{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/7s7hq3s677/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["David P. Boder Interviews Fira Monk, September 7, 1946, Paris, France"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/039/original/IIT_Logo_stack_186_blk.png?1583422043","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1946-09-07"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":[" Russian (Primary)"," English (Secondary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Wire recording"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":[" monkF_9-111_9-112_9-113 (Local)"," monkF_9-111_9-112_9-113_SLP.mp3 (Digital Object ID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":[" Paris (France) (Place of recording)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":[" Interview with Fira Monk by David P. Boder, conducted on August 12, 1946 at the Grand Hotel in Paris, France. (Abstract)"," Fira Monk was born in Russia. Following the Russian Revolution and Civil War (1917-1921), she and her family immigrated first to Vienna, Austria and then, in 1926, to Paris. She eventually found employment with ORT, for whom she worked throughout the German occupation of France. As the Germans advanced on Paris in June 1940, she and her family fled to southern France, residing first in Vichy and then in Marseille. The area in which they lived came to be known as the \"Free Zone\" administered by the collaborationist Vichy government. Mrs. Monk, her mother and her foster son, a young Spaniard, eventually moved to the Italian zone of occupation in southeastern France near the city of Grenoble. When that zone was abolished, they lived under direct German occupation. All this time, Mrs. Monk worked for ORT, describing her coworkers as her \"second family.\" Fira Monk's interview details the dedicated and courageous work she and other ORT members were engaged in during the occupation, including issuing false papers, hiding Jewish children, and distributing financial aid to unemployed Jews or those in hiding. This work entailed great risks, to which her narrow escapes from deportation testify. Her endeavors on behalf of Jews in France and those of others in ORT underscore the sometimes-overlooked efforts by Jews to save other Jews during the Holocaust. The interview also illustrates both positive and negative behavior on the part of the French population towards Jews, ranging from those who sheltered Jews to those who were part of the dreaded Milice (Vichy paramilitary forces) that persecuted them. Some of the French police Fira Monk encountered were helpful to Jews, while others aided in their arrest and deportation. Although she, her mother, grandmother and foster son survived despite the constant threat of arrest and deportation, her elderly aunt and uncle and another paralyzed aunt were deported and murdered in Auschwitz. Following the August 1944 liberation, she worked in Toulouse in a reception center for returning deportees and prisoners of war. She recounted some of what she learned about their harrowing experiences. Among the most horrifying accounts were from refugees who had been sexually abused or subject to pseudoscientific medical experiments. When Boder interviewed Fira Monk in September 1946, she was in Paris working as an ORT social worker aiding survivors. This work recalls the important efforts ORT and other organizations took for the care and rehabilitation of survivors, including dealing with the plight of orphaned children, securing the return of seized property (especially residential property), and vocational training and placement. (Commentary by Elliot Lefkovitz) (Commentary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":[" World War, 1939-1945--Refugees (Topical)"," Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Personal narratives (Topical)"," World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, Jewish (Topical)"," Paris (France) (Geographic)"," Grenoble (France) (Geographic)"," Toulouse (France) (Geographic)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":[" Monk, Fira (Interviewee)"," Boder, David P. (David Pablo), 1886-1961 (Interviewer)"," Collin, Olga (Transcriber)"," Collin, Olga (Translator)"," English, Eben (Editor)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["oral history"," interview"]}},{"label":{"en":["Inerviewee Nationality"]},"value":{"en":["Russia "]}},{"label":{"en":["Interviewee Gender"]},"value":{"en":["Female"]}}],"summary":{"en":[" Interview with Fira Monk by David P. Boder, conducted on August 12, 1946 at the Grand Hotel in Paris, France."," Fira Monk was born in Russia. Following the Russian Revolution and Civil War (1917-1921), she and her family immigrated first to Vienna, Austria and then, in 1926, to Paris. She eventually found employment with ORT, for whom she worked throughout the German occupation of France. As the Germans advanced on Paris in June 1940, she and her family fled to southern France, residing first in Vichy and then in Marseille. The area in which they lived came to be known as the \"Free Zone\" administered by the collaborationist Vichy government. Mrs. Monk, her mother and her foster son, a young Spaniard, eventually moved to the Italian zone of occupation in southeastern France near the city of Grenoble. When that zone was abolished, they lived under direct German occupation. All this time, Mrs. Monk worked for ORT, describing her coworkers as her \"second family.\" Fira Monk's interview details the dedicated and courageous work she and other ORT members were engaged in during the occupation, including issuing false papers, hiding Jewish children, and distributing financial aid to unemployed Jews or those in hiding. This work entailed great risks, to which her narrow escapes from deportation testify. Her endeavors on behalf of Jews in France and those of others in ORT underscore the sometimes-overlooked efforts by Jews to save other Jews during the Holocaust. The interview also illustrates both positive and negative behavior on the part of the French population towards Jews, ranging from those who sheltered Jews to those who were part of the dreaded Milice (Vichy paramilitary forces) that persecuted them. Some of the French police Fira Monk encountered were helpful to Jews, while others aided in their arrest and deportation. Although she, her mother, grandmother and foster son survived despite the constant threat of arrest and deportation, her elderly aunt and uncle and another paralyzed aunt were deported and murdered in Auschwitz. Following the August 1944 liberation, she worked in Toulouse in a reception center for returning deportees and prisoners of war. She recounted some of what she learned about their harrowing experiences. Among the most horrifying accounts were from refugees who had been sexually abused or subject to pseudoscientific medical experiments. When Boder interviewed Fira Monk in September 1946, she was in Paris working as an ORT social worker aiding survivors. This work recalls the important efforts ORT and other organizations took for the care and rehabilitation of survivors, including dealing with the plight of orphaned children, securing the return of seized property (especially residential property), and vocational training and placement. (Commentary by Elliot Lefkovitz)"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Illinois Institute of Technology"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Illinois Institute of Technology"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/039/original/IIT_Logo_stack_186_blk.png?1583422043","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/073/110/small/IMGP8810.JPG?1583169808","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - monkF_9-111_9-112_9-113_SLP.mp3"]},"duration":6781.70919,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/073/110/small/IMGP8810.JPG?1583169808","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iit.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/073/110/original/monkF_9-111_9-112_9-113_SLP.mp3?1583169808","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":6781.70919,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English translation [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] Paris, Sep...September the 7th, 1946, at the Grand Hotel. The interviewee is Ms. Fira Monk, a secretary in the Paris office of the ORT. Ms. Monk speaks a very satisfactory French and English, but she—her maternal tongue is...is Russian. And we prefer to take the interview in Russian.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=0.0,31.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In Russian] Ah...Fira Iakovlevna, tell me one more time your name and your position here in Paris? And what do you do here at the moment?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=31.0,41.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e My name is Fira Monk. I work at the office [unclear], do some [unclear] work. Besides, I work as a social assistant. The French call it [says the title in French]. I do...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=41.0,53.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What we call in English “social worker.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=53.0,56.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, that’s right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=56.0,57.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=57.0,57.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e I talk to [unclear] to people who register with us and who don’t work at our school. We have another assistant to do that. [Unclear, noises] children, whom we place in private [unclear].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=57.0,73.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. You talk about “children.” How old are these children?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=73.0,78.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e We call children everybody who comes to us—up to 22 years of age.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=78.0,83.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But in reality which age do you have them from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=83.0,86.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e We have them from the age of 14. These are the children who finished their primary education or who [unclear, noises].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=86.0,95.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: So. Therefore, ORT has a dual function: either education in its own studios; or so to speak placement in care of the private craftsmen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=95.0,109.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Currently we have many requests for various crafts and trades which unfortunately we can not [unclear] ourselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=109.0,117.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Requests from who?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=117.0,118.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e From youth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=118.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=120.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Or from adults who wish to reeducate themselves. Who wish to receive some professional education—these are doctors, lawyers and various people who were deported or who are...displaced persons in general.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=120.0,134.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Thus, they want to reeducate themselves? Instead of a doctor they want to become...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=134.0,138.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e In France as I believe in general [unclear] abroad people with a foreign diploma can not work [in their profession]. Here a doctor or lawyer with a foreign degree—German, Russian, Czech—has to do [unclear], has to go [unclear] and receive [unclear]...do [unclear]. And only after that if he is lucky he will receive a work status.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=138.0,163.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=163.0,164.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] The recording is not very efficient. We are now changing a little bit our arrangement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=164.0,172.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In Russian] Now tell me: How long have you been in France for?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=172.0,176.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e I have been in France since 1926. But we came from Russia in the end of 1921, spent some time in Austria where I graduated from high school, and then my mother was transferred to Paris to work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=176.0,192.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm. What do you mean “transferred?”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=192.0,193.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e She worked...she managed a factory of components for typewriters in Vienna. This factory was closed, its patron moved to Paris,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=193.0,198.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=198.0,199.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . and to thank my mother for all the work she did without compensation, he trans...transferred her to Paris, and after I passed all the necessary exams I came here too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=199.0,211.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And why did [your] mother work without compensation [unclear]?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=211.0,214.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e My mother is an old idealist and old socialist. Her boss didn’t have any money to pay her, she even sewed the pockets close [says with laughter].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=214.0,223.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm. [Pause] Well. Now tell us...tell us what...where have you been and what happened to you, and ORT when the war started.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=223.0,237.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e We were in process, during the beginning of war already. September 9th, 1939 we moved with our office to Vichy. We’ve stayed there until January 1940, during all the la drôle de guerre [says the name in French]—this was a war without a canon shot when soldiers sat in trenches and didn’t know at all why they were sitting there.” In January we moved back to Paris, everything was quiet. We have lived there until June 7th, 1940. On June 7th we all were asked to leave...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=237.0,272.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Asked by who?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=272.0,274.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Unclear] We...ahh...we have received news that Germans were already approaching Paris and that Paris will be taken soon. It was very difficult to believe, especially for me! I didn’t want to believe. I argued with my older colleagues, didn’t want to leave at all. But they insisted and the next day I understood that they were right. Because my friends and my other colleagues who left two-three days later already had horrible difficulties: They had to jump over the walls of Lyon train station in order to catch a train. Others have been driving for 10 days in a car under the bombardment of...hmm...aviation and machine guns, and generally speaking [unclear]. We have moved to Vichy and remained there...until Germans arrived.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=274.0,318.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How?! It means you were in Vichy at the same time with Pétain?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=318.0,325.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Ah! We were in Vichy before Pétain. Pétain followed us. Apparently, he couldn’t live without us. Pétain...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=325.0,331.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=331.0,331.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Pétain came in...after the cease-fire.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=331.0,335.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=335.0,336.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e He [delivered] his speech—I don’t remember any more, where he delivered his speech, I believe it was not in Vichy,—but we’ve listened to his speech crying bitter tears. We knew then that a new, rather unpleasant period of our lives is about to start. And we’ve lived in Vichy until the end of 1940 when we politely but quite insistently were asked to disappear.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=336.0,358.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In other words?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=358.0,359.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e In other words we were told that Jewish organizations have nothing to look for next to Laval.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=359.0,364.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=364.0,364.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And...but I met Laval on the street quite often. He looked rather unpleasant. He resembled a bad maitre d’hôtel from a bad café. And we’ve moved to Marseille. There we have found good accommodation and we have lived there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=364.0,379.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Tell us, by the way,...tell us by the way, whom from your family did you have with you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=379.0,386.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: My family consisted at that time from: my mother, my foster child, my grandmother,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=386.0,391.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=391.0,392.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . Philip, my grandmother, my aunts—two sisters of my mother and her brother-in-law—this was all the family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=392.0,401.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Ah...who is your foster child?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=401.0,404.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e My foster child is this adorable little Spanish boy. We have taken him in 1937 during the Spanish war. He was supposed to stay with us for three weeks, but we’ve grown so attached to him that we couldn’t bear the thought of giving him away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=404.0,417.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell us, who brought him to you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=417.0,419.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Brought...ahh...it happened like this: When the Spanish war started my mother suggested to her fellow party men that Spanish children who parties were saving from bombardments should be brought also to Paris, not only to the provinces.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=419.0,435.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What is this? What party? Social...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=435.0,437.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Social democratic, of course.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=437.0,438.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e French?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=438.0,439.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e French, yes. But she was a member of the party in Austria and in...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=439.0,442.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . in France?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=442.0,443.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. And she has been in the party in Russia already!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=443.0,446.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, yes. [Pause] And?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=446.0,448.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And so we have welcomed this child for a few weeks. We grew attached to him, this child is ours now. He will be taken care by my mother, and myself—older sister, despite the small age difference—he is 14 now. He is very gifted, he is beautiful. He is very attached to us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=448.0,463.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And what of his misfortune in general? And what do we know about his parents?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=463.0,468.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e His parents are alive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=468.0,469.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=469.0,470.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e They have another three children. One of them, his older brother—older by three years—is in France in the family of an English lady. The family has been ruined by the war; his father lost his right arm. He worked as an electrician, had his own big workshop. Mother—...hmm...teacher in a kindergarten. And apparently she can’t work. Older daughter works at a factory, second boy tends cattle. And the father wrote to us that...knowing that we are able to provide his child with a better education and upbringing than him ruined by these fascists, and he asked us to keep his child until he was of age.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=470.0,503.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And where is his father?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=503.0,504.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e The father is in Spain—either in Bilbao or in some other town.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=504.0,507.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e During the war he [unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=507.0,508.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, yes. [Unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=508.0,508.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e He didn’t leave?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=508.0,509.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No, no, he didn’t leave. He [unclear] fought on the side of the Red Army.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=509.0,513.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: So. [Pause] Now tell us: so, you all have moved from Vichy to...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=513.0,519.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e So we...my mother and Philip—we moved to Marseille. And my grandmother, my mother’s two sisters and a brother-in-law moved to Nice. They lived there. This was a so-called free zone. In 1942 when we were in Marseille life was still pretty calm, good work. ORT opened there very big beautiful school. We have hoped that we can get through all this somehow, deportations started.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=519.0,546.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. From the free zone?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=546.0,548.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e From the free zone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=548.0,550.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e I would like to determine this. Deportation of Jews or [unclear] non-Jews?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=550.0,557.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No, non-Jews were taken based on the political criteria.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=557.0,559.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Thus, the deportation of Jews started from the free zone...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=559.0,565.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . in 1942,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=565.0,567.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In other words, before...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=567.0,567.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . in August of 1942...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=567.0,569.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, yes, yes, in 1942. When then did the Germans occupy all of France? They occupied the country...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=569.0,575.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e In November.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=575.0,575.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e -...as soon as the US entered the war?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=575.0,578.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Germans occupied all of France in November of 1942.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=578.0,582.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Not in 1941?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=582.0,583.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No, they occupied...in 1940 they occupied the northern part. The demarcation line was in Vichy, in Moulins. Their control didn’t go beyond that line. And starting from Moulins to the south of France—this was the free zone where we had French government.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=583.0,599.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well. So, deportations started after the American ambassador left Vichy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=599.0,604.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Amer...I don’t remember when the ambassador left...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=604.0,606.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e We started...entered the war with Pearl Harbor in 1942...1941.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=606.0,612.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e In 1941. And that was after he left already.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=612.0,615.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And so, it was already after he left and the American consulate...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=615.0,621.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . didn’t exist any more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=621.0,621.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . didn’t exist any more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=621.0,621.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, didn’t exist. But, nonetheless, American, English Jews, Turkish Jews, Hungarian and Romanian Jews were under the protection—they have not been deported. They have been deported much later from the north of France, from Paris.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=621.0,636.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And your personal [unclear] of deportation?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=636.0,641.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: At the beginning of August 1942—I was sick at that time and stayed in bed—a man from the Marseille prefecture came to visit and told me: “Madam Monk, please be so kind and warn all the people who you know and who you don’t know that soon, on Tuesday”—I don’t remember the date—”there will be general measures against Jews. Be careful. Let everybody hide, whoever can and wherever they can.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=641.0,667.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=667.0,668.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Immediately I have sent my mother to the office to warn my fellow brothers. “Ours” [people] were somewhat surprised; they sent their man to find out and learned that it was true indeed. But at first we even thought that it was some kind of rumor: what is this for...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=668.0,681.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And who are these “ours”?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=681.0,683.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e “Ours”—it’s ORT, it’s my second family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=683.0,686.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=686.0,686.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Coughs] And we have sent a messenger to all corners of Marseille and warned whoever we could. But unfortunately very many of your friends were caught, as they were in a camp not far from Marseille [unclear, name in French]. And it was a mouse trap: The door got shut and nobody could escape it...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=686.0,704.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So, why were they in camp?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=704.0,705.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e In this camp all the Austrian, German Jews and all other Jews from enemy countries were detained. And they were kept there in awful conditions, in dirt, without water and were fed horribly.  ORT and  OSE did for them everything they could.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=705.0,721.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e OSE?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=721.0,722.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e OSE.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=722.0,723.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e This is...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=723.0,724.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . Jewish healthcare society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=724.0,726.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=726.0,728.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e We worked very closely together. And we did everything we could. Office was [unclear] work. So they won’t sit without work as it had an awful impact on them from the moral point of view.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=728.0,742.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And so, you have warned your friends, and what happened after that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=742.0,747.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: And then it was simply that at night the raid started. It happened not on Tuesday as our friend from prefecture told us—it happened on Thursday night. Germans surrounded several blocks. It was French  Gendarmerie and French garde mobile. They came to take people away and said: “Bring as much as you can with—you are arrested,—as much as you can carry,—you are arrested.” There were terrible scenes: people jumped out  of the windows, committed suicide. But French police acted nobly: Very often they would warn people ahead of time if they could, they even...I personally know of an episode when a French  gendarme accompanied by a colleague came to a woman and told her: “I’ll be back in 15 min”. This woman didn’t understand. She collected her things and sat peacefully on the chair waiting for him to return. And when in 15 min. the same  gendarme came back he told her: “Wait a minute! I told you that I’ll be back in fifteen [says slowly] minutes.” Now the woman understood. And she said: “I am not quite ready. Could you please come back in 10 min?” And [unclear] 10 min. and left, she wasn’t there any more. But people didn’t know. Generally speaking we didn’t believe in all of this. We thought that the people would be sent to work, but not that they would be put into  ghetto. And when my family was taken—I truly raised hell on earth but I couldn’t do anything, nobody could. We didn’t believe what the English propaganda was telling us over the radio. We didn’t believe what they wrote to us from their  ghetto. We thought that all of it was propaganda.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=747.0,847.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Tell us, who from your family was taken? And how did it happen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=847.0,853.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e This happened precisely why my uncle truly believed in...ahh...French system, French honesty, if you would. He came here as a foreigner in 1939 and...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=853.0,865.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=865.0,866.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e From  Vienna. There he had a very big store, even factory of men’s wear. He was a wealthy man. And very smart man. I would like to underline that in order for you to understand future event. But due to the fact that he was a very honest man he could never understand human injustice, human dirt. And when...he had to prolong his Carte de la cite—recepisse every three months. His recepisse expired on 31 of August, 1942.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=866.0,895.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What expired?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=895.0,896.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Recepisse—it’s a document which substitutes...hmm...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=896.0,899.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . passport.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=899.0,899.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . French passport. Residence permit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=899.0,902.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=902.0,902.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: I wrote to them: “Gentlemen, I have been warned by such and such that following will happen. Be careful. Malvinochka”—this is my mother’s sister,—”is sick. She has gallstone. She has to go to the health resort.” We called a hiding place a health resort. He didn’t believe. My friends came to him in  Nice and told him: “[Unclear], don’t go, it’s dangerous. You’ll be caught.” He still didn’t believe. He took my grandmother—on paper she is 80 years old, in reality she is only now 76 year old, and this poor second aunt of mine—she has been paralyzed since she was eight after diphtheritis. He went with them. They stood in line for two hours. It only appears that he was the only one trusting person. In two hours they all...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=902.0,947.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What person?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=947.0,947.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: He wasn’t the only one! Nobody could imagine that the French police will act that way. In two hours they were arrested. Grandmother was let go instantaneously. But my poor paralyzed aunt and my healthy aunt, Malvinochka, his wife, were immediately arrested. Two more hours later they came back accompanied by two French policemen and she then said: “Dear mother, it’s over.” They were kept at the casern, in  Nice. They...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=947.0,972.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And your uncle?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=972.0,973.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Him too. He was still with them then. They were in Nice and later they were transferred to the camp next to the Spanish border Rivesaltes. [Pause] Salty river—apparently, the river is salty from Jewish tears.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=973.0,981.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=981.0,982.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: There they spent several more days. We have tried really hard...At that time Kanarskii, Iakov Aleksandrovich was there. He tried very hard! I telegraphed him. We have tried to issue a certificate for him [unclear] which was a part of ORT at the time. That I work...that I am a secretary of the society, that they are my relatives, that they have to be saved—none of it worked. My uncle according to his age—he was 61 yeas old, and then they took people only up to 60...healthy, unhealthy—it didn’t matter. There were certain categories [of people] who were not taken. For example, people with children who are French citizens, or who are...ahh...had some...ahh...did some services during the last war, these...hmm...volunteers, and people after 60 years of age. And my uncle wrote a letter. To us. And wrote to us that he didn’t know what to do: Follow his mind or listen to his heart. We answered that he should do as he understood.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=982.0,1043.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What did he mean by—”follow his mind”?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1043.0,1046.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Follow his mind means to leave, to be free, and voice of the heart...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1046.0,1049.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And he was allowed to leave?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1049.0,1050.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: He was! I have been explaining to you: He was 61 year old, and he had a right to leave, he was free. He was not subjected to deportation then, at that moment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1050.0,1057.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1057.0,1058.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Later everything changed: they took 95-year olds as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1058.0,1061.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1061.0,1061.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: He even could attend synagogue. He was a very religious man. He went and rabbi told him: “Do as you wish. I can not judge you.” And he understood that he had to follow that woman with whom he spent all his life...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1061.0,1073.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . follow his wife?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1073.0,1074.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Follow his wife, yes. [Laughs] He adored her, he courted her for 7 years as Jacob courted Rachel. He considered her a...a part of his body, his soul, and he understood that he could have not lived without her anyway.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1074.0,1090.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1090.0,1091.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And so they...they were taken to the unknown destination. I appointed along the whole way...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1091.0,1097.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Unknown?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1097.0,1097.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Unknown destination. I appointed along the way assistants [unclear] who gave them food, nourishment and we received several letters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1097.0,1106.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But...but how far did you receive...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1106.0,1108.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e We have been receiving letter till Brive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1108.0,1111.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where is that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1111.0,1112.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Brive is in the center of France.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1112.0,1113.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1113.0,1113.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Unclear] and my aunt wrote: “I am happy that I am leaving. We are rolling. Where to—I don’t know, but we’ll survive. And God will prevail over death.” It turned out that in this case death was much stronger than love. And if we believed...later I wrote a letter to Paris to the Central Jewish Committee to learn what happened to them. The answer stated that on September 17th, 1942 they were taken to the unknown destination.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1113.0,1143.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Were they in Drancy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1143.0,1145.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e They were in Drancy but unfortunately only one day. Even not the whole day—they were immediately taken away. I think that they were liquidated right away, as my aunt was a sick woman. Little...I think, I hope, I believe that she died possibly on the way, because she couldn’t bare this trip, in a cattle car, without water, standing in the middle. As for my uncle, you understand that he could have not lived long too. He—62 years of age, with sick stomachs, just as the rest of them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1145.0,1173.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. You don’t know where they were taken? No information...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1173.0,1177.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No news whatsoever. Later I worked for the Ministry for deported and prisoners of war. And all the papers that I filled out, all the inquires remained without any result. Were they afraid to risk, I don’t know. I think they simply didn’t know. Because once I received a word about a convoy in 1942 which at the attempt [unclear] was completely destroyed. And I want to hope that they happened to be precisely in that convoy. It may sound strange but for me it is easier to think that they perished immediately, that they were killed right away, rather than think that they have suffered there for several years or several months—in those barbarian conditions, and only after that did they find their death. [Pause.]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1177.0,1223.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Let’s backtrack. And so, where you were with your mother, with your foster...hmm...brother or son, and...what has been happening there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1223.0,1235.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: And so: When we arrived in Marseille—it was in November of 1941—instead of the charming southern sun we’ve encountered deep Siberian winter. Of course there was no mentioning of heating. It was a brick house where we were freezing. But then the spring came and we, as I told you before, had hope that we would be able to work well. And we already...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1235.0,1258.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1258.0,1258.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Of course, it was. And we worked there [pause], opened a school, as I told you, and the child went to school, visited with children. [Pause] And...and later, in November of 1942 arrived...ahh...Germans arrived in Marseille. And it was very unpleasant as when we heard the sound of German boots on Marseille pavements, we felt sour. Ah, yes! No, there was yet another thing: When the Germans started the war with Russia all Russians were arrested and it was very funny. I was at the office at the time. Suddenly the telephone rang and I was told: “Come home immediately.” What happened they didn’t tell. “Come immediately.” So I run home, on foot of course as there was no other way to get around; all trams were overcrowded, everybody battered [unclear] with their feet. I come home, ask the landlord what happened. He tells me: “Nothing, nothing. Your mother is alive.” I decided that my mother jumped from.... from the window. I arrive...hardly made it to...to the third floor, some man comes out. I ask: “What is with my mother?” He says: “She is alive.” And here I understood that it was a catastrophe. I entered, saw complete disorder: Drawers were open, closets—open, suitcases emptied. Mother stands surrounded by some people, and they say: “Madam, you are under arrest.” I wonder: “What for?” They say: “Political case.” When they said “political case” light darkened in my eyes because I had on me letters from various socialist friends who were then in prison. And I said of course that I don’t have anything to do with the politics. Nonetheless they asked us to take clothing and food for several days. “What to do with the child?” They said: “Take him with you.” Well. They escorted us rather nicely, paid for the tram tickets themselves. And so we arrived at [speaks in French].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1258.0,1374.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And who are they?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1374.0,1376.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Hmm...these...policemen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1376.0,1377.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e They paid for your tickets?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1377.0,1378.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e For theirs, theirs. We paid for ours, and they paid for theirs. They were policemen and didn’t have the right to ride for free. Apparently they wanted that we didn’t notice...that is was not obvious that we were arrested. And so we’ve arrived at [speaks in French]. When we entered the [says the name in French] we saw there a bottomless number of Russians and we understood right away that we were arrested as Russians. Later there was an interrogation, but French behaved surprisingly tactful. [Pause] But we...we were led to some steamboat where the interrogation was to take place. And people who...whom they considered...hmm...a bit suspicious from the political point of view were sent to camp. My luck was that I worked at ORT. Therefore I had...there was...I had such a brick wall behind my back. They let us go 48 hours after [unclear] interrogation which took three quarters of an hour...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1378.0,1431.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e On a steamboat?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1431.0,1431.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: On a steamboat....where there was a German, an Italian and a Frenchman. Each of them asked their questions. In the end one had to answer moderately, confidently and without too many details. After that we were let go. It happened in June 1941. But in November 1942 when Germans came to Marseille we [unclear] were told: “Gentlemen, try to leave this place.” And there was the question: Where to go? What to go? Why go? If we go on further, what will be the result? Germans can move further as well. Then we have learned that Germans occupy certain cities according to a certain line, but the rest of France will be under the Italian rule. And on advice of our friends we have moved to Voiron. It’s a little town not far from Grenoble, 26km. [Pause]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1431.0,1494.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Grenoble is on the French side?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1494.0,1496.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e But of course it is on the French side. It...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1496.0,1499.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Pardon my geography.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1499.0,1500.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e [Laughs]...it is 200 km from Geneva, I believe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1500.0,1504.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1504.0,1505.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e It’s a charming town. Well, our town is also a nice little town. Although when we arrived there there was a very big amount of the milice [militia]. French milice equals German SS. They also behaved rather...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1505.0,1520.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e SS or Gestapo?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1520.0,1522.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e [Pause] I have to tell you that there is no big difference between these two organizations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1522.0,1526.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1526.0,1526.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e They killed, and the others killed, so...ah...call they what you want.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1526.0,1531.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Hm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1531.0,1531.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: It doesn’t matter at all. In short, we have opened our office there, worked. We have opened a school in Grenoble—women’s sewing school which I...I had to travel there to make sure that everything was in order. And until September 1943 we truly lived [pause] absolutely secure: calm, quiet, undisturbed. We were...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1531.0,1555.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And where was Frankel at that moment?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1555.0,1556.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Frankel has been with us all this time. Rostislavskii[?] left then for Switzerland. He left in January of 1943 as his stay here was considered too risky. And later we have learned that he did more while staying in Switzerland in regards to financial and propaganda [unclear]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1556.0,1574.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Rostislavskii[?] as in France?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1574.0,1576.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Always. He has been in France.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1576.0,1578.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1578.0,1579.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e He has been from...hmm...1933. From 1933 he has been in France.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1579.0,1585.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1585.0,1586.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And in 1943 he left for Geneva, and Frankel stayed here. And Frankel naturally acted as a director of ORT.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1586.0,1594.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1594.0,1595.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And generally speaking he managed to [exhaust himself]—I have to tell you that I haven’t seen anything like that—he has lived...he initially wanted...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1595.0,1603.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In what meaning?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1603.0,1604.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e In heroic meaning!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1604.0,1606.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1606.0,1606.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: He never—you know that there were moments when people from Resistance would come to us and tell us: “Gentlemen, you have to leave, you have to hide”—Frankel never left for his underground apartment until he was sure that all his coworkers were in their places, hiding. Only after that did he take his little bag and left with his wife. The truth is also that we all were hiding in the same town, in different French families who treated us exceptionally well. They were...not that they were favorable of Jews as they were anti-Nazis. They believed that they are French and Germans should not do anything in their country. Besides, Isere region where we were was known as one of the strongholds of Résistance. There was [unclear] who worked wonders. It...Voiron...we could see from the road, and there were desperate battles. Schester himself was in [unclear], our lawyer. He has been to Verhov...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1606.0,1669.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Who?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1669.0,1669.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Schester, Iakov Mikhailovich.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1669.0,1671.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1671.0,1672.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e He went to Verhov and offered his services...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1672.0,1675.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Which city is it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1675.0,1676.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Ver-hov.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1676.0,1677.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Verhov.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1677.0,1678.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1678.0,1678.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In German] What is it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1678.0,1679.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [In Russian] It’s a town [technical interference] And there were big battles. And Schester went there with his wife; his son was in the Resistance army, Maquis. And Schester offered his services. I remember that in 1904[?] he was colonel in the army. And he was told [unclear]: “Dear friend, we are truly grateful to you for offering to help, but canons which you used during that war have long been covered in rust. We use absolutely different canons.” And he performed a quiet delivery thanks to the fact that he was not a Jew and his wife was a Christian. And also thanks to the fact that they were arrested not by [unclear]. They were kept for two hours with arms up so they would say that they are Jews. Of course they denied everything and were let go. And when Schester came down from the mountain and happened to be in Voiron we couldn’t recognize him—he aged by 10 years. [Pause] And so we worked all the time of course. Everything was peacefully and orderly. All our branches, all your companies in the south of France worked. We even talked about the fact that ORT will do the unfinished work for 7 years. We were issued fake papers, we were hiding children, we did everything that needed to be done. And on September 8th, 1943 I arrived in Grenoble and see these poor Italians being led as a herd of cattle—we didn’t know anything yet—accompanied by some young Germans. I asked a passer-by what happened. He said: “Madam, you don’t know? Yesterday the cease fire was declared between Germany and Italy. And so our [unclear].” And then I understood that...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1679.0,1784.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e These convoys were run [unclear]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1784.0,1787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e These were the occupying powers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1787.0,1788.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1788.0,1789.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No! These were the occupying powers. They absolutely...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1789.0,1791.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e These Italians who were the occupying power and who....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1791.0,1796.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1796.0,1796.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . treated you well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1796.0,1797.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Ideally. They didn’t notice us at all. They didn’t take any notice of us; those were the next years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1797.0,1804.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And here they were arrested...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1804.0,1807.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And they were arrested; they walked without belts and those hats with feathers; they walked looking rather untidy about the town and Germans were taking them right away. First what they did—they conducted raids. And when in the evening I asked...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1807.0,1821.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Raids on who?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1821.0,1822.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Everybody: Jews, members of Resistance, French—whoever they could get into their hands. When I came to school I have asked my students, I told them: “Gentlemen, what do we do? Do you want to continue working or not?” They said: “Yes, please be calm. We want to continue working.” And so we worked until September 12. September 12—it was already a bit risky as raids were...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1822.0,1843.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What year was it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1843.0,1844.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e 1943.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1844.0,1845.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1845.0,1845.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Raids were following one after another. And it was simply too risky to go. I personally three times couldn’t [unclear] because I am afraid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1845.0,1855.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1855.0,1855.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: First time I told them a story that my baby remains in Voiron and if I don’t return he will die from hunger. Second time I dashed by as a dark bird and third time I approached a Frenchman and said: “Listen, if you don’t let me pass, know that I’ll die”. And so I trusted my French spirit. He looked at me and apparently understood that...that there is a reason for me to ask him in such a way. He told me: “Go to the third on my left and then turn to the right.” I did as he said. And I came home.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1855.0,1892.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Third who?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1892.0,1893.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Third policeman.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1893.0,1895.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1895.0,1895.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: And I simply told the third policeman: “[Unclear].” And he looked at me [speaks in French]. And I shoot by. But of course those were wonders.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1895.0,1904.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Translate it into Russian.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1904.0,1905.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Unclear] I said: “Let me by”, and he said: “I don’t see you.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1905.0,1909.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1909.0,1910.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e I went. But later everything was bad. And still only German cars of Whermacht passed though Voiron carrying German soldiers, and all our police was disarmed. But still...ahh...at the beginning Gendarmerie...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1910.0,1929.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In other words it was [unclear]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1929.0,1931.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear], yes. They all conducted underground work. We issued fake cards in our commissariat in Voiron. With the official signature of the commissar. Commissar was then...he was a student of the medical faculty. [Pause] What else? There is much to tell [unclear] impossible. And then, in February this rather unpleasant event happened. Militia made Voiron its home and of course they chose as their place of residence hotel which was very close—10 min by foot—from the hotel where was ORT. And here we decided that everything is bad—it’s not good, and we don’t really appreciated such a neighbor. And officially we have closed our office for...ahh.. long term vacation. But before that, from February 1943 we didn’t have a right...no, from February—it was already 1944, from February 1944,—but from February 1943 foreign Jews didn’t have a right to work in...ahh...Jewish organizations, we were [unclear]. And here I have to emphasize that ORT was the only organization—[unclear] but I always tell how it is,—was the only organization that paid salary for all its employees, even when they were leaving to hide, he issued fake documents for them, in other words it was necessary [unclear] fake documents. He paid for the movement of ORT members; he acted as a father towards his [unclear]. Therefore we have such an absolutely different relationship to our organization—we love it as a part...as a part of ourselves. It was, of course, Frankel’s idea, because if it would have not been for him ORT.would have not existed. [Unclear, very soft voice]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1931.0,2050.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And how did ORT got its money?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2050.0,2053.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: How ORT got its money shouldn’t be mentioned. Some young people would arrive: “Are you Madam Monk?” “Yes.” “Here”—they gave me some package wrapped in several sheets of paper. I took the package, went to Frankel, said: “Here, I received.” “How much?” I said: “I have no idea. I haven’t looked.” [Unclear] Through various ambassadors, various young people from Resistance we sent post to Rostislavskii[?] so he would know what was happening to us, but it didn’t last long. There was...a moment came when we were afraid that we would be cut off, would be without money and anything else. And...but we received a lot of help, and there were people who would give us money. I am not familiar with the financial details; I was never interested in them. I only wanted to know that we had money and that we have something...ahh...to send those who left us because they were afraid. Men were especially afraid as they were in great danger. [Pause] For example, when was it? Already in 1944, in February, yes. We were told to hide. We didn’t know where to go. Then a lady from Resistance came to us: “Let me take you.” They brought us to a working French family. They welcomed us with open arms. It was late at night, at about 12 at night. This lady was walking with a dog [unclear]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2053.0,2144.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e It was a dog who...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2144.0,2146.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ah! Right....who we have called Right in honor of the British [unclear] if I am not mistaken. It was his last name. And so the three of us [unclear] came to these absolutely strange people who gave us their...their bedroom, who didn’t know how to treat us even nicer. We spent two weeks with them. Then a friend of ours told us that we could return home. And so I come home and see an invitation from the commissariat. I went to the commissariat, I thought that it was [unclear] something [unclear]. And here I am told: “Oh, my God, oh, my God, what awful news! Madam, you have to go to Germany.” The problem was...apparently they took me for a man, Germans, and I had to go to the forced labor as a man.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2146.0,2192.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How? According to your card? Ah...identity...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2192.0,2196.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: No. There were...they gathered then all men to go to the forced labor without a distinction between religion or race, without race difference. And all men received [an invitation]; everybody fled where they could. I alone received an invitation. And I said that I won’t go. And at the commissariat three policemen approached me and said: “Madam, do you have a place to hide? Because if you don’t we will accompany you to a farm where you can live until the end of the war, which we hope will end soon and you [unclear].” But because I had a family of friends I stayed with them for several days. Meanwhile a Frenchwoman came to Grenoble, learned the latest news, proved that I am a woman and not a man, and the incident didn’t have any consequences. [Pause] Then we had militia...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2196.0,2248.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Simply to clarify: Germans were compiling lists according to some cards...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2248.0,2254.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Germans...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2254.0,2254.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . and put you down as if you were a man...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2254.0,2256.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2256.0,2257.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2257.0,2258.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, after that there was as I told you...militia came and situated itself not far from ORT. And they spied on us [unclear] which you could imagine. Not far from Voiron, 2,5km there was an orphanage directed by rabbi Schmierson.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2258.0,2277.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Children’s...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2277.0,2278.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Children’s orphanage. It was a ritual orphanage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2278.0,2282.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Orthodox?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2282.0,2283.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Orthodox, yes. All the children were hidden there, of course. And rabbi hid there as well. This orphanage...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2283.0,2289.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Schmierson was, what...Chassidic Jew?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2289.0,2291.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Chassidic, yes. From Kiev.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2291.0,2294.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e From Kiev?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2294.0,2294.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. There his name was, I believe,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2294.0,2296.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e -So. [Unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2296.0,2297.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No. From Kiev, with red beard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2297.0,2300.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2300.0,2301.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e He did a lot. When Italians left he, thinking of saving Jews from Germans, took a very big number [of them] to Nice at his own expense.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2301.0,2311.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e He was what? French rabbi?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2311.0,2315.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No, he is Russian.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2315.0,2316.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2316.0,2317.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e He is Russian. He has his own yeshiva, school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2317.0,2325.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear, very soft voice]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2325.0,2329.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And so he...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2329.0,2331.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And where is the school?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2331.0,2332.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e 10 Rue [unclear]. It’s close to [unclear, very soft].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2332.0,2333.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear, very soft]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2333.0,2335.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And so rabbi Schmierson took a big number of Jews from Voiron and surrounding areas to Nice. Unfortunately, his undertaking failed. He intended to do good, but Germans preceded him. And when he arrived in Nice Germans were already there. And there he was hiding four days without seeing light...[Pause]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2335.0,2361.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] This concludes Spool 111 [not clear, very soft, recording stops abruptly]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2361.0,2373.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e This is Spool 112. The interviewee is Ms. Fira Monk...ah...a executive secretary at the [unintelligible] ORT organization in France. Paris, September the 7th, 1946. Illinois Institute of Technology, Illinois Institute of Technology wire recording.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2373.0,2395.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In Russian] Madam Monk, you were telling us about rabbi Schmierson who took children to Nice but was preceded...was preceded by Germans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2395.0,2408.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e He took with him not only children; he took with him very many adults as from the beginning of war in Voiron there happened to be 195 Jewish families.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2408.0,2416.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But what does it mean “took with him”? What...? What was this...ahh...for kind of undertaken?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2416.0,2421.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e What was...? Yes. He hired several [unclear] and sent his people to all Jews living in Voiron and the surrounding areas...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2421.0,2429.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Vieron?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2429.0,2430.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Voiron. [Spells] V-о-i-r-о-n....and said: “Gentlemen, I believe that it will be the best for all of us to go away from Germans and go to Nice. From Nice we’ll have more opportunities to get over to Italy or Italians will remain in Nice—there will possibly be Italian rule.” And many left then. I know because my grandmother lived still in Nice. I didn’t; have a slightest inclination to go. I always said: “There where there is a mass escape—run away from there yourself.” And it will be the most convenient thing for Germans to come there and catch everybody [unclear] as cat [catches] the mouse.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2430.0,2464.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Let’s correct: “There where to there is a mass escape...”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2464.0,2468.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e “There where to there is a mass escape...”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2468.0,2470.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. “Run away from there yourself”?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2470.0,2471.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And “Run away from there yourself.” [Pause]. It’s good there where we are not—old story. And so he started to gather people from everywhere, and he really managed to come back with quite many. But unfortunately, greater part of them died.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2471.0,2486.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2486.0,2486.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e In Nice at the train station there were Germans who caught people—put simply—with the nets as they catch dogs in big cities; they were immediately put into the cattle cars, transferred to Drancy and from there to Auschwitz and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2486.0,2504.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where is Drancy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2504.0,2506.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Drancy is not too far from Paris. In the north of Paris.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2506.0,2509.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And what is it? Some military settlement?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2509.0,2510.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2510.0,2510.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Or caserns?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2510.0,2511.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No, it’s a little town, suburb. It’s a regular suburb. And there were caserns. And they created in these caserns of the suburb some sort of a...transit camp.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2511.0,2523.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2523.0,2524.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Recently I passed Drancy, but I didn’t master enough courage to get off and see this town because I consider this town to be a place of death of all the people who left from there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2524.0,2533.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2533.0,2534.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And so, when Schmierson came back—a fellow French woman went to get him, she brought him back from Nice in a cab,—rabbi was hidden right away. He was place in...ahh...one...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2534.0,2544.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e French Jew?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2544.0,2546.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No, Christian went, Christian.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2546.0,2548.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2548.0,2548.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Very nice woman. Her husband later died, was shot by German. Mother of two children. And rabbi was hidden in one deserted house in town. It was 5km from Grenoble; and his wife [unclear] remained, once left the house in order to go somewhere to pick up things. She was approached by two people. She was arrested. At the same time several other people were arrested, and [unclear] of the deceased brother of our agriculturalist. They were taken to...1,5km away from Voiron to a hill where they...where militia confiscated a private villa, and there 3-4 people were subjected to the most horrifying tortures and brutalization. Rabbi’s wife [uses a female form of rabbi in Russian] Schmierson had to eat their excrements, that they did [unclear], crushed records, drink soapy and salty water. One gentleman Herzog was shot right on the street. Later they said that he was defending himself. And they beat him so badly that he shortly after that died.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2548.0,2607.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What did they want?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2607.0,2609.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e They wanted money! From the rabbi’s wife they wanted to know where rabbi Schmierson was. They considered him a very dangerous element.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2609.0,2615.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Who were they—French or Germans?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2615.0,2616.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e But these were French! It was French militia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2616.0,2618.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2618.0,2619.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Scum of the society. Generally speaking, militia was formed from the prisoners. They were told: “We’ll let you free. But you have to become a member of militia.” Others were signed up in return for some thousand francs. At the beginning when the militia was formed many former military men [says in French] joined in—participants of the old war. They thought, that militia—it’s a military formation. But when they saw, honest left but other...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2619.0,2644.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2644.0,2645.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, and the scum of the society remained. Especially because for each Jewish head one could receive three thousand francs. At that time it was a decent sum of money. Yes, three thousand francs...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2645.0,2654.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean—for a head?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2654.0,2655.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e For Jewish head they paid three thousand francs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2655.0,2658.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Jews who Germans were looking for?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2658.0,2660.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: No, why bother?! Simply said that here lives a Jew. They walked around and said: “Here lives a Jew. Go arrest him”. After they informed the authorities, Jew is arrested values us much more. Christ was sold for thirty silver coins, and we are sold for three thousand.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2660.0,2680.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But francs were not sliver?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2680.0,2682.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e It doesn’t matter. They were calculated by the gold currency.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2682.0,2684.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Who?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2684.0,2684.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear] golden stores. Then the prefect from Grenoble...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2684.0,2690.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Everything became more expensive?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2690.0,2692.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, but human life became cheaper.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2692.0,2693.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So, if there it was thirty, and here three thousands—price increased!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2693.0,2698.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Apparently the price of life did increase. See, how much time has passed. And then when our friends were arrested, rabbi...ahh...prefect of Grenoble himself [unclear] what was happening. “Who is an authority here—I or them?” And he told to this militia: “Listen, either you let those Jews free, either you remain here or I do.” He wrote to Vichy about it. I don’t know what happened there. All of it is covered by a big mystery, some dark curtain. At any rate, rabbi’s wife, [name unclear] were set free and poor Herzog died in there. He was taken out, but he has already died. Rabbi’s wife was free. Then they were transferred...transferred to another place, 10km away from Voiron where they lived on a farm. Nobody knew of it—they didn’t know, I didn’t know. At any rate when I talked to him I haven’t seen anybody new. I visited him quite often. He remained without money and he was then given...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2698.0,2752.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Rabbi?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2752.0,2753.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Sergei Aleksandrovich. His children who he looked after he hid. And one beautiful day militia has learned that there was [unclear] a Resistance family. They took along two or three Germans from Gestapo and went there. When they saw crying children German said: “What is this? We were told that he is Resistance but here there are only [unclear].” It didn’t prevent them from taking all 19 children starting from 3-year olds up to 19 year olds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2753.0,2780.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And how many children were there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2780.0,2781.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e 22.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2781.0,2781.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And what did they do...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2781.0,2783.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e They [unclear, noises]. All 22 children were taken.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2783.0,2788.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e You said 19.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2788.0,2790.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No. From 3 to 19 yeas of age.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2790.0,2792.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Оh!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2792.0,2793.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: From 3 to 19 yeas of age. And only one managed to escape. He escaped from Drancy. He is a brother of my friend. He was brought to [unclear] Drancy, when he was working on rails dismantling a bomb which supposedly didn’t explode. German left to the other side. Then, without waiting for the German to return, he ran away. And three weeks later he appeared in Voiron. By the joined effort he was sent to the Spanish border. He crossed into Spain and was sent to Palestine. And remained there. But the rest of them perished. From all of them only one person returned—young man 19 year old. [Pause] Well, rabbi was hiding all the time. And somewhat later I was returning after a visit with him and met two friends of mine. They told me: “Listen, what awful news! What tragedy! Schmierson is killed.” At first I didn’t dare to tell them that I was returning after visiting with him as everything was kept under a big secret, even from the closest friends. Especially because that day I brought him a big sum of money. He still had visitors, religious Jews who were hiding among Résistance and lived without any money and whom he financially supported. So I said: “What happened? Tell me how?” “In [says the name of the place in French, unclear]—it’s 6km away from Voiron—Schmierson was killed.” And you know they started to cry. I said: “Listen, girls. Schmierson is not killed. I am returning from seeing him. When was he killed?” “1,5 hrs. ago.” “unclear] 1,5hrs as well—these are impossible things in the end. If they were there it means that they would have found me as well. And I wouldn’t be sitting right now at the tea table.” What happened was that they arrived [unclear] and asked a girl: “Tell us, do you know here a gentleman with a beard?” And the girl really said: “But of course! Here, he lives in this little house.” And they went—militia—there. It was a little house where two Jews lived. They built a fake wall in their house. Behind that wall there was a hole where two people could fit. Son-in-law of this gentleman hid there and said: “Come with me, father.” But the father said: “No. If it’s my destiny to live—I’ll live, if not, I am”,—he says—”God’s son.” And they entered. And they took these Jews. Two. The second one came to visit and discuss some religious but maybe also political topics. And in three hours they found [unclear].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2793.0,2930.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear] and they took him for Schmierson?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2930.0,2932.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e They took for Schmierson. They were biting their elbows later that it was not rabbi but nonetheless they were glad that they could take two Jews with them. And in April of 1944, when...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2932.0,2941.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Was it militia?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2941.0,2942.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: It was militia...militia. And in April of 1944, when militia was in [unclear] our Voiron there was its chief, Mr. Jordal. When we first arrived in Voiron he pulished a little newspaper “Voiron paper” [unclear] dirty newspaper. It published very [unclear]. “Who are these people who walk up the hill...?” Out house was on the hill back then. “...up the hill in waterproof coats with bags in their armpits. Are they doctors? No. Lawyers? Oh, no. Military men? Help us God! These are Jews, pardon. [Unclear]” They wrote: “We are happy to inform you that Mr. Frankel with his wife moved to Auschwitz. We are happy to inform the Voiron population that Ms. Monk has moved from the hotel to her own apartment.” Our apartment was some half ruined hut [unclear]. “Mr. Levy?! But of course, Mr. Levy resides at a castle.” Did he live in a castle? No. Because it was a castle...because it was a very cheap...his acquaintances gave him a room in one so called castle. It was a big house in the middle of the orchard. And so. Editor of this newspaper, Mr. Jordal took part in arrests and robbery of all Jews who could be found in the surroundings of Grenoble, and who assisted in arrest of the wife of rabbi Schmierson. And so, one beautiful morning...his house was just across the street form the state professional school. Boys from the school were, of course, members of the Résistance. And so, one beautiful morning, at 7 in the morning I went to town and one woman tells me: “Madam, why?! You are in town?! Do you know that Jordal got killed?” I got quite an unpleasant feeling. She says: “Yes, he is killed. I beg you please be careful because there could be a big problem.” I went home. This was a very difficult time in France. We absolutely didn’t have any bread. But because I had a little family who I had to feed I decided what comes comes but I had to find some bread. And I went to town. I met a policeman I knew: “Where do you go?” I said “I am going to get cigarettes and bread because [unclear]”. He says: “Go, but please do it quickly, as I don’t know what will happen.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2942.0,3081.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear, very soft]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3081.0,3082.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Policeman. Ordinary policeman.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3082.0,3086.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3086.0,3087.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: And I went to the store where I bought cigarettes on the black market. [Pause] I entered the store. This was not...ahh...bread...not a bakery but a general store, and thought that maybe I’ll find dry biscuits there. I asked a sales assistant. She says: “No, we don’t have dry biscuits any more”. Then I wanted to take...ahh...the door knob in order to leave. Some guy approached me—very big, very handsome, armed up to his teeth and told me in French—it sounds quite inappropriate: “Go to hell! We are all fed up with you!” Well, at first I decided to get upset. It all happened within a second; the decision was of course to almost start a fight but then I decided that no, lady doesn’t fight. Besides he had a machine gun. And I left. And when I met several familiar Jews on the street I told them: “Gentlemen, go home. It smells bad today.” Unfortunately, not all of them listened to me. I came home. And in two hours I have learned that at the square they took 7 Jews, and that they were taken away. It was at 2 o’clock. At 6 in the evening a young man from the Résistance came to see me and said: “Madam, seven people are killed behind the mill.” They were killed in most horrifying manner. They had eyes torn out. Their nails were torn out. They had every hair pulled out separately. Their members were cut and all [unclear, noises]. They tortured them in the most atrocious way. We didn’t have time to cry. We went to the commissariat and we asked at the commissariat to send one of their people with a photo camera to the place of happening. At 8 in the evening pictures with the full description of what had happened were sent to Switzerland by the young people who...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3087.0,3189.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How is that? From police station?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3189.0,3191.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e From police station.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3191.0,3193.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What is it? French police?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3193.0,3195.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e French police took pictures. They gave us what we needed. These were the policemen...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3195.0,3199.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Policemen were in the Resistance?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3199.0,3200.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Of course they were connected to Resistance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3200.0,3204.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And they couldn’t [unclear]...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3204.0,3206.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: They couldn’t. Secretary of the commissariat was deported. And everybody who served in our national police at the commissariat was deported. They arrested many Christians. There were two Gestapo raids; they didn’t pay any attention to the Jews then, but arrested only the Christians. [Pause] And so among them...I saw those pictures myself. Among them there was a young gentleman of 36 years of age, father of three children. His wife was pregnant with the fourth. When I was brought those pictures—I saw them [unclear, noises], I asked them: “Who is this old man?” “How?! This is [last name is unclear, says it in French].” I said: “What do you mean [last name unclear]?” In front of me I saw a man who was 70 years old. It was truly horrible. And so at 8 in the evening those documents went to Switzerland. This report was read on radio [says the name in French] as then we had a radio that also broadcasted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3206.0,3261.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Ahh...underground radio?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3261.0,3263.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Of course, underground. It was fixed by a Pole. And the very next day the English radio told the whole world what happened in Voiron. [Pause] It was militia’s revenge for Jordal’s murder. He was killed with all his family, including a 3 year old child. But we knew that Resistance didn’t do it as Resistance didn’t murder small children. We knew indeed. People who knew for sure told us. And later it turned out to be true: it was simply score-settling. They stole 26 mio. francs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3263.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Who?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3300.0,3301.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Militia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3301.0,3302.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3302.0,3302.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And they wanted to share. And of course every one wanted the biggest piece. Jordal was an owner of a beautiful house. He had several houses in [unclear]. Officially he had those [speaks in French], you know, [speaks in French]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3302.0,3317.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3317.0,3318.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . central heating.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3318.0,3321.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3321.0,3321.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e But in reality he managed prostitution houses. So a beautiful family. And the whole family was murdered. Only one son survived. What happened to him I don’t know. All the other participants of this awful murder were killed by the Resistance. Some before [unclear], others—after. Then 5km away from Voiron there was...such an exemplary case. There lived one Polish peasant. He always was a merry fellow, worked at a quarry and was a fisherman. And one beautiful day [unclear]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3321.0,3354.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where did he work?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3354.0,3355.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e At the quarry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3355.0,3356.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3356.0,3357.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: So it was a happy-go-lucky sort of fellow. Merry, loved to drink, father of seven children and a man who didn’t fear anything at all. And what I am about to tell you saw my girlfriend with her own eyes from the windows of her hotel. She lives as a peasant in this village, was a singer, called [says the name of the theater in French]. A car arrived with two Gestapo and two militia men in it. They approached the Pole who was sitting with some other Poles at the table drinking beer. They asked them to undress. At first everybody was shocked. They say: “Are you Jews?” “No.” “Then undress.” They undressed, proved that they are not Jews. And this Pole was somewhat flustered. And he raised his hand on Gestapo  Ah! “Good bye, good bye!” The latter, first of all, noticed a Polish hand: “How is that possible! Pole raised his hand! And this “Good bye”!” He grabbed this Pole by the collar, pushed him into the car and took him away. Three days later his body was found. I have to say that this little town was at its best. His wife [unclear] but he cannot be brought back of course. That he was the most unlucky guy. The town accommodated her greatly. She immediately received 20 thousand francs. When she gave birth to their 4th child she was placed into the municipal hospital—the hospital there is amazing, by the way,—and its head physician, Dr. Bova was at his best. Among others he treated members of the Resistance, performed surgeries and all. They didn’t take money from her, of course. She received a wonderful town’s dowry for her baby. I mentioned that I need a couple of baby suits and one French lady—she also worked at the Resistance—brought me a box of things which you couldn’t get even for the biggest money. As you know everything was limited and children received 3kg of wool for the first three years of life while normally 5kg were needed [unclear]. She was given a certain pension by the Jewish organizations, by the Resistance. But in the end it doesn’t bring her husband back especially while they were very close to each other. So and about this time when militia was at the height of its power my grandmother came to Voiron with the French papers. Besides “Bonjour, madam, monsieur, au revoir” she couldn’t say anything at all. She arrived as Madam Vuaral, deaf woman from Alsace. She was welcomed...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3357.0,3502.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean? Deaf?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3502.0,3503.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, I think so. She couldn’t speak! [says with laughter]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3503.0,3505.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3505.0,3508.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: No, she was very...all the time on the road she spoke Russian very fast. Generally her attitude was: “It’s nothing, I’ll get there”.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3508.0,3516.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear], that she is deaf?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3516.0,3518.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Yes, her papers stated that she was...ahh...what is it called...[speaks in French]—she is deaf, all her life. She was brought by mother’s daughter-in-law...ahh...widow of mother’s brother who came...When she speaks French you will hear from 8km away that she is Russian. And she makes mistakes in every second word, but nonetheless she came as mademoiselle Vuaral and was sure that nobody knew she was Russian. And so one day they search our house. Arrived a guy from Vichy. Normally our house was searched quite often; it was public all the time. But this one was the most unpleasant one as this guy came from Vichy and searched all the Jewish houses. He searched a house of [unclear]—this is our old co-worker who worked at ORT for 25 years. He is in the US now. At his house he knocked on the walls and certainly wanted to prove that he was a Soviet citizen, that he is a Soviet spy and God knows what else, but in the end nothing...awkwardly he had to leave as there was nothing to take. He came to us, and here is my aunt with her fake papers. And so he asks her: “Have you been in Voiron for a long time?” My aunt answers in a voice hoarse from fear: “Oui.” Then I said: “You know, she has a severe cold. I even prefer that she doesn’t talk.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3518.0,3602.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e This is the one who was supposed to be deaf?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3602.0,3605.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No, grandmother was deaf. And this is her daughter-in-law.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3605.0,3607.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3607.0,3609.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: My deaf grandmother—we made real papers for her right away. I went ot the commissariat and said: “My grandmother has arrived. We need to make her papers as she came [unclear].” That was that. I immediately received a recepisse for her [unclear]. She didn’t have to go to the commissariat even once. But the daughter-in-law decided to keep her papers. And when she was asked: “Have you been in Voiron for a long time?” she answered: “Oui.” And based on her [unclear] it was immediately clear that...she wasn’t born in...not far from Paris. And I said that she had a cold and that her voice was hoarse. I don’t know if he understood, if he wanted or didn’t want, but in any case he didn’t pay to her any more attention but rather attacked my library. There were very many English books in my library. He asked: “Aha! You have so many English books! Why?” I said: “It’s very simple. I hope that English will be here soon. [Unclear, very soft].” He went pale but didn’t say anything. After that he started to search my...ahh...suitcase and pulled out a couple of...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3609.0,3671.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you really answer like that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3671.0,3673.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: I decided that it doesn’t matter. If I had to die at least I’ll die proudly. I didn’t want to be afraid. I hated...I knew that the more bold I’ll be the more modest he’ll become. Because these people were in the end idiots. They didn’t know...they were people without any culture. They became embarrassed if you told them something that was not in their repertoire of ideas. They knew we have to do this and that. But what came after that they couldn’t grasp. And they were not able to utter a more decent answer. [Pause] And when he started to go through my suitcase he pulled out a couple of my tights. [Unclear] I told him: “Listen, don’t search other people’s things. You have to apologize.” “Yes, yes, you know, I have to follow my orders given to me from above.” I said: “Pardon me, but if I am told [unclear] to do this and that and I am against it, I’ll simply say: ‘Gentlemen, I don’t want to do it.’ But [unclear] I won’t search stranger’s suitcases.” Then he angrily slammed the cover of the suitcase saying: “I can’t deal with you at all!”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3673.0,3734.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Was he German?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3734.0,3735.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e French, French! I have never had Germans. I went...we all went through this occupation as a religious rabbi between the rain drops. Do you know this anecdote?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3735.0,3746.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e About rabbi?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3746.0,3748.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e About rabbi. But rabbi was in the middle. Gestapo to the right, militia to the left and us in the middle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3748.0,3753.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3753.0,3754.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, after that everything happened very fast. As we have learned, on May 6...June 6 there was landing. Our spirits somewhat raised right away...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3754.0,3764.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e 1945?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3764.0,3766.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e 1944!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3766.0,3767.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3767.0,3768.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: All. We were breathing easier. Every time somebody from the Resistance would come: “Ah, they will attack tomorrow. Ah, tomorrow they will be here and here.” We didn’t leave from the radio. We have listened to the radio until 2-3 o’clock at night. We went to bed...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3768.0,3783.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What radio did you listen to?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3783.0,3784.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e English, of course. [Unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3784.0,3787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3787.0,3787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Everybody spoke French. Everybody was asking for permission. There even was such an anecdote. A woman came to church to pray for...hmm...to pray for the wellbeing of her husband, German prisoner of war. And she says...hmm...that she would like to come and confess first. A priest tells her: “What time would you like to come?” She says: “I would like to come at 11 o’clock at night.” But he says: “I can’t at 11 o’clock at night.” “Why?” “I sit at home and listen to the English radio.” So you see listening to the English radio was much more important. It was a very good radio “Atlantic.” They broadcasted this...ahh...dancing music and in between reported news. These were the best news ever.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3787.0,3825.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e This was [unclear]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3825.0,3827.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: It was an underground radio as well. Then we have listened to the French radio. We have listened to the German radio! We have listened speeches by Hitler and Goebbels. It was awfully [unclear] when we heard: “We won’t surrender this, we won’t surrender that!” We knew for the fact that those places were already taken long ago. Germans either didn’t know that or [unclear]. When they cried that “we won’t leave Stalingrad” we already were drinking vodka to its surrender. We remembered [unclear] as it is not possible...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3827.0,3852.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e You were drinking vodka for...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3852.0,3855.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . to taking Stalingrad by ours [our troops]! To victory! To [unclear] of course.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3855.0,3856.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3856.0,3857.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e [Pause] Well, after that it was easier and easier to breath. Militia somehow was embarrassed. Resistance came down from the mountains and acted...in short they became the masters. They travelled around by cars; they were armed up to their teeth. It was all youth. [Unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3857.0,3878.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And the war didn’t end?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3878.0,3880.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: No! The war didn’t end. There was no liberation yet. It was only a fight for France. And so on August 15, 1944 a boy ran to our house, from maquis, with missing buttons. We sat down to fix his buttons. He says: “Gentlemen, Grenoble will be taken by our [troops] on the 19th!” So I asked him: “You have promised us ‘the 19th’ so many times that we became tired of it!” We were not liberated on the 19th, but on the 22nd a friend of us came to visit. We didn’t recognize him, he was rather old. In front of us we see a young man who takes my hand and: “Let’s go to the square! Do you hear bells?” I didn’t. I heard them when [unclear] through the window. And we went to the square, we ran—to be more precise. The square in front of the church—Gothic church of the 12 century—was filled with people. It was...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3880.0,3931.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e 1944?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3931.0,3933.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: 1944, August 22nd. There was a mass of people. Everybody was crying, kissing each other. I was attacked by some strangers who started to kiss me. I have never seen them in my life. Later I found out who they were. Some brave man climbed the bell tower with a three-colored flag. And when this three-colored flag started to fly in the air, and when French went on their knees and started to sing “Marseillaise” then I understood that [unclear] France, that all these horrors [unclear] of this old little town. It was exceptionally beautiful. And first of all, another interesting moment. It was a rather gray morning. And when the militia was walking—and this is not literature—the sky turned blue and sun started to shine. [Pause] It was so wonderful! And two hours later first American tanks appeared. Appeared these boys in these furry helmets with some leaves and grasses sticking out of them; they asked: “[In English] Where are the Germans? We haven’t seen one since [unclear]!” [Unclear] “German? No, they run in from of us.” We all climbed on tanks. We kissed and hugged those tanks and those boys. We were happy. We were thankful to them as never before. Then there was a little moment when it was reported that Germans will...hmm...come to Voiron; that they are retreating from Grenoble to Voiron. Everybody ran away. But the three-colored flag was flying from the church and all the windows. In half an hour panic settled down, and we visited coffee shops and hugged and kissed all the American soldiers. We offered them vodka, we didn’t know what to do with them. We were drunk from happiness. They—drunk as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3933.0,4033.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear, very soft]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4033.0,4036.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e All of them. They escaped at breakneck pace. Our friends who lived in Voiron...in Grenoble told us that on the 21st at night they heard some strange noise. And they understood that everything is well. It was Germans who rushed to pack their belongings. And not saying a word they started to run! [Unclear] In the morning when the people got up and came outside there was not a single German left. Americans hasn’t arrived yet, but there were no Germans any more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4036.0,4066.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4066.0,4066.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And only maquis ruled there. But there was fire everywhere, of course. There were very many victims.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4066.0,4072.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Maquis?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4072.0,4072.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Very...too many. [Pause] But earlier there were moments when...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4072.0,4079.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But what about the war...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4079.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e The war hasn’t ended yet. Paris was liberated on August 25th, then the war ended.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4080.0,4085.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e August of 1944?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4085.0,4086.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . 1944. But the war continued...1944!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4086.0,4093.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But of course.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4093.0,4094.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e But the war was...France didn’t have the war any more. The war continued in the north and other countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4094.0,4100.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4100.0,4100.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e The cease-fire was signed only on May 8, 1945. But at that time I was in Toulouse already. I was sent there by the management to open a new...our old center closed by the Germans which was emptied by the Germans. I was in Toulouse then. And there I saw that our little Voiron can celebrate victory even better than big university towns. More sincerely [says with laughter].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4100.0,4124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4124.0,4126.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4126.0,4127.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Now. Tell me [pause]...ahh...tell me: You have taken interviews with very many displaced persons [says in English]—displaced persons, so to speak, [unclear] right after the war—something I didn’t manage to do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4127.0,4150.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. I...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4150.0,4151.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Give me some moments or a picture...better to say pictures of separate cases which you think it is especially important or interesting to record.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4151.0,4169.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e I’ll tell you that there were very many...I have worked in Toulouse in [says the name of the organization in French]—it was a center...receiving center for returning deportees and prisoners of war. And there I had a chance to talk to many people. Ahh...unfortunately, there were very few deported Jews. I have found only 10 people. But later my office visited various young people who didn’t return to [unclear] Toulouse but through other cities and wanted to find job with us. And so with some of them...for example, there was...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4169.0,4206.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Please tell me something about non-Jews as well. Who were these [unclear]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4206.0,4210.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Ah! I’ll tell you now. Non-Jews were exclusi...almost all—99%, one can say—political. They were communists, socialists and members of the Resistance. These are underground workers. I can only speak of Voiron with certainty because it was town where I have lived...from 1942 to 1944—the most difficult moments. There was a hotel—Tardy. Ahh...its owners had two sons. Both of them were members of the Resistance. Charming young, well, young—one was thirty-nine and the other thirty-six years old. They were taken. One beautiful night they were picked up, deported and nobody knew anything of them. Later we’ve learned that they have died in Buchenwald. So all those who...ahh...secretary of the commissariat was arrested as I already told you, and deported. Second one...this...Engels...what is it called [unclear]...[Pause]. Many of them were [unclear, noises] deported and shot. He was shot in Grenoble. Many many young people were sent to the forced labor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4210.0,4280.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e French?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4280.0,4281.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e French. But you know that they have sent there an endless number of the French youth, and those who managed to escape joined maquis. At the beginning when they were sent they thought that they will work there, receive some money [unclear] will have 2 thousand francs a months—that will be good. But they will finance as every self-respecting French man. When, however, it turned out that they live just like all the Jews in the same place and same horrible conditions, in other words they let pass Jews first, and then they let pass non-Jews. There was no difference whatsoever. I talked to a young girl who returned from...from Auschwitz...later she stayed in several other camps. For two months she has been there in brothel. She told me that absolutely directly. She...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4281.0,4329.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What for?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4329.0,4330.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Unclear] You know I don’t ask these people questions. I...I let them talk as I don’t want that they think I am curious. That would be a sick curiosity to ask them. [Unclear, very soft] So one of them told me: “I don’t know how you will look at me. I spent two months in brothel. And I only survived because a young German fell in love with me”. Every quarter of an hour she had another German, and quarter of an hour to rest. If a German stayed longer than 5 min. there was a knock on the door.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4330.0,4367.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, let’s clarify this. When I asked about it in...Buchenwald I was told that it was allowed in Buchenwald and that all the prostitutes there were non-Jews as Germans consider it Rassenschande.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4367.0,4388.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4388.0,4389.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So how did this Jewish girl happen to be in a brothel?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4389.0,4392.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e I agree with you. I don’t know. I only can tell you what this girl told me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4392.0,4396.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4396.0,4397.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e I was told by another girl that many, even Jewish girls thought that they will be able to survive while being in brothels.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4397.0,4404.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4404.0,4405.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e But unfortunately it was not the case. There they could work only for three months. After three months almost all of them would get sick. Then they were shot. I read a letter that came from some camp I don’t remember which one. And that letter was later published in one underground newspaper [says the name in French]. And the girl—this Polish partisan...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4405.0,4423.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What was the newspaper called?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4423.0,4423.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e [Repeats in French] “Christian evidence.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4423.0,4427.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4427.0,4427.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And this girl wrote to her mother in Nice: “Mother, I serve as a mattress for the German soldiers. I work for a third month already. I am sick. I know that I’ll be shot. This is my last letter.” I saw this letter myself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4427.0,4442.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4442.0,4444.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: And the fact that they don’t want to talk about it is absolutely normal, because we don’t want to [unclear] one more time. And if they don’t tell you [unclear] that it didn’t happen there. I can only repeat what they have told me. A young man of 26 years of age came to visit me. He told me: “Madam, I don’t know how you’ll look at me. I saved my life only because I was [unclear].”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4444.0,4475.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Woman?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4475.0,4476.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Man!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4476.0,4477.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4477.0,4477.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Young boy, he was 26 years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4477.0,4479.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4479.0,4479.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: He arrived absolutely [unclear] in physical and mental [unclear]. And he was pleading with me: “What should I do? I want to become normal again, I am followed by it.” I told him that I can’t accuse him. On the contrary! I prefer that he saved his life in such a manner rather than...ahh...by doing some other ugly deeds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4479.0,4512.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4512.0,4514.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And I send him to Toulouse to a psychiatrist and he has been treated there. In the end he recovered. I received a letter from him when for the first time he started to court a lady [unclear].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4514.0,4524.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4524.0,4525.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And then a girl told me that she saw a woman who was subjected to some experiments. A doctor I know...ahh...who spent several years in those camps,—no, two years he spent there,—observed experiments there when they took an arm and nailed it to the head. When they injected...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4525.0,4532.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e They did what with an arm?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4532.0,4533.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Arm was nailed to the head or the back.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4533.0,4536.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4536.0,4536.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Because they could do it!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4536.0,4537.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4537.0,4538.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Because you tear a right paw, but the human is alive. He saw women who received an injection of...of the sperm from different animal. He saw a woman who was injected with the sperm of...ahh...a horse and who was bloated as a barrel and who...literally exploded.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4538.0,4557.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. She was injected with...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4557.0,4558.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e She was injected with the sperm, they did...ahh...artificial insemination.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4558.0,4562.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But how did she bloated? She couldn’t have gotten pregnant...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4562.0,4566.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: She couldn’t conceive. But the conditions were normal. They went in there and [unclear]. I’ll tell you the following: I’ll tell you what they did. It happened in Nice. In one Jewish family there they have arrested 4 people, and there was a little girl. A girl of 12 years of age. Not Jewish, no. Little French. And she returned three days later. They asked her: “So, how? How are you? What did they do to you?” She says: “Nothing. They didn’t do anything to me.” But the parents called a doctor who noticed a little injection site on her right hand. He asked: “What is it?” She said: “I don’t know anything. They gave me an injection.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4566.0,4601.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How old was the girl?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4601.0,4602.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e 12. Two days later she died. [Pause] They injected her—my friend doctor told me, I don’t know if it’s true,—that it’s unclear, what [unclear, noises]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4602.0,4618.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] This concludes Spool 112. The interviewee is Fira Monk [unclear, technical tape disruption]. Illinois Institute of Technology wire recording.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4618.0,4632.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e This is apparently Spool 9-113, 9-dash-1-1-3 [pronounces separately]. The original identification as Spool 114 is apparently incorrect. Boder, Chicago. October, 1950.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4632.0,4666.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e This is Spool 114. Paris, September the 7th, 1946. We continue from Spool 111 and 112. The interviewee is Ms. Fira Monk, an executive secretary...ah...of the Paris office of the ORT.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4666.0,4684.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In Russian] Fira, tell me the following. So you were telling me about the famous cases which...or famous stories that you have heard from the returning deportees who you have interviewed. Ahh...do you have some more?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4684.0,4709.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e I told...I have very many stories but I promised those people not to tell them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4709.0,4716.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But you don’t mention the names!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4716.0,4718.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: I don’t know. You see I have such a [unclear] that I promised...it’s difficult to say. I can tell you one thing though: All those people always return to the same theme. That it was horrible, that it was in such a way that no human fantasy can imagine. They went to sleep with a neighbor. At night it happened that your neighbor got cold and in the morning his body started to decay. But you didn’t pay any attention to...to him. And continued to sleep next to him. Because his bread portion was still distributed. And at that time people were fighting for a piece of bread. I talked to a boy. He is 16 year old. He told me: “Listen, my hands are covered in blood. And this is a policemen blood of the Germans, there is Jewish blood on them. I killed people for a piece of bread. I killed people for some extra clothing.” I told him: “I can not judge you as I don’t know how I would have behaved in your place. You have to forget about it.” He says: “No, I shouldn’t forget. [Unclear] I have to remember.” [Unclear] these horrible accounts. I believe you have heard enough of them. There are people, however, who forget. [Unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4718.0,4789.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e I would like your opinion on the following. I think that women were not always honest with me. I have such principles. I believe that they were more open and honest with you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4789.0,4798.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4798.0,4799.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But from the other side it is extremely important that these facts were recorded not because...ahh...as in science it’s acceptable to believe anything...but they can serve as pointers or...ahh...so to speak...give directions for further research.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4799.0,4827.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: I understand. I’ll tell you that the majority of women whom I have interviewed were mostly young women. They all told me: “We have not returned in the same condition we left.” In other words they apparently all—despite the Rassenschande, despite the prohibited relationships with the Jewish women...but at the beginning before their hair was shaved so they would lose any human appearance, they still were those young pretty girls who were taken away. I understand that up to a certain point they all were used by Germans and then when they...if they didn’t get sick or if they have passed a certain experience they turned into the same baggage animals, into the same slaves. These were camps like [unclear] where women worked and they worked like cattle. They—old prisoners told—they had such a stench, they had parasites on them and nobody even looked at them, nobody could approach them. So I don’t think that such a woman could seduce even the most naive German soldier.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4827.0,4889.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4889.0,4890.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: But I think that bigger...the most...the bigger percentage of the young women still went exactly through that kind of humiliation. Because all of them told me: “I have this disease, I have that disease.” I sent them to the doctors, I visited doctors with them. And mostly those were sexually transmitted diseases.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4890.0,4912.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e From the other side I believe that the Germans were extremely careful about their soldiers not having sexually transmitted diseases?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4912.0,4922.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Every two days they...the women from those houses...they were checked by a doctor. There they had excellent hygiene conditions. There was water, and after that a German would be given a clean towel. Clean water was not given. Everybody knew that in spite the towel one could get infected through water. And every soldier before he visited a woman received a special pill.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4922.0,4944.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What pill?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4944.0,4945.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e I don’t know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4945.0,4946.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you mean medical...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4946.0,4947.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, yes, yes. Something preventative...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4947.0,4949.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha, preventative.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4949.0,4950.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Yes. But [unclear] very difficult. Even with me these women...they get closed somehow. I...I am telling you that I didn’t ask them. But the topic would come up I told them: “Tell me as if you are confessing. Consider me your sister, your mother if they were younger than me. Talk to me, so it will become easier for you. Sometimes when you cry it becomes easier.” And some of them told [unclear] one of them told me everything is roughly the same: [Unclear] “one soldier, other held”, “four soldiers [held] by the hands and feet”, “next to him was a machine gun”, “12 people all together.” Many were raped already after. Unfortunately...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4950.0,4990.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e After...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4990.0,4991.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e After events in Nice. Even by Americans, English and Russians. Women told me about it. I think I can believe them. During the war even humans acquire appearance and habit of an animal. I was told that one young French woman—she was deported due to her political views—and when she was liberated, Russians set her free, she was raped by 25 people. [Pause] She was in Toulouse. Later she was sent to the hospital. [Unclear] sent her to the hospital and I was told—I haven’t seen it myself—that she had to have some surgeries, everything had to be cut out. She [unclear] Men too, in general, it’s more difficult with the men. You know how it goes. But what shocked me most was that at the camps there were cases of child births. But if a woman...if children were born Germans would order to strangulate them, of course.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4991.0,5044.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, maybe these children were born from women who got pregnant earlier?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5044.0,5048.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. But for a while they didn’t deport pregnant women. They were hidden...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5048.0,5053.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But they could have not known [unclear]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5053.0,5056.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: No, many women even tried to fake that they are pregnant. [Pause] But there were cases when women who already spent two years in camp gave birth to a child. And this child was immediately murdered. Some of them, very little percentage managed to save their babies. I know one woman who left not pregnant but came back with a child. I couldn’t understand how did she become pregnant in the first place. I simply asked her in the end: “Tell me, please, how if men...male and female camps were places so far from each other how did they manage to get to each other.” She smiled and said: “You know when you love somebody then there are no barriers.” It turned out that she had a man there with whom she came back.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5056.0,5098.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5098.0,5098.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e But I can’t understand until today [unclear]. But others...I...first of all there they...I think that they couldn’t get pregnant just because they immediately...they immediately stopped menstruating.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5098.0,5111.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How...I have heard about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5111.0,5113.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. I’ll tell you now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5113.0,5115.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5115.0,5115.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Even in the camp Gurs when...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5115.0,5117.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What camp?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5117.0,5118.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Gurs. It’s in the south of France, next to the Spanish border. They brought women there—Austrian, German, Polish. Starting from 1939 already.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5118.0,5128.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Non-Jews?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5128.0,5129.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Non-Jews and Jews. It was a general camp although when it was liberated there were some Jew remaining.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5129.0,5134.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5134.0,5134.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: And so first of all women stopped menstruating. I worked then with the OZE as a secretary of ORT [unclear]. And we decided to send them various medicines and of course a big quantity of sanitary [unclear] and cotton wool. And one friend answered: “Don’t send it. I don’t need anything at all, everything is here.” I am afraid that this is some sort of nervous connection or malnutrition. But I was told by a girl who returned from a deportation that when she arrived she was given to drink some white liquid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5134.0,5166.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5166.0,5167.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Another told me that she was given some red liquid to drink. [Pause] And yet another woman said that she was given an injection into the leg.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5167.0,5175.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5175.0,5176.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And the blood would immediately stop.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5176.0,5178.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But it can’t be immediately?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5178.0,5179.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e In other words they didn’t have anything during the month already.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5179.0,5182.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And? Was it a permanent condition?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5182.0,5184.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No. Ahh...almost all of them menstruate again. Some better, others worse but majority...everyone who I asked several months after they returned told me that they became normal women again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5184.0,5196.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In other words...they didn’t have menstruation at camps?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5196.0,5199.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e In none.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5199.0,5200.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Then it may be...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5200.0,5202.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e I believe...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5202.0,5203.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . water, there are hungry...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5203.0,5205.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: From hunger. It can be from hunger, maybe due to these terrible conditions, this cold—everything is possible. That they were given these...ahh...various liquids to drink or injected—I don’t know what it is. One can say...they were simple women [unclear] from a Jewish ghetto. Young [women] who don’t know anything at all in regards to what’s happening to them. I couldn’t get any information [unclear] I managed to talk to some doctors later on and I doubt that any normal reasonable doctor could find out what they were given. I still didn’t know. But in any case they...[unclear] they don’t want to talk. They [unclear]...one student in our school told me. She says: “I still can not understand how I survived though all of it...” She is 19 years old, she has been deported for 6 years. She was in Auschwitz, she was in Mauthausen, she was in [unclear]. In short she went thought the full circle. She is unbelievably [unclear]. She weighs I believe 85kg. And this is absolutely unnatural weight. And she told me: “I can not understand how I survived...after everything that I went through”. I told her: “Tell me, did Germans touch you? Did they do something to you? Because if they raped you I’ll go to the doctor with you, you’ll be cured.” And she says: “I don’t even want to talk about it.” [Unclear] Yes or no? I...if something had happened to her...she doesn’t want to tell me about it, I don’t’ know. [Pause]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5205.0,5301.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell us...tell me about...you were telling about the son of some Zionist who [unclear]. Who is that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5301.0,5310.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e It’s Greenbaum.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5310.0,5311.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Greenbaum. What do you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5311.0,5313.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e I know only what I was told. He was deported as a communist. He always argued with his father about political issues. His father—famous active Zionist. He...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5313.0,5322.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e His father is in Palestine?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5322.0,5324.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e His father is in Palestine. He is in prison, arrested by the English.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5324.0,5327.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5327.0,5327.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And son is here in prison, arrested by the French authorities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5327.0,5329.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. As who?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5329.0,5330.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e As a scumbag as he returned from deportation, was deported. His father was some sort of a boss. When he returned his father was happy. And it happened here in some office I don’t even know exactly which one. But this young man came to his father and the happiness was great. There were two gentlemen who returned from deportation. When they saw the young Greenbaum they attacked him and beat him up as a dog and said that he is a scumbag. It turned out that he was capo. capo—it’s like a manager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5330.0,5356.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, yes. But there were many capos!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5356.0,5358.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e There were many capo. But there were different capo. I heard an interesting story that there were three capos. Dutchman, Frenchman and a Jew. German Jew. And—unfortunately it’s quite awkward for me to talk about it but it’s necessary—and due to some [unclear] a little ring happened to be there. Then all the women of the camp were subjected to the gynecological examination. These three capos conducted the examination.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5358.0,5383.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e These were women-capo?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5383.0,5385.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No, these were three men.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5385.0,5386.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Ah, these three...three men were examining...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5386.0,5388.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . examining women. Arrested women. And French and Belgian didn’t find anything but [the German] Jew pulled out a ring.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5388.0,5394.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5394.0,5395.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Then he was ordered to examine the rest of them. I don’t know whether he pulled out other things as well or not, I wasn’t told about that. And this was observed by a Frenchman who returned. And then [unclear]. He was offered a cigarette, a piece of chocolate. He rose in [unclear]. Belgian was killed. How? Frenchman said [unclear] that there were such scars that it was impossible to look at them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5395.0,5419.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e It was one of these capos?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5419.0,5421.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e One of these capos.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5421.0,5423.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5423.0,5424.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Well. I saw Spanish. A very big number of Spanish socialists was deported. Those who managed to escape the fascists Spain during the war were interned here, in the south of France in various camps. And then they all together were sent [away]. And so one of them—this happened at the train station with...hmm...at the receiving station in Toulouse—he took off his shirt, took off his pants and showed me his body. On his chest there was a scar three fingers wide and one and a half finger deep. Here he was hit by a shovel. On his back there was a hole in which one could place a little finger, it stretched to the ribs. Here he was hit by a pick. He had 12 gunshot wounds, or more—I don’t even know. He didn’t have any live place on his body. And this happened because as a communist he was at a camp where there were prisoners [unclear]—and there he was hit by a shovel, pick, machine gun and anything else you want. He miraculously survived. I was told about a woman who was deported and who survived. She survived in the following way: She was first pushed into a gas chamber, the rest was pushed behind her. She fell down when the gas started. And other dead bodies covered her. And when they started to clean up she was unconscious but alive. This woman is here now. There the most unusual things happened. So I was talk about a woman—she was from Toulouse [unclear]. She was taken away with an 8 month old baby. She came back with the 17 months old baby. How she manages to save him even she doesn’t understand. She kept him in the garbage, under her skirt and she fed him anything you want. She fed him this horrible pardon my language soup. It was water, dishwater with several leaves in it. Some boys told me that one of them and to take care of the dogs. You know there were those special trained dogs. And one of these dogs almost dies of hunger when she ate that soup. He gave her his soup. I talked to a young man. His fake name was Jeber. [Unclear] “I don’t want to [unclear] with the dogs.” “Such a nice little dog.” He said: “I can’t see any dogs.” I asked: “Why?” He said: “After I saw with my own eyes how a dog tore apart two children and you want that I’ll ever again touch a dog?!” I told him: “[Unclear] specially trained dogs!” And he: “It doesn’t matter. However long the dog is trained...” I told him: “So you can’t look at the people as well? [Unclear]” But he said: “People—[unclear].” [Lengthy pause] But those who came back here...I’ll tell you that all of them are mutilated for life. A manager of an orphanage in [unclear] told me that at night they have nightmares.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5424.0,5608.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Children?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5608.0,5609.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Yes, children. They cry, they need to be given bromine, they have such...ahh...rebellious attacks—protest attacks. Suddenly they don’t want to do something. Once I came to the orphanage to ask for a little athletic [unclear]. So I came to them and asked them to do a little performance for our students. I told them: “Gentlemen, on Saturday we have a little concert. You are our dear guests. I would truly appreciate it if you could recite some poem for us, dance for us.” “No, we don’t want to.” “You know that I came here from Paris to ask you about it.” “No, we don’t want to. Not in million years. What is it? What orders? Where are there some orders?” “Please.” I was there with a colleague of mine [unclear]. I told him: “Listen [unclear] maybe you should talk to them, as a brother to a brother.” He went. He said: “Why do you have to [unclear]? She specially came from Paris. [Unclear] Why do you behave like this?” There was a terrible noise. What happened there, I got a feeling that they could kill him. Suddenly in five minutes, out of the blue [unclear] it passed; they approached me, they hugged me, they kissed me. They came on Saturday. We had one of the best evenings in our club. They were amazing: They sang, they danced, they improvised. And everybody was happy—both the performers and...ahh...the audience. So [unclear]. Even now they live in horrible conditions. Jewish organizations do everything they want but unfortunately there is no cleanliness. There is a house here where they live. It is unimaginably dirty. So they told me: “We left one camp for the other.” There were more bedbugs than...hmm...happiness.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5609.0,5726.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where is it? At...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5726.0,5727.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Rue de Rudi [says the name of the street in French]. I shouldn’t tell you because [says with a smile]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5727.0,5730.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, yes. Yes [unclear]. So for example I visited an orphanage here at...it doesn’t matter for you where...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5730.0,5741.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5741.0,5743.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . they live there just as they lived in Buchenwald. Isn’t it possible to get the bed sheets somehow...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5743.0,5752.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e We can’t have bed sheets and I’ll tell you why. Here everything is sold with points. On the black market it’s extremely expensive. We have to pay 3-4 thousand francs for a bed sheet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5752.0,5761.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And...can you order them in the US?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5761.0,5764.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e We’ll have the same bed sheet from the US. What we are sent from the US is a shame!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5764.0,5769.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5769.0,5770.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e We were in line at a committee. We have received...ORT received...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5770.0,5774.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What committee?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5774.0,5775.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Committee [says the name in French]—it’s an international help committee for displaced persons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5775.0,5779.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5779.0,5779.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e We have received two [unclear] of clothing. These were already sorted clothes. I spent one and a half months sorting out these sorted clothes. I was bit by the fleas all over. My colleague refused to help me. She said she couldn’t breathe because of the smell. I covered my nose...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5779.0,5798.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e From the U.S.?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5798.0,5798.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e From the U.S.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5798.0,5799.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: We, for example...when we donate clothes we are told: “Give us everything. All of it will be disinfected, cleaned and so on.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5799.0,5807.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Well. Yes. But those cloths were in such a condition that there were stains: from sweat, from menstruation, from restroom, from whatever you want. All that needed to be [unclear]. Besides [clear] were in the most disgusting way. If I selected 200 dresses from those two [unclear] so it was too much. Clothes...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5807.0,5826.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Women’s clothes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5826.0,5827.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Women’s. There was hardly anything for the men at all. I have to give away half of the things, but why half?! 95% of these clothes I gave to our course of tailors so they could learn how to create pant pockets. Because from all of it...from a pair of pants one managed to get a pocket! This was a mess! And it was collected by all American societies. Gift [unclear] and so on. It would be better if they sent less [unclear] but more clothing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5827.0,5853.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But here there were military cloths? Soldier clothing? Couldn’t you get those?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5853.0,5859.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Ahh...Federation receives several times some clothes that were more or less decent. They say it came from Argentina. Especially they had some good boots. I dressed several of our young people who were absolutely naked in those clothes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5859.0,5871.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What Federation is it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5871.0,5871.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Federation of the Jewish organizations of France.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5871.0,5874.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5874.0,5875.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e It’s performed an amazing job during the occupation. And...then...when deportees returned here—if there were deported from France at the office they would get 8 thousands francs in cash and besides there were given a suite, two changes of underwear and a pair of shoes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5875.0,5893.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Who received these 8 thousands francs—French or everybody...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5893.0,5897.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Only those who were deported from France.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5897.0,5900.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Those received 8 thousands francs and...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5900.0,5902.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e 8 thousands francs in cash,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5902.0,5904.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5904.0,5904.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . a suite, pair of shoes and two changes of underwear.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5904.0,5908.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e 8 thousands francs in cash according to the most official exchange rate—it’s about 70 dollars.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5908.0,5915.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e 70 dollars.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5915.0,5916.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. And a pair of what?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5916.0,5918.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And...a pair of...suite,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5918.0,5922.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5922.0,5922.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . a pair of shoes,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5922.0,5923.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5923.0,5924.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . and two changes of underwear.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5924.0,5926.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. And these were what? New things?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5926.0,5929.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Yes, absolutely new. They received special coupons. They could use them at the stores. I even know of such a case: A woman returned from Ravensbrück...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5929.0,5935.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In other words they didn’t have to pay for those things?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5935.0,5938.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: What do you mean? No, they didn’t pay. They received [unclear] and they had an access to a free medical care for 3 months. They received 15 cans of condensed milk a month, received double...these...[unclear] cards, food cards. They had it good: Instead of 350 grams of bread they had 700 grams.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5938.0,5961.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So it was for those who were deported from France?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5961.0,5964.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Double...double food cards were given to everyone. All received [unclear].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5964.0,5971.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5971.0,5971.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But francs and...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5971.0,5972.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e But francs...money were given only to those who were deported from France.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5972.0,5976.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5976.0,5976.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e They took, of course...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5976.0,5978.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So if...if for example a deportee who was deported from Poland returned...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5978.0,5984.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e He didn’t have it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5984.0,5985.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But didn’t have francs but he received increased food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5985.0,5988.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5988.0,5988.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5988.0,5989.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e But he had to pay for the food he bought.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5989.0,5992.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5992.0,5993.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e But he had a double card.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5993.0,5994.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Double card, yes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5994.0,5996.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Besides from the organization helping the deported they received instead of...hmm...they received a kilogram of sugar, 15 cans of condensed milk, some salad oil, and 500 grams butter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5996.0,6011.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e For free?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6011.0,6011.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e For free. I even went to help a gentleman who couldn’t carry heavy things. I carried all of it to his house—it was a very big and very heavy package.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6011.0,6021.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. It was French government...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6021.0,6023.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e It’s French. It’s ministry of [unclear] that gave them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6023.0,6025.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6025.0,6027.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And as for the living conditions here I can’t blame anybody as the housing crisis was big. Clothing crisis was even bigger. There were very few employment opportunities. And whatever people earned didn’t correspond to the minimum cost of living. So I absolutely can’t blame all the organizations that have so many people on their neck [unclear] that a person need at least 8 thousand francs a month for him to live more or less decent but the organization can give a maximum of 2 thousands—it’s the biggest [unclear]. So do as you please. And not everybody is capable of working. One has to take into the consideration that they came back in a horrible physical condition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6027.0,6075.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Ahh...Fira, tell us, please what do you think will happen with all these people at ORT and all the other organizations—children and such?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6075.0,6088.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: I’ll tell you. ORT—is the only organization that doesn’t raise...these...hmm...beggars. We give them a chance to work and an opportunity to earn. We give them an occupation. I think that this is the most valuable baggage that you can give to a young person. Unfortunately until now very many of them—and the emphasis is on until now because I truly hope that it will change with time—until now they tend to believe that it is not necessary to work. And it’s absolutely normal. These people are thrown off their stride. They were taken away at the age of 14-15 years. They lived in inhuman conditions. They were forced to work. They worked too hard for nothing. And now when they are told: “You have to learn some trade so you can work,” their first reaction is: “What?! Work?! We have worked enough. Others have to work for us now.” But gradually it will get straightened out. We give them everything that we only can. We give them love, care, we give them [unclear]. Our teachers treat each of our student as their own child. We call them our children. We love them, we sincerely love them. We care for them not only from the educational aspect but also from a physical and moral point of view. Children learn to love this home. We create some entertainment for them—we have a club. They go out, they do sports. We teach them to read, we teach them various languages. And slowly these children get pulled into this normal life. I call them all children as I believe that they lost so many years, so much time—they remain at the same level as they were when they left. There is a boy who...or a girl...who was taken away at 14 years of age and who didn’t acquire anything but bad for the last 5 years. Germans did everything they could to destroy in them any human resemblance. And now when we see that children are changing, that they start to love their trade...We have a boy. He constructed a mechanism. It’s...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6088.0,6223.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What mechanism?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6223.0,6224.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e It’s...it’s a radio.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6224.0,6225.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6225.0,6225.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And this mechanism was shown at an exhibition. We couldn’t give it back to him yet. He came and asked for permission to come every Sunday and listen to his radio. And clearly we gave him this permission. Our janitor gave him a key, he entered the radio workshop, he sat down, he closed the windows and listened to his own radio.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6225.0,6247.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: So tell us: Where would these boys want to work in France? How are things with these...work permits for immigrants?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6247.0,6258.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e A work permit is received in the following way. When a foreigner wants to have a job his patron has to give him a certificate that he will employ him on such and such conditions. One goes with this certificate to the Ministry of Labor. The ministry sends a man who makes a report in regards to the...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6258.0,6279.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Research?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6279.0,6280.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Research....truthfulness of the case and in 98% the permit is granted. Now there are special favorable conditions specifically for the displaced persons. The day before yesterday I heard the following news. That France agreed to accept as many foreign displaced persons as were taken from here, 120 thousands people. [Pause]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6280.0,6304.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean? As many people as were taken away?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6304.0,6306.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6306.0,6307.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e This was the number of displaced persons that were taken away?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6307.0,6308.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e As many people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6308.0,6309.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6309.0,6309.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e In other words 90 thousands displaced persons were taken away, and 30 thousands French Jews.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6309.0,6314.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So, 30 thousands. Tell me, how many Jews remain in France?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6314.0,6319.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e 14 thousands if I am not mistaken. I am not quite sure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6319.0,6321.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6321.0,6322.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6322.0,6322.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Tell us, from those Frenchmen who were taken to Germany to work only 120 thousands didn’t come back?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6322.0,6331.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No! They took 120 thousands Jews.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6331.0,6334.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6334.0,6335.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And they took about half a million Frenchmen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6335.0,6337.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6337.0,6337.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And 6 thousands Jews came back. From 6 thousands children taken away only 60 came back, and from 120 thousands adults 6 thousands returned. And Frenchmen were taken to perform forced labor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6337.0,6350.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [Unclear] And French are ready to accept 100 thousands Jews now?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6350.0,6354.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, 120 thousands.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6354.0,6355.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e 120 thousands Jews?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6355.0,6357.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Displaced persons. Jewish displaced persons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6357.0,6359.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e From Jews?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6359.0,6359.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, Jewish displaced persons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6359.0,6360.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6360.0,6361.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e It was told...I hope that this is true. I don’t really know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6361.0,6363.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e This is roughly a number of Jews who are now [unclear] in Palestine?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6363.0,6367.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. I don’t know, I am afraid to talk about it. I was told about it. One of these days I want to visit one...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6367.0,6375.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So is this a rumor?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6375.0,6376.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e It’s not a rumor. This news was given to me by a men who very often provided me with the most accurate information.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6376.0,6382.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6382.0,6383.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e One of these days I want to visit a gentleman from the ministry and I would like to ask him whether it’s true or not. Because it would have been very interesting. ORT would have had a big and interesting work as the majority of them need [unclear, very soft].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6383.0,6400.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So it means they’ll let them in? It’s not the same if it was temporary. They will be allowed to live and to work here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6400.0,6406.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, they’ll be able to live here. Those who would like to emigrate to Palestine or the US—clearly France wouldn’t hinder them if those countries won’t keep them. So. In France they live freely. You can do what you want.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6406.0,6421.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. In other words a person who stays in France temporarily can work here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6421.0,6427.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Now...now if a displaced person—either deported, or the one who remained from Poland or other countries—comes here as a [unclear] to the US, for instance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6427.0,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=0.0,6440.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And he has to wait for 6 months.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6440.0,6442.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6442.0,6443.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e In such a case he’ll apply for a temporary work permit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6443.0,6445.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6445.0,6445.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And he’ll receive it. Yesterday in my office I met a gentleman who wants to learn how to make bags. And to do so he as well needs...because in ORT he has to have a work permit. Because he...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6445.0,6458.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e You mean that while he is studying he needs to have a work permit?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6458.0,6460.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, yes, yes, because he is an adult. And he can’t be mistaken for the apprentice [unclear].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6460.0,6465.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6465.0,6466.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e He has to have a work permit as his employer has to pay him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6466.0,6470.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6470.0,6472.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e So it won’t look like he is using the generosity of the French government.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6472.0,6476.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Aha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6476.0,6476.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e And the employer will give him a certificate that he is learning his trade and receives for it a half payment. And he receives [unclear] a work permit [unclear].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6476.0,6491.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now tell us, please, what [unclear] the union thinks of these displaced persons and help for them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6491.0,6496.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e They support them in any way they can. They try to find for them job, they protect them, they protect their interests. They put a lot of effort just to make sure that those people forget about all the horrors they went through.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6496.0,6511.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What? There is no unemployment in France at this time? These strangers compete with them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6511.0,6518.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e I’ll tell you that there are branches with no vacancies...no unemployment. But there are other...ahh...French in general...such a serious unemployment as you understand it in the US, such an ideal...ideal unemployment—we don’t have it here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6518.0,6536.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Please answer one more question: What is this misunderstanding with the apartments at the moment?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6536.0,6541.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e With apartments...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6541.0,6542.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e With the apartments return to those who were deported?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6542.0,6547.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Pause] This also relates a bit the area of anti-Semitism. Because the apartments that...where Jews used to live who were...or in general Jews who were deported...were taken by someone else while they were away. Now. Unfortunately there has been a law that states: if an apartment is occupied by a Frenchman and the returning person is a foreigner then the foreigner doesn’t have a right to move the Frenchman out—Frenchman is in his own country, but the foreigner is just a guest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6547.0,6579.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e His guest?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6579.0,6580.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e His...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6580.0,6580.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And the French Jews are given back their apartments?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6580.0,6584.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, they are. Much more. Although I have a doctor friend. He is a French Jew. His apartment was occupied. He has been in Switzerland all the time. His apartment was occupied, his apartment is occupied, his apartment will be occupied, and he is living with some lady friend and can’t find anything as one has to pay big money. It’s the after war period [unclear].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6584.0,6609.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean “pay big money?” [Unclear]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6609.0,6611.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6611.0,6613.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e There are no apartments?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6613.0,6614.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e There are no apartments. Many houses are ruined. Very many displaced persons are still outside of France and they can’t come back. [Unclear] a great number of houses is turned over to the military organizations including even yours, American.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6614.0,6628.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So. Well, Ms. Fira Monk, it was a very interesting report and I thinks that after we are done with the transcription...after we...ahh...take it, so to say, apart we’ll have a lot of very...no, not you...a lot of very important material.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6628.0,6649.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6649.0,6650.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] This concludes the interview with Ms. Fira Monk, an executive secretary in the offices of ORT for a number of years...ahh...who passed the whole time of the crisis in France. We are having here a...first-hand information about several situations in France, and to some extent some data from some leads from people who she has interviewed. Paris, September the 7th, 1946. Illinois Institute of Technology wire recording. Thank you very much. [Pause]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6650.0,6692.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6692.0,6694.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now is there anything you want to say in English to the Americans?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6694.0,6697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e I would like only to say that...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6697.0,6699.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e From the people of the ORT?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6699.0,6701.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e From the people of the ORT—a “Hello!”—I don’t know we say it. [unintelligible]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6701.0,6706.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, well. What do you think should the Americans do for the ORT?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6706.0,6711.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e Everything they can. And everything they should. They saw our work here and I hope that they liked it. And I hope they will continue to help us to do a better work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6711.0,6723.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Do a better job?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6723.0,6724.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e A better job, yes. [Unclear] we have too much happening [unclear, very soft voice]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6724.0,6740.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Adopt in what sense?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6740.0,6742.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e To ah...their father and mother to take them home. If they can...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6742.0,6746.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e To take them to America?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6746.0,6747.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFira Monk:\u003c/strong\u003e To take them to America. To take them in their houses. And to give for them a real father and mother. I think it would be best [unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6747.0,6765.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/62818/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e This concludes Spool 114 [incorrect, this is Spool 113]. I am reading in the sign of now [?] by checking the spool in Chicago. October, the 9th, 1950. The spool...this spool was somehow miscataloged and it had the name of Miss Kuechler. We’ll check on the next spool and see whether Miss Kuechler starts on that one. Project MH156, Boder.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6765.0,6781.70919"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Russian and English transcript [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] Paris, Sep...September the 7th, 1946, at the Grand Hotel. The interviewee is Ms. Fira Monk, a secretary in the Paris office of the ORT. Ms. Monk speaks a very satisfactory French and English, but she—her maternal tongue is...is Russian. And we prefer to take the interview in Russian.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=0.422,31.788"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In Russian] Эээ...Фира Яковлевна, скажите-ка ещё раз, как Вас зовут и что Ваше место тут в Париже, и что Вы сейчас делаете?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=31.788,41.216"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Меня зовут Фира Монк. Я работаю в офисе [неразборчиво], делаю приблизительно [неразборчиво] работу. Кроме того, я ещё социальная ассистентка—то, что французы называют ласистен сосиаль [говорит по-французски]. Я делаю...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=41.216,53.939"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: То, что мы по-английски называем social worker.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=53.939,56.331"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да, это так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=56.331,57.217"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=57.217,57.53"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я говорю [неразборчиво] с людьми, которые к нам записываются и которые не работают в нашей школе. Для этого у нас есть другая ассистентка. [Неразборчиво, помехи] детей, которых мы помещаем в частные [неразборчиво, помехи]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=57.53,73.012"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Вы говорите «детей». Какого возраста эти дети?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=73.012,78.163"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Мы называем детьми всех, которые к нам приходят—до 22 лет.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=78.163,83.085"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А фактически, с какого возраста Вы их имеете?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=83.085,86.199"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Мы их имеем от 14 лет. Это дети, которые закончили своё первоначальное образование, или которые [неразборчиво, сильные помехи].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=86.199,95.718"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. ОРТ имеет, значит, двоякую работу: или обучение в собственных мастерских, или так сказать,...или помещение во выучку частными, значит, ремесленниками.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=95.718,109.375"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да. У нас теперь очень большой запрос на различные ремёсла, которые мы, к сожалению, не можем сами [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=109.375,117.068"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Т.е. запросы с чьей стороны?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=117.068,118.978"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Со стороны молодёжи.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=118.978,120.255"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=120.255,120.707"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Или от взрослых людей, которые хотят реквалифицироваться. Которые хотят получить какое-нибудь профессиональное образование—это врачи, адвокаты и различные люди, которые были депортированы или которые...или беженцы вообще.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=120.707,134.936"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И они что, значит, хотят реквалифицироваться? Вместо врачей они хотят...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=134.936,138.713"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Во Франции, как вообще, кажется, [неразборчиво] за границей, человек с иностранным дипломом не может практиковать. Здесь врач или юрист с иностранным дипломом—немецким, русским, чешским—должен сделать [неразборчиво, очень тихо], должен пойти в [неразборчиво] и должен получить...сделать [неразборчиво]. И тогда только, если ему повезёт, он получает статус на работу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=138.713,163.303"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=163.303,164.84"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] The recording is not very efficient. We are now changing a little bit our arrangement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=164.84,172.051"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In Russian] Теперь скажите мне вот что: как давно Вы во Франции?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=172.051,176.069"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я во Франции с 1926 года. Но мы приехали из России в конце 21-го года, провели какое-то время в Австрии, где я окончила гимназию, и потом моя мать была переведена в Париж на работу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=176.069,192.033"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Угу. Что значит «переведена»?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=192.033,193.22"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Она работала...она заведовала фабрикой принадлежностей для пишущих машин в Вене. Эта фабрика была закрыта, её патрон переехал в Париж,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=193.22,198.383"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=198.383,199.028"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: . . . и в благодарность за ту работу, которую моя мать сделала безвозмездно, он её пере...перевёл в Париж, и когда я сделала все свои нужные экзамены, я приехала сюда тоже.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=199.028,211.179"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Зачем мама делала работу безвозмездно [неразборчиво]?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=211.179,214.354"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Моя мать—старая идеалистка и старая социалистка. Её шеф не имел денег ей платить, она даже зашила карманы [говорит со смехом].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=214.354,223.944"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Угу. [Пауза] Хорошо. Теперь скажите нам...скажите, что...где Вы были, и что произошло с Вами, и с ОРТом, когда началась война.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=223.944,237.468"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Мы были в стадии, уже во время начала войны. 9 сентября 39-го года мы переехали всем бюро в Виши. Там мы были до января 40-го года, всё время так называемой «крё де гер» [говорит по-французски]—это была война без пушечного выстрела, когда солдаты сидели в окопах и вообще не знали, зачем они там сидят. В январе мы переехали обратно в Париж, было спокойно. Мы жили там до 7 июня, 40-го года. 7 июня нам предложили всем уехать...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=237.468,272.974"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Кто вам предложил?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=272.974,274.221"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Неразборчиво] У нас...эээ...мы получили известие, что немцы уже приближаются к Парижу, что Париж скоро будет взят. Нам даже было очень трудно верить, лично мне! Я не хотела верить. Я спорила со своими старшими коллегами, не хотела ни за что уезжать. Но они настаивали, и на следующий день я поняла, что правы были они. Потому что друзья мои и другие мои коллеги, уехавшие на два-три дня позже, уже имели страшные неприятности: они должны были перепрыгивать через стены лионского вокзала, для того чтобы попасть на поезд. Другие ездили 10 дней автомобилем под обстрелом этой...ммм...авиации и пулемётов, и вообще [неразборчиво]. Мы переехали в Виши, и мы там жили...покуда приехали немцы.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=274.221,318.848"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Т.е. как? Вы были, значит, в Виши, когда в Виши был Петен?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=318.848,325.12"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: А! Мы были в Виши до Петена. Петен за нами последовал. Он, очевидно, не мог без нас жить. Петен...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=325.12,331.079"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=331.079,331.501"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Петен приехал в...после перемирия.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=331.501,335.795"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=335.795,336.108"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Он ещё свою речь—я не помню уже точно, где он держал свою речь, кажется, это не было в Виши,—но мы его речь слушали, обливаясь горючими слезами. Мы знали тогда, что начинается такая, не совсем приятная, полоса нашей жизни. И мы жили в Виши до конца 40-го года, когда нас очень вежливо, но довольно настойчиво, попросили убраться восвояси.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=336.108,358.891"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Т.е.?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=358.891,359.554"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Т.е. нам сказали, что еврейской организации не место рядом с Лавалем.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=359.554,364.205"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=364.205,364.97"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И...но я Лаваля очень часть встречала на улице. Вид у него был довольно несимпатичный. Он был похож на плохого метрдотеля из плохого кафе. И мы переехали в Марсель. Нашли там очень хорошее помещение, и мы там жили.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=364.97,379.428"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Скажите, между прочим,...скажите между прочим, кто был с Вами с Вашей семьи?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=379.428,386.458"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: В моей семье тогда были: моя мать, мой приёмный ребёнок, моя бабушка,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=386.458,391.922"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=391.922,392.747"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: . . . Филипп, моя бабушка, моя тётя, две сестры моей матери, и её шурин—это самая семья.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=392.747,401.181"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Эээ...кто Ваш приёмный ребёнок?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=401.181,404.042"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Мой приёмный ребёнок—очаровательный испанчонок. Мы его взяли ещё в 37-ом году во время испанской войны. Взяли мы его на три недели, но мы к нему так привязались, что вообще не может быть никакой речи о том, чтобы мы отдали ребёнка.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=404.042,417.89"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Скажите, а кто его привёз к Вам?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=417.89,419.728"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Привё...эээ...это было так: когда началась испанская война, моя мать внесла своим товарищам по партии предложение, чтоб привезли в Париж, не только в провинции, испанских детей, которых спасали партии от бомбардировок.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=419.728,435.162"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это что? Какая партия? Социал...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=435.162,437.162"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Социал-демократическая, конечно.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=437.162,438.578"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Французская?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=438.578,439.644"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Французская, да. Но она была в партии и в Австрии, и в...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=439.644,442.867"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . во Франции?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=442.867,443.861"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да. И ещё в России она была в партии!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=443.861,446.09"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, да. [Пауза] И вот?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=446.09,448.65"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ну, значит, мы тогда приняли ребёнка на несколько недель. Мы к нему очень привязались, этот ребёнок теперь наш. Им будет заниматься и мама, и я—старшая сестра, не смотря на маленькую разницу лет—ему теперь 14. Он очень способный, он очень красивый. Он очень к нам привязан.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=448.65,463.732"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. А вся его беда в общем, и что известно о его родителях?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=463.732,468.292"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Его родители живы.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=468.292,469.798"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=469.798,470.069"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: У них там ещё трое детей. Один во Франции, в семье одной английской барышни находится его старший брат—он на три года старше его. Семья очень разорена во время войны, его отец потерял правую руку. Он был электротехником, имел свой большой гараж. Мать—...ммм...учительница в детском саду. И очевидно, она не может работать. Старшая девочка ходит на фабрику, второй мальчик пасёт коров. И отец написал, что...зная, что мы можем дать ребёнку лучшее воспитание, образование, чем он, разорённые этими фашистами, и он просит нас держать ребёнка до совершеннолетия.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=470.069,503.042"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А где отец?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=503.042,504.078"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Отец находится в Испании—не то в Бильбао, не то в каком-то другом городе.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=504.078,507.271"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Он в войну [неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=507.271,508.187"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да, да. [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=508.187,508.801"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Он не уезжал?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=508.801,509.765"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет, нет, он не уезжал. Он [неразборчиво] боролся на стороне Красной Армии.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=509.765,513.801"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. [Пауза] Теперь скажите: значит, вы все переехали из Виши куда?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=513.801,519.675"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Мы значит...моя мать и Филипп—мы переехали в Марсель. А моя бабушка, две сестры и шурин моей матери переехали в Ниццу. Они там жили. Это была так называемая свободная зона. В 42-ом году, когда мы были ещё в Марселе, была довольно спокойная жизнь, хорошая работа. ОРТ открыл там очень красивую большую школу. Мы надеялись, что всё-таки как-нибудь мы это всё проделаем, начались депортации.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=519.675,546.822"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Из свободной зоны?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=546.822,548.671"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Из свободной зоны.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=548.671,550.388"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Значит, я хочу это установить. Депортации евреев или [неразборчиво] не евреев?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=550.388,557.045"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет, неевреев брали по политическому признаку.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=557.045,559.406"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так вот, депортация евреев началась из неокупаемой зоны...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=559.406,565.551"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: . . . в 42-ом году,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=565.551,567.027"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Т.е. прежде...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=567.027,567.37"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: . . . в августе 1942...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=567.37,569.178"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Да, да, да, в 42-ом году. Когда же немцы заняли всю Францию? Они её заняли...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=569.178,575.395"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: В ноябре.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=575.395,575.738"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: -...как только Америка вступила в войну?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=575.738,578.028"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Немцы заняли всю Францию в 1942 году в ноябре.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=578.028,582.257"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Не в 41-ом году?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=582.257,583.624"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет, они заняли...в 40-ом году они заняли северную часть. В Виши, в Мулене была демаркационная линия, за которой кончалась их власть. А начиная от Мулена до юга Франции—это была свободная зона, где у нас было французское правительство.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=583.624,599.167"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Хорошо. Значит, депортации начались после того, как американский посол уехал из Виши?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=599.167,604.992"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Амер...я не помню, когда уехал посол...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=604.992,606.98"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Мы начали...вступили в войну с Перл-Харбор в 42-ом году, в 41-ом году.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=606.98,612.191"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: В 41-ом. А это было после того, что он уехал.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=612.191,615.504"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Значит, это было уже после того, как он уехал, и американского консульства...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=615.504,621.257"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: . . . уже не было.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=621.257,621.528"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . уже не было.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=621.528,621.98"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет, уже не было. Но, тем не менее, американские, английские евреи, турецкие евреи, венгерские и румынские были под защитой—их не депортировали. Их только гораздо позже депортировали с севера Франции, с Парижа.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=621.98,636.481"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Ну, а Ваш лично [неразборчиво] депортации?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=636.481,641.975"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: В начале августа 42-го года—я как раз тогда была больна и лежала в постели—из марсельской префектуры пришёл ко мне человек, который сказал мне: «Мадам Монк, будьте добры, предупредите всех ваших знакомых, которых Вы только знаете, которых Вы не знаете о том, что на днях, во вторник»,—я не помню числа—«начнутся общие меры против евреев. Будьте осторожны. Пусть все прячутся, кто может и куда может».","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=641.975,667.646"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=667.646,668.2"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я сейчас же послала мою мать в контору предупредить собратьев. Наши были немножко удивлены, направили человека, разузнали и действительно узнали, что это так. А вначале мы даже думали, что это какой- то слух: что это за...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=668.2,681.634"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А кто, Вы говорите, «наши»?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=681.634,683.001"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Наши—это ОРТ, это моя вторая семья.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=683.001,686.285"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=686.285,686.96"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Кашляет] И мы разослали гонца во все стороны Марселя, предупредили людей, кого могли. Но, к сожалению, очень многие из наших друзей попались, потому что они были в лагере под Марселем [неразборчиво, по-французски]. И это была мышеловка: там захлопнулась дверь, и от...оттуда уже никто не мог...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=686.96,704.141"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Т.е., каким образом они были в лагере?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=704.141,705.93"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: В лагерь сажали всех австрийских, немецких евреев, вообще всех евреев враждующих стран. И они там сидели в страшных условиях, в грязи, без воды и отвратительно питались. ОРТ и ОЗЕ делали для них всё, что могли.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=705.93,721.683"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: ОЗЕ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=721.683,722.165"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: ОЗЕ.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=722.165,723.611"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это общество о...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=723.611,724.738"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: . . . о здравоохранении евреев.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=724.738,726.437"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=726.437,728.136"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Мы работали тогда очень тесно связанными. И мы делали всё, что мы могли. Офис был [неразборчиво] на работы. Чтоб они не сидели просто без работы, ведь это страшно на них действовало с точки зрения моральности.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=728.136,742.395"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И вот, Вы предупредили своих знакомых, и что случилось тогда?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=742.395,747.485"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И тогда случилось просто, что ночью началась облава. Это было не во вторник, как нам сказал наш префектурный друг, а это случилось в четверг ночью. Окружили немцы несколько кварталов. Это была французская жандармерия и французская гард-мобиль. Они приходили за людьми и говорили: «Соберите столько вещей, сколько вы можете взять с собой—вы арестованы,—носить с собой,—вы арестованы». Были страшные сцены: люди выбрасывались из окон, кончали с собой. Но французская полиция была на высоте—она очень часто в случаях, где она могла, она предупреждала людей заранее, или она даже...я знаю лично случай, когда пришёл французский жандарм в сопровождении своего коллеги к одной женщине и сказал ей: «Я приду через 15 минут». Эта женщина не поняла. Она собрала все свои вещи и мирно села на стуле ждать. Когда через 15 минут вернулся этот же самый городовой, он ей сказал: «Позвольте, я ж Вам сказал, что буду обратно через пятнадцать [говорит медленно] минут». Тогда эта женщина поняла. И она сказала: «Я ещё не совсем готова. Я Вас прошу, придите через 10 минут». И [неразборчиво] 10 минут и ушла, больше не было. Но люди не знали. Мы вообще не верили во всё это. Мы думали, что людей будут ссылать на работы, но не думали, что их посадят в гетто. И когда была забрана моя семья—я, правда, перевернула небо и землю, я ничего не могла сделать, никто не мог ничего сделать. Мы не верили в то, что нам говорила английская пропаганда по радио. Мы не верили в то, что нам потом писали оттуда. Мы думали, что это всё пропаганда.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=747.485,847.94"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Скажите-ка, кого из Вашей семьи взяли? И как это случилось?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=847.94,853.181"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Это случилось как раз таки потому, что мой дядя очень верил во...эээ...французскую систему, во французскую честность, если Вы хотите. Он приехал сюда иностранцем, значит, в 39-ом году и...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=853.181,865.815"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Откуда?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=865.815,866.279"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Из Вены. Он там имел очень большой магазин, даже фабрику, мужского платья. Был состоятельный человек. И очень умный человек. Хотела Вам это подчеркнуть, чтобы Вы поняли будущее. Но ввиду того, что он был очень честный человек, он никогда не мог понять несправедливость человеческую, грязь человеческую. И когда...он должен был продлевать свою карт де ла сите—ресиписе каждые три месяца. Его ресиписе закончилось 31 августа, 1942 года.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=866.279,895.366"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Что закончилось?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=895.366,896.631"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ресиписе—это бумага, которая заменяет...ммм...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=896.631,899.372"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . паспорт.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=899.372,899.884"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: . . . французский паспорт. Право жительства","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=899.884,902.083"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=902.083,902.517"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я писала им: «Господа, я предупреждена тем-то и тем-то человеком, что произойдёт то-то и то-то. Будьте осторожны. Мальвиночка»,—это сестра моей матери,—«больна. У неё жёлчный камень. Ей необходимо пойти в санаторий». Санаторием мы называли место скрытия. Он не верил. Приходили мои друзья к нему в Ниццу и говорили: «[неразборчиво] не идите, опасно. Вы попадётесь». Он не поверил. Он взял мою бабушку—за бумагами ей 80 лет, в самом деле, ей теперь только 76, и эту бедную мою вторую тётю—она была парализована, когда ей было 8 лет после дифтерита. Он с ними вместе пошёл. Они стояли в очереди два часа. Это только так кажется, что он был единственный такой доверчивый человек. Через два часа их всех...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=902.517,947.056"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Какой человек?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=947.056,947.93"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Он не был единственный! Никто не мог себе представить, что французская полиция будет так действовать. Через два часа их арестовали. Бабушку моментально освободили. А мою бедную парализованную тётю, и мою здоровую тётю, Мальвиночку, жену его, сейчас же арестовали. Они ещё через два часа вернулись в сопровождении двух французских полицейских, и она тогда сказала: «Мамочка, всё кончено». Их посадили в казарму, в Ницце. Они...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=947.93,972.514"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А дядю Вашего?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=972.514,973.328"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Тоже. Он тогда ещё был с ними. Они были в Ницце, потом их перевели в лагерь на юге Франции, возле испанской границы Ривсант? [название по-французски]. [Пауза] Солёная река—очевидно, она солена от еврейских слёз.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=973.328,981.985"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=981.985,982.389"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И они там сидели ещё несколько дней. Мы старались всячески...Тогда там был Канарский, Яков Александрович. Он старался всячески! Я ему телеграфировала. Мы старались выдать ему удостоверение [неразборчиво], который тогда входил в ОРТ. Что я раб...что я секретарша общества, что они мои родные, что нужно их спасти—это всё ничего не помогло. Дядю по возрасту—ему был 61 год, и тогда ещё брали людей только до 60 лет. Здоров он, нездоров—это не играло никакой роли. Были определённые категории, которых не брали. Например, люди с детьми французскоподанными, или же которые...эээ...имели какие-нибудь заслуги на прошлой войны...войне, эти...ммм...добровольцы, и люди после 60 лет. Тогда мой дядя написал письмо. Нам. И писал нам, что не знает, что ему делать: делать ему голосу разума или сердца. Мы ему ответили, чтоб он поступил так, как он понял.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=982.389,1043.703"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Что он подразумевал под этим—«голос разума»?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1043.703,1046.715"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Голос разума—это значит выйти, пойти на свободу, голос сердца...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1046.715,1049.727"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А ему можно было выйти?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1049.727,1050.691"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Он мог же! Я же Вам говорю: ему был 61 год, и он имел право выйти, он был свободен. Он не подвергался тогда депортации, в тот момент.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1050.691,1057.98"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1057.98,1058.522"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Тогда это всё изменилось, брали 95-летних людей тоже.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1058.522,1061.212"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1061.212,1061.514"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Он мог даже посещать синагогу. Он был очень набожный человек. Он пошёл, и раввин ему сказал: «Делай как хочешь. Я тебе не судья». И он понял, что должен пойти за той женщиной, с которой он провёл всю свою жизнь...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1061.514,1073.213"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . пойти за своей женой?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1073.213,1074.641"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: За своей женой, да. [Смеётся] он её обожал, он за ней ухаживал 7 лет, как Яков ухаживал за Рахилью. Он считал её своей...частью своего тела, своей души, и он понял, что всё равно он не мог бы жить без неё.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1074.641,1090.466"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1090.466,1091.46"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И вот они...их увезли в неизвестном направлении. Я поставила на всём пути...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1091.46,1097.304"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: В неизвестном?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1097.304,1097.768"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: В неизвестном направлении. Я поставила на всём пути ассистентов [неразборчиво], которые им давали еду, пищу, и мы ещё получили несколько писем.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1097.768,1106.485"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Но...но как далеко Вы получали?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1106.485,1108.365"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Мы получали письма до Брива.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1108.365,1111.028"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это где?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1111.028,1112.094"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Брив—это в центре Франции.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1112.094,1113.42"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1113.42,1113.733"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Неразборчиво] и тётя моя писала: «Я счастлива, что я уезжаю. Мы катимся. Куда—я не знаю, но мы выживем. И Бог будет сильнее смерти». Оказалось, что в данном случае смерть была гораздо сильнее любви. И если бы мы верили, потом я написала письмо в Париж, в Центральный еврейский комитет, чтобы узнать, куда они делись, что с ними стало. Получила ответ, что 17-го сентября 42-го года их увезли в неизвестном направлении.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1113.733,1143.927"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Были они в Дранси?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1143.927,1145.584"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Они были в Дранси, но они, к сожалению, были всего один день. Даже не целый день—их сейчас же увезли. Я думаю, что они сейчас же были ликвидированы, потому что моя тетя была больная женщина. Маленькая...я думаю, я надеюсь, я верю в это, что погибла, наверно, по дороге, потому что она не могла перенести этой поездки, в этом скотском вагоне, без воды и стоявши посередине. Ну, а мой дядя, Вы ж понимаете, что долго он тоже не протянул. Человек—62 года, в больными желудками, и вообще как все.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1145.584,1173.59"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Вы не знаете, куда они попали? Никаких сведений...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1173.59,1177.729"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Никаких решительно. Я потом работала для Министерства депортированных и военнопленных. И все бумаги, которые заполняла, все запросы, которые я сделала, остались без всякого результата. Боялись ли они рисковать, я не знаю. Я думаю, что они просто не знали. Потому что я как-то получила сведения, что один конвой 42-го года при [неразборчиво] был целиком уничтожен. И я хочу надеяться, что они попали именно в этот конвой. Потому что, мне, как ни странно, гораздо приятнее мысль о том, что они погибли сейчас же, что их сейчас же убили, чем мысль о том, что они там промучились несколько лет или несколько месяцев—в этих диких условиях, и только потом нашли бы смерть. [Пауза]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1177.729,1223.476"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Ну, вернёмся теперь обратно. Значит, где Вы были со своей матерью, со своим приёмным...ммм...братом или сыном, и...что там происходило?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1223.476,1235.687"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Значит так: когда мы приехали в Марсель—это было в ноябре 41-го года—вместо очаровательного южного солнца мы застали глубокую сибирскую зиму. Конечно, о том, чтобы топили—об этом не могло быть и речи. Это был каменный дом, в котором мы мёрзли. Но потом настала весна, и у нас, как я Вам говорила, была надежда на то, что мы сможем хорошо работать. И мы уже...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1235.687,1258.259"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1258.259,1258.621"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да, конечно была. И мы там работали [пауза], открыли школу, как я Вам сказала, и ребёнок ходил в школу, он посещал детей. [Пауза] Ну,...а потом, в ноябре 42-го года пришла...эээ...пришли немцы в Марсель. И это было очень неприятно, потому что когда мы услышали немецкие сапоги по марсельским мостовым, нам стало кисло. А, да! Нет, была ещё одна, знаете ли, вещь: когда немцы начали войну с Россией, все русские были арестованы, и это было очень забавно. Я, значит, сидела в бюро. Вдруг телефонный звонок, и мне говорят: «Придите моментально домой». В чём дело, мне не говорят. «Придите, мол, моментально». Ну, я мчусь домой, конечно, пешком, потому что тогда не было никакого другого способа сообщения, трамваи были переполнены, все месили [неразборчиво] ногами. Прихожу домой, спрашиваю хозяина, в чём дело. Он мне говорит: «Нет, ничего, ничего. Ваша мать жива». Я решила, что моя мать выскочила из этого...из окна. Прихожу...с трудом до...дотянула до третьего этажа, выходит какой-то господин. Я спрашиваю: «Что с моей матерью?» Он говорит: «Она жива». Ну, я поняла, что это несчастье. Вхожу, вижу полнейший беспорядок: шкафы раскрыты, ящики выдвинуты, чемоданы распотрошены. Мама стоит в окружении каких-то типов, и они говорят: «Мадам, Вы арестованы». Я говорю: «За что?» Они говорят: «Политическое дело». Когда они сказали «политическое дело», у меня немножечко потемнело в глазах, потому что при мне были письма от разных социалистических друзей, сидевших тогда в тюрьме. И вот я сказала, конечно, что я политическим не занимаюсь. И нас всё-таки на этом попросили, чтоб мы взяли с собой вещей на несколько дней и еды. «Что делать с ребёнком?» Они говорят: «Берите ребёнка с собой». Ну, хорошо. Они нас повезли, правда, очень мило, сами заплатили за свои билеты на трамвай. Вот мы приехали в [говорит по-французски].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1258.621,1374.762"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А кто это они?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1374.762,1376.118"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ммм...эти вот сыщики.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1376.118,1377.877"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Заплатили за Ваши билеты?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1377.877,1378.871"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: За свои, свои. Мы заплатили за свои, а они платили за свои. Они как сыщики и не имеют право разъезжать бесплатно. Очевидно, хотели, чтобы мы не заметили...чтобы не было заметно, что мы арестованы. И нас привели в [по-французски]. Когда мы пришли в [по-французски], мы увидели там бездонное количество русских, и мы сразу поняли, что нас арестовали как русских. Потом был допрос, причём французы вели себя опять-таки удивительно корректно. [Пауза] Но пов...повели на какой-то пароход, где должен был быть допрос. И люди, которые...которых они считали...ммм...немножко подозрительными с точки зрения политической, были отправлены в лагерь. Но моё счастье было то, что я работала в ОРТе. Значит, у меня уже было...был...такая каменная стена за спиной. Они нас отпустили через 48 часов после [неразборчиво] допроса, который длился три четверти часа...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1378.871,1431.277"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: На пароходе?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1431.277,1431.861"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: На пароходе....в котором принимал участие немец, итальянец, француз. Каждый ставил со своей стороны вопросы. В конце нужно было ответить более менее умеренно, уверенно и не вдаваясь в слишком большие подробности. После того нас отпустили. Это было в июне 41-го года. А в 42-ом году в ноябре, когда немцы пришли в Марсель, нам [неразборчиво] сказали: «Господа, постарайтесь отсюда уехать». И тогда встал вопрос—куда ехать? Что ехать? Зачем ехать? Если мы дальше поедем, что это будет? Какие будут результаты? Немцы могут дальше прийти. Потом мы узнали, что немцы берут определённые города по определённой линии, а что остальная часть Франции будет в итальянском ведении. И мы по совету друзей переехали в Вуарон. Это маленький городок недалеко от Гренобля, 26км. [Пауза]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1431.861,1494.058"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Гренобль на французской стороне?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1494.058,1496.769"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ну, конечно он на французской стороне. Он ещё...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1496.769,1499.42"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Извините мою географию.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1499.42,1500.456"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Смеётся]...он ещё в 200, кажется, км от Женевы.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1500.456,1504.824"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/846","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1504.824,1505.951"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/847","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Это очаровательный город. Ну, наш город—он тоже очень милый городок. Правда, когда мы туда переехали, там было очень большое количество милиционеров. Милиция французская—это равняется немецким СС. Они себя тоже вели довольно...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1505.951,1520.361"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/848","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: СС или гестапо?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1520.361,1522.421"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/849","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Пауза] Я Вам скажу, большой разницы между этими двумя учреждениями нет.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1522.421,1526.036"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1526.036,1526.56"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И те убивали, и те убивали, так что...эээ...какое имя хочешь дай.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1526.56,1531.289"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Угу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1531.289,1531.62"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Это совершенно безразлично. Короче, мы там открыли наше бюро, работали. Мы открыли в Гренобле школу—женскую школу шитья, которую я...туда ехала, значит, следить за тем, чтобы всё было в порядке. И до сентября 43-го года мы жили действительно как [пауза] у Христа за пазухой: спокойно, тихо, никто нас не трогал. Мы были...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1531.62,1555.221"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/854","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А где в этот момент был Френкель?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1555.221,1556.727"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/855","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: А Френкель всё время был с нами. Ростиславский? тогда уехал в Швейцарию. Он уехал в январе 43-го года, потому что его пребывание здесь считалось слишком рискованным. И затем мы узнали, что он сделал больше, находясь в Швейцарии, с точки зрения финансовой, и пропагандической [неразборчиво]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1556.727,1574.649"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/856","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ростиславич? был во Франции?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1574.649,1576.378"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/857","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Всегда. Он был во Франции.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1576.378,1578.529"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/858","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1578.529,1579.083"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/859","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Он был...ммм...с 33-го года. С 33-го года он был во Франции.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1579.083,1585.288"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/860","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1585.288,1586.101"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/861","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И в 43-ем году он уехал в Женеву, а Френкель остался здесь. И, значит, Френкель являлся тогда, естественно, заведующим ОРТа.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1586.101,1594.324"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/862","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1594.324,1595.529"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/863","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да, и вообще довёл себя до того, что—я Вам должна сказать, что я ничего подобного не видела,—пожил...он сначала хотел...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1595.529,1603.207"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/864","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: В каком смысле?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1603.207,1604.394"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/865","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ну, в смысле героическом!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1604.394,1606.454"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/866","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1606.454,1606.876"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/867","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Он никогда—Вы ведь знаете, что там ведь бывали моменты, когда приходили к нам люди из Резистанс и говорили: «Господа, вы должны уйти, вы должны спрятаться»,—Френкель никогда не уходил на свою нелегальную квартиру до тех пор, пока не был уверен, что все сотрудники уже на месте, спрятались. Тогда только он брал свою котомочку и уходил с женой. Правда также в том, что мы все прятались в том же городе, у разных французов, которые к нам совершенно изумительно относились. Они были...не так были в силе семитически настроены, как они были антинацистами. Они считали, что они французы, и немцы ничего не должны делать в их стране. Кроме того, Изер—департамент, в котором мы были, был известен как один из самых главных по Резистанс. Там был [неразборчиво], который сделал чудеса. Это...Вуарон...мы ведь видели с большой дороги, и там происходили отчаянные бор...бои. Шестер был сам в Вергове. [Нерзборчиво], наш адвокат. Он был в Вергове...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1606.876,1669.245"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/868","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Кто?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1669.245,1669.757"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/869","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Шестер, Яков Михайлович.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1669.757,1671.866"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/870","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1671.866,1672.45"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/871","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Он пошёл на Верков и предложил свои услуги...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1672.45,1675.462"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/872","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это какой город?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1675.462,1676.938"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/873","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Вер-ков.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1676.938,1677.902"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/874","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Вергов.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1677.902,1678.595"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/875","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1678.595,1678.908"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/876","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In German] Was ist das?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1678.908,1679.45"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/877","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [In Russian] Это город [технические помехи]. И там были очень большие бои. И Шестер туда пошёл со своей женой, его сын был в армии Резистанс, в маки. И Шестер предложил свои услуги. Я помню, что в 1904? году он был полковником армии. И вот ему сказали [неразборчиво]: «Милый друг, мы Вам очень благодарны за то, что Вы предлагаете свои услуги, но пушки, которыми Вы стреляли во время той войны, уже давно заржавели. У нас совершенно другие орудия». И он тоже совершил бесшумную доставку, благодаря тому, что он не был евреем, и его жена христианка. И благодаря ещё тому, что их арестовали не [неразборчиво, очень тихо]. Их держали в течение двух часов с поднятыми руками наверх, чтоб они сказали, что они евреи. Конечно, они стали всё отрицать, и тогда их отпустили. И тогда Шестер спустился вниз, с этой горы и попал к нам в Вуарон, мы его не узнали—он постарел на 10 лет. [Пауза] Ну, значит, всё время мы работали. Всё было чинно, мирно. Все наши отделения работали на юге Франции, наши фирмы. У нас даже шёл разговор о том, что ОРТ сделает недоделанную работу на 7 лет. Мы делали фальшивые бумаги, мы прятали детей, и делали всё, что нужно было. И 8 сентября 43-го года я приезжаю в Гренобль и вижу, вдруг эти бедные итальянцы ведутся стадом—мы ещё ничего не знали,—ведутся стадом под руководством каких-то молодых немцев. Я спросила у первого встречного, в чём дело. Он сказал: «Мадам, Вы что, не знаете? Вчера было объявлено перемирие между Германией и Италией. И вот наши [неразборчиво]». И тогда я поняла, что...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1679.45,1784.928"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/878","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Эти колонны гнали [неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1784.928,1787.639"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/879","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Это оккупационные власти.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1787.639,1788.483"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/880","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1788.483,1789.73"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/881","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет! Это оккупационные власти. Они совершенно...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1789.73,1791.76"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/882","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это итальянцы, которые составляли оккупационные власти и которые...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1791.76,1796.489"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/883","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1796.489,1796.941"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/884","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . к вам хорошо относились.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1796.941,1797.977"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/885","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Идеально. Они вообще нас не видели. Они на нас не обращали внимания, это были самые лучшие года.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1797.977,1804.724"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/886","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. И вот их, значит, арестовывали...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1804.724,1807.104"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/887","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И их арестовывали, они ходили без поясов и этих шляп с пёрышками, ходили в довольно таком растрёпанном виде по городу, и немцы сейчас же их забирали. Первое, что они сделали—это они сделали облавы. И когда вечером я спросила...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1807.104,1821.152"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/888","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Облавы на кого?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1821.152,1822.628"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/889","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: На всех: на евреев, на резистанцев, французов—кто попадался в руки. Когда я приехала в школу, я спрашиваю моих учениц, я им говорю: «Господа, что делать? Хотите ли вы продолжать работать или нет?» Они говорят: «Да, будьте спокойны, мы хотим продолжать». И мы работали так до 12 сентября. 12 сентября—это было уже немножко рискованно, потому что облавы были...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1822.628,1843.237"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/890","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это какого года?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1843.237,1844.213"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/891","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: 43-го года.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1844.213,1845.309"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/892","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1845.309,1845.731"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/893","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Облавы были за облавами. И было просто рискованно ехать. Я лично три раза не могла [неразборчиво], потому что я боюсь.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1845.731,1855.129"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/894","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1855.129,1855.653"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/895","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: В первый раз я им проплакала песню о том, что у меня грудной ребёнок лежит в Вуароне, и если я не приеду, то он умрёт с голоду. Во второй раз я вообще так промелькнула тёмной птичкой, а в третий раз я подошла к французу и сказала: «Слушай, если ты меня не пропустишь, так знай, что я погибну». Вообщем, я доверялась своему французскому духу. Он на меня посмотрел, очевидно, понял, что тут...неспроста я его так прошу. Он мне говорит: «Подойдите к третьему от меня налево и потом поверните направо». Я так и сделала. И я приехала домой.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1855.653,1892.887"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/896","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Третьему кто?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1892.887,1893.851"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/897","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Третьему городовому.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1893.851,1895.218"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/898","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1895.218,1895.64"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/899","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И третьему городовому я сказала просто: «[неразборчиво]». И он на меня посмотрел [говорит по-французски]. И я проскочила. Но, конечно, это всё были чудеса.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1895.64,1904.074"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/900","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Переведите это на русский язык.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1904.074,1905.682"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/901","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Неразборчиво] я, значит, сказала: «Пропустите меня», а он говорит: «Я Вас не вижу».","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1905.682,1909.779"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/902","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1909.779,1910.634"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/903","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я пошла. Ну, а потом уже, значит, уже было плохо, и всё-таки через Вуарон только проезжали немецкие автомобили Вермахта с немецкими солдатами, и вся наша полиция была разоружена. Но всё-таки...эээ...в начале жандармерия...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1910.634,1929.128"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/904","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Т.е. она была [неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1929.128,1931.598"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/905","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [неразборчиво], да. Они все проводили подпольную работу. В нашем Вуаронском комиссариате делались фальшивые карточки. С официальной подписью комиссара. Комиссар был тогда...был учеником медицинского факультета. [Пауза] Ну, что ещё? Есть очень много сказать [неразборчиво] невозможно. А потом, значит, в феврале началось такое довольно неприятное явление. Милиция обосновалась в Вуароне, и, причём, она, конечно, выбрала своим местом жительства отель, лежащий совсем недалеко, в 10 минутах ходьбы, от отеля, в котором помещался ОРТ. Тогда мы решили, что тут дело швах—это неважно, и такое соседство для нас совсем не было приятно. И мы официально закрыли контору на...эээ...на долгосрочный отпуск. А ещё до того, с февраля 43-го года мы не имели вообще право...нет, с февраля—это уже был 44-ый, с февраля 44-го,—а с февраля 43-го года иностранные евреи не имели права работать в...эээ...еврейских организациях, мы были [неразборчиво]. И тут я должна отметить, что ОРТ был единственной организацией—[неразборчиво], но я говорю всегда то, что есть,—был единственной организацией, которая платила жалование всех своих служащих, всех своих сотрудников, даже если они уезжали прятаться, он им делал фальшивые бумаги, т.е. нужно было [неразборчиво] фальшивыми бумагами. Он платил за все передвижения ОРТовцев, он был как родной отец по отношению к [неразборчиво]. Поэтому у нас такое совершенно иное отношение к нашей организации—мы её любим, как часть...как часть самого себя. Это была, конечно, идея Френкеля, потому что если бы не было Френкеля, не было бы ОРТа. [Неразборчиво, очень тихо]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1931.598,2050.066"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/906","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А как ОРТ получал свои деньги?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2050.066,2053.994"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/907","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Как он получал, об этом лучше не говорить. Приходили какие-то молодые люди: «Вы Мадам Монк?» «Да». «Вот» -давали мне в руки какой-то пакет, завёрнутый несколькими слоями бумаги. Я брала этот пакет, шла к Френкелю, говорю: «Вот, я получила». «Сколько?» Я говорю: «Я понятия не имею. Не смотрела». [неразборчиво]. Мы через разных послов, через разных молодых людей Резистанс посылали Ростиславскому? почту, чтобы он имел понятие о том, что с нами происходит, но это длилось недолго. Был...наступил момент, когда мы боялись, что мы вообще будем отрезаны, будем сидеть без денег и без ничего. И...но нам очень помогали, и были люди, которые нам давали деньги. Я эти финансовые вещи не знаю, это меня никогда не интересовало, меня интересовало только так, что деньги есть, и что есть...эээ...что послать тем, которые от нас ушли, потому что они боялись. Особенно боялись мужчины, потому что они были первые в большой опасности. [Пауза] Например, когда это было? Уже было в 44-ом году в феврале, да. Нам пришли и сказали, что нужно спрятаться. Мы не имели, куда пойти. Тогда к нам пришла одна барышня из Резистанса: «Давайте я вас поведу». Завела нас в одну рабочую французскую семью. Они нас приняли с распростёртыми объятьями. Это было поздно вечером, приблизительно к 12 часам. Эта дама выводила собаку. [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2053.994,2144.808"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/908","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это была собака, которая...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2144.808,2146.477"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/909","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: А! Райт....которую мы назвали Райтом в честь англичан [неразборчиво], если не ошибаюсь. Фамилия у него такая. И вот значит, мы втроём с [неразборчиво] прибыли к этим совершенно чужим людям, которые уступили нам свою...эээ...спальню, которые не знали, как нас приласкать. Мы у них пробыли две недели. Потом нам товарищ сказал, что можно идти домой. И вот когда я прихожу домой, я вижу дома приглашение из комиссариата. Прихожу в комиссариат, я думала, что это [неразборчиво] что-то такое [неразборчиво]. И мне заявляют: «О Боже мой, о Боже мой, какой ужас! Мадам, Вы должны поехать в Германию». Всё дело...оказывается, они меня приняли за мужчину, немцы, и я должна была ехать на принудительные работы в качестве мужчины.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2146.477,2192.961"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/910","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Т.е. как? По карточке? По...эээ...айдентити...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2192.961,2196.106"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/911","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет. Там была...они собирали тогда мужчин на принудительные работы, без различия вероисповедания или расовой, без различия рас. И все мужчины получили, конечно, все удрали, кто куда мог. Только я получила это приглашение. И я сказала, что я не пойду. И в комиссариате три городовых ко мне подошли и сказали: «Мадам, Вы имеете, где спрятаться? Потому что, если не имеете, мы сами Вас поведём на ферму, на которой Вы можете оставаться жить до конца войны, которая надеемся скоро окончиться и Вас [неразборчиво]» Но так как я имела одну семью друзей, я просидела у них ещё несколько дней. Тем временем одна француженка поехала в Гренобль и узнала все новшества, доказала, что я женщина, а не мужчина, и это не имело никаких последствий. [Пауза] Ну, а потом, значит, у нас была милиция...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2196.106,2248.038"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/912","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так это просто выяснить: немцы составляли списки по каким-то карточкам...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2248.038,2254.063"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/913","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Немцы...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2254.063,2254.858"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/914","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . и записали Вас как-будто мужчина...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2254.858,2256.485"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/915","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2256.485,2257.069"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/916","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2257.069,2258.666"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/917","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ну, а потом там была, как я Вам говорила, приехала милиция, учредилась недалеко от ОРТа. И они следили за нами [неразборчиво] которую можно себе представить. Недалеко от Вуарона, в 2,5км, находился детский дом под руководством раввина Шмиерсона.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2258.666,2277.925"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/918","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Детский?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2277.925,2278.919"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/919","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Детский. Это ритуальный детский дом.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2278.919,2282.052"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/920","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ортодоксальный?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2282.052,2283.299"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/921","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ортодоксальный, да. Там, конечно, детей всех прятали, и раввин там спрятался. И дом...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2283.299,2289.847"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/922","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Шмиерсон был, что, хасидский еврей?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2289.847,2291.986"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/923","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Хасидский, да. Из Киева.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2291.986,2294.197"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/924","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Из Киева?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2294.197,2294.721"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/925","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да. Там его имя, кажется,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2294.721,2296.408"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/926","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: -Так. [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2296.408,2297.745"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/927","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет, он из Киева, с рыжей бородой.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2297.745,2300.697"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/928","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2300.697,2301.932"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/929","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Он очень многое сделал. Когда ушли итальянцы, он, думая спасти евреев от немцев, повёз очень большое количество за собственный счёт в Ниццу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2301.932,2311.45"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/930","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Он что, был, французским раввином?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2311.45,2315.125"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/931","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет, он русский.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2315.125,2316.824"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/932","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2316.824,2317.378"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/933","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Он русский. Он имеет тут свою иешиву, школу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2317.378,2325.511"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/934","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво, очень тихо]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2325.511,2329.86"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/935","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И значит он...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2329.86,2331.517"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/936","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А где школа?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2331.517,2332.903"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/937","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: На 10 Рю [неразборчиво]. Это возле [неразборчиво, очень тихо].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2332.903,2333.698"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/938","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво, очень тихо]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2333.698,2335.264"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/939","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ну, вообщем, раввин Шмиерсон повёз в Ниццу большое количество евреев из Вуарона и окрестностей. К сожалению, ему операция не удалась. Он думал сделать хорошо, но немцы его опередили. И когда он приехал в Ниццу, немцы там уже были. И он там сидел четыре дня взаперти, не выходя на свет Божий...[Пауза]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2335.264,2361.241"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/940","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] This concludes Spool 111 [not clear, very soft, recording stops abruptly]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2361.241,2373.301"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/941","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: This is Spool 112. The interviewee is Ms. Fira Monk...ah...a executive secretary at the [unintelligible] ORT organization in France. Paris, September the 7th, 1946. Illinois Institute of Technology, Illinois Institute of Technology wire recording.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2373.301,2395.119"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/942","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In Russian] Мадам Монк, Вы, значит, нам говорили, про раввина Шмиерсона, который повёз детей в Ниццу, но был опереден...эээ...опереждён немцами.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2395.119,2408.294"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/943","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Он повёз не только детей, он вёз с собой очень много взрослых, потому что в Вуароне с начала войны оказалось 195 еврейских семей.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2408.294,2416.589"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/944","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, что значит «он увёз с собой»? Что это...? Что это за такое...эээ...мероприятие было?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2416.589,2421.258"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/945","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Что это...? Да. Он нанял несколько камеланов [неразборчиво] и разослал своих людей ко всем живущим в Вуароне евреям, и в окрестностях...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2421.258,2429.674"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/946","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Виерон?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2429.674,2430.56"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/947","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Вуарон. [Говорит по буквам] V-о-i-r-о-n....и сказал: «Господа, я считаю, что самое лучшее для нас всех уехать от немцев и поехать в Ниццу. Из Ниццы у нас будет больше возможности перебраться в Италию, или же итальянцы останутся в Ницце—будет итальянская, наверное, власть». И тогда многие поехали. Я знаю, потому что моя бабушка тогда ещё жила в Ницце. У меня не было ехать никакого желания. Я всегда говорила: «Там, где массовое бегство—оттуда беги сама». И это будет самая удобная вещь немцам прийти туда и наложить [неразборчиво] на всех, как кошка на мышь.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2430.56,2464.664"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/948","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Давайте поправим: «там, куда массовое бегство...»","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2464.664,2468.61"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/949","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: «Там, куда массовое бегство».","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2468.61,2470.237"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/950","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. А «оттуда беги сама»?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2470.237,2471.665"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/951","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: А «оттуда беги сама». [Пауза] Там хорошо, где нас нет—это старая история. Ну, вот, он, значит, начал собирать со всех сторон людей, и ему действительно удалось с очень многими вернуться обратно. Но, к большому сожалению, большая часть погибла.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2471.665,2486.496"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/952","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: То есть?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2486.496,2486.828"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/953","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: В Ницце на вокзале стояли немцы, которые ловили людей, просто говоря, сетками как в больших городах ловят собак; их сажали тут же сейчас же в скотские вагоны, перевозили в Дранси и после того, как они пребывали в Дранси, их перевозили в Аушвитц и так далее.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2486.828,2504.641"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/954","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Где Дранси?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2504.641,2506.147"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/955","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Дранси недалеко от Парижа. На севере Парижа.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2506.147,2509.009"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/956","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это что? Военное какое-то поселение?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2509.009,2510.557"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/957","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2510.557,2510.919"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/958","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Или казармы?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2510.919,2511.624"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/959","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет, это маленький городочек, предместье. Это обычное предместье, там были казармы. И они в этих казармах предместья устроили некий раз...разборочный лагерь.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2511.624,2523.263"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/960","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2523.263,2524.028"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/961","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я недавно проезжала мимо Дранси, но у меня просто не хватило силы сойти и осмотреть этот город, потому что я считаю этот город местом смерти всех людей которые оттуда ушли.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2524.028,2533.124"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/962","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2533.124,2534.118"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/963","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И значит, когда Шмиерсон вернулся—за ним поехала одна знакомая француженка, она его привезла на такси из Ниццы,—и раввина сейчас же спрятали. Его поместили в...эээ...одном...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2534.118,2544.962"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/964","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Французская еврейка?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2544.962,2546.51"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/965","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет, христианка поехала, христианка.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2546.51,2548.076"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/966","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2548.076,2548.86"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/967","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Очень милая женщина. Её муж погиб потом, его немцы застрелили. Мать двух детей. И, значит, раввина спрятали в одном заброшенном доме в городе. Это было в 5км от Гренобля, и его жена [неразборчиво] остаётся, вышла один раз из дома, чтобы пойти куда-то за вещами, к ней подошло двое. Её арестовали. Тогда же арестовали ещё нескольких людей, и [неразборчиво] покойного брата нашего агронома. Их повезли в...в полутора километрах от Вуарона на горку, где они...милиция реквизировала частную виллу, и там трёх-четырёх людей подвергли самым страшным пыткам и издеваниям. Раввишна Шмиерсон должна была есть все их испражнения, которые они делали на том, толчённые граммофонные пластинки, пить мыльную и соляную воду. А один господин, некий Херцог, был подстрелен прямо на улице. Они говорили потом, что он защищался. И его избили до того, что человек через некоторое время скончался.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2548.86,2607.87"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/968","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Чего они хотели?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2607.87,2609.328"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/969","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Они хотели денег! У раввишны они хотели узнать, где раввин Шмиерсон. Они его считали очень опасным элементом.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2609.328,2615.123"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/970","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это кто были—французы или немцы?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2615.123,2616.388"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/971","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: А это были французы! Это была милиция французская.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2616.388,2618.708"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/972","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2618.708,2619.142"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/973","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Подонки общества. Вообще, в милицию брали людей из тюрем. Им говорили, что: «Мы тебя освободим. Ты должен к нам поступить». Других брали тем, что им давали сколько-то тысяч франков. В самом начале, когда была организована милиция, в неё пошло очень много бывших военных [говорит по-французски] -участники старой войны. Они думали, что милиция—это объединение военных. Но когда они увидели, честные ушли, а всякого...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2619.142,2644.662"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/974","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2644.662,2645.897"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/975","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ну, да, а подонки общества остались. Тем более, что за голову каждого еврея давали 3 тысячи франков. Тогда это была очень приличная сумма. Ну, да, 3 тысячи франков...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2645.897,2654.795"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/976","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как это—за голову?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2654.795,2655.831"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/977","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: За голову евреев платили 3 тыщи франков.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2655.831,2658.391"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/978","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Еврея, которого немцы искали?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2658.391,2660.078"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/979","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет, зачем искать?! Просто говорили, что здесь живёт еврей. Они ходили и говорили: «Здесь живёт еврей. Идите его арестовать». И когда, значит, они доносили, его арестовывают, этому человеку выдавали 3 тысячи франков. Но мы же говорили, что милиция, очевидно, ценит нас гораздо дороже. Христа продали за 30 серебряников, а нас за 3 тысячи.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2660.078,2680.076"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/980","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А франки же не были серебряными?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2680.076,2682.185"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/981","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Это неважно. Они считались по золотой валюте.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2682.185,2684.546"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/982","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Кто?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2684.546,2684.878"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/983","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Неразборчиво] золотые лавки. Ну, потом префект из Гренобля...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2684.878,2690.583"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/984","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Всё подорожало?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2690.583,2692.824"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/985","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да, но жизнь человеческая подешевела.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2692.824,2693.83"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/986","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так вот, если там за 30, а тут за 3 тысячи?! Цена поднялась.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2693.83,2698.348"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/987","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И, очевидно, цена жизни всё-таки поднялась. Понимаете, столько времени прошло. И вот тогда, когда были арестованы наши друзья, раввин...эээ...префект города Гренобля сам [неразборчиво] в чём здесь дело. «Кто здесь хозяин—я или они?» И говорит этой милиции: «Слушайте, или вы выпустите этих евреев, либо вы здесь остаётесь, либо я остаюсь». Написал об этом в Виши. Не знаю, что там произошло. Это всё покрыто большой мистерией, каким-то тёмным занавесом. Во всяком случае, раввиншу Шмиерсон, Вика? выпустили, а бедный Херцог скончался там. Его отвезли, и он уже умер. И раввиншу выпустили. Тогда их перевели...перевели в другое место, в 10 километрах от самого Вуерона, где они жили на ферме. Всё окружение не знали, они не знали, я не знала. Во всяком случае, когда я к нему пришла, я никого новых не встретила. Я к нему очень часто ходила. Он оставался без денег, и ему тогда передавалась...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2698.348,2752.761"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/988","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Раввин?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2752.761,2753.466"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/989","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Сергей Александрович. Своих детей, которые были у него на попечении, он спрятал. И в один прекрасный день милиция узнала, что там [неразборчиво] семья Резистанс. Они взяли с собой двух или трёх немцев гестапо и пошли туда. Когда они увидели плачущих детей, тогда немцы сказали: «В чём дело? Ведь нам сказали, что это Резистанс, а тут только [неразборчиво]» Это им не помешало забрать всех 19 детей, начиная с 3-летнего возраста до 19 лет.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2753.466,2780.327"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/990","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А сколько детей там было?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2780.327,2781.08"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/991","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: 22.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2781.08,2781.984"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/992","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А что они сделали...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2781.984,2783.653"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/993","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Они [неразборчиво, помехи]. Все 22 ребёнка были забраны.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2783.653,2788.273"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/994","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Вы сказали 19.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2788.273,2790.804"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/995","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет. От 3 до 19 лет.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2790.804,2792.774"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/996","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: О!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2792.774,2793.479"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/997","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: От 3 до 19 лет. И только одному удалось бежать. Он бежал из Дранси. Это брат моей одной приятельницы. Он попал [неразборчиво] в Дранси, когда он работал на рельсах, обезвреживая бомбу, которая будто бы не взорвалась. Немец ушёл, в ту сторону. Тогда он и, не ожидая его возвращения, удрал. И через три недели он появился в Вуароне. Потом его отправили...общими усилиями его отправили к испанской границе. Он перешёл в Испанию, и был отправлен в Палестину. И остался там. А остальные погибли. Из них вот вернулся только один молодой человек 19 лет. [Пауза] Ну, а раввин сам скрывался, всё время. И потом, позже немножко, я как-то от него возвращалась, и меня встречают мои две приятельницы и говорят мне: «Слушай, какой ужас! Какой кошмар! Шмиерсона убили». Я сначала не решилась сказать, что я от него, потому что всё держалось в большом секрете, даже от самых близких друзей. Тем более, что в тот день я ему отнесла крупную сумму денег. У него ещё были люди, набожные евреи, которые скрывались сами в Резистанс, которые сидели без копейки денег, и которых он содержал. Так я сказала: «В чём дело? Вы мне говорите, как?» В [неразборчиво, название места по-французски]—это 6км от Вуарона, убили Шмиерсона. Вы знаете, они начали плакать. Я говорю: «Послушайте, девочки. Шмиерсона не убили, я от него только что. Когда его убили?». «Полтора часа тому назад» «[неразборчиво] тоже полтора часа, это всё-таки невозможные вещи. Если бы они уже были там, значит, они меня б тоже поймали. И я бы не сидела сейчас за чайным столом». Оказалась тогда следующая история: что они приехали [неразборчиво], и спросили девочку одну: «Скажи, ты не знаешь здесь одного господина с бородой?» И девочка действительно сказала: «Да как же! Конечно! Вот он живёт в этом маленьком домике». И они зашли, милиционеры, туда. Это был маленький домик, в котором жило двое евреев. Они устроили, правда, фальшивую стену, за которой было нарыто углубление, в котором могло поместиться два человека. Зять этого господина туда спрятался и сказал: «Идёмте со мной, папа». Отец сказал: «Нет. Если мне суждено жить, я буду жить, если же нет—сын»,—говорит,—«я Божий». И они зашли. И они взяли этих евреев. Двух. Там пришёл второй с ним обсу...немножко поговорить на религиозные темы, а может быть, на политические. И через три часа нашли [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2793.479,2930.115"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/998","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво] и они его приняли за Шмиерсона?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2930.115,2932.446"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/999","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Они его приняли за Шмиерсона. Они потом себе кусали локти, что это не был раввин, но они всё-таки были очень довольны, что увели с собой двух евреев. Ну, а в апреле 44-го года, когда...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2932.446,2941.482"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1000","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это была милиция?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2941.482,2942.507"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1001","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Это была милиция...милиция. А в апреле 44-го года, когда милиция была [неразборчиво] в нашем Вуароне, там был шеф её, господин Жордаль. Когда мы приехали в Вуарон, он издавал маленькую газету «Вуаронский листок» [неразборчиво] грязная газета. Она очень [неразборчиво] писала. «Кто эти люди, которые ходят вверх по горке?» Наш дом тогда находился на горе. «...вверх по горке в непромокаемых пальто с портфелями под мышкой. Врачи ли это? Нет. Адвокаты? О, нет! Военные? Боже сохрани! Это иудеи, простите. [неразборчиво]» Это они писали: «Мы счастливы сообщить вам, что господин Френкель со своей супругой переехал в Аушвитц. Мы счастливы сообщить Вуаронскому населению, что госпожа Монк со своей матерью переехали из отеля в собственную квартиру». Наша квартира была какая-то полуразвалившаяся халтура [неразборчиво]. «Господин Леви?! Ну, конечно, господин Леви живёт в замке». Жил он в замке? Нет. Потому что это был замок...потому что была очень дешёвая...ему знакомые уступили комнату в одном так называемом замке. Это был очень большой дом, стоящий посередине сада. И вот. Значит, редактор этой газеты, господин Жордаль, принимал участие в аресте и ограблении всех евреев, которых только могли поймать в окрестностях Гренобля, и который принимал участие в аресте раввинши Шмиерсон. И в один прекрасный день...его дом находился напротив большой профессиональной государственной школы. Мальчики из этой профессиональной школы были, конечно, в Резистанс. И вот в один прекрасный день утром, в семь часов утра я выхожу в город, и мне одна женщина говорит: «Как, мадам? Вы в городе?! Вы знаете, что Жордаля убили?» Мне стало неприятно. Она говорит: «Да, его убили. Я Вас прошу, будьте осторожны, потому что может быть большое несчастье». Я пошла домой. И в это время было очень тяжёлое время во Франции. У нас не было хлеба совершенно. А так как у меня всё-таки маленькая семья, которую нужно кормить, я решила, будь, что будет, но хлеб нужно достать. И я пошла в город. Встречаю знакомого городового: «Куда Вы идёте?» Я говорю: «Я иду за папиросами и за хлебом, потому что [неразборчиво]». Он говорит: «Идите, но я Вас прошу, сделайте это скоро, потому что я не знаю, что это будет».","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2942.507,3081.385"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1002","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво, очень тихо]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3081.385,3082.168"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1003","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Городовой. Простой городовой.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3082.168,3086.626"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1004","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3086.626,3087.289"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1005","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И я пошла в магазин, где я покупала на чёрном рынке папиросы. [Пауза] И вошла в магазин. Это не...эээ...хлебный мага...не хлебная лавка, а вообще универсальный магазин, и думала, может быть, я найду сухари. Я спрашиваю кассиршу. Она говорит: «Нет, сухарей больше нет». Тогда я уже хотела взяться за...эээ...дверную ручку, чтобы уйти. Ко мне подошёл какой-то тип, очень большой, очень красивый, вооружённый до зубов и сказал мне по-французски—это довольно некорректно звучит: «Идите к чёрту! Вы нам здесь всем намозолили глаза!» Ну, я решила сначала обидеться. Всё было дело секунды, решение было, конечно, такое, сразу пойти чуть ли не в бой, но потом я решила, нет, дама не дерётся, и кроме того, у него пулемёт, и я ушла. И когда я встретила на улице несколько знакомых евреев, я им сказала: «Господа, идите домой. Сегодня что-то очень плохо пахнет». К сожалению, не все меня послушали. Я пришла домой. И я узнала через час, что на площади было взято семь евреев, и они были уведены. Это было в 2 часа дня. В 6 часов вечера ко мне пришёл один молодой человек из Резистанс и сказал: «Мадам, семь человек убито за мельницей». Они убиты самым жутким образом. У них вырваны глаза. Им вырвали ногти. Им вырывали каждый волос отдельно. Им срезали члены и всё [неразборчиво, помехи]. Они издевались над ними самым гнуснейшим образом. Плакать не было времени. Мы подошли в комиссариат, и мы попросили в комиссариате, чтобы послали на место одного из тех, с фотографическим аппаратом. В восемь часов вечера фотографии с полным отчётом были отосланы в Швейцарию молодыми людьми, которые...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3087.289,3189.347"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1006","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это как? Из полиции?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3189.347,3191.365"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1007","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Из полиции.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3191.365,3193.313"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1008","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это что? Французская полиция?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3193.313,3195.072"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1009","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Французская полиция делала фотографии. Нам отдали то, что нужно было. Это ведь были полицейские...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3195.072,3199.349"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1010","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Полиция была в Резистанс?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3199.349,3200.885"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1011","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Она, конечно, была связана с Резистанс.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3200.885,3203.114"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1012","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3203.114,3204.65"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1013","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И они не имели право [неразборчиво]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3204.65,3206.367"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1014","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Они не могли. Секретарь комиссариата был депортирован. И все, кто был в национальной полиции, при нашем комиссариате был депортирован. У нас очень много христиан взяли. У нас было два налёта гестапо, они на евреев тогда не обращали внимания, а брали только христиан. [Пауза] И вот, среди них...я увидела сама эти фотографии. Среди них был один молодой господин 36 лет, отец троих детей. Жена его ждала четвёртого ребёнка. Когда мне принесли фотографии—я видела их [неразборчиво, помехи], я спросила их: «Кто этот старик?» «Как? Ведь это [фамилия неразборчиво]» Я говорю: «Т.е. как [фамилия неразборчиво]?!» Я видела пред собой старика 70 лет. Это было действительно ужасно. И вот в 8 часов вечера все эти документы пошли в Швейцарию. Этот отчёт был прочитано радио [непонятно, по-французски], потому что у нас тогда было радио, которое передавало тоже.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3206.367,3261.326"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1015","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Эээ...подпольное радио?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3261.326,3263.404"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1016","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Конечно, подпольное. Его наладил один поляк. И на следующий день английское радио прочло всему миру о том, что произошло в Вуароне. [Пауза] Это была месть милиции за...за то, что убили Жордаля со всей его семьей, включая трёхлетнего ребёнка. Но мы знали, что это не была работа Резистанс. Потому что Резистанс не убивала маленьких детей. Притом знали. Это нам сказали люди знающие. И потом это оказалось правдой, что это было просто сведением счётов. Они награбили 26 миллионов франков.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3263.404,3300.693"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1017","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Кто?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3300.693,3301.338"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1018","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Милиция.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3301.338,3302.073"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1019","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3302.073,3302.838"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1020","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И они хотели делиться. И, конечно, каждый из них хотел самый больший кусок. Жордаль вообще был господин прекрасного дома. Он была обладателем нескольких домов в [неразборчиво]. Официально он имел эти [говорит по-французски], знаете, [неразборчиво]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3302.838,3317.386"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1021","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3317.386,3318.32"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1022","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: . . . ну, центральное отопление.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3318.32,3321.254"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1023","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3321.254,3321.959"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1024","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: А в действительности он заведовал домами терпимости, так что прекрасное семейство. И вся семья была убита, остался только один его сын. Что с ним стало, не знаю. Все остальные участники этого гнусного убийства были убиты Резистанс. Некоторые [неразборчиво], некоторые после. Потом ещё в 5км от Вуарона было очень...такой показательный случай. Там был один поляк-крестьянин. Он всегда был очень весёлый парень, работал в каменоломнях, и был рыбак. И это был прекрасный день [неразборчиво]...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3321.959,3354.604"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1025","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Где работал?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3354.604,3355.267"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1026","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ну, в каменоломнях.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3355.267,3356.502"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1027","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3356.502,3357.255"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1028","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ну, это был рубаха-парень. Весёлый, любил выпить, отец семи детей и вообще человек, ему всё было по колено. И вот то, что я Вам расскажу, видела моя подруга своими глазами из окна своей гостиницы. Она жила как крестьянка в этой деревне, была певицей, называется [говорит название театра по-французски]. Приехал автомобиль, в котором сидело два гестапо и два милиционера. И подошли к поляку, сидевшему вместе с другими поляками у стола за стаканом пива. И попросили их раздеться. Значит, сначала все поразились. Говорят: «Вы евреи?» «Нет». «Тогда разденьтесь». Тогда они разделись, доказали, что они не евреи, и поляк был немножечко подвыпивши. И он поднял на гестапо руку! Ах! «Гуд бай, гуд бай!» Тот, во-первых, увидел польскую руку: «Как это! Поляк поднял руку! И ещё «гуд бай». Он схватил этого поляка за шиворот, всадил его в автомобиль и увезли. Три дня позже нашли его труп. Правда, городок оказался на высоте. Его жена [неразборчиво], но, конечно, его не вернёшь. Что самый это несчастный парень был. Город пошёл ей изумительно навстречу. Она сейчас же получила 20 тысяч франков. Когда она рожала своего четвёртого ребёнка, она была помещена в городскую больницу—больница там изумительная, между прочим,—и начальник её, доктор Бова [имя неразборчиво], был на большой высоте. Он тоже лечил резистанцев, делал операции, и всё. У неё, конечно, денег не взяли. Она получила замечательнейшее приданое для ребёнка. Я заикнулась о том, что мне нужно пару распашонок, мне одна дама-француженка, она работает тоже в Резистанс, принесла картон вещей, которые за самые большие деньги вообще нельзя было получить, потому что, Вы знаете, как у нас всё было ограничено, и дети получали 3 кило шерсти на три первых года жизни, в то время как на ребёнка нужно 5 кило [неразборчиво]. Ей обеспечили определённую пенсию со стороны еврейских организаций, со стороны Резистанс. Но всё-таки это не вернёт её мужа, тем более, что они очень дружно жили. Ну, и вот как раз в это время, когда милиция царствовала и властвовала, приехала в Вуарон моя бабушка с французскими бумагами. Моя бабушка кроме «Оревуар, бонжур, месье, мадам» ничего не могла сказать. Она приехала как мадам Вуараль, глухонемая эльзаска. Её принимали...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3357.255,3502.69"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1029","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как глухонемая?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3502.69,3503.775"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1030","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да, я думаю. Она ж не могла говорить! [говорит со смехом]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3503.775,3505.835"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1031","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3505.835,3508.908"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1032","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет, она очень...всё время в дороге она очень быстро разговаривала по-русски. Она вообще была того мнения, что: «Ничего, я проеду».","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3508.908,3516.48"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1033","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво], что она глухонемая?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3516.48,3518.408"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1034","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да, по бумагам было написано, что...эээ...как называется...[говорит по-французски]—это глухонемая, всю жизнь. Привезла её невестка матери,...эээ...вдова маминого брата, которая приехала...Когда она говорит по-французски, Вы на 8 километров услышите, что она русская. И она делает ошибки в каждом втором слове, и всё-таки она приехала как мадмуазель Вуараль и была уверена, что никто не знает, что она русская. И вот в один прекрасный день у нас обыск дома. Приходит тип из Виши. У нас обычно было их довольно много, было общественно всё время. Но это был самый неприятный, потому что из Виши приехал тип и делал обыски во всех еврейских домах. Он делал обыск в доме [неразборчиво]—это наш старый сотрудник, который работал 25 лет в ОРТе, он теперь в Америке. У него он стучал по стенкам и непременно хотел доказать ему о том, что он советский гражданин, что он советский шпион и Бог его знает что, но всё-таки ничего...сумяшившись, должен был уйти, потому что не было что взять. Он прибежал к нам, и моя тётушка здесь стоит со своими фальшивыми бумагами. И он её спрашивает: «Вы давно в Вуароне?» Моя тётя сиплым от страха голосом заявляет: «Уви». Тогда я говорю: «Вы знаете, она очень простужена. Так что я предпочитаю даже, чтобы она не говорила».","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3518.408,3602.87"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1035","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это та, что должна была быть глухонемой?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3602.87,3605.231"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1036","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет, бабушка была глухонемой. А это её невестка.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3605.231,3607.942"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1037","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3607.942,3609.207"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1038","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Глухонемая бабушка—мы сейчас же перевели её на настоящие бумаги. Я пошла в комиссариат, сказала: «Так и так, приехала моя бабушка». Нужно ей сделать бумаги, потому что она приехала [неразборчиво]. Всё. Мне сейчас же выдали на неё ресиписе [неразборчиво]. Она даже ни разу не заходила в комиссариат. А невестка, значит, решила остаться под своими бумагами. Когда её спросили: «Давно ли Вы в Вуароне?», она ответила «Уви». И по её [неразборчиво] сразу можно было узнать это...что она не родилась во...под Парижем. Вот, я сказала, что она простужена, и что у неё хриплый голос. Ну, я не знаю, понял ли он, хотел или не хотел, но, во всяком случае, он на неё больше не обращал внимания, а набросился на мою библиотеку. В моей библиотеке очень много английских книг. Он спросил: «Ага! У Вас столько английских книг! Почему?» Я говорю: «Очень просто. Я надеюсь, что англичане здесь скоро будут. [Неразборчиво, очень тихо]» Он побледнел, но ничего не ответил. Потом он начал рыться у меня в...эээ...чемодане и вытащил пару...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3609.207,3671.167"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1039","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А Вы действительно так ответили?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3671.167,3673.276"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1040","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я решила, всё равно, если умереть, то хотя бы с музыкой. Я не хотела их бояться. Я ненавидела...я знала, что чем я буду нахальней, тем он будет скромнее, потому что они всё-таки идиоты. Они ведь не знали...это были совершенно некультурные люди. Они терялись, если вы им говорили что-то такое, которое не входило в их понятия. Они знали, вот это и это мы должны сделать. А что будет дальше, они уже не понимали. И дать какой-нибудь более достойный ответ они уже не могли. [Пауза] И когда он начал копаться в моём чемодане, вытащил пару моих трико. [Неразборчиво] Я говорю: «Слушайте, не нужно копаться в чужих вещах. Нужно извиняться». «Да, да, Вы знаете, я должен исполнять поручение, которое мне свыше даны». Я говорю: «Простите, если мне [неразборчиво] скажут, сделайте то-то и то-то, я буду против этого, я просто скажу: «Господа, я этого не хочу делать». Но [неразборчиво] я не стану копаться в чужих чемоданах». Тогда он с сердцем хлопнул крышкой чемодана, сказав: «С Вами вообще нельзя справиться!»","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3673.276,3734.335"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1041","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это немец?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3734.335,3735.178"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1042","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Француз, француз! Немцы у меня ни разу не были. Я прошла...т.е. все прошли сквозь эту оккупацию, как набожный раввин между каплями дождя. Вы знаете этот анекдот?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3735.178,3746.925"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1043","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Про раввина?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3746.925,3748.13"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1044","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Про раввина. А раввин был посередине. Направо было гестапо, налево была милиция, а мы были посерёдке.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3748.13,3753.504"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1045","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3753.504,3754.902"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1046","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ну, и потом всё это пошло очень быстрым темпом. Как мы узнали, 6 мая...6 июня была высадка. У нас сразу немножко поднялась...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3754.902,3764.583"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1047","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: В 45-ом году?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3764.583,3766.041"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1048","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: В 44-ом!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3766.041,3767.559"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1049","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3767.559,3768.282"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1050","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Всех. Нам стало легче дышать. Каждый раз прибегал кто-то из Резистанс: «Ах, они будут завтра наступать. Ах, они будут завтра там-то». Мы не отходили от радио. Слушали радио до 2-3 часов ночи. Мы ложились спать...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3768.282,3783.415"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1051","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Какое радио вы слушали?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3783.415,3784.873"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1052","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Конечно, английское. [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3784.873,3787.295"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1053","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3787.295,3787.819"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1054","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Все говорят по-французски. Все спрашивали разрешения. Ведь был такой анекдот. Значит, одна женщина пришла в церковь молиться за...ммм...молиться за благополучие своего мужа, немецкого военнопленного. И она говорит,...ммм...что сначала хотела бы пойти исповедоваться. Священник ей говорит: «Когда ж ты хочешь прийти?» Она говорит: «Я бы хотела прийти в 11 часов вечера». А он говорит: « В 11 часов вечера я не могу». «Почему?» «Я сижу дома, я слушаю английское радио». Т.е. слушать английское радио было гораздо важнее. Это было очень хорошее радио «Атлантик». Они давали эту...эээ...танцевальную музыку и между прочим давали новости. Это были самые лучшие известия.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3787.819,3825.971"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1055","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это [неразборчиво]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3825.971,3827.429"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1056","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Это было тоже подпольное радио. Потом мы слушали французское радио тоже. Мы слушали немецкое радио! Мы слушали речи Гитлера и Гёббельса. Это было страшно [неразборчиво], когда мы слышали: «Мы не отдадим этого, мы не отдадим того!» Мы ведь знали, что это было уже давно взято. Немцы этого не знали или [неразборчиво]. Когда они кричали о том, что «мы не отдадим Сталинград», тогда мы уже пили водку за взятие Сталинграда. Мы запомнили [неразборчиво], потому что нельзя...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3827.429,3852.242"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1057","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Вы пили водку за...эээ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3852.242,3855.013"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1058","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: . . . за взятие нашими! За победу! За [неразборчиво] конечно.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3855.013,3856.339"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1059","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3856.339,3857.194"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1060","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Пауза] Ну, вот, и тогда стало всё светлее и светлее дышать. Милиция уже как-то смущалась. Резистанс сходила с гор и была у нас...вообще стала хозяином. Они разъезжали на автомобилях, они были вооружены до зубов. Это была всё молодёжь. [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3857.194,3878.72"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1061","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так война ещё не кончилась?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3878.72,3880.389"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1062","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет! Война ещё не кончилась. Ещё не было освобождения. Это только шла борьба за Францию. И вот 15 августа 44-го года к нам прибегает один мальчик, из маки, с оторванными пуговицами. Мы садимся ему пришивать пуговицы. Он говорит: «Господа, 19-го Гренобль будет взят нашими!» Так я его и спрашиваю: «Вы столько раз обещали «19», что надоело». 19 мы не были освобождены, но 22 августа приходит к нам один знакомый. Мы его не узнали, очень был пожилой. Мы перед нами видим молодого человека, с распахнутым воротником, который берёт меня за руку и: «Идёмте на площадь! Вы слышите колокола?» Я не слышала. Я услышала, когда [неразборчиво] через окно. И мы вышли на площадь, вернее не вышли—мы побежали. Площадь перед церковью—готическая церковь XII столетия—была запружена народом. Это было...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3880.389,3931.779"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1063","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: В 44-ом году?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3931.779,3933.135"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1064","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: В 44-ом году. 22 августа. Была масса народа. Все плакали, все целовали друг друга. На меня напали какие-то люди, и меня начали целовать. Я их в жизни не видела. Я только потом узнала, кто это был. Какой-то храбрец влез на колокольню с трёхцветным флагом. И когда этот трёхцветный флаг начал биться в воздухе, и когда французы стали на колени и стали петь «Марсельезу», тогда я поняла, что [неразборчиво] Франции, что все эти ужасы [неразборчиво] этого старого маленького города. Это было изумительно красиво. И, во-первых, ещё очень интересный момент. Было серенькое утро, и когда шла милиция—это не литература—небо стало синее и засияло солнце. [Пауза] Это было до того красиво! И через два часа появились первые американские танки. Появились эти мальчики в этих мохнатых шлемах, из которых ещё торчали всякие листки и травки, и спросили [говорит по-английски]: “Where are the Germans? We haven’t seen one since [unclear]!” [Неразборчиво] «Немцы? Нет, они бегут перед нами». Мы лезли все на танки. Мы целовали, обнимали эти танки, этих мальчиков. Мы были счастливы. Мы были благодарны им, как никогда. Потом был маленький момент, когда заявили, что немцы приходят в...ммм...Вуарон, что они по дороге из Гренобля в Вуарон бегут. Все разбежались. Но всё-таки трёхцветный флаг остался на церкви, на всех окнах. Через полчаса паника улеглась, и мы тогда ходили по кофейням и обнимали и целовали всех американских солдат, которые с нами были. Мы их поили водкой, мы не знали, что с ними делать. Мы были пьяны от счастья. Они—одинаково пьяны.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3933.135,4033.828"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1065","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво, очень тихо]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4033.828,4036.088"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1066","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Все. Они бежали сломя голову. Нам рассказывали друзья наши, жившие в Вуароне...в Гренобле, что 21 ночью они слышали странный грохот. И они поняли, что всё хорошо. Это немцы наскоро запаковывали свои вещи. И никому ни сказав ни слова, начали бежать! [Неразборчиво] И они исчезли. Утром, когда люди встали и вышли на улицу, не было вообще ни одного немца. Ещё не было американцев, но немцев уже не было.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4036.088,4066.186"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1067","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4066.186,4066.457"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1068","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И только маки царствовали там. Но везде были, конечно, перестрелки. Было очень много жертв.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4066.457,4072.03"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1069","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Маки?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4072.03,4072.675"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1070","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да. Очень...слишком много. [Пауза] Ну, а раньше бывали моменты, когда...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4072.675,4079.253"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1071","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, а война...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4079.253,4080.639"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1072","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: А война ещё не окончилась. Париж был освобождён 25 августа, тогда окончилась война.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4080.639,4085.591"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1073","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Августа 44-го...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4085.591,4086.898"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1074","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: . . . 44-го года. Но война продол...44-го!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4086.898,4093.416"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1075","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4093.416,4094.079"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1076","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Но война-то была...это во Франции уже не было войны. Война продолжалась на севере и в других странах.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4094.079,4100.314"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1077","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4100.314,4100.916"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1078","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Т.е. перемирие было только 8 мая 45-го года. Но я уж тогда была в Тулузе. Меня туда делегировала моя дирекция, чтобы открыть новый...наш старый центр, закрытый немцами, из которого немцы всё увезли. Я уж тогда была в Тулузе. И тогда я видела, что наш маленький Вуарон умеет ещё лучше праздновать победу, чем большие университетские города. Более искренне [Говорит со смехом].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4100.916,4124.942"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1079","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4124.942,4126.147"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1080","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4126.147,4127.334"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1081","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Теперь скажите-ка мне [пауза]...эээ...скажите мне вот что: Вы же интервьюировали очень много displaced persons—беженцев, так сказать, [неразборчиво] сразу после войны, то, что мне не удалось сделать.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4127.334,4150.539"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1082","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да. Я...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4150.539,4151.967"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1083","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Дайте мне какие-нибудь моменты или дайте мне картину от..., лучше сказать, картины, отдельных случаев, которые, Вы думаете, было особенно важно или интересно, так сказать, запечатлеть.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4151.967,4169.328"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1084","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я скажу, что было очень много...я работала в Тулузе в [говорит название организации по-французски]—это был центр...приёмочный центр возвращающихся депортированных и военнопленных. И я там говорила со многими. Эээ...к сожалению, евреев депортированных было очень мало. Я нашла всего десять человек. Но потом ко мне в бюро начали приходить разные молодые люди, которые не возвращались [неразборчиво] в Тулузу, а через другие города и хотели у нас получить работу. И вот с некоторыми из них...например, был такой...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4169.328,4206.569"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1085","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Вы мне лучше скажите, дайте мне что-нибудь о не евреях. Какие это были [неразборчиво]?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4206.569,4210.196"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1086","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: А! Вот я Вам щас расскажу. Не евреи были искл...почти все—99%, можно сказать,—политические. Это были коммунисты, социалисты и резистанцы. Это подпольные работники. Я могу говорить с уверенностью только о Вуароне, потому что это был тот городок, где я прожила...эээ...с 42-го по 44-ый год—самые тяжёлые моменты. Там был отель—Тарди. Эээ...владельцы имели двух сыновей. Они оба были в Резистанс. Очаровательные молодые, т.е. молодые—одному было 39, другому 36 лет. Их забрали. В одну прекрасную ночь за ними пришли, их депортировали и больше ничего о них не знали. Но позже узнали, что они погибли в Бухенвальде. Так что все те...эээ...секретарь комиссариата был арестован, как я Вам сказала, и депортирован. Второй...этот...Ангельс...как называется...[неразборчиво] [Пауза] Много было [неразборчиво, помехи] был депортирован и расстрелян. Он был расстрелян в Гренобле самом. Очень много, масса молодых людей были отосланы на принудительные работы.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4210.196,4280.575"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1087","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Французов?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4280.575,4281.178"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1088","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Французов. Но Вы знаете, что они посылали туда бесконечное количество французской молодёжи, и те, которые от них убежали, именно бежали в маки. Ведь вначале, когда их отправляли, они думали, что они там будут работать, что они будут получать деньги, [неразборчиво] будут иметь 2 000 франков в месяц—это будет хорошо. Но они будут финансировать, конечно, как всякий себя уважающий француз. Когда оказалось, что они живут там же, в таких же кошмарных условиях как все еврее, т.е. сначала пропускали евреев, потом пропускали неевреев. Там разницы никакой не было. Я говорила с одной молодой девушкой, которая вернулась из...из Аушвица...она была потом в нескольких других лагерях. Она в течение двух месяцев была в борделе там. Она мне это определённо сказала. Она...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4281.178,4329.755"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1089","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: За что?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4329.755,4330.99"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1090","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Неразборчиво] Вы знаете, я им не ставлю вопросов, этим людям. Я им...я даю им говорить, потому что я не хочу, чтобы они думали, что я любопытна. Это ведь было бы больное любопытство их спрашивать. [Неразборчиво, очень тихо]. И вот одна из них мне сказала: «Я не знаю, как Вы на меня будете смотреть. Я провела два месяца в борделе. И я спаслась только благодаря тому, что в меня влюбился один молодой немец». Она каждые четверть часа пропускала другого немца, и четверть часа отдыха. Если немец у неё задерживался на 5 минут дольше, стучали в дверь.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4330.99,4367.957"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1091","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так вот, дайте всё-таки мне это выяснить. Когда я спросил об этом в...Бухенвальде, мне говорили, что это разрешили в Бухенвальде, и что все проститутки там были нееврейки, потому что немцы считали расеншанде.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4367.957,4388.451"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1092","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4388.451,4389.276"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1093","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как же тут еврейская девица попала в бордель?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4389.276,4392.782"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1094","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я согласна с Вами. Я не знаю. Я могу Вам сказать только то, что мне эта девушка рассказала.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4392.782,4396.999"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1095","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4396.999,4397.403"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1096","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Мне говорила другая, что многие, даже из евреек, думали, попав в бордель, спастись.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4397.403,4404.554"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1097","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4404.554,4405.138"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1098","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Но, к сожалению, это было не так. Там они могли работать только три месяца. Через три месяца они все почти заболевали. Тогда их расстреливали. Я читала одно письмо, прибывшее из какого-то лагеря, я не помню, из какого. Это письмо потом было напечатано в одной подпольной газете [говорит название по-французски]. И девушка—это польская партизанка...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4405.138,4423.12"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1099","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как называлась газета?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4423.12,4423.737"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Повторяет по-французски] «Христианское свидетельство».","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4423.737,4427.062"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4427.062,4427.544"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И эта девочка писала своей матери в Ниццу: «Мама, я служу матрацем для немецких солдат. Я работаю уже третий месяц. Я больна. Я знаю, что меня расстреляют. Это моё последнее письмо». Я сама видела это письмо.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4427.544,4442.815"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4442.815,4444.141"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ну, а я Вам скажу так, они не хотят об этом рассказывать, и это вполне естественно, потому что не хочется лишний раз [неразборчиво, очень тихо]. Так что если они Вам не говорят, [неразборчиво] что там этого не было. Я могу только повторять то, что они сказали. Ко мне приходил ещё один молодой человек 26 лет. Он мне сказал: «Мадам, я не знаю, как Вы будете на меня смотреть. Я спас свою жизнь только благодаря тому, что я был [неразборчиво]».","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4444.141,4475.986"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Женщина?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4475.986,4476.619"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Мужчина!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4476.619,4477.565"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4477.565,4477.788"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Молодой мальчик, ему 26 лет.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4477.788,4479.276"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4479.276,4479.68"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Он приехал совершенно [неразборчиво] в смысле физическом, психологическом [неразборчиво]. И он меня умолял: «Что мне сделать? Я хочу стать опять нормальным человеком, меня это преследует». Я ему сказала, что я не могу его обвинять. Наоборот! Я предпочитаю, чтобы он так спас свою жизнь, чем...эээ...какими-нибудь иными гадостями.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4479.68,4512.99"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4512.99,4514.255"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И я его направила в Тулузу к одному психиатру, и его там лечили. Вообщем, его вылечили. Я от него получила, значит, первое письмо после того, как он в первый раз стал ухаживать за дамой, [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4514.255,4524.436"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4524.436,4525.291"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: А потом мне рассказывала девушка, что она видела одну женщину, над которой проводил эксперименты. Один знакомый врач,...эээ...который провёл в этих лагерях тоже несколько лет,—нет, два года он провёл,—там видел эксперименты, когда брали руку и прибивали её на голову. Когда вспрыскивали...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4525.291,4532.701"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Руку что?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4532.701,4533.936"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Руку прибивали к голове или к спине.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4533.936,4536.105"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4536.105,4536.509"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Потому что можно было!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4536.509,4537.997"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4537.997,4538.672"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Потому что отрывают лапку правую, но человек живёт. Он видел женщин, которым вспрыскивали се...семена разных животных. Он видел женщину, которой вспрыснули семя...эээ...лошади, которая разбухла, как бочка и которая...в буквальном смысле этого слова лопнула.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4538.672,4557.268"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Вспрыснули ей...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4557.268,4558.594"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Вспрыснули ей семя, сделали...эээ...искусственное оплодотворение.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4558.594,4562.702"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Но как же она вспухнула? Она же не могла забеременеть...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4562.702,4566.558"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Она не могла зачать. Но условия нормальные. Но они туда залезли и [неразборчиво]. Я Вам расскажу следующее, что они сделали. Это было в Ницце. Там в одной из еврейских семей арестовали 4 человек, и там была девочка. Маленькая девочка 12 лет. Не еврейка, нет. Француженка маленькая. И она пришла домой через три дня. Её спрашивают: «Ну, как? Как? Что с тобой делали?» Она говорит: «Ничего. Мне ничего не сделали». Всё-таки родители позвали врача, и врач увидел маленький укол на правой ручке. Он спросил: «Что это такое?» Она говорит: «Ничего не знаю. Мне дали какое-то вспрыскивание».","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4566.558,4601.432"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Сколько лет было девочке?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4601.432,4602.426"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: 12. Через два дня девочка умерла. [Пауза] Они ей сделали—мне говорил знакомый врач, не знаю, правда это или нет,—что ещё неизвестно [неразборчиво, помехи].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4602.426,4618.577"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] This concludes Spool 112. The interviewee is Fira Monk [unclear, technical tape disruption]. Illinois Institute of Technology wire recording.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4618.577,4632.734"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: This is apparently Spool 9-113, 9-dash-1-1-3 [pronounces separately]. The original identification as Spool 114 is apparently incorrect. Boder, Chicago. October, 1950.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4632.734,4666.027"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: This is Spool 114. Paris, September the 7th, 1946. We continue from Spool 111 and 112. The interviewee is Ms. Fira Monk, an executive secretary...ah...of the Paris office of the ORT.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4666.027,4684.996"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In Russian] Фира, скажите мне вот что. Значит, Вы мне говорили о известных случаях, которые...или известные истории, которые Вы слышали от тех возвратившихся депорти, которых Вы интервьюировали. Эээ...имеете ли Вы какие-нибудь другие?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4684.996,4709.725"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я сказала...у меня очень много есть, но я дала этим людям слово, что я не буду рассказывать.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4709.725,4716.683"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Вы ж не называете имён!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4716.683,4718.713"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я не знаю. Но Вы знаете, у меня такое [неразборчиво], что я обещала...трудно сказать. Я Вам скажу только одно: что все эти люди всегда возвращаются к тому же. Что это было страшно, что это было так, что ни одна человеческая фантазия не может себе представить. Ложились спать рядом с человеком, ночью случилось, что ваш сосед холодеет и утром ваш сосед начинал разлагаться. Но вы не обращали на этого...на это внимания. И спали рядом с ним. Потому что его порция хлеба продолжала выдаваться. И тогда люди дрались за кусок хлеба. Я говорила с одним мальчиком. Ему 16 лет. Он мне сказал: «Слушайте, мои руки обагрены кровью. И это полицейская кровь немцев, на них есть еврейская кровь. Я убивал людей за кусок хлеба. Я убивал людей за лишнюю одежду». Я ему сказала: «Я не могу тебя винить, потому что я не знаю, как бы я была на твоём месте. Ты должен об этом забыть». Он говорит: «Нет, забыть нельзя. [Неразборчиво] я должен помнить». [Неразборчиво] эти страшные вещи. Я думаю, что Вы их достаточно слышали. Есть же люди, которые забывали. [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4718.713,4789.051"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Я бы хотел Ваше мнение. Я думаю, что женщины не всегда были очень откровенны со мной. Я имею такие принципы. Я думаю, что они были более откровенны с Вами.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4789.051,4798.927"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4798.927,4799.168"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А с другой стороны, это необычайно важно, чтобы эти факты записались не потому, что...эээ...в виде науки немедленно можно всё брать на веру...но они могут служить указателями или...эээ...так сказать...эээ...директивами для дальнейших исследований.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4799.168,4827.003"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я понимаю. Я Вам скажу, что большинство женщин, с которыми я говорила, это в большей части молодые девушки. Они мне говорили все: «Мы не вернулись в таком виде, в каком мы уехали». Т.е. они, очевидно, все, не смотря на расеншанде, не смотря на запреты об общении с еврейскими женщинами...ведь в начале, до того, как их брили для того, чтобы они приобретали нечеловеческий вид, они ещё были теми же хорошенькими молодыми девушками, которых забирали. Я понимаю, что до определённого периода ими всеми пользовались немцы, а потом, когда они...если они не заболевали или если они проходили определённый стаж, то они превращались в тех же вьючных животным, в тех же рабов. Это бывали лагери как [неразборчиво], где женщины работали, а они работали как скоты. Они—старые арестанты говорили,—они до того воняли, на них были все эти паразиты, что на них никто не смотрел, к ним близко нельзя было подступиться. Так что я не думаю, что такая женщина могла соблазнить самого незадачливого немецкого солдата.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4827.003,4889.832"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4889.832,4890.893"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Но я думаю, что боль...самый...что больший процент молодых девушек всё-таки прошёл через именно это унижение. Потому что они все мне говорили: «Есть такая болезнь, такая болезнь». Я их отправляла к врачам, я часто с ними ходила к врачу. И большей частью, это были венерические болезни.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4890.893,4912.833"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: С другой стороны, мне кажется, что немцы необычайно следили за тем, чтобы их солдаты не имели бы венерических болезней?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4912.833,4922.62"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да. Они ведь каждые два дня...эти женщины из этих домов...они осматривались врачами. Там были замечательные гигиенические условия. Стояла вода, и после того немцам давалось чистое полотенце. Чистая вода не давалась. Все знали, что, не смотря на полотенце, через воду шла зараза. Ведь солдат, до того, как он входил к женщине, получал специальную пилюлю.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4922.62,4944.417"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Какую?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4944.417,4945.411"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: А я не знаю.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4945.411,4946.164"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: В смысле, это медицинское...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4946.164,4947.43"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да, да, да. Какое-то привентивное.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4947.43,4949.972"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ага, привентивное.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4949.972,4950.876"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да. Но [неразборчиво] очень трудно. Даже со мной эти женщины...они как-то закрываются. Я...я Вам говорю, что я их не спрашивала. Но когда тема приходила, я им говорила: «Вы мне говорите как на духу, считайте меня своей сестрой, своей матерью, если они были моложе меня. Говорите со мной так, чтоб вам стало легче. Скажите. Ведь иногда, когда поплачешь, станет легче». И некоторые из них говорили [неразборчиво] сказала, приблизительно всё одно и то же: [Неразборчиво] «один солдат, другой держал», «четыре солдата за руки и за ноги», «возле него лежал пулемёт», «всего 12 человек». Очень многие были изнасилованы после. К сожалению...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4950.876,4990.357"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: После чего?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4990.357,4991.273"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: После событий в Ницце. Даже американцами, англичанами и русскими. Это мне говорили женщины. Я думаю, что я могу им верить. На войне так и человек приобретает животный вид и животные повадки. Мне говорила одна французская девушка молодая—её депортировали за политические убеждения—и когда её освободили, она была освобождена русскими, её изнасиловало 25 человек. [Пауза] Она была в Тулузе. Её направили потом в больницу. [Неразборчиво] направил её в больницу, и мне говорили—я этого не видела,—мне говорили, что ей нужно было сделать вообще операции, нужно было всё удалить. Она [неразборчиво]. Мужчины тоже, вообще, у мужчин гораздо труднее. Вы знаете, что и как. Но то, что меня страшно удивляло, что в лагерях были случаи рождения детей. Правда, если жен...дети рождались, немцы приказывали их, конечно, удушивать.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4991.273,5044.139"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Может быть, это было рождение детей от женщин, которые забеременовали раньше?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5044.139,5048.718"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да. Но одно время тогда туда не депортировали беременных женщин. Их прятали...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5048.718,5053.549"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А они могли не знать [неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5053.549,5056.531"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет, многие даже вообще фальшиво доказывали, что они беременные. [Пауза] Но бывали случаи, которые женщины уже сидели там два года, рожали там, на месте, ребёнка, и этого ребёнка приканчивали тут же. Некоторым, очень маленькому проценту, удалось спасти их младенца. Я знаю одну женщину, которая уехала не беременной, и которая вернулась с ребёнком оттуда. Я никак не могла добиться, каким образом она вообще забеременела. Я просто поставила вопрос: «Скажите мне, каким образом, если мужские...мужские и женские лагеря были в самом далеке друг от друга, как они всё-таки могли пробиться к друг другу». Она улыбнулась и сказала: «Знаешь, когда кого-нибудь любишь, то там нет никаких преград». Оказывается, она там имела человека, с которым она вернулась.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5056.531,5098.288"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5098.288,5098.963"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Но я до сегодня не могу понять, [неразборчиво]. А другие...я...во-первых, они там...я думаю, что они там не могли беременеть лишь потому, что они моментально...что у них моментально пропадала менструация.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5098.963,5111.505"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Как...я уже слышал об этом.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5111.505,5113.885"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да. Я Вам щас расскажу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5113.885,5115.132"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5115.132,5115.536"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Даже в лагере Гюрсе, когда...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5115.536,5117.596"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Каком лагере?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5117.596,5118.53"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Гюрс. Это на юге Франции, возле испанской границы тоже. Сюда сажали женщин—австриек, немок, полек. Это уже с 39-го года.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5118.53,5128.452"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Не евреев?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5128.452,5129.85"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Не евреев и евреев. Это был общий лагерь, хотя когда его освобождали, евреи там оставались.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5129.85,5134.41"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Угу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5134.41,5134.862"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И вот в первую очередь у женщин прекращалась менструация. Я тогда работала вместе с ОЗЕ, как секретарша ОРТа [неразборчиво]. И мы решили им послать всякие лекарства, и конечно, большое количество ваты и предохранительных [неразборчиво]. И мне одна приятельница ответила: “Не посылай. Мне совершенно ничего не нужно, все стоят здесь». Я боюсь, что это какая-то нервная связка или же питание недостаточное. Но мне сказала одна девушка, которая вернулась из депортации, что когда она туда приехала, ей дали выпить какую-то белую жидкость.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5134.862,5166.994"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5166.994,5167.669"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Другая мне рассказала, что ей дали выпить какую-то красную жидкость. [Пауза] И ещё одна женщина сказала, что ей сделали вспрыскивание в ногу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5167.669,5175.482"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5175.482,5176.115"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И у них моментально прекращалася кровь.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5176.115,5178.597"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Моментально же не может быть?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5178.597,5179.422"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Т.е. в течение месяца уже ничего не было.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5179.422,5182.675"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И это что? Осталось навсегда?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5182.675,5184.483"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет. Эээ...почти у всех это вернулось. У некоторых это было хуже, у некоторых лучше, но большинство...все, которых я спрашивала через несколько месяцев после возвращения, они мне говорили, что стали опять уже нормальными женщинами.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5184.483,5196.483"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Т.е....как это...они не менструировали в лагере?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5196.483,5199.164"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ни в одном.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5199.164,5200.923"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Тогда это может быть...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5200.923,5202.73"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я думаю...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5202.73,5203.182"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . вода, они голодные...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5203.182,5205.351"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: От голода. Это может быть от голода, может быть эти жуткие условия, этот холод, быть всё может. То, что им давали эти...эээ...всякие жидкости пить или вспрыскивать—я не знаю, что это такое. Можно сказать...они простые женщины [неразборчиво] из еврейского гетто. Молодые, которые вообще не знают, что с ними происходит. Я никак не могла добиться, [неразборчиво] с врачами мне удалось говорить потом и вряд ли какой-нибудь нормальный думающий врач мог узнать, что такое могли дать. Ещё я не знала. Но, во всяком случае, они не...[неразборчиво] он не хотят говорить. Они [неразборчиво], мне сказала одна ученица нашей школы. Она говорит: «Я никак не могу понять, как я всё это пережила...» Ей 19 лет, она была депортирована 6 лет. Она была в Аушвице, она была в Мальтхаузене, она была в [неразборчиво]. Вообщем, она проделала весь цикл. Она безумно [неразборчиво]. Она весит, кажется, 85 кило. И это совершенно неестественный вес. И она мне говорит: «Я никак не могу понять, каким образом я осталась жива после...всего того, что я пережила». Я ей скажу: «Скажи мне, тебя немцы трогали? Они с тобой что-нибудь сделали? Потому что, если тебя изнасиловали, я с тобой пойду к врачу, тебя вылечат». А она говорит: «Значит, я об этом даже не хочу говорить». [Неразборчиво] Да или нет? Я же...если с ней что-нибудь произошло...она не хочет мне рассказать, я не знаю. [Пауза]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5205.351,5301.044"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Скажите...скажите вот что: Вы говорили про какого-то сына сиониста, который [неразборчиво]. Кто это?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5301.044,5310.231"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Это Гринбаум.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5310.231,5311.458"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Гринбаум. Что Вы знаете?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5311.458,5313.296"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я знаю только то, что мне рассказывали. Он был депортирован как коммунист. Он всегда со своим отцом спорил на политические темы. Его отец—очень видный деятельный сионист. Он...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5313.296,5322.585"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Отец его в Палестине?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5322.585,5324.242"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Отец его в Палестине. Сидит, арестованный англичанами.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5324.242,5327.146"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5327.146,5327.459"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: А сын здесь сидит, арестованный французскими властями.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5327.459,5329.989"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. А в качестве чего?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5329.989,5330.983"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: В качестве негодяя, потому что он вернулся из депортации, был депортирован. Его отец был начальник. Когда он вернулся, отец был счастлив. И это было здесь, в каком-то офисе, я даже не знаю точно, в каком. Но молодой человек пришёл к своему отцу, счастье было очень велико. И там было два господина, вернувшихся из депортации. Когда они увидели молодого Гринбаума, они на него напали и избили его как собаку, и сказали, что он негодяй. Оказалось, что он был капо. Капо—это был такой заведующий.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5330.983,5356.576"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, да. Но было же много капо.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5356.576,5358.353"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Было очень много капо. Но бывали всякие капо. Мне рассказали интересный ещё случай, что там было три капо: один голландец, один француз, один еврей. Немецкий еврей. И—это мне, к сожалению, не очень хорошо рассказать, но это нужно,—и вот в силу какой-то [неразборчиво] попало колечко. Тогда взяли всех женщин в лагере, и их осмотрели гинекологически. Осматривали эти три капо.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5358.353,5383.692"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это были женщины-капо?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5383.692,5385.289"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет, это было трое мужчин.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5385.289,5386.897"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ах, эти три...трое мужчины осматривали...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5386.897,5388.403"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: . . . осматривали женщин. Арестованных женщин. И француз, и бельгиец ничего не нашли, а еврей вытащил колечко.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5388.403,5394.669"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5394.669,5395.886"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Тогда велели ему осмотреть всех остальных. Я не знаю, вытащил ли он и другие вещи или нет, мне об этом не говорили. И это видел француз, который вернулся. И тогда [неразборчиво] “Вы евреи». Предложили ему папиросу, дали ему кусочек шоколада. Он поднялся в [неразборчиво]. Бельгиец был убит. Как он был убит? А француз оказался [неразборчиво], на ней были такие шрамы, что на это было страшно смотреть.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5395.886,5419.844"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это был один из этих капо?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5419.844,5421.754"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Один из этих капо.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5421.754,5423.362"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5423.362,5424.387"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ну, вот. Я видела испанцев. Там было очень большое количество испанских социалистов депортировано. Те, которые бежали из фашистской Испании во время войны, сидели здесь, на юге Франции в разных лагерях. И потом их скопом отправили. И вот мне один—это было на вокзале с...т.е....ммм...на приёмочной в Тулузе—он снял свою рубаху, снял свои брюки и показал мне своё тело. У него на груди шёл шрам в три пальца шириной, в полпальца глубиной. Это его полоснуло лопатой. На спине у него была дырка, в которую свободно можно было поместить маленький палец, доходила до рёбер. Это его ударили киркой. У него было двенадцать огнестрельных ран, или больше—я даже не знаю. У него не было, что называется, живого места на теле. Это потому что он, как коммунист, он попал в арестантский лагерь, в котором сидели—это было [неразборчиво]—и это на него там нашли лопатой, киркой, пулемётами, всем, чем хотите. Он чудом выжил. Мне говорили об одной женщине, которая была депортирована, и она выжила. А выжила она следующим образом. Её втолкнули в газовую камеру первой, за ней втолкнули остальных. Она упала, когда начался газ. И на неё навалились остальные трупы. И когда они начали выгребать, она, правда, была в бессознательном состоянии, но она была жива. Эта женщина теперь здесь. Там происходили самые невероятные вещи. Вот мне рассказали об одной женщине,—она из Тулузы была [неразборчиво]. Её забрали с ребёнком, которому было 8 месяцев. Она вернулась с ребёнком 17 месяцев. Каким образом она его спасла, она и сама не знает. Она его держала в мусоре, под юбкой, и вообщем, она его кормила, чем хотите. И вскармливала его этим кошмарным, простите за выражение, супом. Это была вода, помои, в которых плавало несколько листочков. Мне рассказывали мальчики, что одного из них приставили следить за собаками. Вы знаете, там были собаки специальные, дрессированные. И одна собака чуть не сдохла с голоду, потому что она съела её похлёбку. Он ей отдавал свою похлёбку. Я разговаривала с одним молодым человеком. Его фальшивое имя было Жебер. [Неразборчиво]: «Я не хочу [неразборчиво] собаки». «Такая чудная маленькая собака». Он говорит: «Я не могу видеть собак». Я говорю: «Почему?» Он говорит: «После того, как я видел своими глазами, как собака растерзала двоих детей, а вы хотите, чтобы я когда-нибудь в жизни трогал собаку?!» Я ему говорю: «[неразборчиво] специально дрессированную собаку!» А он: «Всё равно, сколько собаку не дрессируй...» Я говорю: «Вы не можете смотреть на людей? [Неразборчиво]” А он говорит: «Люди—[неразборчиво]» [Длинная пауза] Ну, а те, которые вернулись сюда...я Вам скажу, они все, конечно, изувечены на всю жизнь. Мне говорил директор одного детского дома в [неразборчиво], что ночью у них ужасные кошмары.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5424.387,5608.246"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: У детей?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5608.246,5609.041"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: У детей, да. Они кричат, их нужно отпаивать бромом, у них бывают такие...эээ...припадки ребелье—протеста. Вдруг они не хотят чего-то делать. Я один раз пришла к ним в этот детский дом просить у них маленькое [неразборчиво] атлетическое. Я, значит, прихожу и прошу, чтоб они для наших учеников сделали маленький спектакль. Я им говорю: «Господа, в субботу мы устраиваем вечер. Вы наши желанные гости. Я была бы вам очень благодарна, если бы вы нам рассказали стихи, потанцевали». «Нет, мы не хотим». Ну, я им говорю: «Вы знаете, я приехала специально из Парижа вас спросить». «Нет, мы не хотим. Ни за что. Что такое? Какие распоряжения, были какие-то?» «Пожалуйста». Я была со своим коллегой [неразборчиво], я говорю ему: «Слушай [неразборчиво], а если поговорить с ними по-человечески, как брат с братом?» Он пошёл. Он говорит: «Зачем вы обижаете [неразборчиво]? Она же приехала специально из Парижа. [Неразборчиво] Почему вы себя так ведёте?» Поднялся ужасный шум. Что там происходило, у меня появилось ощущение, что они его могут убить. Через 5 мин. вдруг так [неразборчиво] так это прошло, они ко мне подошли, они меня уже обнимали, они уже меня целовали. Они в субботу приехали. У нас был один из самых лучших вечеров нашего клуба. Они были совершенно изумительно: они пели песенки, они танцавали, они импровизировали. И все были счастливы—и исполнители, и слуша...эээ...эти...слушатели. Так что, они [неразборчиво]. И живут они ещё теперь в ужасных условиях. Еврейские организации делают всё, что они хотят, но, к сожалению, чистоты нету. Тут есть один дом, в котором они живут. Там безумная грязь, и они мне говорили: «Мы вышли из лагеря для того, чтобы попасть во второй лагерь». Там клопов больше, чем...ммм...счастья.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5609.041,5726.708"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это где? На...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5726.708,5727.943"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ру де Руди. Я не должна этого говорить, потому что...[говорит с улыбкой]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5727.943,5730.594"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, да. Дело, видите ли, вот в чём. Вот, например, я был здесь в одном доме на...Вам всё равно, где...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5730.594,5741.6"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5741.6,5743.106"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . . . и живут так же, как и в Бухенвальде. Неужели нельзя было достать простыней на...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5743.106,5752.263"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Мы не можем иметь простыней, и я Вам скажу, почему. Тут всё продается с пунктами. На чёрном рынке безумно дорого. Мы должны платить по три-четыре тысячи франков за простыню.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5752.263,5761.673"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А...а заказать в Америке?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5761.673,5764.456"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: У нас будет та же самая простынь из Америки. То, что нам прислали из Америки—это стыд и срам.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5764.456,5769.396"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Угу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5769.396,5770.523"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нас поставили в очередь в комити. Мы получили...ОРТ получил...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5770.523,5774.571"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Этот какой комити?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5774.571,5775.264"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Комити [говорит название по-французски]—это международный комитет помощи беженцам.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5775.264,5779.493"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5779.493,5779.836"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Мы получили два эшелона вещей. Это уже были разобранные, сортированные вещи. Я провела полтора месяца на сортировке сортированных вещей. Меня искусали блохи. Моя коллега отказалась мне помогать. Она говорит, что она задыхается от вони. Я обвязывала себе нос...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5779.836,5798.27"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Из Америки?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5798.27,5798.963"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Из Америки.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5798.963,5799.818"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Мы, например,...когда мы даём вещи, нам говорят: «Давайте всё. Это всё равно будет дезинфицировано, очищено и так далее».","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5799.818,5807.017"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Так. Да. Но эти вещи были в таком состоянии, что там были пятна: от пота, от менструации, от уборной, от всего, что Вы хотите. Это всё нужно было [неразборчиво]. Кроме того, [неразборчиво] это было в самом безобразном виде. Если я выбрала оттуда 200 платьев из двух эшелонов, так это было много. Вещи...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5807.017,5826.252"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Женских вещей?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5826.252,5827.035"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Женских. Для мужчин вообще почти ничего не было. Я должна была раздать половину вещей, да что половину?! 95% вещей я раздала нашему курсу мужских портных, чтобы они учились делать карманы на штанах. Потому что из всего...из всей пары брюк можно было вытащить один карман. Это было безобразие. Это было собрано всеми американскими обществами. Гифт, [неразборчиво] и так далее. Лучше бы они прислали меньше [неразборчиво], а больше лучше вещей.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5827.035,5853.044"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, а тут же военные вещи были? Солдатские вещи? Их нельзя было получить?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5853.044,5859.532"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Эээ...Федерация получила несколько раз какие-то вещи, более или менее приличные. Говорили, что они из Аргентины. Особенно они получили хорошие ботинки. Я с них тоже одевала несколько наших молодых людей, которые были совершенно голые.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5859.532,5871.14"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Какая это федерация?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5871.14,5871.863"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Федерация еврейских обществ Франции.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5871.863,5874.303"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5874.303,5875.357"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Она проделала совершенно изумительную работу во время оккупации. И...затем...депортированные когда приезжали сюда, если они были депортированные из Франции, они получали в офисе 8 тысяч франков наличными и получали кроме того вещи они тоже: костюм, две смены белья и пару обуви.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5875.357,5893.559"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Кто получали эти 8 тысяч франков—французы или какие бы то ни было...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5893.559,5897.806"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Только те, которые были депортированы из Франции.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5897.806,5900.788"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Те получили 8 тысяч и...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5900.788,5902.686"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: 8 тысяч наличными,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5902.686,5904.114"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5904.114,5904.518"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: . . . костюм, пару обучи и две смены белья.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5904.518,5908.626"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: 8 тысяч наличными по самому официальному курсу—это приблизительно 70 долларов.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5908.626,5915.326"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: 70 долларов.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5915.326,5916.392"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. И пару что?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5916.392,5918.471"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И...пару, значит...костюм,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5918.471,5922.067"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5922.067,5922.519"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: . . . пару ботинок,...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5922.519,5923.724"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5923.724,5924.808"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: . . . и две смены белья.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5924.808,5926.375"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Это были какие, новые вещи?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5926.375,5929.188"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да, это были совершенно новые. Они получали специальные купоны. По этим они могли ходить в магазины. Я даже имела следующий случай: одна женщина вернулась из Равенсбрюка...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5929.188,5935.815"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Т.е. они не должны были платить за эти вещи?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5935.815,5938.086"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Как это? Нет, они не платили. Они получали [неразборчиво] и в течение 3 месяцев они имели право на бесплатное лечение. Они получали 15 банок молока сгущённого в месяц, получали двойные...эти...армитационные карточки, продуктовые карточки. Им всё-таки было очень хорошо: вместо 350гр хлеба было 700.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5938.086,5961.129"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это значит те, которые были депортированы из Франции?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5961.129,5964.834"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Двойные...двойные продуктовые карточки получали исключительно все. [Неразборчиво] получали все.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5964.834,5971.34"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5971.34,5971.973"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А франки и...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5971.973,5972.889"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: А франки...деньги получали только те, которые были депортированы из Франции.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5972.889,5976.425"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5976.425,5976.606"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Конечно, взяли...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5976.606,5978.064"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ну, если...если, например, возвращался какой-нибудь департи, который был депортирован из Польши...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5978.064,5984.371"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Он этого не имел.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5984.371,5985.245"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Он не имел франки, но он получал усиленные продукты.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5985.245,5988.239"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5988.239,5988.733"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5988.733,5989.227"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Но он должен был платить за продукты, которые он покупал.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5989.227,5992.703"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: О!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5992.703,5993.137"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Но у него была двойная карточка.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5993.137,5994.504"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Двойная карточка, да?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5994.504,5996.041"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да. Кроме того, они получали от организации помощи депортированным, они получали вместо...ммм...они получали кило сахару, 15 банок сгущённого молока, столько-то салатного масла, 500 грамм масла.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5996.041,6011.324"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Бесплатно?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6011.324,6011.866"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Бесплатно. Я даже ходила помогала одному господину, который не мог носить тяжёлых вещей. Я ему это всё принесла домой—это был очень большой и очень тяжёлый пакет.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6011.866,6021.259"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Это французское правительство...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6021.259,6023.139"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Это французское. Это министерство [неразборчиво] давало им.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6023.139,6025.982"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6025.982,6027.368"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Ну, а что касается жизненных условий, то я вообще не могу обвинить никого, потому что тут жилищный кризис очень велик. Платяной кризис ещё больше. Заработные возможности очень малы. То, что люди зарабатывают, не соответствует прожиточному минимуму. Так что я совершенно не могу обвинять организации, которые имеют столько людей у себя на голове, [неразборчиво] что человеку нужно, по крайней мере, 8 тысяч франков в месяц, чтобы он жил более или менее прилично, а организация может дать максимум две тысячи—это самое большее [неразборчиво]. Так что как хотите. И не все люди в состоянии работать. Нужно считаться с тем, что они приехали в страшном физическом состоянии.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6027.368,6075.164"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Эээ...скажите, Фира, вот что: что, Вы думаете, получится из всех этих людей, которые тут в ОРТе и во всех этих организациях- дети и прочее?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6075.164,6088.067"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я Вам скажу. ОРТ—единственная организация, которая не воспитывает...этих...ммм...попрошаек. Мы им даём возможность работать и возможность зарабатывать. Мы им даём в руки труд. Я думаю, что это самый ценный багаж, который вообще можно дать в руки молодому человеку. К сожалению, очень многие из них пока, я подчёркиваю именно, что пока, потому что я надеюсь, что это измениться со временем, они пока вообще считают, что работать не нужно. Что организации на то и есть, чтобы их содержать. И это вполне естественно. Эти люди выбиты совершенно из колеи. Их забрали, когда им было 14-15 лет. Они жили в таких нечеловеческих условиях. Их слишком заставляли работать. Они слишком тяжело работали ни за что и ни про что. И вот теперь, когда им говорят: «Ты должен научиться какому-нибудь ремеслу, чтобы работать», у них первая реакция: «Как?! Работать?! Мы достаточно работали. Теперь на нас должны работать». Но постепенно это всё-таки стушовывается. Мы им даём всё, что мы можем дать. Мы им даём любовь, ласку; мы им даём [неразборчиво]. Наши педагоги подходят к каждому из молодых, которые у нас учатся, как к своему собственному ребёнку. Мы их называем нашими детьми. Мы их любим, мы их искренне любим. Мы следим за ними не только в смысле образования, мы следим за ними в смысле физическом и в смысле моральном. Дети научаються любить этот дом. Мы устраиваем для них все развлечения—у нас есть клуб. Они выходят, они занимаются спортом, Мы направляем их к чтению, мы обучаем их различным языкам. И вот дети мало-помалу втягиваются в эту нормальную жизнь. Я их всех называю детьми именно потому, что я считаю, что они потеряли столько лет, столько времени—они остаются на том же уровне, на котором они ушли. Есть мальчик, которого...или девочка...которого забрали 14 лет, который за эти 5 лет ничего, кроме плохого, не приобрёл. Немцы ведь сделали всё, что могли, чтобы уничтожить в них человеческий облик. И теперь, когда мы видим, что дети превращаются, что они начинают любить своё ремесло...У нас есть один мальчик. Он сделал себе аппарат. Это...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6088.067,6223.276"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это какой аппарат?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6223.276,6224.162"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Это...это радио.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6224.162,6225.198"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6225.198,6225.77"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И аппарат был назначен на выставку. Мы не могли его ещё отдать. Он приходил и просил разрешение приходить каждое воскресение послушать свой аппарат. И ясно, мы ему дали разрешение. Наша дворничиха давала ему ключ, он заходил в ателье радио, он садился, он закрывал окна, и он слушал свой собственный аппарат.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6225.77,6247.875"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А вот скажите мне вот что: где бы эти мальчики хотели бы работать во Франции? Как с этими разрешениями работать для иммигрантов?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6247.875,6258.61"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Разрешение работать следующее. Когда иностранец хочет получить работу, его патрон должен ему выдать свидетельство, что он его принимает на службу на таких-то и таких-то условиях. С этим свидетельством идут в министерство труда. Посылается оттуда человек, который делает анкету о том, правда...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6258.61,6279.947"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Исследование?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6279.947,6280.881"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Исследование....правда ли это, и в 98% получается разрешение. Особенные поблажки теперь делаются именно беженцам. Я слышала позавчера следующее. Будто бы Франция согласна впустить обратно ровно такое же количество иностранных беженцев, как были отсюда забраны, т.е. 120 тысяч человек. [Пауза]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6280.881,6304.964"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Т.е. как? Сколько людей было забрано?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6304.964,6306.711"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6306.711,6307.103"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это беженцев было забрано?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6307.103,6308.519"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Столько людей.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6308.519,6309.374"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6309.374,6309.947"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Т.е. беженцев было забрано 90 тысяч, а французских евреев—30 тысяч.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6309.947,6314.658"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. 30 тысяч. Скажите, сколько осталось евреев во Франции?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6314.658,6319.67"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Если я не ошибаюсь, 14 тысяч. Я не знаю точно.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6319.67,6321.959"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6321.959,6322.441"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6322.441,6322.803"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так вот. Скажите, из всех тех, которых увезли работать в Германию французов, всего 120 тысяч не вернулось?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6322.803,6331.038"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет! Забрали евреев 120 тысяч.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6331.038,6334.815"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6334.815,6335.026"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: А французов забрали около полумиллиона.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6335.026,6337.387"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6337.387,6337.719"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И из евреев вернулось 6 тысяч. Из 6 тысяч детей, которых забрали, вернулось 60, а из 120 тысяч взрослых вернулось 6 тысяч. А французов забирали на принудительные работы.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6337.719,6350.171"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [Неразборчиво] И французы готовы теперь впустить 100 тысяч евреев?!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6350.171,6354.31"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да. 120 тысяч.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6354.31,6355.708"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: 120 тысяч евреев?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6355.708,6357.437"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Беженцев. Евреев-беженцев.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6357.437,6359.045"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Из евреев?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6359.045,6359.48"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да, еврейских беженцев.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6359.48,6360.823"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6360.823,6361.799"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Было об...я надеюсь, что это правда. Я не знаю.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6361.799,6363.98"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это приблизительно то количество, которое [неразборчиво] теперь в Палестине?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6363.98,6367.697"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да. Я не знаю, я боюсь сказать об этом что-нибудь. Мне об этом говорили. Я хочу на днях зайти к одному...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6367.697,6375.721"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Это слух?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6375.721,6376.896"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Это не слух. Это мне сказал человек, которые очень часто мне давал правильные сведения.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6376.896,6382.691"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6382.691,6383.023"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я хочу на днях зайти к одному господину из министерства, и я хочу его спросить, правда ли это. Потому что это было бы очень интересно. Тогда для ОРТа начинается здесь очень большая и осень интересная работа. Потому что большинство из них нуждается в [неразборчиво, очень тихо].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6383.023,6400.083"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: И значит, они их впустят? Это не то, что временно. Они им позволят тут жить и тут устроиться.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6400.083,6406.047"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да, они смогут здесь жить. Те, которые захотят иммигрировать в Палестину или в Америку, ясно, Франция не будет ставить палки в колёса, если эти страны их не оставят. Так. Во Франции вообще живётся им свободно. Что хочу, то и делаю.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6406.047,6421.354"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Да. Т.е. как? Человек, который тут временно, может тут работать?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6421.354,6427.378"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Теперь...теперь, если приезжает какой-нибудь беженец—значит, либо депортированный, либо оставшийся из Польши или из других стран, он приезжает сюда в качестве [неразборчиво] в Америку, например.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6427.378,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=0.0,6440.385"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И он должен ждать 6 месяцев.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6440.385,6442.529"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Угу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6442.529,6443.071"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Тогда он просит временное право на работу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6443.071,6445.24"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6445.24,6445.571"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И он получает его. Вчера у меня был в бюро один господин, который хочет научиться делать сумки. И ему на это тоже...потому что в ОРТ ему тоже нужно право на работу. Потому что...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6445.571,6458.143"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Т.е. в то время, когда он учится, ему надо право на работу?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6458.143,6460.523"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да. Да, да, потому что он взрослый. Он не может сойти за подмастерье [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6460.523,6465.927"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6465.927,6466.27"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Он должен иметь право на работу, потому что его хозяин обязан ему платить.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6466.27,6470.819"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6470.819,6472.217"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Для того, чтобы не вышло, что он сидит на шее у французского правительства.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6472.217,6476.416"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Угу.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6476.416,6476.759"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: И хозяин ему даст свидетельство, что он у него обучается ремеслу и получает за это половинный тариф. И он получит [неразборчиво] рабочую карточку [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6476.759,6491.006"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А скажите, как в [неразборчиво] союзе относятся к этим беженцам и заботе об этих беженцах?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6491.006,6496.91"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Они всячески их поддерживают. Они стараются им найти работу, они очень их защищают, они защищают их интересы. Они всеми силами стараются, чтобы эти люди забыли всё то, через что они прошли.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6496.91,6511.952"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А что, разве во Франции нет безработицы теперь? Эти проходящие конкурируют с ними?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6511.952,6518.037"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Я Вам скажу, есть отрасли, в которых вакансии нет, безработицы вообще. Но есть другие...эээ...французы вообще...эээ...такой настоящей безработицы, как вы её понимаете в Америке, вот идеальной...идеальной безработицы—у нас этого нет.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6518.037,6536.513"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Скажите мне ещё один вопрос: что тут за недоразумение происходит с квартирами?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6536.513,6541.457"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: С квартирами...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6541.457,6542.149"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: С возвращением квартир тем, которые были депортированы?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6542.149,6547.188"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: [Пауза] Это тоже немножечко относится к области антисемитизма. Потому что квартиры, которые...в которых раньше жили евреи, которые...или вообще те евреи депортированные, были заняты во время их отсутствия кем-нибудь другим. Теперь. Вышел, к сожалению, закон, что если в этой квартире сидит француз, а вернувшийся—иностранец, то иностранец не имеет права выселить француза, потому что француз у себя в стране, а иностранец—только гость.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6547.188,6579.451"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Его гость?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6579.451,6580.656"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Его...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6580.656,6580.969"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: А французским евреям возвращают вообще?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6580.969,6584.343"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Да, возвращают. Гораздо больше. Хотя у меня есть один приятель-врач. Он французский еврей. Его квартира была занята. Он был в Швейцарии всё время. Его квартира была занята, его квартира занята, его квартира будет занята, и он сидит у какой-то знакомой дамы, никак не может найти, где поселиться, потому что нужно отдать очень большие суммы. Это послевоенное время [неразборчиво].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6584.343,6609.471"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Т.е. как «стоит больших денег»? [Неразборчиво]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6609.471,6611.941"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Нет.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6611.941,6613.447"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Квартир нет?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6613.447,6614.291"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Квартир нет. Разрушили очень много домов. Очень много беженцев за пределами Франции, которые ещё не могут вернуться. [Неразборчиво] большое количество домов переделаны в военные учреждения, даже вашими американскими.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6614.291,6628.58"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Так. Ну, госпожа Фира Монк, это было очень интересный рапорт, и я думаю, после того, как мы тут сделаем транскрипцию...эээ...разберём это, так сказать, по косточкам, у нас останется очень много...нет, не Вас...очень много важного материала.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6628.58,6649.531"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Спасибо.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6649.531,6650.194"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] This concludes the interview with Ms. Fira Monk, an executive secretary in the offices of ORT for a number of years...ahh...who passed the whole time of the crisis in France. We are having here a...first-hand information about several situations in France, and to some extent some data from some leads from people who she has interviewed. Paris, September the 7th, 1946. Illinois Institute of Technology wire recording. Thank you very much. [Pause]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6650.194,6692.232"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6692.232,6694.19"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Now is there anything you want to say in English to the Americans?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6694.19,6697.804"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: I would like only to say that...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6697.804,6699.672"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: From the people of the ORT?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6699.672,6701.19"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: From the people of the ORT—a “Hello!”—I don’t know we say it. [unintelligible]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6701.19,6706.491"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Yes, well. What do you think should the Americans do for the ORT?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6706.491,6711.16"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: Everything they can. And everything they should. They saw our work here and I hope that they liked it. And I hope they will continue to help us to do a better work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6711.16,6723.28"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Do a better job?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6723.28,6724.395"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: A better job, yes. [Unclear] we have too much happening [unclear, very soft voice]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6724.395,6740.13"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Adopt in what sense?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6740.13,6742.732"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: To ah...their father and mother to take them home. If they can...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6742.732,6746.588"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: To take them to America?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6746.588,6747.594"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fira Monk: To take them to America. To take them in their houses. And to give for them a real father and mother. I think it would be best [unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6747.594,6765.305"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: This concludes Spool 114 [incorrect, this is Spool 113]. I am reading in the sign of now [?] by checking the spool in Chicago. October, the 9th, 1950. The spool...this spool was somehow miscataloged and it had the name of Miss Kuechler. We’ll check on the next spool and see whether Miss Kuechler starts on that one. Project MH156, Boder.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6765.305,6781.701"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Russian [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/transcript/8200/annotation/1362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/008/200/original/fira-monk_ru_en.vtt?1583318379","format":"text/vtt","language":"ru"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/008/200/original/fira-monk_ru_en.vtt?1583318379"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["monkF_annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=0.0,31.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/GrandHotel\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/GrandHotel\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=0.0,31.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=0.0,31.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=0.0,31.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=31.0,41.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=95.0,109.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=176.0,192.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vienna\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vienna\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=193.0,198.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=193.0,198.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMonk and her family were among the estimated 100,000 Jews of eastern European origin who had immigrated to France from the early twentieth century on. Nowhere in the interview is there a mention of her father or a husband. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=199.0,211.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMany eastern European Jews who came to France during the inter-war period were left wing. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=214.0,223.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=223.0,237.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=237.0,272.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\"La Drole de Guerre,\" also called the \"Phony War,\" was the period between the defeat of Poland in early October 1939 and the Nazi assault on Denmark and Norway on April 9, 1940, followed by their attack on Belgium and the Netherlands on May 10, 1940. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=237.0,272.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=237.0,272.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=274.0,318.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=274.0,318.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Lyon\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Lyon\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=274.0,318.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=274.0,318.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=318.0,325.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEighty-four-year-old Philippe Pétain, a World War I military hero (\"the victor of Verdun\") became head of state of the collaborationist Vichy regime following the June 1940 German defeat of France. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=325.0,331.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=336.0,358.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=336.0,358.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003ePierre Laval was the prime minister of the Vichy government from May 1942 until the liberation of France in August 1944. Despite his knowledge of the murderous Nazi \"Final Solution,\" he fully supported the deportation of foreign and stateless Jews from France to extermination centers. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=359.0,364.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=364.0,379.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe bloody Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) was fought between the nationalist and fascist forces of headed by General Francisco Franco (1892-1975) and the Loyalists, who held a variety of anti-fascist political views. Aided by Germany and Italy, Franco's forces triumphed. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=404.0,417.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=419.0,435.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Social Democrats were democratic, moderate socialists, as distinct from the communists. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=437.0,438.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBilbao is the largest city in the Basque region in northern Spain. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bilbao\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bilbao\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=504.0,507.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Soviet Union supplied aid to the anti-fascist forces during the Spanish Civil War. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=509.0,513.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=513.0,519.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=519.0,546.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=519.0,546.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe so-called \"Free Zone\" or unoccupied zone was the part of France controlled by the Vichy government following the French defeat by Germany in June 1940. Centered in the area south of the Loire River, it included about two-fifths of the country while the Germans controlled all of the northern part of France and the Atlantic coast. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=519.0,546.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBeginning in the summer of 1942, deportations of Jews began to Nazi extermination centers began from both the occupied and unoccupied zones of France. The Vichy administration and the French police played a crucial role in the round-ups and deportations. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=519.0,546.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=519.0,546.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=559.0,565.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Germans occupied the Vichy-controlled zone of France on November 11, 1942 after the Allied landings in North Africa. The occupation did not occur when the United States entered the war in Europe, which took place on December 11, 1941 when Germany declared war on the United States four days after Pearl Harbor. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=578.0,582.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=583.0,599.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Moulins\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Moulins\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=583.0,599.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Moulins\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Moulins\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=583.0,599.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=599.0,604.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe initial deportations in France targeted foreign and stateless Jews. The Vichy regime attempted to protect native French Jews from deportation. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=621.0,636.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=621.0,636.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=641.0,667.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=683.0,686.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=686.0,704.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe closest internment camp to Marseille was Les Milles. It was opened in September 1939 after France's declaration of war on Germany for the detention of German and Austrian nationals. [E.L.]/p\u0026gt;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Les-Milles\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Les-Milles\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=686.0,704.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=705.0,721.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOSE: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Oeuvre de Secours aux Enfants, a French Jewish humanitarian organization that saved hundreds of Jewish refugee children in Vichy France during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=705.0,721.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOSE: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Oeuvre de Secours aux Enfants, a French Jewish humanitarian organization that saved hundreds of Jewish refugee children in Vichy France during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=721.0,722.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOSE: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Oeuvre de Secours aux Enfants, a French Jewish humanitarian organization that saved hundreds of Jewish refugee children in Vichy France during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAmong the activities of the OSE was the provision of social and medical assistance to those interned in camps in the Vichy zone. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=722.0,723.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=747.0,847.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Garde Mobile was a special unit of the French police. It conducted extensive searches for Jews for deportation. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=747.0,847.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=747.0,847.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=747.0,847.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eghetto: \u003c/b\u003eA Yiddish word referring to a walled section of a city in which Jews were required to live during the Middle Ages. The concept was revived by the Nazi regime as part of the \"Final Solution\" to the \"Jewish Question.\"\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=747.0,847.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIt was very difficult at the time to imagine the unimaginable. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eghetto: \u003c/b\u003eA Yiddish word referring to a walled section of a city in which Jews were required to live during the Middle Ages. The concept was revived by the Nazi regime as part of the \"Final Solution\" to the \"Jewish Question.\"\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=747.0,847.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vienna\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vienna\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=866.0,895.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=902.0,947.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=947.0,972.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=973.0,981.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRivesaltes was located in southwestern France not far from the city of Perpignan in a mosquito-infested region. The conditions in this internment camp were atrocious. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Rivesaltes\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Rivesaltes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=973.0,981.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=982.0,1043.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Brive-la-Gaillarde\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Brive-la-Gaillarde\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1108.0,1111.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Brive-la-Gaillarde\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Brive-la-Gaillarde\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1112.0,1113.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1113.0,1143.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1143.0,1145.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1145.0,1173.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eHer relatives were most likely sent to Auschwitz, where because of their ages and infirmities they were immediately gassed.[E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1177.0,1223.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1235.0,1258.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1258.0,1374.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1258.0,1374.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOn June 22, 1941, Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union in a surprise attack. Until then, Germany and the Soviet Union had been at peace. Prior to the invasion Soviet citizens were not arrested. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1258.0,1374.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eEvidently at this time ORT was allowed to function by the Vichy regime, and her employment with ORT helped protect her. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1378.0,1431.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Marseille\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1431.0,1494.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEight provinces in mountainous southeastern France and on the French Riviera were under Italian influence following the defeat of France in June 1940. Once the Germans occupied the Italian zone in November 1942, these provinces came under direct Italian rule, including the city of Voiron, located northwest of Grenoble. The Italians sheltered thousands of Jews in their zone until September 1943 when it was taken over by the Germans. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1431.0,1494.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1431.0,1494.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1494.0,1496.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Geneva\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Geneva\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1500.0,1504.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Milice was a paramilitary unit of French fascist volunteers. It became notorious for barbarous acts against the French Resistance and the cold-blooded murder of prominent Jews. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1505.0,1520.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1520.0,1522.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egestap: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1520.0,1522.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1531.0,1555.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn other words, Rostislavski, an ORT official, did a great deal of valuable financial and propaganda work for the organization from neutral Switzerland, whose border he crossed from the Italian-controlled zone of France in January 1943. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1556.0,1574.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Geneva\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Geneva\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1586.0,1594.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1586.0,1594.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1606.0,1669.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIt is unclear when these battles took place. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1606.0,1669.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eNo town with this spelling has been located. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1677.0,1678.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1679.0,1784.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1679.0,1784.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1679.0,1784.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1679.0,1784.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn July 1943, Italian dictator Benito Mussolini fell from power, and on September 8, 1943, Italy switched sides in the war and signed an armistice with the Allies (not Nazi Germany). Following the armistice, the Germans occupied the Italian-controlled zone of France, and raids on Jews and members of the Resistance began. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1679.0,1784.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1855.0,1892.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1910.0,1929.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1910.0,1929.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1931.0,2050.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1931.0,2050.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1931.0,2050.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1931.0,2050.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe \"he\" Madame Monk referred to concerning ORT's activities was Frankel, the head of the local ORT office. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1931.0,2050.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=1931.0,2050.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2050.0,2053.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSome funds were no doubt smuggled to ORT from Switzerland. Some funds might also have been sent to ORT by the UGIF (Union Générale des Israélites de France), which was the overall national representative organization of French Jewry during the Occupation. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2053.0,2144.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAs the war continued, Germany was increasingly faced with a shortage of labor. Some 700,000 Frenchmen were forced to work in Germany after being sent there by the Vichy government. They were among the millions from all over Europe taken into forced labor. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2146.0,2192.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2196.0,2248.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2258.0,2277.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2258.0,2277.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kyiv\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kyiv\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2291.0,2294.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kyiv\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kyiv\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2294.0,2294.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kyiv\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kyiv\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2297.0,2300.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2301.0,2311.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eyeshiva: \u003c/b\u003eAn institution unique to classical Judaism for study of its traditional, central texts. These comprise Torah study, the study of Rabbinic literature (especially the Talmud), Responsa for Jewish observance, and alternatively ethical (Mussar) or mystical (Hasidic philosophy) texts.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2317.0,2325.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2335.0,2361.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2335.0,2361.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2335.0,2361.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2373.0,2395.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2395.0,2408.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2408.0,2416.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2421.0,2429.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2430.0,2464.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2430.0,2464.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2430.0,2464.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2430.0,2464.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2430.0,2464.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThis round-up occurred after the September 1943 take-over of the Italian zone by the Germans. Drancy was the infamous camp located in a suburb of Paris. It was the main transit camp for Jews in France to forced labor and to extermination camps, mainly Auschwitz. Some 65,000 Jews went to their deaths from Drancy. From July 2, 1943 to August 17, 1944, the camp was under the direct control of the SS, headed by Adolf Eichmann's deputy Alois Brunner, who made every effort to send as many Jews as possible to Auschwitz. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2486.0,2504.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2504.0,2506.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2506.0,2509.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2506.0,2509.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2506.0,2509.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2524.0,2533.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2534.0,2544.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2548.0,2607.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2548.0,2607.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2684.0,2690.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe prefect was the chief Vichy administrative official in the district and resided in Grenoble. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2698.0,2752.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2698.0,2752.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2698.0,2752.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMonk is referring to Rabbi Schmierson. Unfortunately, the children he was attempting to hide were found by the fascist militia. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2753.0,2780.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2753.0,2780.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2793.0,2930.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Drancy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2793.0,2930.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2793.0,2930.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2793.0,2930.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2942.0,3081.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2942.0,3081.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2942.0,3081.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2942.0,3081.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2942.0,3081.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=2942.0,3081.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe seven, among them a man of seventy, were tortured and killed in reprisal for the assassination of Jordal. Although the sympathetic French police linked to the Resistance took pictures of the massacre, they could not prevent it. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3087.0,3189.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3206.0,3261.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3263.0,3300.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3321.0,3354.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3357.0,3502.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3357.0,3502.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3357.0,3502.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn fact, Monk's grandmother arrived in Voiron from Nice, where she had been staying. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3357.0,3502.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3518.0,3602.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Vichy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3518.0,3602.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3518.0,3602.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3518.0,3602.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3609.0,3671.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3609.0,3671.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGestapo: \u003c/b\u003eContraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: \"Secret State Police.\" The German internal security police (secret police) under the Nazis, headed by SS chief Heinrich Himmler. Organized in 1933 to protect the regime from political opposition. Often used by Holocaust victims generically to refer to any German police or military unit.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3748.0,3753.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eMonk was referring to the June 6, 1944 D-Day landings by the Allies at Normandy, France, the great invasion of Western Europe. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3766.0,3767.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Volgograd\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Volgograd\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3827.0,3852.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe German Sixth Army surrendered to the Russians, ending the epic battle of Stalingrad, the Germans' worst single defeat on the eastern front and the turning point in the war with the Soviet Union. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Volgograd\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Volgograd\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3855.0,3856.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3880.0,3931.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3880.0,3931.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eOn August 15, 1944, French and American troops landed in southern France and within two weeks captured Marseille and Nice. They then began a rapid advance up the Rhone valley. In southwestern and central France, the Resistance (also referred to as the Maquis) itself brought about liberation as the Germans fled. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3933.0,4033.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3933.0,4033.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3933.0,4033.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=3933.0,4033.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4036.0,4066.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4036.0,4066.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4066.0,4072.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4072.0,4072.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eBy October 1944 most of France had indeed been liberated, but bitter fighting—in which the western Allies, including free French forces under General de Gaulle, took part—continued. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4094.0,4100.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4100.0,4124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4100.0,4124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4100.0,4124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4169.0,4206.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4169.0,4206.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Voiron\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4210.0,4280.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4210.0,4280.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Grenoble\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4210.0,4280.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMaquis: \u003c/b\u003eThe predominantly rural guerrilla bands of the French Resistance.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4281.0,4329.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4281.0,4329.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThere was a brothel in Auschwitz and in several other camps staffed by non-Jewish women to provide sex to selected non-Jewish prisoners in a misguided effort to stimulate prisoner productivity by rewarding certain inmates with visits to the brothel. The brothels in Auschwitz and in other camps are discussed in Das KZ-Bordell: Sexuelle Zwangsarbeit in Nationalsozialistischen Konzentrationslagern (Robert Sommer, Paderborn: Ferdinand Schöningh, 2009). According to this carefully researched work, there were no Jewish women in concentration camp brothels. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4281.0,4329.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4367.0,4388.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4367.0,4388.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIt is possible that these women disguised their identity and worked in brothels for Wehrmacht soldiers. There were hundreds of such brothels all over Europe. Unfortunately, there were those in France who assumed (out of ignorance or anti-Semitic motives) that all Jews who returned from camps had done something dishonorable in order to survive. Survivors had to counter accusations that women had served in brothels and men had been cruel capos or informers. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4397.0,4404.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003epartisans: \u003c/b\u003eParamilitary forces engaged behind the front lines during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4405.0,4423.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4427.0,4442.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4514.0,4524.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4566.0,4601.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Chicago\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Chicago\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4632.0,4666.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4666.0,4684.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4666.0,4684.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4666.0,4684.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe accounts of pseudoscientific medical experiments and death of bunkmates during the night were among the horrors that occurred in Nazi concentration camps. Monk perhaps saw it as her moral duty to remember these stories and through the interview has passed these memories down to us. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4718.0,4789.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Nice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4991.0,5044.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=4991.0,5044.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eWomen who saved babies or became pregnant could have been in slave labor camps. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5056.0,5098.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Gurs\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Gurs\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5115.0,5117.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eGurs, located some fifty miles from the Spanish border in southern France, was the first (April 1939) and one of the largest detention camps established on French soil. Those first incarcerated there were Spanish republican soldiers who crossed the French border after the victory of Franco's forces in the Spanish Civil War. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Gurs\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Gurs\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5118.0,5128.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSome 6,000 Jews were deported from Gurs by way of Drancy to Auschwitz and Sobibor. Only a handful of Jews were left when the camp was liberated in the summer of 1944. Nearly 1,200 Jews died there. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5129.0,5134.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5134.0,5166.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5205.0,5301.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Mauthausen\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Mauthausen\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5205.0,5301.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eZionist: \u003c/b\u003eHaving to do with the international political movement known as Zionism that supports a homeland for the Jewish people in the Land of Israel. The word \"Zionism\" is derived from the word \"Zion\"—one of the names of Jerusalem and the Land of Israel as mentioned in the Bible.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5301.0,5310.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eZionist: \u003c/b\u003eHaving to do with the international political movement known as Zionism that supports a homeland for the Jewish people in the Land of Israel. The word \"Zionism\" is derived from the word \"Zion\"—one of the names of Jerusalem and the Land of Israel as mentioned in the Bible.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5313.0,5322.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003eA term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5330.0,5356.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003eA term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5330.0,5356.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003eA term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5356.0,5358.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003eA term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5358.0,5383.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003eA term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5358.0,5383.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003eA term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5358.0,5383.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003eA term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5358.0,5383.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003eA term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5383.0,5385.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIt is difficult to determine the accuracy of this story. The ring was a hidden valuable pulled out during the so-called gynecological examination. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5388.0,5394.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003eA term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5419.0,5421.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003eA term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. Capos received more privileges than normal prisoners. They were often convicts who were offered this work in exchange for a reduced sentence or parole.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5421.0,5423.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5424.0,5608.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThere is one recorded incident of such an occurrence in an Auschwitz gas chamber. However, the young woman who survived the gas was shot soon after. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5424.0,5608.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Toulouse\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5424.0,5608.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5609.0,5726.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5609.0,5726.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Buchenwald\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5743.0,5752.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5770.0,5774.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAt the end of the war, the UGIF, which had functioned as the representative body of French Jewry during the Occupation, was dissolved. Monk might be referring to the Jewish Committee for Social Action and Reconstruction which clothed, fed and housed thousands of Holocaust survivors. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5871.0,5874.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eRavensbrück was the only Nazi concentration camp for women. It was also a training center for female SS guards and a site for gruesome pseudoscientific medical experiments. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Ravensbruck\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Ravensbruck\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=5929.0,5935.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6075.0,6088.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6088.0,6223.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eContrary to the numbers given here, some 78,000 Jews in France perished during the Holocaust of the approximately 350,000 Jews in the country in June 1940. More than half of these were not French citizens; among them were an estimated 50,000 central European refugees who had come to France from 1933-39 and approximately 50,000 who had fled from Belgium in the wake of the German invasion in May 1940. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6314.0,6319.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eThe greatest single action against Jewish children in France came during the infamous July 1942 round-up and deportation of Jews in Paris. Of the 3,500 children deported to Auschwitz on August 7, 1942, none returned. As has been indicated above, approximately 700,000 Frenchmen worked in Germany as forced laborers during the war. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6337.0,6350.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eIn fact, roughly 35,000 Jewish refugees came to France in the first three years after the war. When added to the already existing French Jewish population, this influx helped to make the French Jewish community the largest in continental Europe. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6361.0,6363.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eAt the time, there were about half a million Jews in Palestine. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6363.0,6367.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6383.0,6400.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6445.0,6458.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eLife was indeed difficult insofar as housing and in other respects in the immediate post-war years in France and elsewhere in Europe. [E.L.]\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6584.0,6609.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6650.0,6692.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6650.0,6692.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6699.0,6701.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6701.0,6706.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eORT: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the Russian, Society for Handicrafts and Agricultural Work. Founded in 1880 by Russian Jews, its goal was to promote and develop vocational training in skilled trades and agriculture among Jews. Following the Holocaust, ORT ran programs in Displaced Persons camps and in western European countries, especially in France.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6706.0,6711.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110/annotation_set/1258/annotation/1612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Chicago\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Chicago\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17655/file/73110#t=6765.0,6781.70919"}]}]}]}