in the kitchen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6463.0,6467.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6467.0,6467.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e All the administration of the lager, as well as some people who were playing up to them, these were the elements for whom this problem...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6467.0,6478.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . existed...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6478.0,6479.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . existed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6479.0,6479.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And how were they solving it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6479.0,6481.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They would solve it in two ways. I must tell you—many people do not believe—but since 1943 brothels were installed in the lagers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6481.0,6497.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, that is known.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6497.0,6498.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e One may say that there were elements who frequented those brothels regularly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6498.0,6504.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now did they pay for it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6504.0,6505.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They paid for it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6505.0,6507.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And where did they get the money?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6507.0,6509.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They did not charge money, but the fact was that for our work in the lager we were “theoretically” paid in lager coupons. And so the prostitutes were also paid in lager coupons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6509.0,6523.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Were they under medical...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6523.0,6525.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . under medical supervision and under police supervision as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6525.0,6532.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Did one have to get permission?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6532.0,6536.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e One had to apply to the commander of the lager of the block for permission. He would give you a note, then you would go to the doctor for inspection; the doctor, finding that you might be sent there, afterwards they would give you an injection, and that was all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6536.0,6563.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e That was all. Well, and the other category?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6563.0,6566.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The other category was people who were in the lager for a very long time. They were mostly Germans and Poles...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6566.0,6573.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6573.0,6574.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Among when prevailed extensive practices of all kinds of perversions, masturbation, etc.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6574.0,6589.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6589.0,6592.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Such practices were very common.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6592.0,6601.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6601.0,6602.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e I never could imagine such a number of perverts [unintelligible]. I may say without exaggeration that among the German political prisoners of long standing at least twenty percent were such perverts [?].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6602.0,6615.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Among the political prisoners?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6615.0,6618.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Who were there many years. I do not refer to the others.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6618.0,6621.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh...So. There were about twenty percent...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6621.0,6624.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6624.0,6625.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And they satisfied their...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6625.0,6627.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e That took on a rather funny aspect. You know that there were in the lagers not only political prisoners. We were thrown together with criminal offenders [unintelligible]. And we were differentiated only by the color of the triangle which we were wearing on our chest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6627.0,6646.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6646.0,6647.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: And so there was a special category: the sex offenders.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6647.0,6653.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6653.0,6654.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Among the sex offenders there was included the category of sex perverts. Since there were many sex perverts, they theoretically were also sent to the lagers. And so at the beginning they had their own blocks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6654.0,6668.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6668.0,6669.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Separate blocks. But they led there such a libertine life, that the SS appeared rather fooled. Because it was considered that instead of having imprisoned them in a lager, they were placed in a paradise. [\u003cem\u003ehe laughs\u003c/em\u003e]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6669.0,6688.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6688.0,6689.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e So, subsequently they dispersed them over almost all the blocks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6689.0,6691.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And they exercised an influence...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6691.0,6693.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e “Exercise an influence” would be an exaggeration, but at any rate they did not behave nicely in the other blocks, instigating brawls, difficulties, etc.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6693.0,6703.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Now tell me, did you have any contacts with the young groups, with those young people like the ones I am interviewing now at Boucicaut? Where were they, in separate blocks?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6703.0,6716.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e You see, these were not the old Buchenwaldians. These were young people who were detained before in Auschwitz and other lagers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6716.0,6723.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6723.0,6723.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They were transferred to Buchenwald only after the Russians had occupied that region.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6723.0,6728.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6728.0,6729.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: So these young people were located—they intermingled—part were located in the Large Lager, [where] there were two special blocks for young people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6729.0,6743.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6743.0,6744.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And part were located in the Small Lager. With these elements I had much less contacts, since by the time when they were brought over, I did not work anymore in the Lager Buchenwald, but I was led every morning to work in Weimar, and was returned only in the evening.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6744.0,6761.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e To Weimar.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6761.0,6761.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [changes his accent] Yes, to Weimar.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6761.0,6763.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Wasn’t Weimar bombed [one word not clear]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6763.0,6767.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Weimar was bombed three times. But this is one of the German cities which comparatively did not suffer very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6767.0,6776.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6776.0,6777.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Much more severely suffered the Lager Buchenwald, because in the Lager Buchenwald were located the factories in which were constructed the Vau-eins [read Fau].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6777.0,6787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6787.0,6789.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Vau-eins, these flying German bombs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6789.0,6796.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, Vau-eins, V-1.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6796.0,6798.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e V-1.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6798.0,6799.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. They had the factories in the lager and therefore the Americans...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6799.0,6805.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . bombarded it. One must say that the bombardments were astoundingly executed. The factory was located twenty meters away from the lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6805.0,6816.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6816.0,6817.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . and extended in length for one and a half kilometers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6817.0,6823.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6823.0,6823.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And the whole factory was destroyed to the last stone, while only one bomb fell into the lager, which too did not cause any casualties within the lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6823.0,6836.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e [unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6836.0,6837.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. And in this manner there were casualties only among prisoners who happened to work at that moment in the factory. About two hundred fifty SS and two hundred prisoners were killed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6837.0,6850.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e That was [unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6850.0,6855.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes—yes. Come to think [of it] I may tell you an interesting story about this bombardment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6855.0,6863.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6863.0,6864.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e The place where the Buchenwald Lager is located is a hill above the city of Weimar.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6864.0,6873.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6873.0,6874.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e On this hill above the city of Weimar used to be the favorite spot of Goethe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6874.0,6882.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Goethe lived in Weimar, go on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6882.0,6884.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e In the center of the Lager Buchenwald right in front of the kitchen [\u003cem\u003ehe makes a slip in grammar and repeats\u003c/em\u003e] right in front of the kitchen, was located the famous oak, which was called the Goethe Oak...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6884.0,6897.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, the Goethe Eiche.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6897.0,6900.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. And so, all trees in the lager were chopped down, but there was an order not to touch this particular oak.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6900.0,6911.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e They were chopped down by the Germans?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6911.0,6916.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . by the Germans. And so there exists a legend. It is not only a legend, but there exists a letter...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6916.0,6926.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6926.0,6927.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . which Goethe has written to one of his friends.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6927.0,6931.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6931.0,6932.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And in this letter Goethe states, “When I am in a sad mood, I go up to Buchenwald, I approach my oak and look at it and hope...”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6932.0,6949.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . returns.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6949.0,6949.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e “. . . returns to me. It is so mighty, so strong, that to me it is an embodiment of the might of our people.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6949.0,6956.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6956.0,6957.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e “And as long as the oak stands, the German people also will stand.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6957.0,6966.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6966.0,6967.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And so all impatiently were waiting for the end of this oak. [This sentence is not clear, due to the laughter of Mr. Bramson] because this legend was widely circulated in the lager. And the simple American bomb, which fell in the Lager Buchenwald, hit possibly this oak.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6967.0,6984.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6984.0,6986.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And the oak caught fire.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6986.0,6988.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6988.0,6989.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Since it was half-burned down and since it managed to fall against the kitchen, the commandant of the lager ordered to announce over the loud speaker, that he is calling for volunteers who would wish to come to chop down this tree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6989.0,7007.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7007.0,7008.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And a regular onslaught was staged against the tree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7008.0,7014.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7014.0,7015.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e There was a strict rule in the lager against the possession of axes, saws and what have you. And I don’t know where from saws, axes appeared in the hands of “all” the prisoners, and several hundred people, within two minutes of this announcement, appeared on the square to chop down the oak.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7015.0,7035.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e And they chopped it down?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7035.0,7036.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e They chopped down this oak. [\u003cem\u003elaughter\u003c/em\u003e]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7036.0,7038.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So, that is interesting. And how long after that did you remain in Buchenwald?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7038.0,7046.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [\u003cem\u003ecalculating\u003c/em\u003e] We were liberated...this happened in August...it is August now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7046.0,7058.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7058.0,7058.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e We were liberated in April, in April, seven months.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7058.0,7065.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, seven months after?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7065.0,7070.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7070.0,7071.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . the oak was destroyed. Wasn’t that kind of a disappointment?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7071.0,7073.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh well, Germany started coming to an end.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7073.0,7077.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7077.0,7077.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e There was another agreeable incident. When we were leaving the lager on our way to work, we marched through the so-called Tarachoweg [?]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7077.0,7090.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Tarachoweg?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7090.0,7092.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, Tarachoweg was a street with a steep upgrade [unintelligible]. And in times past [unintelligible] was destroyed. One could not walk on this street, one had to run. The prisoners were compelled always to run.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7092.0,7107.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7107.0,7108.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Just for purposes of annoyance. There were...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7108.0,7110.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e How do you spell “Tarachoweg”?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7110.0,7113.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e “Taracho.” Just how it is pronounced.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7113.0,7117.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Tara...Tarachoweg. Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7117.0,7121.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And so, in the middle of this Tarachoweg stood a monument. This was a German eagle holding in his hand a swastika.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7121.0,7132.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7132.0,7132.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e And every time one passed this eagle, one hand to take off his hat, and one was not to keep his hands in his pocket.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7132.0,7141.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDAVID BODER:\u003c/strong\u003e What kind of hats did you have?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7141.0,7142.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7935/annotation/1318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJACQUES BRAMSON:\u003c/strong\u003e Most unimaginable ones. We had even women’s hats [laughter]. Whatever one could get. It was an impossible masquerade. And every time we happened incidentally not to remove our hats, or keep our hands in the pockets, one was beaten up...and at times one even was shot at. And after a bombing [unintelligible] the “birdie” fell down, and nothing was left of the eagle [hearty laughter].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7142.0,7157.79406"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Russian transcript [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] This is reproduction Spool 9-45B—the beginning of the interview with Mr. Bramson, an executive of the ORT in Paris. The interview proceeds in Russian. November 14, 1950, Boder. Chicago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.407,88.541"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Paris, dieciséis...Paris, the 16th...[pause] Paris, the 16th of August, 1946, a interview taken from Mr. Bramson, the director of the ORT school at 12 Rue de Saules in Paris.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=88.541,124.951"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In Russian] Гн. Брамсон, дай...скажите нам, во-первых, Ваше полное имя и отчество, если...и возраст.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=124.951,133.127"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Моё имя Жак, имя моего отца Александр.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=133.127,141.787"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=141.787,142.628"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я родился в 1911 году.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=142.628,146.384"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. И теперь скажите, Гн. Брамсон, Вы племянник или родственник того Гн. Брамсона, члена Государственной Думы в России?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=146.384,160.661"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, я сын его брата, Александра.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=160.661,164.386"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как было полное имя этого члена Думы?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=164.386,167.597"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Леонтий Моисеевич Брамсон.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=167.597,169.748"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Из какого дистрикта был он членом Думы и в каком году?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=169.748,172.795"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Города Ковно в первой Думе.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=172.795,175.85"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Города Ковно в первой Думе. А потом какая была у него связь с ОРТом?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=175.85,181.631"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Связь с ОРТом...можно сказать, что настоящей орг...поскольку организации в принципе существовали раньше, ОРТ, можно было сказать, был поставлен на ноги как международная организация Леонтием Моисеевичем Брамсоном. Потому что это он вывез эту идею из России и развил организацию на мировую...значит, ногу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=181.631,212.223"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=212.223,214.276"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, да, да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=214.276,215.65"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Теперь, Гн. Брамсон, я хочу, чтоб Вы совершенно, так сказать, свободно, нам рассказали Ваши личные переживания и вообще положение...эээ...на французской стороне Европы от начала войны до освобождения. Вы можете сесть теперь спокойно, и так просто говорить.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=215.65,244.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Раньше, чем сказать...рассказать...мы лично переживали...я бы хотел Вам нарисовать картину положения во Франции после 1940 года, иными словами после Петенского перемирия. [Пауза] Несмотря на то, что Франция отдавала себе отчёт, что она была недостаточно подготовлена к войне, мы никогда не думали, что есть такая разница в силах между Германией и Францией. Начало войны в 1939 году нас ввело в контакт только с немецкими укреплениями вдоль Саарской области и...эээ...с немецким материалом. Этот материал нам казался не на очень высоком уровне и, действительно, может это было и так. Но немцы употребили во время этой войны совершенно новую тактику и такую массу этого материала, что французская армия была очень скоро разгромлена, и весь решительно народ, вся страна оказалась в таком положении полного морального смущения.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=244.0,336.465"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Гн. Брамсон...Вы говорите «мы». Не хотите ли Вы нам сказать, как долго Вы жили во Франции, что Вы считаете, что Вы так сжились с французским народом?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=336.465,349.714"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я уже во Франции живу...эээ...20 лет.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=349.714,356.479"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Здесь уже с 18...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=356.479,359.096"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . 27 года.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=359.096,360.202"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: 27 года. И откуда Вы приехали во Францию?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=360.202,362.946"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я приехал во Францию из Польши. Но должен Вам сказать, что уже с самого детства я был воспитан немножко...ммм...на французскую манеру, у меня была французская гувернантка, и вообще в нашем окружении, как сказать? Госп...господствовала немножко французская культура.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=362.946,385.3"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это где, в Ковне?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=385.3,386.999"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нет, я в Ковне, можно сказать, никогда и не жил. Я жил в имении моего отца на Волыни, после мы жили в Киеве и в Крыму.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=386.999,397.348"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так, хорошо. Значит, теперь продолжайте со Франции. Значит, немецкая механическая и военная власть...сила...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=397.348,406.797"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . разгромила окончательно французское сопротивление, и в этот момент...и когда страна стала...оказалась оккупированной немцами, то даже самые лучшие французские элементы находились в состоянии полного морального смятения! Этим объясняется факт, что в первый период, в первые полтора года можно сказать, что большинство французского народа ответило на призыв Петена. [Пауза] В первое время очень небольшая группа, состоявшая главным образом из бывших социалистических элементов и из тех элементов, которых с самого начала начали преследовать, которая начала работу, так сказать, подземного сопротивления в стране. [Пауза] В пропорциональном отношении...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=406.797,480.439"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Подземное сопротивление—это то, что Вы называете «underground»?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=480.439,483.87"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=483.87,484.54"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=484.54,485.897"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . ммм...я принадлежал к этой сравнительно небольшой группе. Мы были несколько молодых военных...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=485.897,498.565"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага. Вы были на военной службе во Франции?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=498.565,501.45"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, я был...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=501.45,503.065"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Скажите несколько слов об этом.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=503.065,504.549"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я был мобилизован как специалист...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=504.549,509.975"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А Вы какой специалист?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=509.975,511.81"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я специалист...эээ...по-французски это называется «минар артифисье», иными словами сапёр, специалист по минам.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=511.81,524.083"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А каких...какое образование Вы получили?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=524.083,526.934"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я...по образованию я математик-инженер Тулузского университета.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=526.934,535.194"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=535.194,535.707"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Кроме того, я прошёл военную школу сапёрную в Версале.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=535.707,542.486"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это до войны?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=542.486,543.958"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Это до войны, когда я делал мою военную службу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=543.958,547.016"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А Вы были на военной службе во Франции?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=547.016,549.178"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я был на военной службе...я французский подданный!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=549.178,551.795"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=551.795,552.265"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я был на военной службе во Франции, и после я был мобилизован ещё за несколько недель до начала войны. Уже чувствовалось, что положение плохое. И на третий день войны я уже был на немецкой территории.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=552.265,569.589"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Вы были в офицерской форме?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=569.589,572.189"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, я был...точно называется «аспирант».","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=572.189,576.685"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага. [Неразборчиво, очень тихо]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=576.685,579.48"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да. И...и, значит, я...об этом почти что никто не знал, потому что об этом я не рассказывал, не желая тревожить мою семью. На шестой день войны я уже был ранен, на проволочных заграждениях. Эээ...после моей раны я был из Саарской области отправлен на бельгийскую границу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=579.48,605.672"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Какой области?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=605.672,607.051"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Из Саарской области, потому что я...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=607.051,609.135"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это Сааргебит?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=609.135,610.012"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, Сааргебит. Я был ранен уже в немецкой территории, мы были...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=610.012,613.665"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Саарской и вдруг показалось «царской».","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=613.665,615.912"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, нет—Саарская. Мы были на шестнадцать километров в глубине немецкой территории, когда именно мы попали на проволочные заграждения, во время атаки которых я был ранен.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=615.912,630.618"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=630.618,631.337"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: После этого меня перевели на бельгийскую границу, где я служил до входа французской армии в Бельгию 11 мая 1940 года.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=631.337,646.343"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=646.343,647.358"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я принадлежал в тот период к первой лёгкой блиндированной дивизии, которая вошла на бельгийскую территорию на встречу немецким войскам и которая была отрезана от остальных сил между Намиром и Филипвиллем в Бельгии.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=647.358,669.094"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Блиндированная дивизия—это «armored division»?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=669.094,672.408"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=672.408,673.065"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=673.065,673.503"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...некоторым отрядам этой дивизии, которая была окончательно уничтожена, удалось прорвать немецкое кольцо. Мне повезло, потому что я принадлежал к одному из этих отрядов, и мне удалось несколько недель после соединиться с французской армией под Компьен. Я принял участие в Соммской битве.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=673.503,697.674"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: В какой битве?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=697.674,698.486"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Под Соммой...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=698.486,701.981"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Под Соммой, да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=701.981,703.278"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . где я снова был легко ранен осколком в руку.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=703.278,704.497"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=704.497,705.56"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: А после Соммской битвы, которая решила, можно сказать, войну, потому что там был окончательно прорван последний французский фронт, я принимал участие в подступ...отступлении до Луары. Под Луарой...когда мы подошли—так как мы составляли арьергардную часть—все мосту уже были взорваны. Нам пришлось уничтожить наш материал, и всякими искусственными средствами перебраться через Луару. И после мы отступали до города Лиможа. [Пауза] Под Лиможем...эээ...немножко на западе от Лиможа, мы узнали о том, что Петен обратился с просьбой перемирия, и перемирие меня застало на этом месте. Эээ...немецкие войска подступали к этой области, и поэтому мы передвинулись на юг, не желая стать военнопленными.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=705.56,748.518"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=748.518,749.424"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я был...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=749.424,778.011"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А скажите, во французской армии знали, что Вы еврей?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=778.011,781.027"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=781.027,781.777"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И как к Вам относились?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=781.777,783.464"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Наш генерал был евреем. У нас...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=783.464,786.662"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=786.662,787.584"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Что?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=787.584,788.241"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как его фамилия была?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=788.241,790.225"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Его фамилия...эээ...[пауза] я не помню, она кончалась...это есть большое количество евреев, которые носят название лотаринских городов с окончанием на -анж. Это что-то было Оранж, Креанж—что-то в этом роде.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=790.225,814.802"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А Вы не можете фамилию эту узнать как-нибудь для нас?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=814.802,818.114"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я постараюсь об этом узнать.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=818.114,828.509"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Хорошо.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=828.509,829.524"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да. Но нас было довольно крупное количество. Я знаю, что в моём батальоне было около двадца...четыре еврея. Из них один капитан, два лейтенанта и, значит, я был аспирантом.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=829.524,835.055"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это Вы считаете крупное количество? Какой процент еврейского населения во Франции был вообще?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=835.055,840.242"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Во Франции надо считать до войны было 120 французских...120 тысяч французских евреев и около...эээ...250 тысяч иностранных евреев.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=840.242,855.714"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . евреев. А сколько...какое всё население Франции?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=855.714,859.699"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Всё население Франции считался 41 мильён.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=859.699,862.917"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Хорошо. Значит, продолжайте: Вы отступали, и Вас застало перемирие где?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=862.917,869.373"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...немного на юго-западе от Лиможа.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=869.373,873.092"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=873.092,873.78"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Там я был демобилизован, и так как я раньше работал на одном заводе, который работал на авиацию, мне велели...эээ...разыскать этот завод, и отправиться на этот завод.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=873.78,888.846"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Кто велели? Французы?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=888.846,890.136"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да. После демобилизации. С этой целью я отправился в Виши, где совершенно случайно я застал мою семью.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=890.136,898.233"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А из кого состояла Ваша семья?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=898.233,900.611"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Вот там находился Леон Тимофеевич Брамсон...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=900.611,903.381"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Дядя.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=903.381,904.022"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . это по отцу мой дядя, его жена, его дочь. С ними я нашёл также родственников со стороны моей матери, которые там находились и которые там жили. Они во время войны...значит, во время...перед немецкой оккупацией бежали их Парижа и поселились в Виши, да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=904.022,924.744"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А правление ОРТа тоже было?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=924.744,926.962"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Так, всё решительно правление ОРТа и ОЗЭ помещалось там в одном отеле, в одном и том же здании.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=926.962,933.569"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: ОРТ и ОЗЭ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=933.569,934.944"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И ОЗЭ.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=934.944,935.834"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Они привезли с собой документы? Увезли...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=935.834,938.242"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Всё было вывезено из Парижа. В Париже остались считано две школы, которые существовали. Это которые Вы видите теперь на Рю де Соль и другая механическая школа на Рю де [неразборчиво]. Но всё бюро...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=938.242,957.81"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=957.81,960.81"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . все бюро были перевезены в Виши.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=960.81,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, потом что?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...В период демобилизации целая группа молодых военных решила организовать...эээ...[пауза] такое сотрудничество...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,979.473"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=979.473,979.895"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . потому что мы надеялись всё-таки, что в Северной Африке будет продолжаться сопротивление.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=979.895,986.063"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=986.063,986.875"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я принадлежал к этой группе молодых военных, и когда после Виши я попал в Марсель...эээ...со мной вошёл в контакт один из членов этой группы и просил меня организовать в Марселе ячейку для переправки военных в Северную Африку. Как раз в тот момент я работал там на одной фабрике, которая производила фруктовые такие всякие предметы из...эээ...восточных фруктов. Я там заведовал...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=986.875,1021.222"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Наверное, конфеты, соки?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1021.222,1022.893"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Соки и так далее. И вот я [пауза] там стал заведующим одного ателье. Мне это очень помогло, так как я мог собрать очень крупное количество французских молодых авиаторов, скрыв их как рабочих в этом заводе,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1022.893,1042.299"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А Вы были в таком положении, что Вы могли нанимать рабочих?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1042.299,1045.956"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да. Я нанимал, так как я заведовал ателье, так я нанимал рабочих.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1045.956,1049.85"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ателье—это что, мастерская?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1049.85,1051.472"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Мастерская, да. И после этого я понемногу их переправлял, по мере возможности, на всяких маленьких корабликах и так далее, в...эээ...дальше в Северную Африку.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1051.472,1068.572"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Французское Марокко?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1068.572,1071.025"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...нет, сначала главным образом они переправлялись в Тунис.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1071.025,1077.179"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: В Тунис.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1077.179,1078.179"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Потому что в Марокко и в Алжире было...положение было гораздо более...эээ...тяжёлое в связи с тем, что там находились непосредственно...что находились непосредственно...эээ...контрольные немецкие комиссии, которые очень опасались английской выброски в этой области. Тунис находился скорее под итальянским контролем. Этот контроль был гораздо более неряшливый, и кроме того, тунисская администрация не была так скоро перекроена на мир Виши, как другие. [Пауза]...эээ...этот период...это сравнительно...это только начало борьбы. Количество этих людей, которых мы переправляли, было сравнительно небольшое, так как в армии. Ну, надо считать, что за весь этот период было переправлено около тысячи человек...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1078.179,1141.46"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: О!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1141.46,1142.132"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . не больше.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1142.132,1148.135"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1148.135,1149.166"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Главным образом это были авиаторы и артиллеристы, и морские офицера. Это единственное...эээ...элементы, которых нас просили переправить и к...в армию де Голля. Так как эта армия в этот период не обладала ещё ни достаточным вооружением, ни достаточными снабжениями, и ещё ясно не видела своих возможностей. После переправка стала более массивной. Но морской путь оказался совершенно закрытым, и нам пришлось тогда прибегать к испанской границе. Этот период...эээ...был гораздо более тяжёлым. Виши успело реорганизовать свою полицию, и в один прекрасный день я имел неприятный сюрприз быть переведённым на полтора дня в марсельскую крепость. Мне повезло в том смысле, что я был арестован одновременно с сыном одного видного французского генерала, который моментально сделал нужные демарши, и так как его не могли выпустить одного, я был выпущен одновременно.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1149.166,1232.37"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Он к вам тоже принадлежал в андерграунд?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1232.37,1235.277"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Он тоже принадлежал к этой организации.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1235.277,1237.511"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1237.511,1238.074"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...мне пришлось на пару месяцев...на пару недель прекратить работу. Это как раз совпало с очень тяжёлым периодом смерти Леонтия Моисеевича Брамсона.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1238.074,1254.681"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Его похоронили где?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1254.681,1256.403"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Его похоронили в Марселе. Он похоронен в Марселе.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1256.403,1259.929"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И сколько ему лет?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1259.929,1261.476"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Ему было—точно я Вам не могу сказать—ему было около 70 лет.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1261.476,1268.416"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Не больше?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1268.416,1269.291"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нет.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1269.291,1270.025"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1270.025,1270.712"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Ему был 71год, если я не ошибаюсь.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1270.712,1274.134"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1274.134,1274.68"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нн...в [пауза] кроме того,...ммм...в этот момент мне предложили за...принять место...эээ...заведующего лабораторией в ОРТовской школе электромеханики в Марселе.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1274.68,1299.763"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво] извиняюсь.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1299.763,1300.186"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я принял это место, так как чувствовал, что в Марселе мне больше оставаться нельзя, так как полиция довольно зорко за мной следила. Я переправился тогда в Перигё, где я вошёл в контакт с [пауза] первыми организациями по сопротивлению. Я вошёл в контакт главным образом с самой крупной французской организацией «Комбат». Эээ...я просил, чтобы меня перевели в Африку, чтоб я мог отправиться после в экваториальную Африку, чтоб...или в Англию. Для меня уже было назначено место на одном пароходе с тем, чтобы спустить нас на маленьком корольке недалеко от Гибралтара. Я отправился в Марсель, занял место на пароходе...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1300.186,1369.206"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: В качестве служащего?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1369.206,1370.488"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нет, не в качестве...нас держали в отделении машин.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1370.488,1374.402"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1374.402,1375.316"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: В последний...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1375.316,1375.888"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . «stowaway» называется...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1375.888,1377.484"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нелегально.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1377.484,1379.771"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Да [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1379.771,1380.755"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: К сожалению, в последний момент на пароход поднялась полиция—все врассыпную. Мои товарищи были переловлены. Я—так как я хороший пловец—бросился в море, и...ммм...мне удалось проплыть под водой небольшое расстояние, я спрятался за лодку. Меня выудил из воды один портовой служащий, который меня скрывал полтора дня, и после этого его...ему удалось меня провести под носом у полиции, вывезти с порта. Я вернулся обратно в Перигё, где сообщил о моей неудачной [говорит со смехом] поездке, о том, что товарищи были арестованы. Я...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1380.755,1436.167"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Где же Вы прятались на пароходе, что Вас не нашли?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1436.167,1439.495"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я на пароходе...это...ммм...произошло так: паро...к пароходу...пароход уже был прицеплён к буксирам.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1439.495,1457.747"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1457.747,1458.529"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...и должен был уйти. В последний момент, видно, был какой-то донос, и в последний момент приехала полиция. Мы были...до этого полиция и сделала уже обход на пароходе, и нас спрятали в одном отделении около машин. Там был своего рода стальной шкаф, где нас...где можно было просидеть несколько часов.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1458.529,1475.499"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Сколько человек вас спрятали?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1475.499,1477.749"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нас было четыре человека и одна женщина.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1477.749,1481.999"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так, [говорит со смехом] мужчины?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1481.999,1483.863"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Четыре мужчины и одна женщина.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1483.863,1486.347"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1486.347,1487.362"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И...вот...[пауза] один из наших товарищей, когда полицейские сошли—значит, первый осмотр—сошли [неразборчиво], поднялся наверх, чтоб закурить папиросу. И вдруг он начал кричать, что подъезжает автомобиль с полицией. Мои друзья потеряли голову и [пауза] вышли наверх. И когда первые полицейские вскочили, они подняли моментально руки вверх.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1487.362,1525.081"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Сдались.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1525.081,1526.112"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Сдались. Я спрятался за...эээ...пак...пакеты, которые лежали там...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1526.112,1536.345"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: За багажом.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1536.345,1537.22"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . за багажом, И когда наверху остались только полицейские в мундирах, а тайная полиция сошла с нашего парохода, потому что...эээ...там кто-то сознался, что есть один ещё человек, которого они не задержали, я воспользовался, чтобы броситься в воду.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1537.22,1558.705"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага. И они видели, что Вы бросились в воду?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1558.705,1561.174"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: По всей вероятности, никто не видел, кроме этого самого человека, который меня после прятал, который был на [неразборчиво]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1561.174,1568.614"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1568.614,1569.536"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . служащий порта. Я проплыл под водой несколько метров и спрятался за лодку.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1569.536,1576.506"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Какое время дня это было?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1576.506,1578.147"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Это было приблизительно к часу дня.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1578.147,1582.911"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1582.911,1583.708"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Пароход должен был уйти утром, но он задержался из-за всех контролей, просмотров и так далее.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1583.708,1591.252"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1591.252,1591.94"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Это было приблизительно в полвторого.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1591.94,1593.956"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1593.956,1594.69"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Он меня спрятал, этот служащий, в своей будке, как я Вам уже говорил, и вывел меня на следующее утро.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1594.69,1601.327"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1601.327,1602.046"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я вернулся, значит, как я Вам говорил, в Перигё, дал знать об этом невезении, и когда я второй раз подал прошение отправиться...эээ...в Северную Африку, мне сказали, что этот период отправок уже для нас менее интересен, что нам нужны люди на месте. Через пару недель я получил приказ [пауза] от товарищей, которых я считал моими шефами,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1602.046,1638.249"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1638.249,1639.202"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . войти в контакт...эээ...с началом организации в этой области.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1639.202,1646.172"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага. Это в каком году было?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1646.172,1649.547"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Это было в самом начале 42-го года.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1649.547,1655.74"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1655.74,1656.974"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...организация эта...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1656.974,1662.856"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво] в 41-ом?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1662.856,1668.838"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Что? Да. В начале 42-го года...эээ...произошёл один факт, который произвёл...который был довольно известен. Несколько парашютированных английских офицеров, которые занимались добыванием сведений во Франции, и французский депутат, который один из первых организовал здесь сопротивление, который, между прочим, был евреем—его фамилия Пьер Блок—. . .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1668.838,1704.544"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1704.544,1705.544"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . были арестованы и переведены в один из лагерей нашей области.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1705.544,1715.966"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это значит, и английские офицеры, и Пьер Блок?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1715.966,1718.873"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И Пьер Блок. Тогда было...в этой области находился один концентрационный лагерь...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1718.873,1727.045"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага. Это лагерь назывался [неразборчиво, очень тихо].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1727.045,1731.809"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Лагерь...Нет, это под Перегё.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1731.809,1733.439"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1733.439,1734.465"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . который назывался Мозак. И они находились в этом лагере.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1734.465,1737.231"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это была неоккупированная Франция?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1737.231,1739.4"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . был на неоккупированной ещё области. И вот нам было поручена задача, чтобы...эээ...их освободить и дать возможность переправиться...эээ...в Африку. Это было, так сказать, первая...эээ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1739.4,1761.912"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . конкретная...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1761.912,1762.818"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . конкретная вооружённая задача, порученная нашей организации. Нам это смогло очень удачно...удалось удачно это провести. В...английский аэроплан [пауза] находился на месте, где было условлено. Нам удалось это провести способом довольно оригинальным: мы переоделись в жандармов...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1762.818,1789.448"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1789.448,1790.526"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . и...поехали туда в лагерь, с фальшивыми бумагами, и нам этих людей выдали.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1790.526,1797.647"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Кого вам выдали?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1797.647,1799.647"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [Пауза] Если не ошибаюсь, семь англичан и Мр.Блок, ещё один—их девять человек.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1799.647,1805.644"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Вам их выдали. Вы переоделись во французские...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1805.644,1810.348"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Французскую форму.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1810.348,1812.223"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Полиции была форма?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1812.223,1812.817"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нет, жандармов.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1812.817,1815.473"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А где же вы получили эту форму?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1815.473,1817.76"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Ну, это...очень много членов жандармерии работало в нашей организации, и даже несколько членов, кот...которые в этом лагере работали как офицера или как другие.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1817.76,1831.718"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Были на вашей стороне?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1831.718,1833.328"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Были на нашей стороне.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1833.328,1834.656"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Вы прошли туда с фальшивыми документами?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1834.656,1838.695"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [Неразборчиво] Единственное, что нам пришлось после разоружить одного из жандармов этого лагеря, которого нам...потому что...ммм...мы просили для более важного вида, чтобы нам были...дали ещё несколько человек эскорт.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1838.695,1862.606"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1862.606,1864.043"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Так один из них оказался дураком и поднял шум, вообщем, мы ему заткнули пару платков в глотку и спустили его в одном месте в десяти километрах от центра деревни в лесу, и он после уж сам вернулся. А остальные—так они просили, чтобы их перевезли в Англию вместе, так сказать, с англичанами.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1864.043,1888.452"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Они их взяли?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1888.452,1890.452"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Их взяли. Они...после...они после вернулись, теперь они офицера в Индокитае.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1890.452,1898.358"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Скажите мне вот что:...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1898.358,1899.92"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1899.92,1900.498"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Значит, где же аэроплан был?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1900.498,1903.812"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Этот аэроплан находился...эээ...ещё заранее англичане обратились к нам с просьбой, чтоб им указывали места, где возможно спуститься на аэропланах.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1903.812,1921.395"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1921.395,1922.207"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Мы доставили по радио им сведения...эээ...ммм...очень многочисленных мест таких, и в одном из этих мест было условлено, что аэроплан спуститься.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1922.207,1938.387"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Что же, это был большой аэроплан?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1938.387,1940.465"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Это был сравнительно большой аэроплан.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1940.465,1943.356"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Сколько человек он взял?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1943.356,1945.153"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...значит, этот аэроплан взял девять человек.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1945.153,1950.622"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1950.622,1951.403"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Он был очень перегружён, когда он их взял, но [неразборчиво] это был двухмоторный аэроплан.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1951.403,1958.735"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1958.735,1961.059"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1961.059,1961.572"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Сколько этот аэроплан стоял во Франции, прежде чем он их взял?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1961.572,1965.08"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нет, он же спустился на пару...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1965.08,1967.911"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Часов?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1967.911,1968.755"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . часов, может на пару минут—я не могу сказать, потому что я...эээ...был только при начале этой акции.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1968.755,1976.723"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Вы не довели их до аэроплана?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1976.723,1978.598"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нет, мы довели до аэроплана, но я уже при этом не присутствовал.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1978.598,1983.03"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: При отъезде?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1983.03,1983.905"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я при отъезде не присутствовал. Моя задача...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1983.905,1986.494"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Но Вы видели аэроплан?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1986.494,1987.994"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я—нет, но мне товарищи рассказывали.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1987.994,1990.74"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага. Вы их довезли, а потом аэроплан взял...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1990.74,1994.755"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да. Моя задача заключалась в том, чтоб после...мы имели маленькую организацию, которая должна была прикрывать передвижение автомобиля, который...эээ...перевозил этих людей. Автомобиль, который повёз...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1994.755,2014.864"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Повёз к аэроплану?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2014.864,2015.89"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . повёз к аэроплану.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2015.89,2016.572"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так Вы с ними простились где? Около автомобиля?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2016.572,2020.322"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, я...эээ...как только они уехали из тюрьмы, больше я их не видал. И через два дня я услышал речь Пьера Блока, которую он произносил по английскому радио, BBC [смеётся].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2020.322,2039.558"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А тут можно было слушать BBC ясно?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2039.558,2042.419"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нет, здесь, собственно говоря,...эээ...всеми силами как и немецкие власти, так и власти Виши старались эти посты заглушить. Но всегда находился один или два...эээ...ммм...две станции, которые были совсем неплохо слышны во Франции. Так что мы имели постоянные сведения, и можно сказать, что 90 % французского населения слушало...эээ...английское радио.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2042.419,2079.511"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2079.511,2079.511"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Наше движение начало разрастаться. [Пауза] К концу 42-го года мы организовали первые маки.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2079.511,2097.989"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Что значит слово «маки»?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2097.989,2102.21"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: «Маки»—это [пауза] по-французски обозначает...эээ...заросшее, непроходимое пространство, джунгли.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2102.21,2113.893"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2113.893,2114.908"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Джунгли, понимаете?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2114.908,2118.041"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это люди, которые работали в джунглях?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2118.041,2123.651"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нет, это [неразборчиво] Первое название—это маки...это после это название расширилось. Слово «маки»—это то, что мы скрывали нашу молодёжь в непроходимых всяких местах: или в горах, или в лесах.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2123.651,2139.903"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2139.903,2140.426"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . или в других местах.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2140.426,2141.801"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это, так сказать, горные и лесные партизаны.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2141.801,2146.426"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Партизаны. Так что мы сначала...сначала мы не имели оружия, так что мы скрывали главным образом ту молодёжь, которую правительство Виши хотело отправить на работу в Германию, и скрывали военнопленных, которым удалось бежать из немецкого плена.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2146.426,2165.676"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2165.676,2166.41"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Скрывали мы также тех людей, которые преследуемы были. Евреи ещё в это время в маки шли неохотно. [Пауза]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2166.41,2177.293"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2177.293,2178.531"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Потому что условия жизни в маки были очень и очень тяжёлые, и евреи приходили туда только в крайнем случае. А наш контингент главным образом состоял из бывших военных, из бывших военнопленных, а главным образом из молодёжи, которая не хотела ехать в Германию на работы.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2178.531,2204.142"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И что же, их просто прятали или их кормили?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2204.142,2206.77"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Сначала мы их прятали, и при помощи местного населения, которое мы распропагандировали, мы их кормили.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2206.77,2217.348"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2217.348,2218.379"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Ну, после [пауза] приходит 42-ой год, выгрузка в Англии и колоссальное расширение наших организаций.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2218.379,2232.958"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Выгрузка где? В Англии?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2232.958,2234.136"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Англичан и американцев в Африке.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2234.136,2237.605"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: О, в Африке!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2237.605,2238.839"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . в Африке.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2238.839,2239.948"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Касабланка и северные...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2239.948,2240.694"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да. Тогда...эээ...ещё до этого во французском народе произошёл колоссальный перелом. Увидели люди, что такое немцы. Эээ...этот период угнетённости, пассивности во французском народе, который был первые полтора года, прошёл. Люди начали оказывать пассивное сопротивление. Кроме того, увидели, что все речи Петена, что все эти отзывы, все эти...всё это было...были пропагандные истории. И всё решительно крестьянское население, за маленькими исключениями, которые, к сожалению, нам принесли очень много зла,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2240.694,2297.626"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Эти исключения?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2297.626,2299.047"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эти исключения. . . приходило к нам с посильной помощью. Должен Вам сказать, что если б не помощь этого населения, все бы наши организации вообще не существовали. Также не надо забывать, что приходилось...не надо забывать, что нам приходилось кормить сотни и сотни людей.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2299.047,2321.728"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] This concludes...this concludes Spool 45 of the report of Mr. Bramson, and we shall continue on Spool 46. Paris, August, 194— [tape break] Paris, August, 1946, the 16th of August. We are changing spools for the continuation of Mr. Bramson’s report.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2321.728,2374.57"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Herman Barnett: Spool 46, Spool 46. Recording starts in about one minute. Spool 46, this is Herman Barnett.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2374.57,2457.553"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: This is Spool 46. This is Spool 46. Mr. Bramson continues. Paris, August the 16th, 1946, at the school of ORT, 12 rue de Saules...you say it in French?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2457.553,2482.954"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In Russian] Жак Александрович, скажите Вы по-французски.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2482.954,2486.576"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [In French]...12 rue de Saules à Paris.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2486.576,2488.96"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: 12 rue de Saules à Paris. [unintelligible]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2488.96,2492.401"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] A recording of the Illinois Institute of Technology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2492.401,2495.253"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In Russian] Also...итак, Вы нам говорили, что мирное население [пауза], те, которые были на стороне немцев—их было немного—вам очень вредили, но остальное население помогло вам поддержать эти маки, которые главным образом были беглецы от рабочей повинности и...эээ...которые боялись французов. Евреев тогда ещё среди маки было мало. Продолжайте, пожалуйста.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2495.253,2527.266"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я только что Вам сказал о том,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2527.266,2531.31"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Что?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2531.31,2533.181"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я только что Вам сказал о том, что среди французского населения произошёл большой сдвиг. Очень важным элементом этого сдвига были массовые депортации евреев с июля 1942 года. Этот факт произвёл на французское население очень тяжёлое впечатление. Были демонстрации студентов в Париже, было недовольство...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2533.181,2564.064"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Против депортации?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2564.064,2565.283"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Против депортации. Были...в Париже очень много студентов было арестовано за эти демонстрации и были отправлены в лагеря вместе с евреями. Эээ...значит, в маленьком городке Перигё, где я жил, толпы народа собрались на улице и буквально плакали, когда видели, что происходило.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2565.283,2589.832"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Расскажите нам подробно о манере ареста евреев и их депортации.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2589.832,2596.66"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: О манере ареста евреев—были две манеры. Одна манера была в оккупационной области...в оккупированной области немцами. В этой области полицейские власти находились полностью под немецким контролем и принуждены были полностью выполнять [неразборчиво]. Индивидуально, полиция очень часто предупреждала людей, или когда кого-нибудь не находила, очень не настаивала. Что же касается неоккупированной зоны, то всё это происходило исключительно в зависимости от начальника местной полиции. Были такие области—например, в нашем округе, где боль...где большинство пол...[пауза]. Были такие области, где, как наша, где большинство полицейских находились в нашей организации. Там они па...шесть тысяч человек, которым угрожал арест, и на восемьсот человек, которых они получили ясный приказ арестовать, было арестовано всего сто пятьдесят. И они этим удовольствовались. Но были другие города, где начальники полиции были [пауза] или антисемитские элементы, или пропетеновские элементы—там аресты были поголовные. Кто не мог спрятаться, был арестован.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2596.66,2706.551"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, скажите мне, тут щекотливый вопрос.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2706.551,2708.989"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2708.989,2709.927"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Нужно было, скажем, арестовать восемьсот или тысяча людей.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2709.927,2714.425"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2714.425,2714.905"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Арестовывают только сто пятьдесят, потому что симпатичные.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2714.905,2719.374"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2719.374,2720.327"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Кто были эти сто пятьдесят? Кто были эти, так сказать, козлы отпущения?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2720.327,2724.819"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эти козлы отпущения были люди, которые своевременно не спрятались. Потому что происходило это так: могу Вам точно рассказать, потому что я этим сам занимался. [Пауза] За пять дней до этой большой облавы мы получили сообщение о том, что подготовляется какая-то облава. Против кого, точно не было известно. Говорилось о том, что сосредоточены автобусы, что сосредоточены полицейские силы и так далее. Одновременно была...прошёл слух о том, один служащий префектуры нам сообщил, что [пауза] лиможская полиция потребовала у него список всех иностранных евреев, живущих в области Перигё.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2724.819,2783.681"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Какая полиция? Скажите по-французски.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2783.681,2787.931"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Из города Лимож.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2787.931,2786.105"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А скажите по-французски это.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2786.105,2787.931"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...[говорит по-французски].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2787.931,2788.504"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как было дальше?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2788.504,2788.897"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Тогда мы поняли, что дело касается евреев. Мы уже знали, что подобные облавы произошли в оккупированной области, и поэтому мы дали знать, по мере возможности, всем решительно евреям, чтобы они дер...держались начеку, и чтобы они не ночевали у себя на квартирах.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2788.897,2826.811"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Где ж они могли ночевать?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2826.811,2828.952"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Они ночевали у соседей...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2828.952,2830.997"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: У...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2830.997,2831.872"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . христиан, у евреев-французов, которых не трогали, потому что эти меры касались сначала только иностранцев-евреев. Они...некоторые уходили в сады и там они проводили ночь.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2831.872,2848.691"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это было какое время года?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2848.691,2850.347"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Это было в июле месяце 42-го года.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2850.347,2853.55"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2853.55,2855.203"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: К концу июля месяца. Были элементы, которые пренебрежительно отнеслись к нашим предупреждениям. И эти элементы—так как нужно было пару сот козлов отпущения—главным образом эти элементы и потерпели.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2855.203,2869.484"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2869.484,2870.541"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Могу сказать, что большинство арестованных—это были дети, женщины, и [пауза] взрослые люди. Потому что сначала у людей было впечатление, что будут они искать только мужчин. Мужчины спрятались, оставляли своих...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2870.541,2885.979"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво] взрослые, женщины и дети.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2885.979,2888.729"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Мужчины прятались, оставляли дома детей и жён. И они забрали жён и детей.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2888.729,2897.352"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2897.352,2898.024"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Отношение к арестованным...эээ...тоже зависело от местного начальника полиции. В большей части отношение сначала было очень корректное. Но были также области, где полиция себя некрасиво вела.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2898.024,2919.758"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А когда этих людей убирали, что...что делалось с их вещами?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2919.758,2926.254"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Можно сказать, что...что в этом смысле...в оккупированной области на их квартиры клались печати, и занимался этим специальный ликвидационный комитет по еврейским делам немецкий.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2926.254,2942.469"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Немецкий. Там были еврейские служащие?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2942.469,2945.719"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нет, там не было еврейских служащих. Там этим занималася французская полиция и гестапо.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2945.719,2952.097"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. И что они делают? Они...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2952.097,2955.019"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Они большей частью вывозили все ценные вещи и позволяли грабить остальное. Ценные вещи они сами ликвидировали—продавали, а остальное отдавали...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2955.019,2964.708"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . на ограбление?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2964.708,2966.193"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, на грабёж. Неофициально.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2966.193,2968.42"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2968.42,2969.092"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Что же касается неоккупированных зон, так полиция относилась так очень широко, давала возможность родственникам забирать все вещи или...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2969.092,2983.796"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2983.796,2987.78"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Ну, здесь это вообще была такая жизнь. Вот была облава.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2987.78,2992.121"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2992.121,2992.621"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Три дня люди прятались, на четвёртый кончились облавы, они приходили, снова на шесть месяцев спокойная жизнь. Тут же снова начинались облавы и так далее. Так что были какие-то периоды затишья, и понимаете, [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2992.621,3008.443"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Вы не забудьте в самом конце объяснить нам эту карту ОРТа, с посещением школы.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3008.443,3016.38"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я с удовольствием Вам объясню.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3016.38,3018.395"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Хорошо. Ну, вот...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3018.395,3019.302"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Вобщем, как я рассказал, это произвело на народ очень сильное впечатление.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3019.302,3026.28"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: На французов?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3026.28,3027.374"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: На французов. И тогда правительство пошло немножечко на попятную. И в течение некоторого времени официальные сообщения были о том, что это касается исключительно иностранцев, что это нежелательные элементы и так далее. Так что...эээ...но люди стали относиться ко всему этому с большим недоверием. После этих облав в этих самых наших маки появились уже более многочисленные еврейские элементы. Молодёжь еврейская тоже начала появляться. Тогда, как я Вам уже сказал, маки уже представляли из себя довольно организованную сумму на момент выброски американско-английской в Африке.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3027.374,3075.223"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. А Вы находились с ними в контакте?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3075.223,3080.27"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3080.27,3081.692"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, теперь опишите нам жизнь маки. День жизни маки.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3081.692,3088.749"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я Вам это опишу, потому что я командовал целой областью. Ну, во-первых...в своём лагере, должен Вам сказать, что...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3088.749,3101.93"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Что Вы имеете ввиду под лагерем? Лагерь был...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3101.93,3104.287"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Лагерь [пауза] лагерь, который я Вам опишу, потому что я лучше всего его знаю, так как я там провёл девять месяцев, и так как там находился наш генеральный штаб, находился в 40км от города Перигё. Находился он в глубине леса, на одной горе, с которой хорошо контролировались дороги. Попасть в этот лагерь—то, что мы называли лагерем—человеку несведущему было совершенно невозможно. Я сам раза четыре или пять раз потерял дорогу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3104.287,3139.119"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . когда шёл туда.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3139.119,3139.681"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: В этом лагере нас было двести человек. Жили мы...двести человек, из них было человек тридцать, которые работали в нашем штабе, имели там радиосообщение, имели телефон внутренний, имели в этом лагере подземные склады для амуниции...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3139.681,3166.347"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А откуда вы доставали амуницию?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3166.347,3167.863"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Вот. Амуницию мы доставали двумя способами: когда немцы после прихода в неоккупированную область распустили французскую армию, эта армия не сдала своего оружия, его припрятала. Она припрятала сток, так как много было.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3167.863,3191.37"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Припрятала что?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3191.37,3194.342"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Сток. Эээ...то, что в складах находилось.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3194.342,3196.548"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3196.548,3197.676"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English]...the ammunition dumps.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3197.676,3200.544"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Запасы. Да, запасы. После большое количество офицеров и солдат армии перешло к нам. Пропорционально, они составляли ничтожную часть, потому что это были люди дисциплированные, им велели ничем не заниматься, они ничем не занимались. Были элементы всё-таки, которые на нашу сторону перешли. Эти элементы указали нам, где мы можем раздобыть оружие. Кроме того, мы...эээ...раздобывали оружие, но некоторые вещи не могли раздобыть. Например, лёгкое вооружение, как...эээ...например, маленькие авто...автоматы называемые.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3200.544,3245.798"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Что, автоматическое оружие?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3245.798,3247.964"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, маленькие.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3247.964,3248.679"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Да...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3248.679,3249.175"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English]...automatic rifles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3249.175,3247.964"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [In Russian] Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3247.964,3248.982"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3248.982,3250.464"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И так далее. То этих вещи мы не могли раздобыть. Напротив, у нас было довольно большое количество более тяжёлого вооружения: тяжёлые пулемёты, «гаубицы», и так далее.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3250.464,3263.985"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как? Голубицы?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3263.985,3264.438"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Гаубицы.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3264.438,3265.251"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Мортиры?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3265.251,3267.048"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Мортиры, да, мортиры. И вот...эээ...тогда в области Альп уже англичане парашютировали довольно большое количество оружия. И вот тогда мы обменивали наше тяжёлое оружие на более лёгкое, которое перевозили...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3267.048,3288.443"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: С кем обменивали?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3288.443,3290.765"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: С другими маки. Да. И перевозили...и перевозили...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3290.765,3293.233"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво] Без обмена не дали бы?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3293.233,3295.779"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Им же нужно было какое-нибудь оружие тоже. Значит, кроме того, большое количество оружия приходило с немецких складов, которые у нас атаковались и грабились, набеги делались.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3295.779,3307.946"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Вы их...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3307.946,3308.633"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Большое от убитых немцев, которых мы [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3308.633,3311.011"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Ну, теперь вернёмся: жили как вы, в палатках?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3311.011,3311.604"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нет, у нас даже не было палаток. Мы были недостаточно богаты. Главным образом мы строили дома из ветвей.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3311.604,3330.822"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Строили дома...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3330.822,3332.354"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . из ветвей. Да,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3332.354,3333.182"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Шалаши.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3333.182,3335.151"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Шалаши своего рода. Нам повезло, что с нами было много дровосеков—потому что все решительно дровосеки были с нами—и они нас научили, как строить эти сооружения.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3335.151,3348.853"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Среди маки были люди не военноспособные, как, например, евреи?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3348.853,3353.285"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да,...а у нас евреи все были боеспособные. Не боеспособных мы не могли брать. Жизнь была такая тяжёлая, человек нездоровый мог выдержать в большем одну неделю, десять дней.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3353.285,3366.992"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А каким...как вы получали свои продукты?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3366.992,3370.242"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Наши продукты нам пос...эээ...приходило на помощь местное население. Происходило это таким образом: у нас по всем деревням были подпольные [пауза] были подпольные организации. Эти подпольные организации собирали у крестьян продукты или покупали продукты, и привозили нам в условленные пункты. Ночью маленькие наши отряды отправлялись туда или с автомобилями, или прямо на спине и переносили все эти продукты в лагеря.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3370.242,3410.81"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3410.81,3411.343"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Но...у нас была организована наша бойня, так как крестьяне нам поставляли скот. У нас были организованы кухни, и вообще была настоящая военная организация. Дни...день проходил очень просто: будили в шесть часов, давали полчаса на мытьё и на завтрак, в семь часов был раппорт.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3411.343,3437.021"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А где вода? Была вода?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3437.021,3438.755"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, мы выбирали места недалеко от ручьёв.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3438.755,3443.036"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3443.036,3444.098"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...в семь часов был раппорт. И аппель. Собирались все решительно перед флагом, поднимался флаг.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3444.098,3455.116"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А Петен переменил флаг?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3455.116,3458.335"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Петен оставил те же самые цветы.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3458.335,3462.897"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Цвета.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3462.897,3463.492"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Цвета. Французский флаг остался. Только [неразборчиво], где было сказано [говорит по-французски] Republique Francaise, т.е. Французская Республика, были заменены словами [говорит по-французски] Etat Francaise, т.е. французское государство. Кроме того, раньше все французские учреждения имели на своих печатях Марианн. Это символическая женщина Франции. Эээ...Петен заменил эту символическую женщину фашистским...эээ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3463.492,3490.579"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Свастикой?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3490.579,3491.532"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . знаком. Это была не свастика, это были два топора, перекрещённые. Значит, этот топор перерубал голову гидре.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3491.532,3501.734"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3501.734,3503.327"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Так вот,...эээ...перед флагом одновременно им давались сообщения, которые за ночь получали по радио. Сразу после этого часть...половина занималась всякими работами в лагере: устройство и так далее, а вторая половина ходила на маневры.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3503.327,3543.799"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Вы носили формы?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3543.799,3545.643"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...форму мы импровизировали. Нам удалось...эээ...в разных лагерях была разная форма. Эээ...нам удалось атаковать один лагерь французский, где мы нашли очень много...эээ...мундиров, так что наши отряды все были обмундированы, даже очень хорошо обмундированы. В других областях часто бедным нашим молодым людям...совсем они босиком были—совершенно ничего не было. Нам повезло, потому что нам удалось, во-первых, нам удалось...раз мы атаковали несколько немецких грузовиков, которые перевозили из одной обувной фабрики большое количество сапог и обуви, так что мы могли целую дивизию одеть. А кроме сапог нам удалось также...эээ...в одном лагере—для этого нам пришлось сделать рейд 250км—нам удалось перевезти три грузовика больших мундиров.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3545.643,3626.474"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3626.474,3628.553"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Так что к концу, я могу сказать, за несколько месяцев до моего ареста, когда начались более серьёзные военные действия, наш этот лагерь и все решительно маки нашей области были более или менее хорошо одеты. К сожалению, они были наполовину вооружены.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3628.553,3650.93"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Вернёмся теперь к [неразборчиво] облав...эээ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3650.93,3656.198"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3656.198,3656.198"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . это были первые облавы на евреев, евреи стали более...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3656.198,3661.536"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . осторожными.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3661.536,3662.098"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . осторожные и более внимательными к маки. Ну, тогда отсюда продолжайте.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3662.098,3667.769"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...должен Вам сказать, что после этих первых облав, евреи, которые до сих пор относительно пассивно переносили все свои несчастья, у них тоже переменилось [неразборчиво]. У евреев появилось желание, более сильное, чем раньше, потому что они видели всё-таки, что сопротивление организуется в мире. Чувствовалось, что Америка войдёт в войну, после они увидели, что она вошла в войну. И вот у них появилось активное желание сопротивления. До того, как я должен был окончательно покинуть город, потому что раскрыли мою деятельность, я преподавал в ОРТовской школе и заведовал ОРТовской школой в Перигё.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3667.769,3722.501"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как далеко Перигё от Виши?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3722.501,3724.563"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: От Виши километров 250.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3724.563,3727.843"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И от Парижа?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3727.843,3729.655"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И от Парижа километров 400. Перигё находится между городом Лиможем и городом Бордо. Эээ...так вот, среди молодёжи...молодёжи от четырнадцати до двадцати четырёх лет [пауза], у них появилось такое желание активно самим что-то делать. И мне удалось там организовать [неразборчиво] целую молодую группу, которая со мной была до самого конца. Должен Вам сказать, что...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3729.655,3765.587"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: «Конца» Вы считаете до Вашего ареста?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3765.587,3767.993"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нет, до моего освобождения.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3767.993,3769.962"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3769.962,3770.939"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И должен сказать, что это был единственно нормальный выход из положения. Среди этой группы, которая боролась, которая рисковала своей жизнью, было гораздо меньше потерь, чем среди евреев, которые прятались и сидели, сложа руки, ожидая, что их арестуют. Пропорционально было гораздо меньше потерь. Должен Вам сказать, что ОРТовская школа в Перигё—она...эээ...себя проявила также в области сопротивления. Потому что мы были окончательно лишены всей решительно радиоаппаратуры. И у нас в первое время не было возможности организовать никакой связи.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3770.939,3818.783"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Связь для маки?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3818.783,3820.346"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, маки.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3820.346,3820.721"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3820.721,3821.19"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И вот первые аппараты для маки и приёмники [неразборчиво] были построены у нас в школе.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3821.19,3829.275"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English]...for transmission and for reception...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3829.275,3831.29"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . reception.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3831.29,3831.945"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . were built in the ORT school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3831.945,3834.848"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [In Russian] И вот тот мальчик, который налаживал и строил эти аппараты, был после арестован и послан затем в Германию. Шестнадцатилетний мальчик, его фамилия Кан. Это был молодой...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3834.848,3849.461"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Какой? Как его фамилия?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3849.461,3852.422"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я первое имя не...Жан-Пьер, если не ошибаюсь. Жан-Пьер Кан.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3852.422,3858.365"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Жан-Пьер...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3858.365,3859.24"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Это был молодой эльзасский еврей.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3859.24,3861.536"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3861.536,3862.161"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И он, значит, он при помощи нашего инструктора строил эти аппараты. Кроме того, у нас в школе было содружество...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3862.161,3869.372"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А кто был инструктор?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3869.372,3871.465"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Инструктор—это был француз, Марсель Гудо.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3871.465,3874.917"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Он знал об этом?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3874.917,3876.539"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, да, да. Я его ввёл в это [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3876.539,3879.793"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3879.793,3880.558"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Очень много из наших учеников к концу получили медали.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3880.558,3885.504"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3885.504,3886.316"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Один из этих молодых людей находится у меня тут в школе. Он имеет две недели...две медали!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3886.316,3895.008"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: После освобождения?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3895.008,3896.358"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Уже после освобождения. Он был взят в плен [неразборчиво] и вернулся. У нас было починено очень много оружия, в школе в наших мастерских: [неразборчиво] пулемёты, ружья, револьверы. Были заделаны части для...эээ...мортир, и так далее. Всё это делалось ночью, всё это, конечно, доверялось только тем молодым людям, которым мы могли полностью доверить. Их было немного, пять—шесть человек. Эти пять-шесть человек делали замечательную работу. Эээ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3896.358,3936.324"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А французское правительство это признало?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3936.324,3939.85"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...французское правительство это признало, потому что все эти молодые люди после моего возвращения—я подал об этом заявление—все они были награждены орденами и медалями.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3939.85,3951.412"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3951.412,3952.099"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Погибло...так что сопротивление начало организоваться серьёзно к концу 42-го года. Тогда период начальной организации уже был...превозошёл. И тогда началась открытая борьба. Эта открытая борьба велась многими способами. Во-первых, террористическая работа. Было признано, что немцев нельзя оставить в покое, что они должны чувствовать себя во Франции как на вулкане. И поэтому всё время [пауза] то атаковали автомобили, то подкладывали мины под поезда, то взрывали организации гестапо или штабы и так далее.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3952.099,4014.228"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А скажите, [неразборчиво] для мирного наделения [неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4014.228,4019.081"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Очень плохие результаты.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4019.081,4022.584"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Для мирного населения?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4022.584,4023.912"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Для мирного населения. Должен Вам сказать, что к концу количество это было такое, что немцы уже не могли реагировать. Сначала они брали заложников. Они расстреливали заложников.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4023.912,4039.063"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Маки это знали?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4039.063,4040.423"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Маки это знали. После они, видя, что это происходит—обратный результат...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4040.423,4046.97"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . обратный...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4046.97,4048.298"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . обратный результат, они прямо так заложников не брали, А говорили, что арестовывают евреев или коммунистов и так далее. [Неразборчиво] брали первых людей, которые находились [неразборчиво]. Когда расстрелы...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4048.298,4059.346"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво] публично?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4059.346,4063.808"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Публично нет, но во всяком случае вывешивали огромные [неразборчиво, очень тихо]...организовали большие лагеря и начали отправлять всех заложников в центр Компьен, откуда их переправляли в Аушвиц, Бухенвальд, Монхаузен и все эти великие лагеря в Германии, где они тоже погибали, Потому что всего 20 % сосланных вернулось. А для евреев этот процент был гораздо меньшим, потому что их 110 тысяч евреев, высланных из Франции в Германию, вернулось около 6 тысяч человек.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4063.808,4120.305"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Около 6 тысяч.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4120.305,4121.876"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: 6 тысяч человек.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4121.876,4123.579"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] Of a hundred and ten thousand deported Jews from France there returned approximately six thousand.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4123.579,4134.32"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In Russian] Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4134.32,4135.653"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...ну, мы долго-долго задумывались над этим вопросом, но мы считали, что останавливаться нельзя. Мы только тогда прибегали к таким мерам: мы никогда не старались вызвать крупное количество жертв среди немцев, чтобы не вызывать среди них ещё большого озлобления. Мы не старались атаковать второстепенные всякие организации, которые чисто полицейского характера не носили. Мы...брали...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4135.653,4176.134"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4176.134,4177.399"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [Неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4177.399,4178.759"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так вы нападали на организации, которые носили полицейский характер.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4178.759,4181.62"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . полицейский характер или индустриальный характер. Вторая работа террористическая—это был так называемый саботаж. Все фабрики, которые немцам позволяли ещё работать во Франции...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4181.62,4199.575"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Немцы позволяли?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4199.575,4201.091"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Ну, да, немцы. Они работали, собственно говоря, на Германию. [Пауза] В особенности металлургическая французская промышленность [неразборчиво] как и автомобильная французская промышленность. И вот, мы начали саботировать. Самым известным актом саботажа—это был взрыв трансформатора самого большого металлургического завода во Франции «Крезот». С тех пор завод «Крезот» больше никогда не начал работать.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4201.091,4231.741"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И до сих пор не работает?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4231.741,4233.194"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нет. Теперь его возобновили после...эээ...в 44-ом году он был снова пущен в ход.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4233.194,4240.626"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Когда немцы ушли?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4240.626,4241.923"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Когда немцы ушли. Но между 42-ым и 44-ым годом завод без перебоев работал ровно неделю. После второго саботажа снова остановился. После второго саботажа немцы решили его больше не использовать.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4241.923,4257.866"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Скажите, а что сделалось с рабочими, которые были выброшены за борт во время этого саботажа? Сколько рабочих имел завод?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4257.866,4269.186"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Завод «Крезот» в тот период имел не такое большое количество рабочих. Их было около 10 тысяч.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4269.186,4275.18"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Десять?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4275.18,4275.773"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нормально было гораздо больше.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4275.773,4277.538"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Хорошо.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4277.538,4278.085"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Но эти рабочие...их же тут же на месте употребляли для того, чтобы восстанавливать снова завод. Или их переводили в другое место, а часть рабочих [неразборчиво] немцы отправляли в Германию.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4278.085,4285.568"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так там были [неразборчиво, очень тихо].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4285.568,4287.26"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, значит, мы старались, насколько возможно рабочих, которых отправляли в Германию, по дороге освободить. Должен Вам рассказать коми...комический случай, как один парень, находящийся в голове [неразборчиво], в котором было 800 человек, потом пришёл в город Лимож—этот тот, что находился в 80 км от города Перигё—там оставалось ровно 60 человек.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4287.26,4331.086"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как же им удалось бежать?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4331.086,4333.79"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Вдоль железнодорожной линии были расположены маленькие отрядики партизан, отдали приказ рабочим давить на тормоза. Поезд останавливался пять или шесть раз, и они оттуда выскакивали. Когда французы...французская полиция пробовала интервенировать, то моментально...эээ...появлялся отряд партизан, и полиция французская против партизан, можно сказать, никогда не реагировала.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4333.79,4370.973"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А скажите, а кем сопровождался поезд? [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4370.973,4373.77"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Поезд...поезд сопровождался по большей части французской полицией, которая тоже смотрела сквозь пальцы, позволяла людям убегать. Понятно, не массивно. А если человек двадцать убегало, то они на это не обращали внимания. Но понятно, такие массовые побеги могли только при помощи партизан.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4373.77,4394.831"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Ну, вот, вернемся к [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4394.831,4406.643"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Следующий элемент нашего сопротивления—это была пропаганда. Пропаганда...модно сказать, что все газеты, которые теперь выписываются и продаются в Париже—это были бывшие подземные газеты.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4406.643,4415.921"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4415.921,4416.812"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эти...ммм...эта...эти газеты—их них самая крупная была газета «Комбат».","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4416.812,4424.234"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. А она не существовала перед войной?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4424.234,4427.156"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Перед войной она не существовала. Эта газета вышла в 41-ом году. Его главным издателем и организатором был Рене.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4427.156,4437.031"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4437.031,4438.89"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Среди сотрудников этой газеты было немало евреев. [Пауза] Эээ...были другие очень крупные газеты, как «Фронтера».","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4438.89,4450.626"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А какую партию «Комбат» газета представляла?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4450.626,4452.923"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: «Комбат» во время сопротивления—это была партия социалистической молодёжи.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4452.923,4461.345"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4461.345,4461.861"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Но после она превратилась в беспартийную газету сопротивления, и так и осталась беспартийной газетой сопротивления. Было что характерно для «Комбат» в настоящий момент, что это газета, которая...ругает [смеётся, неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4461.861,4482.635"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4482.635,4486.578"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Это...это признак деголлевской армии. Это так называемый Лотаринский крест.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4486.578,4492.125"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4492.125,4493.109"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Лотаринский крест—это крест области, которая больше всего страдала всегда от немцев, был принят символом всего французского сопротивления. Все солдаты армии сопротивления освобождения французского носили эти Лотаринские кресты. [Пауза] Эээ...одной из очень важных наших деятельностей—это было подорвать влияние правительства Виши, влияние Петена. И в этой области мы вели беспощадную работу. Кроме того, мы вели борьбу со всеми фашистскими французскими организациями. Фашистские французские организации были много раз нами окончательно истребляемы во многих городах, и им прошлось их искусственно восстанавливать. Мы не останавливались...эээ...перед тем, чтобы убивать людей на улицах и так далее, чтобы прямо их терроризировать.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4493.109,4560.11"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Фашистов?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4560.11,4561.197"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Фашистов. В конце концов, французским этим организациям пришлось [пауза] реорганизироваться в военную организацию, в милицию.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4561.197,4566.325"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4566.325,4568.028"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И с этой минуты мы повели настоящую военную борьбу. Были настоящие битвы, между партизанами и этой французской милицией. Французская милиция на всей французской территории имела около сорока тысяч человек. Из неё около восемнадцати тысяч переехало вместе с Петеном в Германию.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4568.028,4593.01"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4593.01,4594.87"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: После освобождения Франции.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4594.87,4596.838"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И где они теперь?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4596.838,4598.463"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Теперь они большей частью...маленькая часть...маленькой части удалось бежать...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4598.463,4605.073"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . бежать куда?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4605.073,4605.948"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: В...эээ...они рас...эээ...в Германии спрятались между лагерями, сменили национальность, и так далее. Остальные были выданы, их небольшая часть расстреляна, остальные ждут суда.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4605.948,4622.913"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И кто их расстреливал?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4622.913,4624.32"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Первое время они...эээ...это военные суды, главным образом военные суды французской освободительной армии партизан. А после, когда военное время...военные период был объявлен оконченным во Франции они предстали перед простой французской...перед нормальными французскими судами и обвиняются в измене по отношении к Родине.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4624.32,4657.248"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. [Пауза] Теперь, как были другие случаи...я хочу на историю Вашего ареста начать новый спул. [Неразборчиво] специальные истории из жизни во Франции или [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4657.248,4685.584"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Вот я Вам могу...эээ...рассказать несколько ха...характерных таких сценок [пауза] нашей жизни. Эээ...это было в середине июля 43-го года. Нам сообщили о том, что после того, как мы сделали довольно неудачную попытку, чтобы взять в плен начальника французской внутренней полиции Бернана,...эээ...немецкие власти и Виши устроили против нас большое передвижение военных сил. Мне сообщили о том, что в десяти километрах от нашего лагеря сосредоточены несколько эскадронов так называемых. Жерме—это была военная полиция, соответствующая эсэсам. Эээ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4685.584,4757.537"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Шутцштафель?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4757.537,4760.096"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Шутцштафель. Вообщем, я решил, так как положение было серьёзное,...эээ...поехать сам на разведку. Я отправился на легковом автомобиле с несколькими людьми. В одном месте мы заметили первых мотоциклистов этих жерме. Эээ...Я заметил среди них одного офицера. Тогда я вышел и пригласил офицера, чтоб он [неразборчиво] для переговоров. Вообразите себе моё удивление, когда этот офицер подошёл ко мне, вытянулся в струнку, и представился офицером жерме такой-то и такой-то, но член секретной армии. И вообщем, мне удалось с ним заключить следующее соглашение.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4760.096,4820.949"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] We have to interrupt at a very interesting point...we have to interrupt at a very interesting point [unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4820.949,4842.776"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Spool 48. Paris, August the 16th. Continuation of Mr. Bramson’s report.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4842.776,4852.792"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In Russian] Но Вы говорите, что Вы в конце уже не были в Бухенвальде. Каким образом это случилось?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4852.792,4859.835"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Дело в том, что раньше, чем сдать лагерь Бухенвальд американцам,...эээ...немцы выбрали...эээ...пятнадцать тысяч человек, которых они решили отправить как заложников в лагерь в Дахау, т.е. в области, где ещё близко не находились американские войска. Это была часть Германии, где они ещё надеялись сопротивляться. И я принадлежал к этой группе.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4859.835,4887.4"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Почему они называли их заложниками?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4887.4,4889.37"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Они их...потому что в этот момент...эээ...мнение Геббельса было таково, что надо обязательно иметь людей, которые бы отвечали за жизнь, потому что рассказывали всякие истории о том, что американцы и...ммм...русские убивают моментально эсэсов, которые они берут и так далее.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4889.37,4915.611"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А это было...разве не было правдой в известных случаях?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4915.611,4918.207"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: В известных случаях, может, это было правдой, но поскольку я видел американцев, французов и англичан эсэсов не убивали [неразборчиво]. К ним строже относились, чем к другим пленным, но они считались как военнопленные.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4918.207,4936.122"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А маки?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4936.122,4937.674"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: А вот партизаны, и кроме того, население, очень часто их уничтожало. Партизаны относились к ним совершенно беспощадно.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4937.674,4948.225"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4948.225,4949.165"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: По дороге нас гнали пешком. Мы сделали около трёхсот километров пешком.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4949.165,4958.841"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Сколько дней?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4958.841,4960.163"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Шли мы около двух недель.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4960.163,4962.674"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: О! Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4962.674,4964.365"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1846","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Кормили нас...мы получали по стакану зерна в день. Это было нежжёное зерно.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4964.365,4973.157"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1847","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Что это—нежжёное зерно? Не молоченое?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4973.157,4974.822"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1848","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Не молоченое зерно.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4974.822,4976.605"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1849","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Что это было: рожь? Ячмень?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4976.605,4978.283"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Главным образом, это была пшеница.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4978.283,4980.804"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Пшеница. Ели зерно?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4980.804,4982.859"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Ели зерно, у большинство людей появилась дизентерия. Начиная с третьего дня люди падали по дороге. Эсэсы их тут же приканчивали. За каждой колонной ходила группа истребителей, которые убивали всех отстающих.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4982.859,4999.939"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как они их убивали?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4999.939,5001.384"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1854","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Они прямо выстрелом или из револьвера, или из ружья.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5001.384,5006.18"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1855","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Мужчины и женщины тоже были?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5006.18,5008.917"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1856","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: У нас только мужчины,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5008.917,5010.47"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1857","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5010.47,5011.023"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1858","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . женщин с нами не было.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5011.023,5012.222"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1859","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5012.222,5013.021"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1860","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...я сам должен был отнести в канаву на дороге моего товарища Жусса, очень известного авиатора, который первый вместе с Хермозом перелетел Южную Атлантику.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5013.021,5029.887"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1861","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Какой авиатор?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5029.887,5030.912"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1862","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Хермоз.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5030.912,5032.605"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1863","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Французский авиатор?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5032.605,5034.111"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1864","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, да. Это был Жусс, это был помощник Хермоза.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5034.111,5039.884"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1865","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Какое его имя?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5039.884,5041.064"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1866","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Жус? Его имя пишется Ж...о...у...два с.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5041.064,5052.672"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1867","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это его имя?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5052.672,5054.241"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1868","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да. Жусс.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5054.241,5055.173"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1869","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5055.173,5057.565"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1870","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, он очень знаменитый человек. Это он с Хермозом перелетел в первый раз Южную...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5057.565,5062.835"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1871","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Атлантику.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5062.835,5063.519"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1872","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Атлантику.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5063.519,5064.327"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1873","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5064.327,5064.824"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1874","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Так я должен был сам отвести в канаву, где при моих глазах тут же его прикончил...эээ...потому что больше ходить не мог. Я ему...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5064.824,5075.013"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1875","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Его сперва переводили в канаву, а потом...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5075.013,5077.747"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1876","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я должен был его перенести туда, потому что иначе его бы растоптала толпа, которая...он упал уже на месте. Чтоб его толпа не растоптала, я должен был его отнести.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5077.747,5090.502"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1877","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5090.502,5091.248"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1878","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И наша группа была сначала пять тысяч человек.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5091.248,5094.852"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1879","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5094.852,5095.659"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1880","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: После...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5095.659,5096.684"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1881","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Вы сказали пятнадцать или...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5096.684,5098.851"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1882","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Пять. В нашей...в моей группе было пять тысяч.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5098.851,5101.713"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1883","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5101.713,5102.181"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1884","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: После [пауза] количество с каждым днём уменшивалось. В конце нас осталось, после недели,...эээ...нас остались две колоны по тысяче человек.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5102.181,5118.135"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1885","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. А сколько...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5118.135,5120.224"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1886","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Все остальные были убиты по дороге.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5120.224,5122.298"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1887","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: По дороге. Что их, хоронили или что?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5122.298,5125.635"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1888","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нет, оставляли лежать. Они ещё лежали...я после этого ехал на автомобиле пятнадцать дней позже, ещё почти что все трупы лежали разлагалися.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5125.635,5136.277"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1889","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5136.277,5137.089"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1890","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Так. В этом...после...к концу мы...ммм...нас...приблизительно 20-го апреля нас оставалась небольшая группа, около тысяча человек, которая шла в пяти колоннах. Надо сказать, что эсэс, которые нас аккомпанировали, находились не в лучшем положении, чем мы. Они были ужасно расслаблены,...эээ...[пауза]. Их положение усложнялось ещё тем, что мы все наши вещи бросили, а им приходилось ещё таскать всё оружие и мешки.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5137.089,5186.662"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1891","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А что они ели?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5186.662,5188.581"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1892","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Ели они лучше нас, но ели тоже очень плохо. Воровали в деревнях немножко картошки и так далее.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5188.581,5197.243"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1893","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Эсэс?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5197.243,5198.303"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1894","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да. [Неразборчиво] у нас фактически не было. [Пауза] Американская армия передвигалась за нами с той же быстротой, что и мы. Мы всё время находились приблизительно в пятнадцати—двадцати километрах от фронта.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5198.303,5224.077"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1895","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5224.077,5225.076"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1896","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И каждые полчаса мы надеялись, что мы будем освобождены, и каждый раз эти надежды не...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5225.076,5237.378"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1897","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . не выполнялись...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5237.378,5238.158"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1898","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . не выполнялись. Один раз, когда мы были на горе, то внизу видели атаку американских танками одной антитанковой немецкой батареи.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5238.158,5250.037"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1899","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5250.037,5238.158"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1900","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...но [пауза] американцы остановились после этого на два дня, и мы снова передвинулись на тридцать километров на юг.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5238.158,5250.037"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1901","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, а вы показывали какие-нибудь знаки радости или удовольствия?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5250.037,5254.91"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1902","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, [неразборчиво] не произвело. Наши конвоиры были уже так измучены и усталы, что они автоматически выполняли приказы офицеров, которые разъезжали на машине и на велосипедах.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5254.91,5270.049"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1903","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5270.049,5270.892"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1904","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Ммм...никакой реакции. Они автоматически убивали людей, если велели кормить, они бы их кормили...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5270.892,5278.968"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1905","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Это были эсэс?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5278.968,5280.123"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1906","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Это были эсэс.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5280.123,5281.801"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1907","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5281.801,5282.426"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1908","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Мы видели, что наша группа всё таяла и таяла. В один прекрасный день мы услышали пулемётный огонь. По этому огню мы решили, что борьба происходит недалеко, в пятнадцати—двенадцати километрах.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5282.426,5300.061"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1909","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5300.061,5300.749"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1910","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И поэтому мы решили рисковать.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5300.749,5303.725"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1911","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5303.725,5304.381"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1912","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...мы собрались...эээ...целая группа людей, которые...которая между собой была знакома, и решили отстать. И понемногу начали отставать, сформировали небольшую колону, которая стала [неразборчиво] всего десяток расслабленных эсэсовцев.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5304.381,5325.647"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1913","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5325.647,5326.553"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1914","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Пулемётный огонь всё время приближался.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5326.553,5328.913"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1915","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это были все французы или...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5328.913,5331.974"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1916","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Было там несколько поляков, русских и французов.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5331.974,5335.443"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1917","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А евреи были там?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5335.443,5336.568"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1918","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Среди нас евреев не было.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5336.568,5338.451"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1919","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . среди вас евреев не было.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5338.451,5340.498"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1920","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Евреи были в другой группе, которая находилась в километре перед нами.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5340.498,5344.982"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1921","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5344.982,5345.639"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1922","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Они были освобождены на день поз...на день после нас.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5345.639,5349.092"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1923","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. И вот?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5349.092,5350.326"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1924","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Мы тогда бросились на эсэссов. Несколько человек пробовало защищаться, другие бросили оружие и удрали.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5350.326,5360.753"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1925","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. А те, которые пробовали защищаться?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5360.753,5362.974"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1926","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . защищаться, тех мы прикончили.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5362.974,5364.677"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1927","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5364.677,5365.318"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1928","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Мы взяли их оружие и удрали в лес.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5365.318,5368.787"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1929","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5368.787,5371.381"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1930","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нас было...ммм...между шестидесятью и восьмидесятью.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5371.381,5374.816"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1931","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. И вы удрали в лес.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5374.816,5376.91"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1932","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Через...эээ...часа четыре первые американские части прошли через этот лес. Тогда мы вышли из леса.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5376.91,5386.985"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1933","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А американцы вас узнали?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5386.985,5388.86"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1934","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, мы же были в полосатых одеждах лагерных.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5388.86,5393.485"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1935","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Ну?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5393.485,5394.61"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1936","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Ну,...эээ...американцы в тот же день догнали эти две колоны, которые были перед нами—одна состояла главным образом из евреев, а другая была смешанная—и их тоже освободили.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5394.61,5408.334"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1937","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5408.334,5409.303"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1938","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [Пауза] Мы...по совету американских офицеров мы отправились на север, где нам обещали помощь. Помощь нам, фактически, не оказали. Но американцы нам позволил реквизировать всё, что нам было нужно, и мы организовались [неразборчиво] французов в маленьком городке Фрейзинг, который находится недалеко от города Ханн.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5409.303,5439.249"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1939","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Немецкий город?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5439.249,5440.593"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1940","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, немецкий. Баварский город Фрейзинг.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5440.593,5443.294"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1941","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как пишется?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5443.294,5444.61"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1942","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Ф –р- е-й-н-а-с","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5444.61,5447.375"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1943","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . з—и...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5447.375,5449.063"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1944","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . н—г...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5449.063,5450.672"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1945","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Фрейзинг.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5450.672,5451.922"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1946","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Фрейзинг.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5451.922,5452.766"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1947","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Что вы организовали в этом городе?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5452.766,5455.141"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1948","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: После этого, в согласии с американским командованием, мы перевели на себя руководство всей области.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5455.141,5464.157"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1949","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5464.157,5464.563"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1950","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Так что мы там организовали госпиталь для раненых, для больных. Мы там организовали снабжение, мы там организовали полицию, которая занималась нашими делами так и делами городская сеть и окрестности. И мы занимались тем, что пробовали войти в контакт—об эвакуации ещё не было речи, фронт был ещё длинным—мы пробовали войти в контакт с французскими отрядами, которые находились тоже недалеко от события.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5464.563,5495.173"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1951","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. А как немцы к этому отнеслись?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5495.173,5498.204"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1952","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Немцы совершенно потеряли голову. Они в течение трёх дней ходили всё время или с белыми повязками на рукавах, или с белыми флажками на шляпах.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5498.204,5509.178"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1953","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Не было попытки их арестовать?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5509.178,5514.659"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1954","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Все...все решительно эсэс, которых мы встречали, они были моментально убиты. Поймали мы также нескольких наших бывших...эээ...людей, которые занимали посты форарбайтеров, капо и так далее в лагерях, тоже очень многие были убиты. Арестовывали...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5514.659,5529.768"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1955","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво] капо почему?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5529.768,5530.893"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1956","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Это...они больше всего нас преследовали в лагерях, Не смотря на то, что были такие же заключённые, как мы.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5530.893,5541.022"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1957","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5541.022,5542.76"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1958","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Среди французов было очень мало их, потому как французы...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5542.76,5548.163"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1959","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А кто они были?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5548.163,5549.538"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1960","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Кроме того...главным образом, это были немцы...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5549.538,5554.476"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1961","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5554.476,5555.851"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1962","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . и поляки. Немцы и поляки, главным образом. Было маленькое количество чехов, но чехи, французы, бельгийцы...эээ...вели себя очень прилично большей частью.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5555.851,5575.145"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1963","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Были и евреи?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5575.145,5576.02"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1964","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Самое ужасное...евреев в Бухенвальде не было. Евреев было много в других лагерях. Но в Бухенвальде еврейских капо не было.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5576.02,5585.364"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1965","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Что это за название «капо»?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5585.364,5588.614"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1966","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Это от латинского слова «caput»—голова.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5588.614,5591.871"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1967","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага, так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5591.871,5592.715"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1968","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Так вот эти самые...и многих мы узнали, и которые не спрятались, были повешены. Кроме того, арестовывали мы—все немцы старались пере...переодеваться в штатскую одежду, чтобы не попасть в плен.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5592.715,5611.637"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1969","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5611.637,5613.105"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1970","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Мы арестовывали всю решительно молодёжь и доставляли их в американские лагеря.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5613.105,5618.714"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1971","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5618.714,5619.479"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1972","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5619.479,5621.182"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1973","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А питались вы чем?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5621.182,5623.354"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1974","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Питались мы тем, что реквизировали у немецкого населения.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5623.354,5626.994"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1975","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. А как население к этому относилось?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5626.994,5629.681"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1976","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Население вело себя [пауза] очень спокойно, и все...низко себя вело. Я никогда не ожидал от немцев такой ни...унижения такого.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5629.681,5643.703"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1977","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5643.703,5644.578"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1978","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да. В этом...мы вошли в контакт с французскими отрядами.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5644.578,5651.156"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1979","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5651.156,5651.906"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1980","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И когда у нас положение стало налаживаться,...эээ...одна французская колона снабжения, после того как прибыла и привела милицию [неразборчиво], заехала в наш городок и нас забрала.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5651.906,5669.374"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1981","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Т.е., взяла с собой?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5669.374,5671.593"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1982","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, всех французов, бельгийцев и голландцев с собой забрала, и всех решительно людей, которые происходили...которые были арестованы во Франции. Среди них было также немало евреев.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5671.593,5681.706"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1983","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5681.706,5682.518"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1984","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я с ними доехал до города Бромберга.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5682.518,5686.973"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1985","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Немецкий город?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5686.973,5688.066"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1986","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Немецкий город.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5688.066,5688.972"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1987","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5688.972,5689.784"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1988","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: В городе Бромберге...там...эээ...мои товарищи были отправлены в центр, который занимался тем, что репатриировал людей во Францию, а...ммм...несколько человек из нас—так как мы не хотели ждать—решили собственными средствами добраться.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5689.784,5715.099"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1989","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5715.099,5715.849"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1990","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я пошёл вот представиться к французскому коменданту, который был офицером связи с американцами. Он меня...нас представил американскому генералу—я не помню его фамилию—и тот попросил врача военных транспортов, чтобы он нас забрал. На военных транспортах мы доехали до города Майнца. За городом Майнцом уже стояли французские гарнизоны. Так что французские офицера нас на своих автомобилях довезли до первого приёмного пункта для беженцев из Германии. Там нас одели, дезинфекцировали и привезли в Париж.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5715.849,5761.443"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1991","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Ну, что Вы нашли в Париже?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5761.443,5766.506"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1992","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: В Париже, понятно, мы были очень разочарованы. [Пауза] Потому что, понимаете, когда мы вели эту борьбу, боролись и так далее—может, это было не совсем логично—но мы сами себя убеждали,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5766.506,5787.621"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1993","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5787.621,5788.214"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1994","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . что мы делаем что-то такое [со смехом]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5788.214,5790.053"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1995","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . очень важное.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5790.053,5791.178"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1996","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . будущее, идеальное и так далее. Ну, а нашли мы Париж в очень плохом экономическом состоянии, царил настоящий голод. Встретили нас, правда, замечательно, но повсюду люди страдали.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5791.178,5806.912"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1997","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5806.912,5807.912"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1998","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Население на улицах и всюду..., нам всюду приносили подарки.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5807.912,5813.371"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/1999","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как они узнавали вас?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5813.371,5815.715"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2000","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нас легко было узнать, мы были все такие худые. Я потерял свыше 20 кило, например. У нас у всех были срезанные волосы, и мы ходили ещё в полосатых костюмах.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5815.715,5830.121"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2001","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5830.121,5830.683"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2002","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Так что нас приняли замечательно, с большим энтузиазмом отправили...к сожалению, очень много наших товарищей умерло после приезда уже во Францию.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5830.683,5842.23"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2003","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Эээ...отчего они умерли?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5842.23,5843.933"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2004","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Главным образом истощение.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5843.933,5845.949"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2005","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Нельзя было их подкормить? Нельзя было...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5845.949,5849.324"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2006","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Очень...большинство было спасено, но очень многие были ещё ослаблены тем, что в первый момент ещё освобождения они набросились на пищу, что вызвало всякие осложнения, как дизентерия и так далее.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5849.324,5865.121"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2007","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5865.121,5865.871"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2008","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: У меня пять или шесть моих товарищей скончались в госпитале в Париже.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5865.871,5870.199"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2009","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5870.199,5871.527"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2010","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Несмотря на все старания самых лучших профессоров и так далее.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5871.527,5876.902"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2011","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5876.902,5878.683"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2012","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Значит, наше разочарование вызвано было тем, что, к сожалению, по прежнему царил ещё этот кошмар во Франции—чёрный рынок,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5878.683,5892.37"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2013","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5892.37,5893.089"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2014","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . что бедным элементам было очень тяжело, между тем как всякие нувориши позволяли себе невероятные вещи.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5893.089,5901.347"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2015","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А кто были эти нувориши?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5901.347,5903.659"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2016","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Это были люди, которые разбогатели...эээ...или сотрудничая с немцами, или занимаясь чёрным рынком, или...эээ...всякими манипуляциями с американцами и так далее.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5903.659,5921.346"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2017","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Ну?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5921.346,5924.15"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2018","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Кроме того, что на нас произвело нехорошее впечатление, что сразу после освобождения Франции...началась эта подземная политическая борьба. Снова. Открыто не велась, открыто это был общий фронт, но внутри были постоянные интриги и происходили многие совершенно некрасивые вещи...эээ...для этого периода. [Пауза] Кроме того,...эээ...во Франции произошёл тот факт, который, к сожалению, логично должен был произойти. Самые лучшие элементы сопротивления [пауза] состояли во главе военных групп. Во главе этих военных групп они находились на фронте. А всё решительно административное дело в руки взяли второстепенные элементы,...что вызвало это ослабление влияния сил сопротивления, ослабление моральной силы которого представляли эти группировки, а главным образом, тем, что большинство из этих людей пришли в движение в последний момент и не видели во всём этом ничего другого, как возможность сделать блестящую карьеру.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5924.15,6017.681"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2019","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Кто это были, которые пришли?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6017.681,6020.041"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2020","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Все они...например, высшие элементы были как простые офицера на фронте...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6020.041,6026.518"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2021","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6026.518,6027.111"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2022","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . потому что они стояли во главе своих отрядов, во главе...ммм...всех своих организаций, были включены в армию. Однако надо было перестроить всю организацию, надо было организовать снабжение и так далее. И к этому пришли люди, которые до сих пор фактически ничего не делали, потому что другие все находились на фронте. Так что, вообщем, перестройка морали во Франции была поручена в тот момент вовсе не тем, которым полагалось взять её в руки, а элементам...эээ...совершенно неопределённым. Это было фактом, что и очистка среди администрации и так далее шла сравнительно медленно и не смогла быть проведена в нужном [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6027.111,6076.931"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2023","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. А скажите, почему силы резистанские не настаивали на том, чтобы...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6076.931,6083.571"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2024","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Силы...дело в том, что все силы резистанс находились на фронте: или на Атлантическом фронте, или в Германии. Первая армия французская состояла главным образом из сил резистанса. Эта армия была...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6083.571,6097.895"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2025","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Первая армия, которая сформировалась после...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6097.895,6100.66"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2026","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, она состояла из наших...Нет, она была сформирована уже раньше, потому что юг Франции был освобождён ещё до освобождения Парижа.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6100.66,6112.91"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2027","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Каким образом?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6112.91,6113.785"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2028","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: В результате...эээ...партизанских сил. Область, в которой я находился—там ни одного никогда ни англичанина, ни американца, ни одного деголлевца не было. Все города [неразборчиво]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6113.785,6128.129"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2029","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво] после...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6128.129,6130.381"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2030","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нет.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6130.381,6130.865"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2031","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6130.865,6131.865"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2032","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Нет, [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6131.865,6132.457"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2033","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6132.457,6133.175"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2034","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: В этой области были [неразборчиво] партизанские отряды, например, города Бордо...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6133.175,6138.324"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2035","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6138.324,6139.043"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2036","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . Лимож, Ля Рошель, Тулуза—все это города—там никогда не было ни деголлевцев, ни американцев, ни англичан. Эта часть Франции была освобождена исключительно партизанами.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6139.043,6154.65"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2037","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А каково было отношение партизан к де Голлю?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6154.65,6157.44"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2038","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Все решительно партизаны были...находились под командованием де Голля, и все они были деголлевцами.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6157.44,6169.109"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2039","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. [Пауза] А чем объясняется то, что [неразборчиво] так сказать.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6169.109,6175.628"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2040","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я не сказал бы, что де Голль в тени. Де Голль ушёл сам. Это вызвано тем, что де Голль не политик, да Голль только военный. И его некоторые взгляды не соответствуют идее французской демократической. И поэтому он сам ушёл.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6175.628,6194.617"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2041","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6194.617,6195.492"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2042","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...дело в том, что...эээ...де Голль сделал, несмотря на большое уважение и любовь, которые к нему имеют, сделал много грубых политических ошибок из-за своего чисто военного темперамента. И для блага внутреннего положения Франции, и частично для наружного, он совершенно правильно поступил, что ушёл со своего поста.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6195.492,6228.173"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2043","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Ну, теперь скажите, что Вы потом начали делать, когда вернулись в Париж?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6228.173,6233.782"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2044","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Когда я вернулся в Париж, моё здоровье было очень расшатано. Мне предписали уехать. Эээ...здесь была очень трогательная сторона: организация сопротивления устроили для нас...для нескольких моих товарищей и меня специальный дом отдыха, который был построен на том месте, где когда-то находился мой штаб в лесу, про который я говорил.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6233.782,6265.072"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2045","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Там построили новый дом или что?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6265.072,6267.987"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2046","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Там рядом находился маленький дворец, который они реквизировали для нас. Мы там жили, проводили там время. Этот дворец находился несколько километров от того места, [неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6267.987,6281.358"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2047","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А Вы были там сколько?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6281.358,6283.066"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2048","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Я пробыл там шесть недель.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6283.066,6284.347"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2049","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Шесть недель...[неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6284.347,6287.91"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2050","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [Неразборчиво] это французские организации...нас представляли, у нас всё время были визиты, люди приезжали на автобусах. Хорошо было.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6287.91,6298.371"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2051","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А потом Вас связали с ОРТом опять?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6298.371,6302.252"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2052","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эээ...когда я вернулся,...эээ...так мне ОРТ сделал предложение снова сотрудничать. Я в первый момент ещё колебался, потому что мне предложили [неразборчиво] пост в военном министерстве.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6302.252,6318.52"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2053","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6318.52,6318.958"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2054","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Но я не был во всём согласен...с политическими течениями, которые тогда существовали в военных кругах, и поэтому я от этого поста отказался и принял управление ОРТовскими школами в Париже.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6318.958,6341.333"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2055","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Скажите мне вот что, Гн. Брамсон, как в ретроспективе...Какие были...эээ...какие-нибудь особые моменты...Вы так никогда до Дахау не дошли?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6341.333,6358.048"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2056","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: До Дахау я не дошёл.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6358.048,6359.938"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2057","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Хорошо. Скажите, есть какие-нибудь особые моменты,...так сказать, которые Вы считаете важными, так сказать, и интересными?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6359.938,6373.626"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2058","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: В каком смысле? В личном смысле или...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6373.626,6375.454"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2059","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Давайте возьмём оба. Есть вопросы, которые я не мог задать другим, [неразборчиво, большие помехи]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6375.454,6383.544"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2060","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6383.544,6384.231"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2061","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Что [неразборчиво], что происходило в половом и сексуальном отношение, скажем, в Бухенвальде.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6384.231,6400.275"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2062","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: В этом отношении людей надо было разделить сначала на две категории, а после эти категории ещё на другие.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6400.275,6412.619"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2063","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так, продолжайте.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6412.619,6413.775"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2064","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эти две большие категории...была одна, которая находилась в таком физическом и моральном состоянии усталости и измождении, что для неё половой вопрос практически не существовал. Я знаю, что для меня после месяца пребывания в лагере этот вопрос практически перестал существовать. Это было такое состояние физического голода, что этот вопрос не существовал. В лагере были другие элементы, которые работали не тяжело, которые сравнительно могли—потому что они крали—сравнительно хорошо питаться.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6413.775,6457.781"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2065","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А у кого они крали?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6457.781,6458.969"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2066","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Они крали у своих товарищей. Это были, прежде всего, капо, форарбайтеры...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6458.969,6463.212"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2067","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6463.212,6463.743"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2068","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Они крали пакеты, они крали на кухне...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6463.743,6467.262"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2069","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6467.262,6467.855"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2070","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И вся эта администрация лагерная, и несколько там людей, которые подлизывались к ним, так вот у этих элементов этот вопрос существовал, да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6467.855,6479.978"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2071","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как они её решали?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6479.978,6481.619"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2072","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Решали её [неразборчиво]. Должен Вам сказать—многие люди не верят—дело в том, то немцы [пауза] вот с 1943 года устроили в лагерях публичные дома.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6481.619,6497.543"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2073","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6497.543,6498.324"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2074","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [неразборчиво] были элементы, которые регулярно посещали эти публичные дома.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6498.324,6504.469"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2075","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Что? Они платили за это?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6504.469,6505.907"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2076","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: За это платили.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6505.907,6507.782"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2077","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Откуда они брали деньги?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6507.782,6509.032"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2078","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Деньги они не брали, но дело в том, что за нашу работу в лагерях нам теоретически платили лагерными бонами. Проституткам платили лагерными бонами.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6509.032,6523.645"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2079","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6523.645,6525.223"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2080","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [Неразборчиво] эти деньги.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6525.223,6532.473"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2081","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6532.473,6536.384"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2082","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [Неразборчиво] и под полицейским присмотром тоже.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6536.384,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2083","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. И что, надо было просить разрешение?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,6536.384"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2084","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Надо было обратиться к лагерному, значит,...эээ...[неразборчиво] к блоку получить разрешение. Нам он давал письмо, тогда мы шли к врачу на осмотр, врач находил, что мы можем идти туда. Оттуда выходили, мы получали впрыскивание и дело к концу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6536.384,6563.299"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2085","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, а другая категория?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6563.299,6566.283"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2086","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Другая категория—это люди, которые очень давно находились в лагерях. Главным образом, это были немцы и поляки.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6566.283,6573.545"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2087","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6573.545,6574.514"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2088","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И...среди которых необычайно было распространено [неразборчиво] всякие рукоблудия и тому подобные вещи.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6574.514,6589.321"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2089","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. И?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6589.321,6592.999"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2090","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Это у них было очень много. Такого количества [неразборчиво] я никогда не воображал.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6592.999,6601.045"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2091","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6601.045,6602.385"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2092","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Должен сказать, что среди...эээ...немецких заключенных старых политических много [неразборчиво] было 20 %.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6602.385,6615.351"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2093","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это полититческие?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6615.351,6618.078"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2094","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . которые уже сидели много-много лет. [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6618.078,6621.265"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2095","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И они удовлетворяли свои...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6621.265,6627.884"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2096","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Это происходило, конечно, довольно комичном образом. Вы же знаете, что в лагерях были не только политические заключённые. Мы были смешаны вместе с уголовными преступниками, с ворами, а также [неразборчиво] по цвету треугольников, которые мы носили на груди.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6627.884,6646.385"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2097","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6646.385,6647.102"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2098","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И вот там была специальная категория—сексуальные преступники.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6647.102,6653.549"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2099","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6653.549,6654.266"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Эти сексуальные преступники...входила категория [неразборчиво]...тоже доставляли в лагеря. И вот сначала они были в своём блоке.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6654.266,6668.68"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6668.68,6669.49"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Отдельный блок, и они там вели такую роскошную жизнь, что эсэсовцы [неразборчиво]. Они начали считать, что попали не в лагерь, а попали в рай [смеётся].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6669.49,6688.66"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6688.66,6689.47"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И вот вообщем их после разогнали по всем решительно блокам [говорит со смехом].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6689.47,6691.631"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И сказалось их влияние?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6691.631,6693.33"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [Неразборчиво] влияние—это чересчур, во всяком случае, они [неразборчиво] драки, неприятности и так далее.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6693.33,6703.939"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А скажите мне, Вы встречались, например, с кем-нибудь, с теми молодыми людьми, которых я теперь интервьюирую в Бусикау? Они где были, в отдельных блоках?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6703.939,6716.175"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Видите, это были не старые бухенвальдцы. Это была молодёжь, которая была раньше в Аушвице и других лагерях.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6716.175,6723.329"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6723.329,6723.921"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Их перевели в Бухенвальд только после того, как русские заняли эту область.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6723.921,6728.527"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6728.527,6729.4"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Так что эта молодёжь...она находилась...эээ...она была разбросана. Часть находилась в Большом лагере—были отдельные два блока для молодёжи.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6729.4,6743.643"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6743.643,6744.407"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: А часть находилась в Маленьком лагере. К этому моменту я имел контакты гораздо меньше, так как тогда, когда их привезли, я работал уже не в лагере в Бухенвальде, а каждое утро уходил на работу в Ваймер и вернулся только вечером.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6744.407,6761.085"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ваймер?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6761.085,6761.958"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Ваймер, да, да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6761.958,6763.22"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А разве Ваймер не был бомбардирован тогда?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6763.22,6767.463"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Ваймер был бомбардирован три раза, но это ещё один из немецких городов, который не очень пострадал.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6767.463,6776.475"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6776.475,6777.302"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Гораздо больше пострадал сам лагерь в Бухенвальде. Потому что лагери в Бухенвальде—это были заводы, которые строили фау-айнс. Фау- айнс—это летающие бомбы немецкие.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6777.302,6787.461"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: О! V-one?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6787.461,6789.866"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: V-one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6789.866,6795.674"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Да. [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6795.674,6796.167"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . бомбардировали. Да, да, да. Но надо сказать, что бомбардировка была произведена исключительно [неразборчиво]. Этот завод начинался в двадцати метрах от лагеря.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6796.167,6816.691"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6816.691,6817.524"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И располагался...полтора километра длиной.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6817.524,6823.055"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6823.055,6823.589"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Этот завод до единого камня был уничтожен; в лагерь попала всего лишь одна бомба [пауза], которая жертв тоже не сделала в самом лагере.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6823.589,6836.841"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6836.841,6837.815"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, так что были жертвы только среди заключённых, которые в тот момент работали на заводе. Были убиты около двухсот пятидесяти эсэсов и около двухсот заключённых.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6837.815,6850.6"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, да. [Неразборчиво, очень тихо]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6850.6,6855.817"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Между прочим, в связи с тем я могу рассказать интересную историю об этой бомбардировке.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6855.817,6863.234"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6863.234,6864.114"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Место, где находится лагерь Бухенвальд—это гора над городом [пауза], над городом Ваймером.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6864.114,6873.76"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6873.76,6874.793"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И вот эта гора над городом Ваймером была любимым местом Гёте.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6874.793,6882.226"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво, очень тихо]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6882.226,6884.964"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И в центре лагеря Бухенвальда, [неразборчиво, сильные помехи] находился знаменитый дуб, который назывался дубом Гёте.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6884.964,6897.779"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Да, айхе.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6897.779,6900.151"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И вот все решительно деревья в лагере были уничтожены, но был...эээ...приказ этого дуба не трогать.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6900.151,6911.892"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага. Они были уничтожены немцами?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6911.892,6916.196"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Немцами.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6916.196,6926.717"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага, так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6926.717,6927.28"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И вот...эээ...существует легенда. Это не только легенда, а это письмо...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6927.28,6931.802"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6931.802,6932.011"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . которое Гёте написал своему какому-то другу. И в этом письме Гёте говорит: «Когда у меня [неразборчиво], подымаюсь, подхожу к своему дубу и смотрю на него, и тогда надежда ко мне...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6932.011,6949.157"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . возвращается?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6949.157,6949.907"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: . . . возвращается. Он такой могущественный, такой сильный, что олицетворяет для меня могущество нашего народа. [Пауза] И покаместь этот дуб будет стоять, немецкий народ будет тоже стоять». И сейчас все решительно с нетерпением ждали конца дуба [смеётся]. Так эта легенда усиленно рассказывалась в лагере. И эта единственная американская бомба, которая попала в лагерь Бухенвальд, попала именно в этот дуб. [Пауза] Этот дуб начал гореть. Так как он наполовину сгорел и так как он грозил тем, что упадёт на кухню, комендант лагеря по рупору велел передать, что ищет охотников, которые желают прийти, чтобы свалить дерево.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6949.907,7007.501"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7007.501,7008.407"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И к этому дереву бросился настоящий потоп.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7008.407,7014.608"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7014.608,7015.326"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Запрещено в лагере топоры, пилы и всё, что Вы хотите. Я не знаю, откуда у всех заключённых появились пилы, топоры и несколько сот человек—две минуты после того, как это объявили—помчались на эту площадь [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7015.326,7035.294"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И срубили дерево?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7035.294,7036.512"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: И срубили этот дуб [смеётся].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7036.512,7038.854"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Это интересно. И сколько вы ещё находились в Бухенвальде?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7038.854,7046.243"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [Неразборчиво] это, значит, был август месяц...Это август?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7046.243,7058.17"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Да, да, да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7058.17,7058.919"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Тогда в апреле мы были освобождены, через семь месяцев.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7058.919,7065.39"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: О! Через семь месяцев!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7065.39,7070.201"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7070.201,7071.2"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво] Было грустно?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7071.2,7073.25"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7073.25,7077.204"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Не было разочарования?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7077.204,7077.988"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да, было. Но Германия начала [неразборчиво] [говорит со смехом]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7077.988,7090.224"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7090.224,7092.597"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [Неразборчиво] было ещё одно приятное явление.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7092.597,7107.947"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7107.947,7108.992"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: В этом...когда мы выходили из лагеря, чтобы идти на работу, мы проходили так называемую Тарахавег.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7108.992,7110.881"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Тараха...вег?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7110.881,7113.191"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да. Тарахавег—это была улица, которая [неразборчиво]. Когда-то в наши времена это было уничтожено. По этой улице нельзя было пройти, нужно было только бегать. Заключённые имели право только бегать.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7113.191,7107.947"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Почему?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7107.947,7108.992"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Вот, так они хотели. Там были [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7108.992,7110.881"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как Вы пишете это?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7110.881,7113.191"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Тарахо—как вы произносите.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7113.191,7117.624"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага. Хорошо. Тараховег.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7117.624,7121.635"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: Да. Так вот в середине этой Тараховег стоял памятник, изображающий немецкий орёл, который держал свастику в руках. И всякий раз, когда мы проходили передэтим орлом, надо было снимать шляпу и не надо было держать руки в карманах.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7121.635,7132.273"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Какие шляпы у вас были?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7132.273,7132.721"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: У нас самые невероятные. У нас даже женские шляпы были: то, что нам давали, то мы и одевали [говорит со смехом].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7132.721,7141.273"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7141.273,7142.982"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jacques Bramson: [Неразборчиво] Каждый раз, когда мы возвращались и не снимали шапки [неразборчиво] избивали, иногда даже застреливали. И вот после бомбардировки птичка свалилась, и от орла ничего не осталось! [Смеётся]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7142.982,7157.786"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Russian [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/transcript/7936/annotation/2181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/007/936/original/jacques-bramson_ru.vtt?1583169497","format":"text/vtt","language":"ru"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/007/936/original/jacques-bramson_ru.vtt?1583169497"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["bramsonJ_annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAfter the liberation, General de Gaulle sought to curb the power of the resistance groups and reassert state supremacy. In some cases, such as the one cited by Mr. Bramson, a former resistance leader became a prefect. In a number of others, de Gaulle's representatives assumed local power. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003epartisans: \u003c/b\u003eParamilitary forces engaged behind the front lines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003epartisans: \u003c/b\u003eParamilitary forces engaged behind the front lines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBy this time, Algeria was under the control of Free French forces, and General Rommel's German army had been defeated by the English and Americans in Tunisia. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Compiegne\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Compiegne\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Compiegne\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Compiegne\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Royallieu\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Royallieu\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eInitially, there were Jews who were held at Compiègne and suffered greatly from horrible conditions there. This occurred in December 1941 during a reprisal action. Subsequently, as Mr. Bramson indicates, Drancy, a transit camp located in a northern suburb of Paris, became the key transportation point for Jews to annihilation camps in Poland, mainly Auschwitz. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Royallieu\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Royallieu\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Royallieu\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Royallieu\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Russian term \"teplushka\" means a small four-wheel freight car with a stove in the center, adapted for the transportation of soldiers and people in general. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eTrier is a city in far western Germany not far from the border of Luxembourg on the Mosel River. [E.E. / E.L.]/p\u0026gt;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Trier\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Trier\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn the post-war period of economic dislocation and scarcity, the illicit trade in goods and services flourished. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Arrondissement-de-Vendome\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Arrondissement-de-Vendome\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bordeaux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bordeaux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBramson is referring to Georgians. (\"Gruziya\" is the Russian name for Georgia.) Roughly 700,000 Georgians fought against the Nazis as part of the Red Army during the war. However, a number of Georgians also fought for the Nazis as part of the Georgian Legion, a regiment formed in 1941 that consisted of Georgians who emigrated to Western Europe after the Soviet invasion of Georgia in 1921, along with Georgian prisoners of war from the Red Army. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Sicherheitsdienst (also called SD, or Security Service) was an intelligence organization which served the SS and the Nazi party. At the outbreak of the war the Gestapo were brought into the same overall Nazi police organization as the SD, so the barbaric SD torturers who inflicted so much pain on Mr. Bramson could also be viewed as officers of the Gestapo. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Nazi racist ideology incorrectly viewed the Jews as a \"race\" when in fact they are members of a religion and a people. Mr. Bramson uses this racist terminology common at the time. The camp at Compiègne, located in north central France, was founded in December, 1941. As he later relates, it was from Compiègnee that Mr. Bramson was deported to Buchenwald. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Royallieu\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Royallieu\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThat is, after D-Day, June 6, 1944. This account of the execution of an Allied airman has not been substantiated. However, there were Allied airmen held at Buchenwald for some months, and some did in fact perish there. [E.E. / E.L.]/p\u0026gt;\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Compiegne\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Compiegne\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe fifteen months were from early 1944 until April 1945. [E.E. E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBuchenwald had over 130 satellite camps where prisoners were ruthlessly exploited doing slave labor. Mr. Bramson worked in one of them, which was an armaments factory. Many larger German businesses profited obscenely from prisoner slave labor in this and other camps. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe liberation of Buchenwald took place on April 11, 1945. By this time, the underground was in control of the installation. The liberating Americans found 21,000 prisoners, including about 4,000 Jews and several hundred Jewish children. One of them was Moses Lau, who went on to become a chief rabbi in Israel. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eblock: \u003c/b\u003eA single concentration camp barrack.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBuchenwald was established in 1937, and up the end of 1938 the camp's capos were largely criminal prisoners. When these capos became involved in corrupt practices, the SS removed the criminal prisoner capos from their posts, and gradually political prisoners were able to take over the camp's internal administration under SS supervision. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003e\u0026gt;A term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eblock: \u003c/b\u003eA single concentration camp barrack.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eblock: \u003c/b\u003eA single concentration camp barrack.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThere were several resistance groups formed in Buchenwald on the basis on nationality, among them the French resistance group about whom Mr. Bramson speaks. By 1943, these groups united in a general underground movement called the International Underground Committee. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eblock: \u003c/b\u003eA single concentration camp barrack.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eblock: \u003c/b\u003eA single concentration camp barrack.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIt was believed by some that Buchenwald had a gas chamber, but this has not been substantiated. However, even though prisoners were not killed by gas, they were murdered in other ways: beatings, tortures, phenol injections, shootings and strangulation. There was an execution chamber beneath the crematorium where victims died by being hung from meat hooks suspended from the ceiling. It is possible that this execution by suffocation is what Mr. Bramson heard about. [E.E\u0026gt; / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,88.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=0.0,88.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=88.0,124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=88.0,124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=88.0,124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/ORTparis\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/ORTparis\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=88.0,124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=88.0,124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eKovno is a large city in central Lithuania, which before World War I was part of the Russian empire. At the time of the first Duma, it was a district capital. Kovno was a Jewish cultural and spiritual center with a large Jewish population. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kaunas\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kaunas\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=172.0,175.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kaunas\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kaunas\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=175.0,181.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=175.0,181.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=181.0,215.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eLeonty Bramson first began his association with ORT in 1909. In the wake of the communist revolution, he left Russia in 1920 and worked in Western Europe on behalf of the organization. He became the president of ORT in 1923 and remained in this position until his death in France in 1941. The International ORT Committee headed by Bramson established branches in the United States, Canada, South America and South Africa. These accomplishments and others were carried out in the face of many obstacles, including the worldwide Great Depression of the early 1930s and the growth of virulent anti-Semitism. [E.E. E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=181.0,215.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Germans launched their long-awaited offensive against France on May 10, 1940. Due to the failure of French military thinking and planning and, as Mr. Bramson indicates, the superiority of German military tactics, they rapidly advanced. On June 21, 1940, Marshal Philippe Pétain, an aged World War I hero who had become head of the French government, agreed to an armistice signaling a catastrophic defeat for his country. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=244.0,336.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kaunas\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kaunas\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=385.0,386.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kyiv\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kiev\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=386.0,397.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMr. Bramson had a privileged early childhood due to his parents' socioeconomic standing. French culture was held in high regard by many in the Russian upper classes. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Gmina_Wolin\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Gmina_Wolin\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=386.0,397.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kaunas\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kaunas\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=386.0,397.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAs Mr. Bramson indicates, during the first two years of German rule the majority of the French population did not actively oppose the Vichy collaborationist government and the occupation. Mr. Bramson was indeed a striking exception. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=408.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eA sapper can denote an expert in military field fortifications or a demolitions expert. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=511.0,524.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Versailles\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Versailles\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=526.0,542.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAn \"aspirant\" is an officer candidate. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=572.0,576.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Saarland\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Saarland\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=582.0,605.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Saarland\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Saarland\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=607.0,609.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Saarland\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Saarland\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=609.0,610.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Saarland\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Saarland\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=609.0,610.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Saarland\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Saarland\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=610.0,613.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Saarland\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Saarland\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=615.0,617.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Saar region in western Germany borders France and at the time was a key center of the German coal and steel industries. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Saarland\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Saarland\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=617.0,618.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Philippeville\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Philippeville\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=647.0,669.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Namur\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Namur\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=647.0,669.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe French military general staff anticipated that the main German offensive would come through Belgium whereas the major thrust of the German attack was further south through the supposedly impassable Ardennes. The rapid German advance caught the French by surprise and resulted in the devastating losses Mr. Bramson describes. He was indeed fortunate to be able to reach Compiègne, northeast of Paris. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Compiegne\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Compiegne\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=673.0,697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe French attempted to establish a defensive front along the Somme River, but by this time the war was nearly lost. The Germans breached French lines on June 7, 1940 and on June 14 they entered Paris. Mr. Bramson fought on as the French army retreated south to the Loire River and then even further south to the city of Limoges. It was near that city that he learned that France had signed a humiliating armistice. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=698.0,701.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=709.0,748.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=749.0,765.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=749.0,765.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe provinces of Alsace and Lorraine had been annexed to Germany after the disastrous French defeat in the Franco-Prussian war of 1870-71. They were regained by France after the German defeat in World War I. There was a well-established Jewish population in these provinces. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=790.0,814.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn fact, in 1939 there were about 300,000 Jews in France—about 190,000 of whom were French citizens and the rest foreign. Most of the latter were eastern European immigrants. More than 20,000 Belgian and Dutch Jewish refugees entered France after the war began, and the Germans expelled some 6,500 Jews from southern Germany into France after the latter's defeat. These Jews were sent to Vichy French internment camps. [E.E. / E\u0026gt;L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=840.0,855.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=869.0,873.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=890.0,898.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=904.0,922.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMr. Bramson's uncle and his family were among the massive wave of refugees who fled south from the advancing Germans. Vichy, a famous spa and the city where the parliament of the defeated French Third Republic was dissolved, became the headquarters of the collaborationist French government under Marshal Pétain. It was therefore understandable that organizations such as ORT and the OSE would be based in Vichy. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=904.0,922.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=922.0,924.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=924.0,926.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=926.0,933.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOSE: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Oeuvre de Secours aux Enfants, a French Jewish humanitarian organization that saved hundreds of Jewish refugee children in Vichy France during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=926.0,933.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=933.0,934.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOSE: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Oeuvre de Secours aux Enfants, a French Jewish humanitarian organization that saved hundreds of Jewish refugee children in Vichy France during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=933.0,934.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOSE: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Oeuvre de Secours aux Enfants, a French Jewish humanitarian organization that saved hundreds of Jewish refugee children in Vichy France during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=934.0,935.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=938.0,957.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=938.0,957.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=938.0,957.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAt the outbreak of the war, France controlled the countries of Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia in North Africa. The desire of Mr. Bramson and some other young military men to continue the struggle against the Germans from North Africa is indicative of their patriotic determination and martial spirit. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=960.0,986.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=986.0,1021.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=986.0,1021.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=986.0,1021.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe French authorities in Algeria, Morocco, and throughout most of the French empire, including French Indochina, initially supported the Vichy regime. Hitler allowed Fascist Italy to establish control in Tunisia. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVichy Government: \u003c/b\u003eThe right-wing government of unoccupied France after the country's defeat by the Germans in June 1940, named after the spa town of Vichy, France, where the national assembly was based under Prime Minister Pétain until liberation in 1944. Vichy France was that part of France not occupied by German troops until November 1942. Authoritarian and collaborationist, the Vichy regime cooperated with the Germans even after they had moved to the unoccupied zone in November 1942. It imprisoned some 135,000 people, interned another 70,000, deported some 76,000 Jews, and sent 650,000 French workers to Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1078.0,1141.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVichy Government: \u003c/b\u003eThe right-wing government of unoccupied France after the country's defeat by the Germans in June 1940, named after the spa town of Vichy, France, where the national assembly was based under Prime Minister Pétain until liberation in 1944. Vichy France was that part of France not occupied by German troops until November 1942. Authoritarian and collaborationist, the Vichy regime cooperated with the Germans even after they had moved to the unoccupied zone in November 1942. It imprisoned some 135,000 people, interned another 70,000, deported some 76,000 Jews, and sent 650,000 French workers to Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1149.0,1232.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1149.0,1232.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1256.0,1259.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1256.0,1259.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1274.0,1326.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1274.0,1326.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1274.0,1326.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePérigueux is located in the rural Dordogne region of southwestern France. It lies between the cities of Bordeaux and Limoges. The resistance group Mr. Bramson refers to might be the southern resistance movement, Libération-sud, founded by Emanuel d'Astier. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1274.0,1326.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFrench officials in French Equatorial Africa were loyal to General Charles de Gaulle and the Free French. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1328.0,1369.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Gibraltar\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Gibraltar\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1328.0,1369.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1328.0,1369.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1380.0,1436.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1602.0,1638.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1708.0,1715.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe two closest Vichy internment camps to Périgueux were Nexon and Cassenneuil Tombelouc, both at the time in the unoccupied zone. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1728.0,1737.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1762.0,1789.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1790.0,1797.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1812.0,1815.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1817.0,1831.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1838.0,1862.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1838.0,1862.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn 1946, France still controlled Indochina. French rule was ended in 1954 following defeat in a costly war with native communist and nationalist forces.[E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=1890.0,1898.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVichy Government: \u003c/b\u003eThe right-wing government of unoccupied France after the country's defeat by the Germans in June 1940, named after the spa town of Vichy, France, where the national assembly was based under Prime Minister Pétain until liberation in 1944. Vichy France was that part of France not occupied by German troops until November 1942. Authoritarian and collaborationist, the Vichy regime cooperated with the Germans even after they had moved to the unoccupied zone in November 1942. It imprisoned some 135,000 people, interned another 70,000, deported some 76,000 Jews, and sent 650,000 French workers to Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2042.0,2079.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAs the year 1942 progressed, the attitude of the French population towards the Vichy regime became more hostile, and more hoped to see an Allied victory. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2042.0,2079.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2079.0,2097.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2097.0,2102.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe word, \"maquis\" came from the local word for scrubland countryside on the French island of Corsica. The first Maquis camps were formed in rugged mountainous areas. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2102.0,2113.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2123.0,2139.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003epartisans: \u003c/b\u003eParamilitary forces engaged behind the front lines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2141.0,2146.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003epartisans: \u003c/b\u003eParamilitary forces engaged behind the front lines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2146.0,2165.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBy this time, the Germans were pressuring the Vichy government to send French workers to Germany, which was facing an increasing manpower shortage. Eventually, on February 16, 1943, the Vichy government was forced to introduce a compulsory labor service, which conscripted French young men to work in Germany. This development did much to undermine support for the regime and helped secure recruits for the Resistance. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVichy Government: \u003c/b\u003eThe right-wing government of unoccupied France after the country's defeat by the Germans in June 1940, named after the spa town of Vichy, France, where the national assembly was based under Prime Minister Pétain until liberation in 1944. Vichy France was that part of France not occupied by German troops until November 1942. Authoritarian and collaborationist, the Vichy regime cooperated with the Germans even after they had moved to the unoccupied zone in November 1942. It imprisoned some 135,000 people, interned another 70,000, deported some 76,000 Jews, and sent 650,000 French workers to Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2146.0,2165.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2166.0,2204.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2166.0,2204.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOn November 8, 1942, three Allied landings were successfully made in North Africa—at Casablanca on the Atlantic and Oran and Algiers on the Mediterranean.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2218.0,2232.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Casablanca\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Casablanca\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2239.0,2240.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAs the occupation progressed, the hostility of significant segments of the French peasant population towards the Vichy regime grew into active cooperation with the Resistance. In a number of areas on France, peasants supplied food, clothing and hiding places to members of the Maquis. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2299.0,2321.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2495.0,2527.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2495.0,2527.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2527.0,2564.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFollowing the infamous Wannsee Conference on January 20, 1942, the Nazis began to prepare for the deportation of Jews from France and other western European countries to extermination centers in Poland. On June 11, 1942, a key meeting took place in Berlin to arrange for regular deportations to extermination centers. Spearheaded by the French police, roundups of Jews in France took place throughout the summer and fall of 1942 in both the occupied and unoccupied zones of the country. Foreign Jews in France were special targets of these actions, but as time went on, native-born French Jews increasingly found themselves in danger. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2564.0,2565.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2565.0,2589.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2565.0,2589.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2565.0,2589.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2738.0,2783.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2738.0,2783.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2787.0,2826.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2787.0,2826.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe most cruel and extensive operation took place on July 16-17 in Paris where some 13,000 Jews - including 7,000 families with small children - were rounded up by French police and deported. Approximately 42,500 French Jews were sent to Nazi annihilation centers, principally Auschwitz, during 1942. One-third of this number were from the unoccupied zone. However, rescue networks, such as the one with which Mr. Bramson was involved, and spontaneous acts of courage by ordinary French men and women, saved many Jews from deportation. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2850.0,2853.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=2945.0,2952.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3008.0,3016.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3027.0,3075.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3027.0,3075.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3075.0,3080.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3081.0,3088.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3096.0,3101.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBoder's confusion is understandable. The German word \"lager\" was usually used by interviewees to describe Nazi concentration, extermination, or labor camps. Here Bramson uses it in the literal sense (\"camp\") to describe the base of operations for the Maquis. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3101.0,3104.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe German word \"lager\" was usually used by interviewees to describe Nazi concentration, extermination, or labor camps. Here Bramson uses it in the literal sense (\"camp\") to describe the base of operations for the Maquis. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3104.0,3139.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe German word \"lager\" was usually used by interviewees to describe Nazi concentration, extermination, or labor camps. Here Bramson uses it in the literal sense (\"camp\") to describe the base of operations for the Maquis. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3104.0,3139.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe German word \"lager\" was usually used by interviewees to describe Nazi concentration, extermination, or labor camps. Here Bramson uses it in the literal sense (\"camp\") to describe the base of operations for the Maquis. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3104.0,3139.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe German word \"lager\" was usually used by interviewees to describe Nazi concentration, extermination, or labor camps. Here Bramson uses it in the literal sense (\"camp\") to describe the base of operations for the Maquis. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3104.0,3139.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe German word \"lager\" was usually used by interviewees to describe Nazi concentration, extermination, or labor camps. Here Bramson uses it in the literal sense (\"camp\") to describe the base of operations for the Maquis. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3139.0,3144.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe German word \"lager\" was usually used by interviewees to describe Nazi concentration, extermination, or labor camps. Here Bramson uses it in the literal sense (\"camp\") to describe the base of operations for the Maquis. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3145.0,3166.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3288.0,3290.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3290.0,3293.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3348.0,3353.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe German word \"lager\" was usually used by interviewees to describe Nazi concentration, extermination, or labor camps. Here Bramson uses it in the literal sense (\"camp\") to describe the base of operations for the Maquis. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3370.0,3410.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eappell: \u003c/b\u003eThe appell was a camp roll call. Its purpose was not merely to count the prisoners but also to weaken, humiliate and intimidate them.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3444.0,3455.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe hydra was often used to symbolize the supposed Jewish, communist, and Freemason conspiracy to rule the world. It was the product of ignorance, bigotry, hatred and paranoia. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3503.0,3508.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe German word \"lager\" was usually used by interviewees to describe Nazi concentration, extermination, or labor camps. Here Bramson uses it in the literal sense (\"camp\") to describe the base of operations for the Maquis. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3516.0,3543.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe German word \"lager\" was usually used by interviewees to describe Nazi concentration, extermination, or labor camps. Here Bramson uses it in the literal sense (\"camp\") to describe the base of operations for the Maquis. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3545.0,3603.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe German word \"lager\" was usually used by interviewees to describe Nazi concentration, extermination, or labor camps. Here Bramson uses it in the literal sense (\"camp\") to describe the base of operations for the Maquis. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3545.0,3603.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe German word \"lager\" was usually used by interviewees to describe Nazi concentration, extermination, or labor camps. Here Bramson uses it in the literal sense (\"camp\") to describe the base of operations for the Maquis. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3604.0,3626.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3628.0,3646.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3628.0,3646.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3662.0,3667.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe misfortunes Mr. Bramson is referring to were results of the anti-Semitic legislation promulgated by the Vichy regime and its German overlords. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3667.0,3722.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3667.0,3722.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3667.0,3722.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3722.0,3724.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3722.0,3724.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3724.0,3727.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3727.0,3729.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3729.0,3765.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3729.0,3765.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bordeaux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bordeaux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3729.0,3765.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3770.0,3818.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3770.0,3818.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3818.0,3820.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3820.0,3820.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3821.0,3829.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe interviewer obviously intended to impress upon Americans the contributions of the ORT to the war effort. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3831.0,3833.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThis is obviously not the same Jean Kahn that Boder would interview in Paris on August 21st - just five days after the present interview - though the similarity of the names and ages is intriguing. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3852.0,3858.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWe have here a slip of the tongue. \"Nedels\" in Russian means \"weeks,\" and \"medals,\" with exception of the ending, is the same word in Russian as in English. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3886.0,3895.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=3952.0,4014.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4039.0,4040.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4040.0,4046.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn fact, close to 76,000 Jews were deported from France including those, like Mr. Bramson, deported as resisters. Only about 2,500 returned alive. Mr. Bramson is among the fortunate handful who did. Approximately 12% of French Jews and more than 41% of foreign Jews in France were murdered during the Holocaust. [E.E\u0026gt; / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4063.0,4120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4063.0,4120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Mauthausen\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Mauthausen\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4063.0,4120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4063.0,4120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4063.0,4120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Royallieu\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Royallieu\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4063.0,4120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Le-Creusot\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Le-Creusot\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4257.0,4269.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Le-Creusot\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Le-Creusot\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4269.0,4275.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Perigueux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4287.0,4331.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4287.0,4331.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cb\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cp\u003epartisans: Paramilitary forces engaged behind the front lines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4333.0,4370.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIt should be noted that there was never any attempt on the part of the French resistance to free Jews on deportation trains bound for extermination centers. [E.E / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cp\u003epartisans: Paramilitary forces engaged behind the front lines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4333.0,4370.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cb\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cp\u003epartisans: Paramilitary forces engaged behind the front lines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4385.0,4394.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4406.0,4415.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe \"army of resistance and French liberation\" about which Mr. Bramson speaks was composed of non-communist resistance groups, specifically the Libération-sud movement to which he belonged and two others which formed the nucleus of the so-called Secret Army to which Mr. Bramson later refers. Jean Moulin, de Gaulle's agent in France, helped inspire the unification of these groups into the United Movements of Resistance (Mouvements Unis de la Résistance, or MUR). [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4493.0,4511.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cb\u003eVichy Government: \u003c/b\u003eThe right-wing government of unoccupied France after the country's defeat by the Germans in June 1940, named after the spa town of Vichy, France, where the national assembly was based under Prime Minister Pétain until liberation in 1944. Vichy France was that part of France not occupied by German troops until November 1942. Authoritarian and collaborationist, the Vichy regime cooperated with the Germans even after they had moved to the unoccupied zone in November 1942. It imprisoned some 135,000 people, interned another 70,000, deported some 76,000 Jews, and sent 650,000 French workers to Germany.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4512.0,4560.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe \"militia\" was the infamous milice, a French fascist paramilitary organization composed of many virulent anti-Communists and anti-Semites. Its newspaper, \"Combats\" (not to be confused with the previously mentioned \"Combat\") was devoted to defending \"Christian civilization\" from its supposed enemies. The milice murdered several prominent French Jews in cold blood. The number of those in the milice was closer to 30,000 than to 40,000. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4561.0,4566.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4605.0,4622.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4685.0,4757.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIt is unclear as to what \"Germer\" refers to and whether the \"Germer\" was a French or German elite police unit although it appears to have been the former. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4685.0,4757.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4685.0,4757.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4757.0,4760.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4760.0,4820.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4842.0,4852.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e[Note: The audio for Spool 47 - the third of four spools from the Bramson interview - is unavailable. It is not in the collection of wire spools currently held by the Library of Congress.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4842.0,4852.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4842.0,4852.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/ORTParis\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/ORTParis\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4842.0,4852.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4852.0,4859.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBefore the arrival of American forces, the SS evacuated prisoners of various nationalities from the main camp and the satellite camps on what became death marches. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4859.0,4880.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4918.0,4936.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003epartisans: \u003c/b\u003eParamilitary forces engaged behind the front lines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4937.0,4948.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4987.0,4999.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5064.0,5075.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOne estimate is that the number of prisoners from the Buchenwald main camp and satellite camps who perished on the death marches was in excess of 25,000. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5102.0,5118.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5137.0,5186.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5197.0,5198.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5278.0,5280.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5280.0,5281.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5304.0,5325.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5350.0,5353.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5388.0,5393.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Freising\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Freising\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5409.0,5439.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHe possibly refers to Schrobenhausen. Both Freising and Schrobenhausen are located in southern Germany between Munich and Regensberg. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5409.0,5439.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Freising\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Freising\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5442.0,5443.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Freising\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Freising\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5450.0,5451.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Freising\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Freising\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5451.0,5452.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5514.0,5529.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003e\u0026gt;A term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5530.0,5541.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5530.0,5541.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003e\u0026gt;A term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5541.0,5542.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5542.0,5548.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThis is just an example of cases where prisoners were little informed about doings in other parts of the same concentration camp. In fact, there were Jewish men sent to Buchenwald in the wake of the Kristallnacht pogrom, November 9-10, 1938. A number of Hungarian Jews were sent to Buchenwald in 1944, but the largest Jewish influx into the camp occurred in the wake of the Russian 1945 winter offensive which threatened camps in the east. It was then that thousands of Jews, among them Elie Wiesel and his father, Shlomo, were sent to Buchenwald. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5576.0,5585.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5576.0,5585.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5576.0,5585.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003e\u0026gt;A term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5576.0,5585.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003e\u0026gt;A term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5585.0,5588.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFree French forces were fighting with the Allies. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5644.0,5651.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMainz is located on the Rhine, not far from Frankfort and south of Koblentz. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Mainz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Mainz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5715.0,5744.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Mainz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Mainz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5745.0,5761.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5745.0,5761.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5761.0,5766.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5766.0,5787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5791.0,5806.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIt is true that following the liberation there were, as Mr. Bramson notes, internal political struggles within the Resistance. However, the major political struggle at the time was between de Gaulle's provisional government and those elements of the Resistance which sought to retain their independent authority. De Gaulle strove to bring all elements of the Resistance under his authority. In the immediate postwar years, staunch members of the Resistance were also frustrated that their idealistic expectations following the victory over fascism were not fulfilled. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=5924.0,6017.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6097.0,6100.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIndeed, by the spring of 1944 much of southern rural France was in the hands of the Resistance rather than the Vichy government. However, the Germans still had substantial forces in the area, and the Resistance did not possess the military strength to defeat them in open battle. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6100.0,6112.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003epartisans: \u003c/b\u003eParamilitary forces engaged behind the front lines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6113.0,6128.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bordeaux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bordeaux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6113.0,6128.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003epartisans: \u003c/b\u003eParamilitary forces engaged behind the front lines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6133.0,6138.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bordeaux\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bordeaux\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6133.0,6138.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Limoges\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6139.0,6149.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/La-Rochelle\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/La-Rochelle\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6139.0,6149.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6139.0,6149.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOn June 6, 1944 (D-Day), Allied forces landed in Normandy in what was the greatest invasion in military history. Eventually they fought their way into northern France. Local resistance forces provided aid in this operation. On August 15, 1944, Allied troops, including Free French forces, landed on the Riviera and began moving up the Rhone valley. They joined with French troops coming from the north. The Resistance provided significant aid in this campaign of liberation, but the liberation of France could not have been accomplished without Allied military might. The most important contribution of the Resistance to the liberation of France was political and moral. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003epartisans: \u003c/b\u003eParamilitary forces engaged behind the front lines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6150.0,6153.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003epartisans: \u003c/b\u003eParamilitary forces engaged behind the front lines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6153.0,6157.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003epartisans: \u003c/b\u003eParamilitary forces engaged behind the front lines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6157.0,6169.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFrom September 1944 until December 1945, General de Gaulle and his cabinet governed France by executive decree. De Gaulle ruled as a kind of benevolent dictator. However, a constituent assembly was elected in the fall of 1945, and the autocratic de Gaulle was soon at loggerheads with it. In January 1946 he abandoned his governmental post and retired to his home in the country. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6175.0,6180.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6228.0,6233.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6233.0,6265.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6298.0,6302.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6302.0,6318.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6318.0,6341.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6318.0,6341.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Dachau\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Dachau\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6346.0,6358.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Dachau\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Dachau\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6358.0,6359.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6384.0,6400.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6413.0,6437.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6438.0,6457.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003e\u0026gt;A term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6458.0,6463.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6467.0,6478.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Buchenwald brothel - like those in other camps - was staffed by sex slaves from German occupied countries. At times, German \"asocials\" such as criminals and communists were assigned to brothels. Brothel clients included SS staff, capos, and prisoners who, as Mr. Bramson indicated, could earn admission. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6481.0,6497.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6509.0,6523.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6509.0,6523.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6509.0,6523.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6536.0,6563.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eblock: \u003c/b\u003eA single concentration camp barrack.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6536.0,6563.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6566.0,6573.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6627.0,6646.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor example, criminals had green triangles, political prisoners had red triangles and homosexuals had pink triangles. Jews had a Star of David consisting of a yellow triangle and a triangle of a different color, for instance red. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6627.0,6646.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHe uses the term \"sexualists.\" This is apparently the word which could not be clearly distinguished in the previous sentences. It is unclear to whom Mr. Bramson is referring when he speaks about sexual deviants, though he might have had male homosexuals in mind. He appears to be referring to male homosexuals here. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6654.0,6668.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6654.0,6668.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eblock: \u003c/b\u003eA single concentration camp barrack.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6654.0,6668.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eblock: \u003c/b\u003eA single concentration camp barrack.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6669.0,6688.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6669.0,6688.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6669.0,6688.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eblock: \u003c/b\u003eA single concentration camp barrack.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6689.0,6691.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eblock: \u003c/b\u003eA single concentration camp barrack.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6693.0,6703.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eblock: \u003c/b\u003eA single concentration camp barrack.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6703.0,6716.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEarlier in his trip Boder had conducted a series of interviews with a number of youths who had been liberated from Buchenwald. These interviews were taken at Chateau de Boucicaut, \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/ChateaudeBoucicaut\"\u003ean OSE home for adolescents in Fontenay-aux-Roses, France\u003c/a\u003e, from July 31 to August 2. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6703.0,6716.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6716.0,6723.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6716.0,6723.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6723.0,6728.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAmong the children imprisoned in Buchenwald at the time Mr. Bramson is referring to was Elie Wiesel. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eblock: \u003c/b\u003eA single concentration camp barrack.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6729.0,6743.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6744.0,6761.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe city of Weimar was associated with the German liberal, humanist tradition and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, one of the giants of world literature, who made his home in Weimar for many years. It gave its name to the German republic which existed from 1918 to the Nazi takeover in 1933. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6744.0,6761.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6761.0,6761.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6761.0,6763.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6763.0,6767.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6767.0,6776.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6777.0,6787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6777.0,6787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe notorious camp, \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/MittelbauDora\"\u003eDora\u003c/a\u003e, where the V-1 rockets were constructed, was a subcamp of Buchenwald. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6799.0,6805.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6805.0,6816.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6823.0,6836.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6823.0,6836.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6837.0,6850.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6864.0,6873.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6864.0,6873.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6874.0,6882.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Weimar\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6882.0,6884.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6884.0,6897.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGoethe's Oak in Buchenwald is also mentioned in Boder's interview with Otto Feuer, taken on August 22 in Paris. The stump of Goethe's oak remains as part of the memorial to the camp. [E.E / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6897.0,6900.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6900.0,6911.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6932.0,6949.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6967.0,6984.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6967.0,6984.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecommandant: \u003c/b\u003eA commander of a Nazi camp. In the death camps the commandant was required to witness every gassing carried out through a peephole, and supervise both the preparations and the aftermath.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6989.0,7007.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=6989.0,7007.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7015.0,7035.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7038.0,7046.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBoder is possibly referring here to the seven (or more precisely, eight) months between the destruction of the oak in August 1944 and the liberation of Buchenwald in April 1945. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7065.0,7070.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7077.0,7090.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/1157/annotation/2586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe interview concludes on a triumphant note most fitting for a man who survived so much at the hands of the Germans. Mr. Bramson's hearty laughter reflects the great strength and great luck of a man who surmounted incredible obstacles and lived to tell the tale. [E.E. / E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=7142.0,7157.79406"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/142","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["annotations_bramsonJ_russian [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047/annotation_set/142/annotation/2587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e[Note: The audio for Spool 47—the third of four spools from the Bramson interview—is unavailable. It is not in the collection of wire spools currently held by the Library of Congress. Therefore, a transcription could not be made. However, this spool was translated into English by Boder, and the translation is available in this collection.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17592/file/73047#t=4842.776,4852.792"}]}]}]}