{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/6m3319sb24/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["David P. Boder Interviews George Kaldore, August 31, 1946, Tradate, Italy"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/039/original/IIT_Logo_stack_186_blk.png?1583422043","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1946-08-31"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":[" German (Primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Wire recording"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":[" kaldoreG_9-97_9-98_9-99 (Local)"," kaldoreG_9-97_9-98_9-99_SLP.mp3 (Digital Object ID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":[" Tradate (Italy) (Place of recording)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":[" Interview with George Kaldore conducted by David P. Boder on August 31, 1946 in Tradate, Italy. (Abstract)"," Before Hitler took over Hungary in 1944, young Jews like George Kaldore were excluded from the draft but required to work in factories or special Jewish labor gangs instead. He was working in Budapest when the Germans marched in, and although he had false papers supplied to him by the Zionist underground, he limited their use to visiting his family in the provinces. Using them at all was risky, and instead of posing as a Gentile and chancing discovery, Kaldore gambled that joining one of the Jewish labor battalions would prevent his deportation. He lost. Sent to Auschwitz, Kaldore spent most of his time there at the camp associated with the Buna works at Monowitz, at first digging fortifications for the German Army and then stringing cable in the Buna factory itself. He describes mingling of Gypsies and Jews at the time of his arrival at Birkenau that was not typical and invites further research. He also makes some useful distinctions between his treatment by Wehrmacht and SS men and between Jewish capos, Polish overseers, and professional criminals in the camp hierarchy. It is clear from his unusually lucid narrative that cleaning up for his block senior provided him with extra nourishment that enhanced his chances of living. Kaldore notes that the barracks were infested with fleas and bedbugs, but he credits the Germans with stringent and successful measures to eliminate lice. It was not typhus but an infected foot that landed him in the sick ward at the end of 1944. He must have sensed that the hospital was the safest place for him to be since he feigned slow recovery from an operation to assure a prolonged stay. That is where he was when the SS panicked during the evacuation of the camp and left the sick behind. He was one of only a handful of survivors of Monowitz/Auschwitz III who managed to be liberated by the Red Army in January 1945. Returning with difficulty to his hometown after the war, the twenty-two-year-old survivor went to work for the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, aiding refugees who were in worse shape than he. His interview, held at the kibbutz DP camp at Tradate, Italy, reveals a man refreshingly free from self-pity and eager simply to get on with his life in Palestine. (Commentary from FRESH WOUNDS: EARLY NARRATIVES OF HOLOCAUST SURVIVAL by Donald L. Niewyk. Copyright (c) 1998 by the University of North Carolina Press. Used by permission of the publisher. www.uncpress.unc.edu) (Commentary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":[" World War, 1939-1945--Refugees (Topical)"," Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Personal narratives (Topical)"," World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, Jewish (Topical)"," Szombathely (Hungary) (Geographic)"," Oświęcim (Poland) (Geographic)"," Hatvan (Hungary) (Geographic)"," Monowitz (Concentration camp) (Person Or Corporate Body)"," Birkenau (Concentration camp) (Person Or Corporate Body)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":[" Kaldore, George (Interviewee)"," Boder, David P. (David Pablo), 1886-1961 (Interviewer)"," Platt, Dagmar (Transcriber)"," Boder, David P. (David Pablo), 1886-1961 (Translator)"," English, Eben (Editor)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["oral history"," interview"]}},{"label":{"en":["Inerviewee Nationality"]},"value":{"en":["Hungary"]}},{"label":{"en":["Interviewee Gender"]},"value":{"en":["Male"]}}],"summary":{"en":[" Interview with George Kaldore conducted by David P. Boder on August 31, 1946 in Tradate, Italy."," Before Hitler took over Hungary in 1944, young Jews like George Kaldore were excluded from the draft but required to work in factories or special Jewish labor gangs instead. He was working in Budapest when the Germans marched in, and although he had false papers supplied to him by the Zionist underground, he limited their use to visiting his family in the provinces. Using them at all was risky, and instead of posing as a Gentile and chancing discovery, Kaldore gambled that joining one of the Jewish labor battalions would prevent his deportation. He lost. Sent to Auschwitz, Kaldore spent most of his time there at the camp associated with the Buna works at Monowitz, at first digging fortifications for the German Army and then stringing cable in the Buna factory itself. He describes mingling of Gypsies and Jews at the time of his arrival at Birkenau that was not typical and invites further research. He also makes some useful distinctions between his treatment by Wehrmacht and SS men and between Jewish capos, Polish overseers, and professional criminals in the camp hierarchy. It is clear from his unusually lucid narrative that cleaning up for his block senior provided him with extra nourishment that enhanced his chances of living. Kaldore notes that the barracks were infested with fleas and bedbugs, but he credits the Germans with stringent and successful measures to eliminate lice. It was not typhus but an infected foot that landed him in the sick ward at the end of 1944. He must have sensed that the hospital was the safest place for him to be since he feigned slow recovery from an operation to assure a prolonged stay. That is where he was when the SS panicked during the evacuation of the camp and left the sick behind. He was one of only a handful of survivors of Monowitz/Auschwitz III who managed to be liberated by the Red Army in January 1945. Returning with difficulty to his hometown after the war, the twenty-two-year-old survivor went to work for the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, aiding refugees who were in worse shape than he. His interview, held at the kibbutz DP camp at Tradate, Italy, reveals a man refreshingly free from self-pity and eager simply to get on with his life in Palestine. (Commentary from FRESH WOUNDS: EARLY NARRATIVES OF HOLOCAUST SURVIVAL by Donald L. Niewyk. Copyright (c) 1998 by the University of North Carolina Press. Used by permission of the publisher. www.uncpress.unc.edu)"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Illinois Institute of Technology"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Illinois Institute of Technology"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/039/original/IIT_Logo_stack_186_blk.png?1583422043","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/073/087/small/IMGP8810.JPG?1583169691","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - kaldoreG_9-97_9-98_9-99_SLP.mp3"]},"duration":6515.75656,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/073/087/small/IMGP8810.JPG?1583169691","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iit.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/073/087/original/kaldoreG_9-97_9-98_9-99_SLP.mp3?1583169691","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":6515.75656,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English translation [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] August 31st, 1946. Italy... the Castle Tradate between Milan and Como. The Interviewee is George Kaldore, twenty three (23) years old, born in Hungary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1.0,22.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In German] And so, George, tell me how old you were and where you were when the war started. Tell us again your name, etc.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=22.0,35.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e My name is George Kaldore. I was born in Hungary in the city Szombarthiem [Szombathely?], at the Austro-Hungarian border, and I am 23 years old. When the war started, I was in my home town, and I had just completed my “maturity examinations.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=35.0,57.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How old were you then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=57.0,59.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e I was then 18 years old. I then moved to the capital, Budapest, because they had already started in Hungary the “Jew laws” which the Hungarian government decreed. I came to Budapest to learn a trade, because I couldn’t continue my studies, because the Hungarian government in those “Jew laws” prohibited Jews from continuing with their studies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=59.0,93.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell me, George, how many were there in your family? Where were your father and mother, and how many brothers and sisters did you have?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=93.0,102.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e My father and my mother and my brother lived in Szombathely, in Steinamanger, which is my home town, and I was alone in Budapest. We were a very old family in our home town. My father had a business which in ’39 celebrated its anniversary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=102.0,124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What kind of business was it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=124.0,126.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e My father had a clothing business in Hungar—in Szombathely, which he had inherited from his father, and this one in turn from his father. I learned in Budapest the trade of weaving and knitting, and after that, in the year 1940 I was drafted into the Hungarian labor service. That is, in Hungary all Jews were assembled in a work lager which was called Hungarian labor service. There we were all wearing our own clothes. We built fortifications and airports for the German and Hungarian army and for the Hungarian government.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=126.0,179.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Were there in the lager the SS or the Hungarians?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=179.0,182.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Only the Hungarian officers. They treated us very badly. We got food but we had to sleep in one hall, very many people, and we were forced to work, and they were the kind of officers who beat the people very much. Afterwards I was discharged and I was employed in a war plant, where I continued working at my trade.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=182.0,216.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What does it mean, “you were discharged”?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=216.0,218.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e It means that I was given leave from the service and I was assigned to a so-called war industry, where we were manufacturing for the Hungarian and German soldiers pull-overs [he uses the English term], gloves, and other warm things for the fire.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=218.0,238.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Wait a moment. You were in the labor service, to which you had, so to speak, been drafted like a soldier, isn’t that so?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=238.0,246.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Like a soldier.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=246.0,247.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But the Jews were not permitted to be soldiers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=247.0,249.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Jews had no rights to be soldiers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=249.0,250.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [continues] ...so you were drafted. How old were you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=250.0,253.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e I was at that time 20 years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=253.0,254.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So under other conditions you would have been a soldier.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=254.0,256.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=256.0,256.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And so you were drafted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=256.0,258.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Drafted into the labor service.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=258.0,260.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And then you were given leave.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=260.0,262.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e ...leave. And there I was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=262.0,265.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=265.0,265.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e In the plant where we made gloves and shawls and warm things for the soldiers, for the winter. I was there until ’44. In the year ’44 the Germans arrived in Hungary, on the 8th day of March. This was a bitter day. We have seen it. It was on a Sunday, and all we saw on the streets were the tanks coming in and German SS men and German soldiers. I still managed to return that evening by train. One already couldn’t go home, but I, with Christian identification papers, went home to see my mother and what was going on at home.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=265.0,316.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How did you get Christian identification papers?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=316.0,318.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: I got the Christian identification papers from the Zionist organization to which I once belonged, and then they were already “making” Christian documents, the so-called false papers, Aryan papers. When I returned home, I spent one day at home, and my mother had a premonition, that she told me: ‘My dear son, I am seeing you for the last time.’ And I said, ‘No, my mother, I shall be home for the Seder [the Easter supper]. ...Seder is not far away; Pesach [Easter holidays], and I shall be together with you.’ But she only wept, and I left, and I never saw my mother again. I was then already in Budapest, and in Budapest we were already wearing on the streets the yellow star 10 centimeters in diameter. We could not enter the pastry shops or the stores. We were given only two hours for shopping. Then there appeared on the streets the big posters that all Jews 18 years old and up must present themselves for labor service. I went to labor service not far from Budapest [name of town is not clear].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=318.0,396.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e They were compelled to present themselves?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=396.0,398.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, they were compelled—on posters—mobilization for Jewish labor services. I presented myself in June. I was given my so-called soldier’s book, pay book [He seems to be using the word “pay” in English, possible learned by the time of the interview from the UNRRA terminology.]. And I was there only a short time because they sent us away from there. But we didn’t get very far. Ten kilometers from there in the small town, Jaszbereny, Hatvan ...we arrived there at night, at 12 o’clock. There was an air raid alarm, the gendarmerie, the Hungarian gendarmerie—","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=398.0,441.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In what year was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=441.0,443.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e That was in the year ’44, in June. The Hungarian gendarmerie were lined up at the railroad station and told us—with rifles and sticks—told us, ‘All Jews disembark.’ We thought that maybe they would take us into the bunker because it was an air raid alarm, the English air force had come. They would take us into a bunder or maybe into an open field, so that we should not be standing at the railroad station. But they did not take us to an open field. Within two minutes from there, in a sugar factory, there was the Ghetto, a small ghetto, a small ghetto where the Jews of the city lives. It was—the Jews already lived there together in the factory. We arrived there. It was pitch dark. We were ordered to put down our baggage on the floor and sit down. Nobody should say a word; nobody should tear anything up—money or documents; and one should be very quiet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=443.0,519.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How many people were there of you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=519.0,520.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We were there 150 of the labor service. We only noticed that in another place there were bundles, which we recognized as the baggage of people from other labor services. We were sitting there for half an hour and the trumpeted the end of the air raid. There came a German officer with Hungarian officers and policemen, and then came a Jewish policeman and told us that all valuables and all documents we had on us should be put down on the floor. We did so. We didn’t know yet what would happen to us afterwards. The gendarmerie came and searched our pockets for things we still might have had in them. We had nothing. We were afraid. We knew that if we did not give them up we would get a bad beating. We surrendered everything, and they took it for themselves. We saw ourselves that they put it in their own pockets. After we had surrendered our things, the Hungarian officer told us in Hungarian, and then came a German officer who really wasn’t a “German” officer but a Hungarian officer [in German uniform], the famous captain Zöldy. Captain Zöldy, who ordered the pogroms in Novi Sad of which the whole world has been talking. He was a “German” SS man, and he told us, 'Jews, you are here in the Ghetto. We shall transfer you to a work lager. You will work there, and you should behave well. Now go into these barracks. You will remain there until morning, and in the morning you will know what will happen to you next.'' At six in the morning the Jews in the lager - not in the lager that is, in the Ghetto - got up, and we were given a warm vegetable soup, and we saw that the Jews were crowding together. A policeman came and asked what was going on here in the Ghetto and they said that today the whole Ghetto would be shipped away. Yesterday a transport had gone, and today we, the rest, were going. Again the SS officer appeared, ‘Those who are not Jews and those who are citizens of other countries, who are not Hungarian citizens, should step forward.’","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=520.0,697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Jews or non-Jews?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=697.0,699.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Also Jews, if they were not Hungarian citizens. There stepped forward three people. One had a Swedish passport; he took him and led him away. Two Jews stepped forward and said that they were Christians. So he said, ‘Do you have documents?’ So they said, ‘But yesterday you took away our documents.’ So he said, ‘I haven’t taken away any documents; you gave them to me. Step forward, I shall examine you wheter you are Christians or not.’ And so in the presence of everybody he stared to examine “their race.” He examined their eyes, their hair, their fac. So he said, ‘My friend, it may be that you are a Christian, a convert to Christianity, but your father was a Jew, and you are also a Jew.’ And he beat them with a stick that he had in his hand.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=699.0,766.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e He examined just his face and his eyes, nothing else?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=766.0,770.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e He did not examine anything else. Only the face. He said, ‘You are not of the Mongolian race; you are of the Jewish race.’ We did not stay for a long time in the Ghetto.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=770.0,784.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why Monogolian?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=784.0,785.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The Hungarian race belongs to the Mongolian race.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=785.0,788.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=788.0,790.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We did not remain for long in the Ghetto. We remained there until 12:00. That is, altogether we remained in the Ghetto only 12 hours. At 12:00 [noon] we were ordered to take the sacks that we still had and take them to the control. The control took out any good thing from the baggage. We really didn’t have anything. When we entered the Hungarian labor service, we took with us some clothes and some underwear and such things which we needed in the Hungarian labor service just for work. We thought they could send us later some things [from home], that we remain in Hungary. Then without food and with nothing to drink we were pushed into the railroad cars, 85 people to the car; and the train was standing there, the one train not a Hungarian train, but the German state railroad train stood there at the Hungarian station.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=790.0,856.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where did they get so many people? You said that there were altogether 120 people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=856.0,859.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We were 120 people, the ones from the labor service. But in the Ghetto there were the people from Budapest, that is, from Hatvan, and from the surroundings of Hatvan. There were a total of two or three thousand people. At 12:00 we got into the railroad cars. Soon the cars were sealed, and first of all one was named commander of the car. And they didn’t give us any water or nothing. The Hungarian gendarmerie with the police stood next to the cars. And they walked with their guns and nobody could get out from the inside the cars. Nobody could do that. We just had to sit inside. And we sat there, and were thinking where they would take us. One said they would take us to Austria; another said they would take us somewhere in Hungary, or they would take us to the German labor service. But we, the Hungarian Jews, and the Jews who didn’t know anything about Auschwitz—they had not heard over the radio about Auschwitz, and when there would come Polish Jews or German Jews [and tell us about it] they would say, ‘No, that is impossible. It is not possible that they are burning German and Polish Jews in Auschwitz.’ We did not belevee that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=859.0,948.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What did you say about the radio?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=948.0,950.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We had not heard about Auschwitz over the radio. We heard about it secretly, from the London radio, and the London radio also didn’t say so. It was said that they burn Jews. We believed still that it was just propaganda. We did not believe that they burned Jews. And at 4:00 in the afternoon the train departed, departed toward the south [??], towards Miskolc [??]. At Miskolc we arrived at night. In Miskolc they added further the Ghetto of Miskolc. We left Miskolc at 12:00 at night, and at one station still on the Hungarian side the train slowed down. In the train people said, ‘Comrades, we could save ourselves. We could jump out of the car.’","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=950.0,1009.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e They were sealed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1009.0,1010.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e They were sealed, but high up are the bars. The iron bars. And we had a little saw and we sawed them through and five men from our car jumped out, and these five men—afterwards, when we returned from the lager, we talked to these men—these five people saved themselves. The cars were watched by the Hungarian gendarmerie up till the Hungarian-Slovakian border, up to Kosice. The Hungarian gendarmerie were sitting on top of the cars and from there they could see what was going on in the cars. Up to Kosice the cars were not opened even once. It was a trip of 24 hours. We were in the cars, one standing, the other lying down. The people had already grown beards, looking like wild animals. We already had two dead people in our car. There were three of four who went completely insane. They couldn’t speak any more from thirst. In Kosice they opened the cars. Now the SS police came in and gendarmerie, not SS, the gendarmerie. They gave us in each car about 10 liters of water, and this was for 80 people, so that each person got only a very little to drink and—","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1010.0,1122.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In what did they give you the water?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1122.0,1123.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The water was brought in a kettle, in some kind of kettle they brought it over and the kettle they took back.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1123.0,1133.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And how did you drink?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1133.0,1135.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We drank from a small glass of two deci [deciliter, about 3.4 fluid ounces].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1135.0,1139.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1139.0,1141.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Of two deci.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1141.0,1142.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Of two decigrams?[Footnote: The interviewer, possibly taken by the story was unable to recall the right unit of measurement, and Kaldore failed to recognize the error.]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1142.0,1143.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Two decigrams.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1143.0,1145.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did they give the same glass to everybody?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1145.0,1147.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Nobody was given the “same glass”. People were pushing each other for the water. One drank more; another got nothing. And they took off the cars the dead people. Again at the border there came the Hungarian officer, and at the border in Kosice he said, ‘He who considers himself not a Jew should come down.’ But now there was nobody to claim that he was not Jewish. Everybody was now a Jew, and all together we traveled in these cars ahead. The cars went to Slovakia. In Slovakia, with the Germans, it was thus, ‘Jews, I know you still have guldens on you. I know you still have Hungarian money on you. But you are being taken to a place where the gulden is going to be of no use, where food is going to be of no use. You won’t be able to use anything. You will get everything there. Give us the food, give us the money.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1147.0,1218.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What kind of food?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1218.0,1220.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, some food, canned food and clothing. And one asked for gloves, and the other asked us for stockings. They all “knew” the Jews had the best things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1220.0,1235.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did the Jews have the best things?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1235.0,1236.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, we had then the best things. We took them from home. ‘And for that, if you give it to us—‘","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1236.0,1245.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean by the ‘best things’? Better than the Christians had, or that the Jews took their best things with them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1245.0,1251.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The Jews had their best things with them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1251.0,1253.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Their own things?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1253.0,1255.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Their own things. Yes. They said, ‘If you give us these things, you shall get from us water.’ And the Jews produced some money, and they got water from them, a little bit of water.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1255.0,1271.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And the Jews still had money?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1271.0,1272.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The Jews still had money; even after the search they still had money in their pockets. And we traveled on from Slovakia to Poland. In Poland at their pockets. And we traveled on from Slovakia to Poland. In Poland at Krakow we asked the Germans, through that little window which was already closed up in Kosice, we asked what would happen to us. So the locomotive workers, who were Germans, because Krakow was already a German city, told us, ‘You are going to Birkenau.’ We didn’t know what Birkenau was. Birkenau, we thought was the sky [another world]. They told us that where it burns—we didn’t know a thing about where and for what we were going.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1272.0,1327.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you think it was something good or bad?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1327.0,1329.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We thought it was something bad. We talked among ourselves—the few people who still could think—because most of the people already couldn’t think. There were—","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1329.0,1340.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How old were you then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1340.0,1341.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e I was then 23 years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1341.0,1344.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And now how old are you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1344.0,1346.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Now I am past 23.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1346.0,1348.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In what year was it? In ’45?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1348.0,1351.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: No, that was in the year ’44. Oh yes, I was 22 years old then.[Footnote: The confusion of dates, and numbers in general is a common occurrence in these interviews, especially if the memories are prone to evoke emotional stress.]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1351.0,1356.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Go on, Gerorge.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1356.0,1358.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e I was 22 years old then. And the people, the 85 people who could not get out of the car, they had to satisfy their needs inside the cars.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1358.0,1371.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean by that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1371.0,1373.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Their small needs—toilet needs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1373.0,1376.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So what did they have to do? They had no toilet in the car?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1376.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, it was a car for cattle. It was a cattle car. We took our bowls, our dishes that we brought with us for food, and we “did” into them and threw out the windows. And there was a stench in the car, and it was warm, and we had no water to drink. And the bit of food which we had saved, which we had hidden in the sacks, that was also gone. And so we arrived at Auschwitz—and from Auschwitz it is two kilometers to Birkenau—at the station. We were taken to a track on which there was only one train. When we arrived on the tracks at Birkenau, we saw people in blue-white striped costumes. And they run to the train, and they say in Yiddish, ‘Jews, get down from the train with everything and line up here.’ We stepped down.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1380.0,1454.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Were these Jewish capos?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1454.0,1456.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No, these were not the Jewish capos, but it was a commando [detail] which we later found out was the so-called Canada [??] detail.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1456.0,1465.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And what was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1465.0,1466.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e It was the detail which would receive the transport that arrived.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1466.0,1471.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why did they call it the Canada detail?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1471.0,1473.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Canada, because they had food which they were stealing from the cars, because they were carrying the things of the Jews from the transports to the storeroom, and there they had plenty to eat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1473.0,1489.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Were they Jews?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1489.0,1491.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Yes, yes, they were Jews, deported Jews, who worked in this detail. And they all looked very well because they were eating of that which the transports would bring, what they could still find there. We arrived, and we saw children running around very small children, and mothers and people completely out of their mind, with their hair all tangled and with long beards. Our people from the cars gathered, and they told us to line up and to go into the bath. And there we saw at the lager a large sign on which is written: “WORK MAKES FREE.” We waked over to the gate. There stands an SS chief physician. We later heard and found out the name, Dr. Wengele [??].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1491.0,1551.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What happened to him?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1551.0,1555.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Happened where?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1555.0,1555.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e I mean happened now. Was he arrested?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1555.0,1558.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e I don’t know. I think he was arrested. He is before the law in Munich. I am not sure, I am not sure of it. And he stood there and said to our people, ‘Your are going to work, and who feels that he is strong enough to work should march, and those who do not feel strong enough to work, and are not strong enough to walk, should go over to the other side, and he will be taken by automobile, and he shall be taken to another place, where he will get easier work. He wouldn’t have to work so hard.’ And there went the mothers with small children and there went women and old people, and from among us the young people who said, ‘The leg hurts, I can’t walk, I don’t know how much I will have to walk,’ and they went. And from the whole four thousand people of the transport we remained one thousand.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1558.0,1619.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you go with the feeble ones, too?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1619.0,1622.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e I did not go with the feeble ones. I went with those selected people. I went","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1622.0,1627.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1627.0,1627.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e I had a feeling that I still had strength to work. My soul was still strong, I felt I could still work. And I went with the transport, and we were led into the washroom. In the washroom there waited already the SS police. And before we entered the washroom out on the street there was music. We heard music. There were prisoners who played trumpets. A whole musical orchestra. They played jazz music. So we aked what was going on. ‘Yes,’ they told us, ‘there comes a new transport, and they play so that on shouldn’t suspect anything.’ And the men tell us we shouldn’t ask so many questions.’ And we see people running and asking, ‘Jews, where are you from?’ And Hungarians ask in Hungarian. And the only drink we ask is, ‘Jews, can one drink the water here?’ ‘Yes, you may drink, but don’t drink too much.’ We enter the washroom and there already is the SS with the Polish capo, that is, the Polish non-Jewish capo, and they order us, ‘Jews, take off everything; you will get entirely new clothes. Take off everything, and leave it here. Completely naked, you are to take only your shoes and the belt for your trousers.’ And then we went ahead into the second room. And we entered then the second room, where there were sitting on long bench Jews, Polish Jews, who had in their hands hair clippers. They shaved us entirely; that is, wherever we had hair, it was completely shorn off with clippers. The hair from our heads, our beards, and then we proceeded to the next door. At that door there was standing a capo who looked into our mouth to see whether we had anything in our mouth — anything hidden there, guldens, or diamonds, or such other things of value.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1627.0,1786.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And if one had gold teeth?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1786.0,1787.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The gold teeth still remained in the mouth. And we entered the disinfecting room on the “unclean side”. We were completely disinfected. We were given a small piece of soap, and there was a shower.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1787.0,1806.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: A water shower?[Footnote: The fact that the gas chambers also were provided with shower equipment apparently accounts for the question.]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1806.0,1807.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e A water shower, a shower of warm water. And we washed and I felt that I shall be a completely different man. I got back some of my strength. First of all, we hadn’t been given anything yet. We drank the water that was there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1807.0,1833.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e From the shower?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1833.0,1834.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e From the shower. Because the shower was in German style. There would come very hot water, and then the hot water would change to completely cold water. That was called a German shower bath.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1834.0,1847.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean? There was cold water—","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1847.0,1851.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No. From the shower there was running hot water. Then it would come warm slowly and colder and colder until it was completely cold water. And after we were washed completely with alcohol—","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1851.0,1872.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Who did that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1872.0,1873.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The capos there who were working in the washroom. And then we marched ahead to the clean side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1873.0,1883.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Were the capos decent at this work?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1883.0,1885.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e There were Jewish capos, and there the Jewish capos did not beat the people. They were decent, and they helped us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1885.0,1892.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Which lager was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1892.0,1893.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e That was in the central lager Birkenau, because one must know that Birkenau was the central lager. Auschwitz was already a labor lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1893.0,1909.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And the crematories?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1909.0,1910.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e ...were in Birkenau, not in Auschwitz. It is just called Auschwitz. After that we went over to the “clean” side and there were the clothes. That is, clothing consisting of the striped blue-white suits like I saw in the film “Sing-Sing,” the way they looked there. Blue-white uniforms. Long trousers, short trousers, just any way they happened to come. A small youngster would get long pants, a big one would get small pants with a small jacket, which were made of cotton material. These were very cold things, so that in June, when we a rived there, the weather was still very cold, and to us it was still very cold. And we still had our shoes in our hands. Those who had boots—boots were taken away from them, and in place of boots they were given wooden shoes, and they put them on. All were given also some underpants and a shirt, but they were very nice things that they gave us, one might say new things. Those were the underpants and shirts that had been taken away from the transports that had arrived. We left that room, and we were lined up and marched in into a large block.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1910.0,2010.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And what happened to the people who had to go to the other side? Do you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2010.0,2015.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e At that time we knew nothing. We asked what happened to the people, but we knew nothing. We just marched and marched, and we knew nothing about them. We entered...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2015.0,2028.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But the crematories were in Birkenau.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2028.0,2030.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The crematories were there, yes. Soon I will talk about them. It was already evening. The things I am talking about now. It was already eight in the evening when we were through with the bath. Afterwards we entered a big hall that was called Birkenau Block 13. That was the Gypsy lager. Before, the Gypsies had lived there. These were not Jews. They were the Gypsies who lived in Hungary. The Gypsy musicians, the Gypsies from Germany, those who were not of the so-called race of Germans. They were not of German race. There were also people of “the race” [??], but these were wearing very funny clothes; the big hats that were taken away from the rabbis. The big hats that were taken away from the rabbis. These chassidic hats.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2030.0,2092.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e The Gypsies?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2092.0,2093.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The Gypsies. And dressed in suits, and their suits had on the back a red cross, a large red cross.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2093.0,2112.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2112.0,2112.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e So that they should not escape from the lager. That was a mark that they, too, were prisoners. We were called prisoners here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2112.0,2122.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell me, were there women with the Gypsies?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2122.0,2124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Their women, their children, were there together with the Gypsies. We also saw there Gypsy women who were pregnant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2124.0,2133.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e They were all in the same block.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2133.0,2134.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e All in the same block, living together. Our block trusty was also a Gypsy. And we were ordered to lie down. We were 1500 people who remained from the 4500 from the transport. All in one block.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2134.0,2155.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And how many Gypsies were there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2155.0,2157.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: There were no more Gypsies in the block; only the block trusty with his large family. About the block I have to tell you also, that the lager Birkenau was before the war a riding stadium; there were horses there before the war. It was a horse riding stadium. We were told, ‘Jews, lie down on the ground and things will proceed.’ And we wept: ‘Man, bring us something to drink.’","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2157.0,2198.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] This concludes ...... this concludes Spool 97. We are going over to Spool 98. George... eh, George Kaldore being interviewed at the Camp Tradate, or the cooperative place Tradate for displaced Jews.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2198.0,2224.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e This is Spool 98. Italy — the Castle Tradate between Milan and Como, in a camp of displaced persons, of the so-called Kibbutzim groups, or the Hashara, which is preparing the young people to go at one time or another to Palestine. The interviewee is George Kaldore, 23 (twenty three) from Hungary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2224.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In German] Now let us proceed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2250.0,2253.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e I interrupted my story. Well, we were ordered, about five hundred of us, to lie down in one of the halls and to keep quiet until somebody would come and tell us what was to happen next.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2253.0,2274.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Excuse me, I wanted to ask you a question. Do you know what happened to the Gypsies?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2274.0,2279.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, I know. Two months later I heard [about them] when I was already in the other lager to which I was transferred; that one night there was an Appell and all the Gypsies were called out, and all the women and all the children and all the men Gypsies who had remained there were that night burned, so that nobody was left of the Gypsies. Nobody left in that lager. That I know from the tales of comrades who came from the lager and told us about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2279.0,2317.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now, go on with your story.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2317.0,2318.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: And so there came an interpreter—he had it written [on a band] on his left arm. An Hungarian-German interpreter together with a Gypsy and our block leader. He stood up on a box and made a speech: ‘Jews, you have come to Auschwitz, to Birkenau. This is an extermination camp. He who cannot work is being burned. And the one who can work will work as long as he can work. Here you cannot hide anything. I have brought with me a lamp’—there had come in a SS man with a lamp—‘This is an x-ray lamp. Look through whether you still have on you some guldens or valuables or things that you are permitted to possess. That is, you may possess nothing.’","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2318.0,2371.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And what was the x-ray lamp for?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2371.0,2374.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, yes, the x-ray lamp. I will tell you how it was. He brought also pliers and hammers, and he ordered that we should tear off the soles from our shoes. ‘Maybe you have hidden away there something, and we may not have noticed it when you came into the block.’ And he came around, and the Jews took off the soles and there still appeared gold, and there still appeared money. And one Jew pulled out a work book—a German work book. He said, ‘This is my work book. I am a working man and I shall work.’ And he said, ‘Just drop it here.’ Our pictures of the mother, of the father, that we had managed to save, I don’t know how, in the shoes, they just had managed to hide them in the shoes or wherever—I can’t describe it. I really cannot imagine how they hid them after such a thorough search. And then he said, ‘Has everything been surrendered?’ And the Jews said, ‘Yes.’ Then he said, ‘Yes, I see you are Hungarian Jews. You haven’t anything on you. You are the kind that are afraid. Hungarian Jews are all afraid. I shall not search you with the x-ray lamp.’ Later we learned that it was no x-ray lamp. It was a plain ordinary large lamp that he brought in. And he took the guldens, and two days later we learned that with the guldens he had bought from the Polish workers who worked in the lager, who did not live in the lager but just came there to work, and from the SS soldiers, he bought bread and bought fat and ate it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2374.0,2487.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Didn’t he get enough to eat otherwise?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2487.0,2491.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No, he was getting just his ration. He only had food that he could steal from the jews. And he said, ‘Soon they will bring here black coffee. Everybody will get the coffee.’ And sure, they brought the coffee, and he said, ‘Jews, you are not permitted to leave this place. You may step out two paces. There is a box inside the block for you small needs, and outside the block two paces away is another box, where you can satisfy your big needs. But do not go any further, because beyond that are already the wires and the SS people in the big towers which had those large reflectors and the dogs. If one takes three paces, they grab him and shoot him immediately.’ And we again lay down on the ground, without blankets, without anything, and we slept. That was the first night, after the railroad cars, that we could sleep a bit. In the morning at six there was a bell to ger up for Appell. We stepped out. We were counted up [to ascertain] how many people we were. Then we were told that now we had to clean the block. We had to scrub the block. We were given mops and brooms to clean it up well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2491.0,2583.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What were you given, brooms?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2583.0,2584.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Brooms and mops, yes. And to clean up. At ten they brought the first soup. That was a German soup in which they threw together everything possible. It was served for ten people together in a large pot. The pot was dirty. It was a pot that was taken out from the railroad cars where the Jews were, without washing them out. We knew what these pots had been used for. The Jews had “done” into them while in the cars. And we had no water to wash them out. A few people would not eat. I said, ‘I shall eat what they give me.’ That is, [although] it is impossible to eat it. One cannot eat it [but] I, too, [for my part] shall eat it, because I know that if I don’t eat I won’t have the strength to go on with the work. And there were two people, diabetics, who became so ill that they said, ‘We need injections.’ And they were led away. They were led away, and we haven’t seen them any more. By eleven—we already dared to make a few steps outside—we saw something burning. It burns, it burns, it burns. In the morning at eleven we saw flames, and a stenchy smell. We asked the Gypsies, ‘What are they burning?’ So they say, ‘They are burning the clothes that you brought with you, rags, since it cannot be used. It is none of your worry what is burning.’ And afterwards they told us, ‘now go and lie down again.’ We did nothing. Another day passed. A day later came an SS. We were told to get up. The SS looked at us, looked us over, and ordered those who were once soldiers to step forward, who were soldiers before the war, those who are strong people, for hard work. And they stepped forward. They divided us into two groups: the strong people and the not very strong people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2584.0,2733.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And where were you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2733.0,2734.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e I was among the strong men. And there were with us two stout men, very stout men—100 kilo. And the SS men said, ‘Are you strong?’ So they said, ‘Yes.’ ‘Well, then I shall arrange a bout. You shall fight each other, box each other. Such a fight that the one who is stronger will go on the side with the strong people, and the other one will go on the other side.’ And so we—the one got to one side. And the Jews even laughed about it. What did they know about what was going to happen? And those men, the strong men who were lined up, there were 500 of us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2734.0,2774.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What happened to those two stout people?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2774.0,2789.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e That I don’t know. They remained there. They were not—no, they were not taken away immediately. Some months later I met one of them in a work camp where he was assigned afterwards. And he told me they were taken to Auschwitz to work in a factory. They went to the so-called quarantine lager, that is, Block I in Birkenau. In the quarantine lager they were given one blanket for three people, and there were single-level beds; that is, in one bed there slept ten people. They were not really beds, they were simply knocked together of wood, plank beds. And ten people slept with five blankets. And by that time we were approached by the Jews, the Polish Jews, who wanted already to barter with us for our shoes. One wanted to give a piece of bread with other shoes. And they told us that the shoes here amount to life. The one who has shoes lives, here. And we didn’t want to barter. We were taken to quarantine, because there was scarlet fever in the Gypsy lager. And we were in the quarantine lager four days. Afterwards there came an order after the Appell that all of us have to move on. So these five hundred men marched in formation, four abrest, holding each other’s shoulder, four people all the way. And with us marched ten SS men with guns in hand and led us through Auschwitz, through the streets. We saw the people, we saw stores, people walking the streets, the Poles, the Christians. There were some that looked at us with sadness. There were some that laughed at us. And we marched away 10 kilometers. We entered a camp which was called the Buna lager. That belonged to the I.G. Farben Industry, the big company of the lager, a big plant of synthetic rubber, Buna. We marched in there. The block leader soon lined us up at the Appell square and said, ‘You get ready to go into the washroom.’ And again we were led into the disinfection chambers. Again they took away the clothes which we have gotten before. We went into the chambers. We are being disinfected again. We came out to the “clean” side again. There was standing a doctor who examined us, and we were given very bad things, again these blue-white striped things, but in very bad condition, torn ones of small sizes, and we were led again into a block, the quarantine block and they told us, ‘Men, you shall remain here, and you are not permitted to leave the quarantine block until you will be assigned to commandos [to squads] in the lager; ‘ because we had come from a lager where there was scarlet fever. And for what ever reason we don’t know, we were assigned to the punishment detail; that is, it was called an outside detail which worked outside the lager six kilometers away. We were building fortifications for the Germans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2789.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why did they call it the punishment detail?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3030.0,3032.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The punishment detail, because we marched barefooted. They told us to take off the shoes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3032.0,3038.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e They made you take off your shoes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3038.0,3038.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We had to take off the shoes before we left and walk barefooted the whole way on stony roads, and at times we had to run, at times we had to walk slowly, and every time we started out we had to fetch our food for the midday meal. That is in 50 litre barrels. Two people had to carry it on the road barefooted, the hot food. And after every two or three hundred men again two people were carrying a barrel. Those who carried the barrel barefooted had to run at the same pace as the others did. They were not permitted to fall behind the group. And we went out there and worded there. There were the SS men and Wehrmacht. The Wehrmacht, not the SS—there was only on SS man, a superior company fuehrer. The rest were the Wehrmacht. The old people. And we talked to them and they talked to us. They were such old people who were quite good to us, and now and then they would hand over a little piece of bread. They themselve had not much to eat, the Wehrmacht. But when the SS superior company fuehrer would approach, the Wehrmacht men would immediately tell us, ‘Now work, here comes the SS,’ and we worked hard, very hard. From four in the morning when we were getting up, everybody had to wash in the washroom, and then there was breakfast. At breakfast we were given 300 grams of bread with 20 grams of margarine, not the synthetic margarine that did not contain fat. The German margarine. And that was all the breakfast.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3038.0,3165.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What was the synthetic margarine made of?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3165.0,3167.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We don’t know what they made it out of. It was made synthetically from something but it had no fat content. I smelled pretty good and tasted pretty good but it had no calories. And we got bitter black coffee. The water in the lager, not in Auschwitz, in Birkenau, not in Monovitz [??], [but] at the Buna plant—one couldn’t drink the water because there was typhus. It was typhus water. One would get typhus from the water and the water was also very bad. And [so] we would go out to work. First we would go out to Appell. The Appell was at five o’clock. It lasted the whole hour until six. At six at the Appell they counted the men and each one reported the number he had in his detail; and when the number was not correct, we had to stand until the number was correct.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3167.0,3247.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But you had to work?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3247.0,3249.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We had to stand there until the number was correct. We marched out. At the exit, at the gate was standing a physician; and the ones who felt sick stepped before the physician, and anyone who was really sick could remain in the lager. If the illness lasted only two or three days or a week, he was cured and went again to work. But if he had an illness that could not be treated, he was taken by automobile to Auschwitz, and there he was burned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3249.0,3284.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How do you know that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3284.0,3285.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We know it because people would come who had met others who came from there. And later we talked to some people of the [dead handlers] detail, Hungarians who had worked in that detail. The burning detail. There [at this] people worked only three months. And in three months they were relieved and transported away to other lagers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3285.0,3314.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Go on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3314.0,3315.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We went out to work at the gate; we were counted again, taken to work, and there we were working until twelve. At twelve we went to eat. The food consisted of a half a liter of soup. The soup was a half a liter of water. That’s what it was. Green leaves cooked in that warm water. And from twelve to one we were free and we would lie down on the grass and sleep a bit. At one we would return to work and work until five. Later on, when the time, when the weather got darker, we didn’t work so late anymore. We always worked as long as it was light. At dusk we would get back with the details into the lager. We would assemble at the Appell square, and at the Appell square we were counted again. We had already been counted at the entrance but we were counted again on the Appell square. And after the count we went to wash. Everybody had to wash, and after washing we would get the evening meal. The evening meal was three/fourths of a liter of soup, three/fourths of a liter of soup. This soup was a little heavier, not so thin, and it had some potatoes, or turnips cooked in it. The turnips that used to be served in Hungary to cattle, those red turnips and white turnips. And after eating, once a week we had to shave. The hair was clipped down completely with a zero clipper and every week we were shaved. They used two knives to shave two, three hundred men without sharpening the knife. Each shave was [a surgical] operation. And the people would get the so-called beard eruptions, infections, and because of the infection one would look terribly ugly. And people with such infections were not shaved anymore, so that these people would walk around with month-old beards, with six-weeks-old beards, two-months-old beards, and they looked very very ugly. After that we would lie down and sleep. It was a very bitter life. We had two-deck beds. There were two blankets on each bed and nothing else. Two people slept on each cot, one with his head at the other fellow’s feet, and the other one on the other side. The cots were approximately 50 cms. wide. These beds are full of bedbugs, full of vermin, fleas, and bedbugs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3315.0,3532.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Lice?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3532.0,3532.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e There were none in the lager. Four times every week there was louse control. Everyone had to carry his shirt to the doctor. There was in every block a doctor who inspected the shirts, the underpants. One marched completely naked to the control, and if one had lice, he would get a very, very bad beating, and all his things were taken away immediately for disinfection together with the beds. Everything was disinfected. I was a whole year in the lager but I never had lice in the lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3532.0,3574.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you wash your things?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3574.0,3576.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Every week we washed our shirts once. The shirts—we did not have any shirts, because we were selling our shirts outside, when at work to the Polish workers. We would get two or three kilos of bread for a shirt. So we didn’t have any shirts. We had only the clothes on us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3576.0,3599.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Wouldn’t they ask you what became of your shirts?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3599.0,3601.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e First we were ordered to do it every two weeks, afterwards only every month, to surrender the old underwear. And we would take in a rag and say that the shirt had gotten torn and we surrendered the rag. That was our shirt and we were given other shirts. These other shirts were also torn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3601.0,3622.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e You speak about the Poles. What kind of Poles were they?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3622.0,3624.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e These were Polacks, not Jews. Those were Polacks that just worked there. Those were the work foremen. We washed our underwear every week, one, twice, depending on how dirty the underwear was. We had a little piece of soap. We would get it every week. And people saw in it that they would get some kind of special assignment in the lager. Everyone who had some function in the lager got already a bit more food. I personally worked for the block trusty. I washed his underwear for the block\u003cbr\u003etrusty and I darned his socks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3624.0,3670.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, yes. You are—what was your trade?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3670.0,3673.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e I was a textile worker. I had learned to knit socks, to make new socks and knitted underwear, and other such things. But I was already accustomed that I would have to work, and I washed the block trusty’s shirts and I darned the socks, and in return I was getting supplementary food every day, that is, a double portion of three/fourths of a liter of soup.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3673.0,3703.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How about bread?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3703.0,3705.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Bread I wouldn’t get. That was impossible; 300 grams of bread, that was all; and we ate it right away in the morning. All of it. And so our life went on for about two months, that is until August. In August they started to select. They asked who had a trade, and such a man was placed in the trade details. These were such details that consisted of locksmiths, engineers, or bookkeepers or carpenters, glazers, painters; and these worked inside the plant, the factory. And approximately 100,000 men worked in the factory. It was one gigantic lager. There were not only prisoners, Jews, there. But there were Polish lager, Polish Christian correctional camps. There was a lager for German subjects, such who were there for punishment. Communists, such who took part inthe Spanish revolution, that kind of Germans. There were [men of] the French labor service. There were English, American soldiers as prisoners of war who lived in the vicinity of our lager. There were also Polish and German free people, and we jews, and Ukranians, and all kinds of people. From all over the world, people from Flanders, Belgians, from every nation, from every nation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3705.0,3814.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e That was where.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3814.0,3815.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e In the Buna works. And I was then assigned to a locksmith detail, to a detail of a technicians. I went to work to the power plant with a detail, not as locksmith, but as an electrical worker. I worked there with the A-E-G, the General Electric company which supplied the whole plant with electrical power, and we handled there the connection, we worked on the high tension equipment, on the cables. I had it pretty good there. We worked from blueprints and it was very pleasant work. And there I worked together with Poles, Christian Poles, who would give me stale bread or some food. They did not have much themselves but they gave us, and every day I went to clean up the office, and I would pick out from the garbage can throw-away tomatoes; because I always used to say, ‘I must eat what I see, because when I eat I have the strength to go on working.’ But the capo did not look at it with good will, that I would get something to eat, and he assigned me to his detail, to his detail, to heavy work. I later worked five stories underground, the whole plant was built five stories underground.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3815.0,3932.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e The Buna works?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3932.0,3933.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The Buna works. And there I was layin cables. It was very, very cold. It was already September. Our nerves have become completely apathetic, We were not thinking anymore. We knew of nothing. Now and then we would find a German newspaper to read, but they were full with the German [business]. We saw in the lager terrible things. During the Appell we saw people hanged, three people at once.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3933.0,3969.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What for?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3969.0,3970.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e At times two people, three men, were hanged because during an air-raid three Jews have stolen bread form the storehouse, a little bit of bread not much, and they were hanged.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3970.0,3987.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Right at the Appell square?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3987.0,3988.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: On the Appell square. But how that happened. It happened like I read in Latin history, in a circus. The Caesar was looking on how the people went to their “kaputt”[Footnote: The work kaputt ordinarkly refers to the breaking of an inanimate object.] So we looked on. We arrived at the Appell square and there standing already—what is it called?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3988.0,4010.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e The gallows?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4010.0,4011.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The gallows were standing, three next to each other. There were standing three reflectors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4011.0,4018.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What was it, in the evening?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4018.0,4019.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e In the evening, yes, about six. It was already September, it was already dark there. And never before in my life have I seen a human being going “kaputt.” Not a hanging, not a shooting [had I seen before]. And I asked, ‘What is happeneing? What is going to happen?’ ‘Oh, Jews will be hanged,’ that is what I heard. We stood there already for an hour. They led up the three Jews. The three Jews, their hands tied, the SS man brings them to the gallows. The SS lined up their guns.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4019.0,4060.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e At the gallows?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4060.0,4061.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e At the gallows, yes. And they were raised upon the gallows, and the SS was standing there and telling us in German that by orders of Himmler, three Jews will be hanged, because during the air raid alarm they have stolen bread. ‘Jews, you should know that during an air raid alarm you should not steal. You should not steal. You are getting enough to eat and you should eat what you are getting here.’ And the [condemned] Jews were standing there and shouting, ‘Comrades, comrades, we are the last ones. Keep your heads up. All the Fascists will die. The Russian is coming. The Russian will liberate us.’ And meanwhile the SS approached the, kicked them with his feet, and beat them right at the gallows. And they called out from the detail three Jews, their “brothers.” If there was a Hungarian they called three Hungarian people, and they had to stand and watch. The gallows were so constructed that there was a lever and he stepped with his feet on the lever. First the rope was put around the neck, and the scaffold would fall down. They are standing on a scaffold. The scaffold would fall down and the Jews were hanging. And we looked on. After ten minutes one [of them] still wanted to pull out his neck from the sling. The others went “kaputt” immediately. And they had to remain there. They became grey.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4061.0,4204.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean, ‘they became all grey’?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4204.0,4206.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Their faces became grey.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4206.0,4208.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e They left the faces open?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4208.0,4209.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Afterwards all commandos [details] had to pass by the gallows and everyone had to look at them. If anybody wouldn’t look at them he immediately got badly slapped in the face by the SS.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4209.0,4227.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So the faces were uncovered.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4227.0,4228.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No, no, their faces were not covered. And afterwards, we all saw it, there came a capo from the hospital. He took a knife, and cut the rope. The dead men fell down, and right away he took a pencil, spit on the stomach, and wrote down with an indelible pencil his number, and also wrote down his number on his legs; and the body was taken to the K-B, that means quarters for the sick. Form there they were taken, on automobiles that would come every day, to Auschwitz, to burn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4228.0,4273.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Excuse me, you have a tattoo number, what is it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4273.0,4277.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e My number is A14187.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4277.0,4281.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And where were you tattooed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4281.0,4283.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e I was tattooed in Birkenau.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4283.0,4286.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e H-um.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4286.0,4288.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We had to look on [at executions]. And it happened not once, it happened very often.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4288.0,4297.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e They hanged people very often?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4297.0,4299.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Often they hanged people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4299.0,4300.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e For what?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4300.0,4301.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e For nothing, for attempts to escape from the lager, and from the lager, from the plant. They would try, the Polish Jews who could speak the Polish language. There was together with me a Polish physician who lived before three kilometers from the lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4301.0,4326.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e A Jew?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4326.0,4327.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e And he could see his home from the roof, and such people could escape. They had possibly a way to get away, but they were always caught, and for that the penalty was death.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4327.0,4344.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Was the physician also hanged?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4344.0,4346.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, he was also hanged. We have seen him hanged. After the hanging we went to eat and everybody ate. There was such an apathy, everybody ate, and did not talk any more about what they had seen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4346.0,4363.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] This concludes Spool 97 [incorrect — this is the end of Spool 98] of George Kaldore and we are going over to Spool 98. Illinois Institute of Technology wire recording, August 31st, 1946, Tradate, Milano — Tradate, Milano.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4363.0,4387.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e This is Spool 99, a continuation of Spool 97, 98. August 31st, 1946 at Tradate near Como and Milan. The interviewee is George Kaldore. The third spool of his interview.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4387.0,4409.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e [In German] As I have told you already, we became there very apathetic, and the people went indoors after the hanging. When they had seen their own comrades hanged, they went indoors and ate their evening meal which was given to them, and continued with their prisoner’s life. We continued doing our hard labor unitl...I continued until December. In December it was frightfully cold. It was raining and we were wet through and through. In just our only suit which we had made of cotton, that blue and white striped suit, in December, standing at five in the morning on the Appell square, and going out to work. And that work—I worked underground five storiesm and worked there in the greatest cold.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4409.0,4472.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What were you doing there exactly?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4472.0,4474.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e I was laying cables. I hung up cables overhead cables. They are very big cables of large width, and I had to hang them up on the walls. I already felt that I had a fever, but I did not want to go to the K-B—the hospital was called there K-B—the sick building. I didn’t want to go there, because I feared that whoever was going in there was not being cured. And I was already so sick that I couldn’t work anymore. I had blood poisoning on my leg and I couldn’t put on my shoes anymore. I went into the dispensary and the physician measured my temperature, I had 40 degrees [Centigrade] fever and the physician told me that tomorrow morning I should go to the hospital. It was such a rule that if one was assigned to the hospital, the list was given to the block trusty; the block trusty brought the people in the morning. I was not on the list. I wept, and I went to the hospital and told the physician that he should accept me. I cannot put on my shoes anymore. I was going around barefooted with 40 degrees fever, in December.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4474.0,4562.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why couldn’t you put on your shoes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4562.0,4564.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Because my feet were so swollen that the shoes wouldn’t go on anymore on my feet. It was already the twentieth of December. I was accepted in the hospital, That was no so easy. We were examined, then came the SS Chief physician, and the SS chief physician accepted us. All the clothing we had on was taken away, that is, the pants and the shoes; and we were left completely naked. And naked we entered the disinfection hall. We were disinfected, and then led to the division where the [particular] illness belonged.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4564.0,4601.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How were you disinfected?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4601.0,4603.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e There were showers, and we were all rubbed with kerosene, and again the hair was shorn off and we were completely shaven. And so we got in. There was a stench. In a small hall there were three hundred people, all with surgical sicknesses. One was already operated on, the other one was still sick or dead, or people who were little short of dying. I went in there, two people to a bed, so completely naked, I lay down. There was a heat supply from the plant. Steam was coming in from the plant; so there was a bit of heat. There again we had only two blankets. The comrade who was lying with me in the same bed had—pus was flowing from his hand, and I was lying with him in the same bed. At first they gave me compresses on my feet for two days, and the third day I was operated on. That was on Christman day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4603.0,4674.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e There were two people in one bed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4674.0,4676.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Two sick people in one bed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4676.0,4678.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where were you operated on?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4678.0,4681.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e They operated on my legs. They cut them open. It happened this way. I was listed for the operation. Every morning they made a list of twenty, thirty people to be operated on. These twenty people were selected by a physician who would say, ‘These are the people to be operated on today, they should go and “do” their necessary things, toilet affairs.’ And so, naked, as we were, we went in to be operated on, and each one waiting for his turn. The operation was taking place in the same room, only a curtain was provided that separated [the operating table] from the rest of the room, and we went in there. There was a Hungarian physician from Kosice, a German physician, and I begged him to operate on me after putting me to sleep. I was given an anesthetic, and he operated, and after the operation I had to go back, naked, on one foot. They did not carry me out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4681.0,4747.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e That is, after you came out from the anesthetic?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4747.0,4749.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, the narcotic lasted only for the operation. Only two—three minutes during the operation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4749.0,4756.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e On what did he operate?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4756.0,4757.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e He cut open my feet, the bottom of my feet, and bandaged it up, so that after such an operation I returned to my bed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4757.0,4769.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How are your feet now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4769.0,4770.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e My feet are cured now. They are now very well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4770.0,4774.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did he operate on both feet?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4774.0,4775.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No, only on one foot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4775.0,4777.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Were both swollen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4777.0,4779.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No, only one foot. And so it was on Christmas day. The food in the hospital was not better [that day]. We got 300 grams of bread in the morning and a half a liter of soup at midday and a three/fourths liter of soup in the evening. And the whole day we were lying, doing nothing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4779.0,4808.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What kind of soup was it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4808.0,4810.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The midday soup was the Buna soup, water, warm water with green leaves. In the evening we got soup with a bit of potatoes, or turnips or some cabbage in the soup. And we believed—","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4810.0,4831.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What were you eating it from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4831.0,4833.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e From a bowl. We drank the soup. We had no spoons to eat it with, and no knife to cut the bread. Only drinking it from the bowl. That was on Christmas day. They believed that on Christmas, on Christmas we would get some additional rations, Christmas, the great holiday of the Christians, but we got nothing, no additional rations. I was lying there until the third of January. The first of January was my birthday. I went to the block trusty and told him, ‘Mr. Block Trusty, today is my birthday. I want to ask you, give me today an additional portion of food.’ And he gave me another portion. The other people saw that, and they said, ‘I too have a birthday.’ They said it on the next day, and also approached him. But he had the card indexes of us and so he would say, ‘Good, you get food, but if it is not your birthday, you will be killed.’ And I saw him beating a sick person with a whip.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4833.0,4914.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e There in the hospital?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4914.0,4915.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e In the hospital, because he had approached him and said it was birthday and that he should be given another liter to eat. After that I got a bit better but I still could not stand on the other foot. I was taken to another room where the patients had been already operated on and who felt already a little better, and I remained there until the tenth of January. They wanted already to move me out from there because my wound was healed, but I myself would scratch the wound before the [doctors made their] rounds so that they wouldn’t see that it was healed. And they measured my temperature, and I also—the temperature...I heated up the thermometer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4915.0,4973.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How did you do it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4973.0,4974.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e I rubbed it on the blanket, the thermometer, so that it should go up so that I should have “fever”.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4974.0,4978.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where did you have the thermometer, in your mouth or in—","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4978.0,4987.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No, under the arm. When the physician would come to look, and he would see that I have fever, and would not discharge me. I know that if I leave the hospital with my linen suit, I shall die from the frost, and afterwards we heard people talking that the Russians were coming.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4987.0,5015.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Who would talk?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5015.0,5017.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The block trusties. They were already packing their things. They physicians and people were sewing already knapsacks from the blankets. Things were being distributed for the hospital, medicines and boxes to pack up the whole hospital. And so we remained in the hospital, and we heard that the Russians were coming. And one day the lager did not march out [to work], and it is because it was 10 degrees frost or 15 degrees frost, and at 15 degrees of frost the lager is not being taken to work. But we already knew that the Russians are coming and that the lager would be evacuated. And one night at eight all people were lined up for Appell. They handed out 600 grams of bread, 4 deca of margarine, 40 grams of margarine, 20 grams of some kind of liver sausage, and they told that the lager...’You are going to march ahead.’ In the hospitals those who could not walk were left there. The lager marched away that evening, at twelve, and remained only a few hundred, possibly four hundred menof the whole lager in the hospital.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5017.0,5123.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How come, four hundred people? That many were in the hospital?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5123.0,5126.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Four hundred people were in the hospital, out of ten thousand. The lager of prisoners at the Buna works counted ten thousand people. Among these ten thousand people there were four hundred who could not go ahead. I was then nearly all well. And we remained there without clothes, without anything, entirely naked.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5126.0,5149.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And the physicians?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5149.0,5150.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The physicians also departed. Only the sick were left. And among the sick there remained some sick physicians. And they took everything away. They took everything with them. Medicines, surgical supplies, everything, everything they took with them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5150.0,5169.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Food?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5169.0,5171.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Food—we also got a ration, that was given to those who went. They told us to distribute it, because it was the last food they were giving us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5171.0,5182.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did they tell you then that they were leaving you to the Russians?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5182.0,5185.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No, they said that we should remain and the SS detail would be sure to come and will take care of us. They knew that taking care of us meant they would destroy us. The next morning early I stepped out barefoot. I covered myself with a blanket, and so I stepped out from the block to look for clothing. I found some discarded old pants and wooden shoes that had been thrown away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5185.0,5219.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Who threw them away?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5219.0,5221.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The people who left. They couldn’t take these things with them. Only one change of clothes. And I dressed and I had the nerve to go further outside. My life I knew wasn’t worth anything. We shall be destroyed, or destroyed trying get away, and it so happened I dressed and stepped into the clothing storehouse.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5221.0,5248.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e There were no SS?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5248.0,5251.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, there remained ten SS in the whole lager. They didn’t even come in to us. And then I went in to explore what was going on in the kitchen. We always looked whether one couldn’t find there a turnip or something; and everything that the Jews from the hospital could find, those who could walk a little bit collected all the things in one place. They dressed, those who could dress, and they hid the things under the beds. I found quite a few things. I dressed up like a civilian, and under the civilian clothes I still had the striped clothing. I went into the shop and I found several pairs of pliers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5251.0,5306.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did anybody work in the shop?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5306.0,5308.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e There was a shop of the SS where they repaired the automobiles of the SS.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5308.0,5316.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, was anybody working there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5316.0,5317.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e They worked...Oh, that time, nobody was working anymore but before...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5317.0,5319.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Before, not when you came in there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5319.0,5321.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Nobody was working there at that time. We took the pliers and hid them away too. There was in my bed with me a Hungarian engineer. And we said, we will cut the wires because the wires were still loaded at high tension, and we will cut it and get out into the bunkers. We should not remain in the lager. The same night there arrived a great American, English demolition attack. We were in the hospital in wooden barracks, and bombs fell within a few hundred meters from us, and the whole barrack was shaking, shaking. Large bombs, small bombs, and afterwards the incendiary bombs. And the lager was hit. The last bombs fell on the lager. And the lager was hit by an incediary bomb, and the wooden barracks were burning, burning, and there was no electricity in the wires anymore. And the Jews all went outside. And there came the SS and said nobody should go out. If one goes out he will soon be dead, everybody should remain [inside]. And there came the fir engines from the plant and they extinguished the fire. And a miracle happened. The fire reached as far as the hospital, but the hospital did not burn down. The whole lager burned down, only the hospital did not. And then—","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5321.0,5434.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did the hospital have a red cross on the roof?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5434.0,5437.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No, no, no, no, no, no. A red cross—they did not have a red cross. The hospital did not have a red cross. And we, my comrade and I, had already taken our things into the bunker.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5437.0,5449.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What kind of bunker?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5449.0,5451.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The SS used this bunker before during the air raid alarms, and we took our things there, and we said we will go on. During that night there came in the SS and asked us whether we haven’t any water that was left in the canteen. There was some soda water in the canteen, a kind of mineral water. And we gave it to the SS, two bottles of mineral water. And they departed, and after that we say no more of the SS. And we remained in the bunker.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5451.0,5489.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why did you need water?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5489.0,5491.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The water system was no more. It was all bombed out. There was no more water, there was no more current, there was nothing left. Nothing to eat, nothing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5491.0,5501.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And the SS behaved decently?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5501.0,5502.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No, the SS didn’t say a word anymore. They only asked us if we had water, and they took the water and left instantly. They said nothing to us. And we see a stream of vehicles coming along the road.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5502.0,5522.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where did the SS come to get water, into the hospital?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5522.0,5524.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e They came into the hospital.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5524.0,5525.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Then they left?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5525.0,5526.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Then they left.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5526.0,5528.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And where were you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5528.0,5529.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We were in the hospital. Our things were in the bunker and we see on the street in front of the lager there go crowds of SS men, soldiers are marching, automobiles, tanks at high speed, and there walk Polish people and Reichs-Germans and Volks-Germans with wagons, and they transport their clothes and move on. We see that something was in the offing. That liberty is coming for us, and we walked away from the bunker. We entered the first village. We went into [the house of] a Polish peasant, and we told the Polish peasant to let us come in. He could see that the Germans are running away and that the Russians are coming. He took us into his house and gave us a bit to eat. He himself did not have much. For two days we were hiding with this peasant, and at night the Russians arrive. When the Russians arrived we ourselves went back to the lager and in the lager people were rejoicing. But of the four hundred people there remained only about two hundred people. The others had died from starvation, had died from typhus which started to ravage there, and we had nothing on our bodies. We had already long beards, three—four weeks old, and there were these musselmen who had only bones and flesh—flesh, do I say? They had nothing on [their bodies], only bones and bones.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5529.0,5656.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why do you call them musselmen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5656.0,5658.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e I think the musselmen are also so emaciated, like Ghandi, he also is so emaciated. These people were so [badly] emaciated. And they looked like just bone and bone. And the Russians photographed it all, and the Russians gave us food. They gave us bread. They slaughtered a whole cow and brought us the meat, and we cooked it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5658.0,5692.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where did they get the cow?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5692.0,5694.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e From the Poles. They took it away from the Poles, the cow. And they gave us canned food and we ate it. I knew that one shouldn’t eat much, because we had not eaten for a long time. Only turnips, only potatoes, and dirt that we found there. And we asked a Russian officer what we should do. So he said, ‘Where are you from?’ We said, ‘We are Hungarians.’ So he said, ‘You should go to Krakow, and from Krakow the trains are already running and you can go home already.’ That was the twenty-fifth of January in 1945. And soon we marched on. We took two other comrades and, with my comrade, the four of us marched on foot. Krakow was 60 kilometers away and I, with my foot that still had pus, we marched on, on foot. And all along the road we asked the Russians for some food, and they gave us a bit of bread—some would give us a bit of canned food, and we ate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5694.0,5775.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e You didn’t go on a vehicle?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5775.0,5777.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No, we didn’t travel on a vehicle. At night we would step into [the house of] a Polish family who lived there, and we asked them to let us lie down. We slept there, they gave us a bit of warm soup, and we marched on. Twenty kilometers from Krakow there stood the Russian outposts. They gathered us all together and transported us to Krakow. In frakow there were already a lot of people, liberated people assembled in a large place, what do they call it? An armory. The Russians fed us there. They give us food and they ask us the next day...we were there Jews, Christians, Frenchmen, all kinds of nationalities, and they asked us ‘Who wants to be a Russian soldier?’ Who wanted to become a soldier and enter the Russian Army? I saw things wouldn’t be good there. It was already very dirty, there were already lice. And I and my comrades went to town and looked for the Red Cross. We found there the Red Cross. The International Red Cross. We went in. I knew French and my comrade also spoke French well, and we told a little lie. We told the Polish physician, since he is a physician and I am a physician, too, and now we have come from the lager, we are very weak. I didn’t want to tell him that I was a Jew, because if I say that I am a Jew they wouldn’t have accepted me. We said that we were Frenchmen and that we come from the lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5777.0,5893.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why wouldn’t they accept the Jews?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5893.0,5895.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e There was already then Anti-Semitism there. And they accepted us and took us in and gave us a clean white bed, and we stayed there for two weeks, and after two weeks we worked; we took care of the sick. And we went into town to ask how we can get home.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5895.0,5919.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e To Hungary?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5919.0,5920.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Hungary, yes. We heard that there were no trains. We couldn’t travel as we expected. So that we remained in Krakow for a whole month in the hospital, and we had it very good. We got there some money and we got a bit [of money]. We got to eat very well, so that I gained 10 kilos. When I arrived I weighed 48 kilos, so that afterwards I weighed already 85 [?] kilos, already pretty good. And then—","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5920.0,5961.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How did you get to Italy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5961.0,5965.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We went—in Krakow I got documents from the Russian authorities and I went to Tarnow, Przemysl.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5965.0,5977.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How did you travel, by train?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5977.0,5979.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e By train, yes. We went in railroad cars.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5979.0,5982.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you need tickets?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5982.0,5983.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No, they didn’t ask for any tickets. They asked nothing. We would go along the road and beg for food and we traveled to Tarnow, Przemysl, and I wanted to get through there across the Russian border to Hungary, but they could not let us through there, and we went back to Tarnow, Rzeszow, Przemysl. We returned to Tarnow, and from Tarnow to Krosno [there follows a string of names of small Slavic towns] into Slovakia to Hungary to Miskolc. In Miskolc we were again disinfected. There I looked for a Jewish relief committee. A Hungarian policeman, I asked him, ‘Does there live in Miskolc, a Jew?’ ‘Yes.’ There I go the first help, and from there I went to Budapest. In Budapest I still saw the dead on the streets. At the time Budapest had been liberated from the Germans. The Russians were there. Conditions were very hard in Budapest. There was no food. And I didn’t find any of my relatives. And I went to the American Joint [JDC] which had already started to work there and found work with them. I worked there as a secretary with the American Joint in Budapest. And from there, I was sent to Szombathely to my home town which was then free from the Germans. And in Szombathely I worked again from the Joint at the station for Austrian people, those who came from Austria to Hungary, the deported people. There we would give them the first assistance, and I, who had been through all these experiences, did it with all my heart and without pay, and I did it readily.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean ‘without pay’? Didn’t the Joint pay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6120.0,6123.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We did not get pay from the Joint. We only got there our food and quarters from the Joint. and clothing from the Joint. and we did it without money. I did not find anybody of my relatives. Nobody remained from the big, large family that we had. I remained with one cousin who lives in New Zealand. I have nobody. There in Szombathely in my home town I got married. And I told the Joint I want to go on, I want to go to Palestine. And from Hungary I came to Italy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6123.0,6165.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Why to Italy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6165.0,6167.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Because from Italy we knew the Alya goes to Palestine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6167.0,6174.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Alya?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6174.0,6175.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Alya. Alya means to depart, to travel forward. It is a work in Hebrew, a Jewish word.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6175.0,6183.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How did you make connections with the Kibbutz?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6183.0,6188.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Already for a long time in Hungary before the war, as a child I already belonged to an organization, to an organization of the Hnoa [??], of the Zionists. A juvenile organization, I was already in the juvenile organization Hanoa [??]. Finally I arrived here, I was accepted. I joined Kibbutz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6188.0,6213.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6213.0,6214.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e First I was in Merano [??]. From Merano to Rome, from Rome I was sent to Bari. In Bari in a transit camp, I was registered by the UNRRA, and from there they sent me to Santa Maria Campania. There was a UNRRA camp; there I lived in a Kibbutz until July. In July I was taken to Rome. In Rome again I was in Hachshara, and from Rome I was brought here to this place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6214.0,6242.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell me, did you enter Italy legally with a visa, with a passport?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6242.0,6246.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No, I came illegally into Italy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6246.0,6249.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How did you get across the border?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6249.0,6251.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We.....I don’t know—I can’t talk about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6251.0,6256.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, don’t, but from Hungary, is there a border directly with Italy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6256.0,6260.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No, there is not border. We went from Hungary to Yugoslavia, and through Austria I went through Yugoslavia to Italy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6260.0,6271.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But once you are in Italy, you are not being sent out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6271.0,6274.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No, from Italy one is not being sent out. The UNRRA registers one. Now already, not the UNRRA or the Joint, but the Kibbutz take the people through UNRRA registration, and in this way the people become legalized.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6274.0,6287.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e They are being legalized.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6287.0,6288.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e They are being legalized.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6288.0,6289.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How many people are there in the Kibbutz?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6289.0,6292.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Now there are seventy people in the Kibbutz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6292.0,6296.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. And your wife is with you in the same Kibbutz?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6296.0,6300.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, in the same Kibbutz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6300.0,6301.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Have you a room for your wife and yourself?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6301.0,6303.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e No, we are...thirty-six people in one room, men and women together. All of us married so that we live in one bed, two together the wife with her husband.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6303.0,6319.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And there are other husbands and wives in the same room.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6319.0,6322.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e In the same room. Ten cm. away is the nest bed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6322.0,6328.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How can people live that way?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6328.0,6329.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e It is very hard to live. But we readily live that way because we know that possibly the time is not so far away when we will have a free life; we shall be in our country, where we are striving to go. In Palestine, we will be again human beings, we will be able to work; and we won’t eat anymore the bread of UNRRA and of the Joint.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6329.0,6351.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Does the UNRRA know that you live that way?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6351.0,6354.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The UNRRA doesn’t know. If UNRRA comes we show them the other side of life. And if UNRRA knows, they pretend not to know about it, about such a life. If UNRRA wants to do something, they can also register the other people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6354.0,6373.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you mean,’the other people’?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6373.0,6374.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e The ones that are not registered, who come illegally now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6374.0,6378.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But to live that way—the way you life—families...does UNRRA know that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6378.0,6383.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, yes, yes. That UNRRA knows. There came from UNRRA the control, a medical inspector from the Joint, from UNRRA, and they have seen it. They measured out the room in cubic meters, and they said that it is possible for so many people to live in one room.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6383.0,6399.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e But men and women? Are there children in the same room?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6399.0,6402.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, they are together in the room.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6402.0,6405.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, did nobody request that you get better living conditions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6405.0,6410.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e There are no better living conditions. We know it, and we don’t want now any better living conditions. We want better conditions in EREZ, in our country. We don’t want to be here for long. So far ahead, and we hope we will get there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6410.0,6427.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did some people go already?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6427.0,6429.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, they went. Many, many of my comrades have gone. My brother-in-law who was together with me, my best comrades have gone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6429.0,6438.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did they get certificates? To get into Palestine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6438.0,6441.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e They did not get certificates. They went illegally.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6441.0,6444.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And now since the English are taking them to Cyprus, to concentration camps?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6444.0,6449.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e Still we will go. Still we will go. Legally or illegally. We shall go illegally but we shall go. And when we are taken to Cyprus we shall still go, because we know that when we are taken to Cyprus, we will be taken to EREZ. It won’t take a long time in Cyprus.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6449.0,6464.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e How does one get the ships to go?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6464.0,6467.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e We know nothing about it. That I don’t want to talk about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6467.0,6469.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, yes, yes. I don’t want to ask you either. And wher do new people come from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6469.0,6481.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Kaldore:\u003c/strong\u003e New people come from Poland. In Poland there is anti-Semitism. They go to Austria. They live there for some time. How it is written in the newspapers, the Jewish papers, that they come from Poland. Czechoslovakia has issued an ultimatum to America to permit the Jews to enter the American Zone, to admit the Jews to Austria, and from Austria they could come here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6481.0,6504.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] This concludes Spool 99 taken at Tradate between Milan and Como on August 31st, 1946. This concludes Kaldore, George Kaldore. Illinois Institute of Technology Wire Recording.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6504.0,6515.75656"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7999/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/007/999/original/george-kaldore_en.txt?1725399987","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/007/999/original/george-kaldore_en.txt?1725399987"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["German transcript [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] August 31st, 1946. Italy... the Castle Tradate between Milan and Como. The Interviewee is George Kaldore, twenty three (23) years old, born in Hungary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1.295,22.935"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In German] Also George, sagen Sie mir, wie alt waren Sie und wo waren Sie, wie der Krieg anfing? Sagen Sie uns nochmal Ihren Namen und alles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=22.935,35.808"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Mein Name ist George Kaldore, geboren in Ungarn in Stadt Szombathely bei der Östereichichen-Ungarischen Grenze, 23 Jahre alt bin ich. Als der Krieg aus ausbruch bin ich gewesen in meiner Heimatstadt und ich habe damals abgemacht meine Matura.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=35.808,57.563"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wie alt waren Sie da?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=57.563,59.202"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ich war damals 18 Jahre alt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=59.202,61.985"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: . Ah hm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=61.985,62.768"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Dann bin ich in die Hauptstadt Budapest, weil es ist schon gewesen in Ungarn die Juden Gesetze, was die ungarische Regierung hat eingebracht in Ungarn. Ich bin überhaupt gekommen nach Budapest, um dort ein Fach aus zu lernen, weil ich mein weiteres Lernen nicht , weil ich nicht weiter studieren konnte, weil die ungarische Regierung in dem Juden Gesetz verboten hat Juden weiter zu studieren.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=62.768,93.443"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Also sagen Sie – ein Moment, George – wie viele Leute waren in Ihrer Familie? Und wo waren Ihr Vater, Ihre Mutter und wie viele Brüder und wie viel Schwestern haben Sie gehabt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=93.443,102.461"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Mein Vater und Mutter und mein Bruder sind gewesen in der – in Szombathely, in Steinamanger , in meiner Heimatstadt. Ich allein bin gewesen in Budapest. Ich hab eine sehr alte Familie, die sind in meiner Heimatstadt. Mein Vater hat ein Geschäft gehabt, das in neun und dreißig (39) das hundert (100) jährige Jubiläum gehabt hat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=102.461,124.809"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was für ein Geschäft hat er gehabt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=124.809,126.654"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Mein Vater hat gehabt ein Kleidergeschäft. Es war in Szombathely und es war was er von seinem Vater und der wieder von seinem Vater, und so weiter, hm, von seinem Vater er..... er ..... ererbt hatte ja.. Ich habe mir ausgelernt in Budapest ein Fach der Weberei und Strickerei und nach dem in neunzehn hundert vierzig bin ich eingerückt worden zu dem ungarischen Arbeitsdienst. Das heißt in Ungarn – da sind alle Juden herein gegangen in ein Arbeitslager, was man genannt hat Ungarischen Arbeitsdienst. Dort sind wir gegangen in unserer eigenen Kleidung und wir haben gemacht Festungen und Flugplätze für die deutschen und ungarischen Soldaten und für das ungarische Amt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=126.654,179.047"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Waren dort in dem Lager die SS oder die Ungarn?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=179.047,182.507"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, dort waren nur die ungarischen Offiziere, welche haben uns sehr schlecht aufgenommen. Wir haben, hm, Essen haben wir bekommen dort, aber so schlafen, da waren wir zusammen in einem, in einem großen Saal sehr viele. Und nachdem hat man uns gezwungen zu der Arbeit und es waren solche Offiziere, die haben sehr viel geschlagen auch. Nachdem habe ich abgerüstet und bin herein gegangen in ein Kriegswerk, wo ich habe in meinem Fach weiter gemacht.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=182.507,216.718"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was heißt, Sie haben abgerüstet?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=216.718,218.959"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das heißt, von die Soldaten hat man mich weg gelassen auf einen Urlaub und herein gesetzt in ein Werk, einem so genannten Kriegswerk, wo wir haben gemacht für die ungarischen und die deutschen Soldaten Pullover, Handschuhe und warme Sachen für die Front.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=218.959,238.849"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Also warten Sie mal! Sie waren im Arbeitsdienst, wo man Sie genommen hat quasi als Soldat, nicht wahr?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=238.849,246.795"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Als Soldat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=246.795,247.259"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Aber Juden durften nicht Soldaten sein.....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=247.259,249.004"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, Juden durften nicht Soldaten sein.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=249.004,250.479"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: ... und so hat man Sie einberufen? Wie alt waren Sie?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=250.479,253.066"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Damals war ich zwanzig Jahre.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=253.066,254.57"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Also wären Sie sonst Soldat gewesen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=254.57,256.345"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=256.345,256.777"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und so hat man Sie einberufen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=256.777,258.331"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Einberufen als Arbeitsdienstlicher.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=258.331,260.655"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und dann hat man Sie beurlaubt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=260.655,262.484"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja beurlaubt. Und dort bin ich gewesen ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=262.484,265.072"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wo war das?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=265.072,265.502"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: ... in dem, hm, Betrieb, so sie haben gemacht Handschuhe und Schals und warme Sachen für die Soldaten für den Winter und bin ich gewesen bis, hm, vier und vierzig (44). Im vier und vierzigsten (44.) Jahr ist in Ungarn herein gekommen die Deutschen, am 8. März. An diesem Tag ist es gewesen ein Bitterer, es ist gewesen ein Sonntag und wir haben gesehen in Budapest auf die Strassen – es kommen herein Tanks und deutsche SS Männer und deutsche Soldaten. Ich bin noch nach Hause gegangen an dem Abend mit dem Zug, man hat schon nicht mehr gekonnt nach Hause gehen, aber ich mit christlicher Schriften bin nach Hause gegangen, meine Mutter sehen und was zu Hause ist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=265.502,316.406"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wieso haben Sie christliche Schriften gehabt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=316.406,318.994"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ich habe bekommen die christlichen Schriften von der zionistischen Organisation, zu der ich früher gehört habe und die haben schon damals gemacht die christlichen Dokumente, die so genannten falschen Papiere, arische Papiere. Wie ich bin nach Hause gegangen war ich zu Hause nur einen Tag und meine Mutter hat das gespürt und da hat sie mir gesagt: „Mein lieber Sohn, ich sehe dich zum letzten Mal.“ Und da hab ich gesagt meiner Mutter: „Nein, meine Mutter, ich werde sein da zu Hause auf Seder, .....ist nicht weit Seder, Pesach und ich werde sein zusammen mit Dir.“ Aber sie hat nur geweint und ich bin weg gegangen und habe meine Mutter nicht mehr gesehen. Ich war damals in Budapest und in Budapest haben wir schon große 10 Zentimeter im Durchmesser messende Sterne getragen auf der Strasse. Wir konnten nicht herein gehen in die Konditoreien, in die Geschäfte. Wir haben gehabt zwei (2) Stunden um einzukaufen die Sachen. Damals ist gekommen die große Plakate auf der Strasse, dass alle Juden von 18 Jahre an einzurücken zur Arbeitsdienst. Ich bin herein gegangen zum Arbeitsdienst – von Budapest nicht weit - in Hatvan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=318.994,396.968"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Sagen Sie, müssen Sie eigentlich?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=396.968,398.653"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, sie müssen – auf Plakaten – Mobilisation für jüdische Arbeitsdienste. Ich bin herein gegangen im Juni, hab dort aufgenommen meine, mein so genanntes Soldatenbuch,das B-Buch und bin gewesen dort nur eine ganz kurze Zeit, weil man hat uns geschickt weiter von dort. Aber wir sind nicht weit gekommen. Zehn (10) Kilometer von dort in einer kleinen Stadt, von (unverständlich), Hatvan sind wir dort eingetroffen um zwölf (12) Uhr. Es war ein Fliegeralarm. Die Gendarmerie, die ungarische Gendarmerie .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=398.653,441.975"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: In welchem Jahr war das?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=441.975,443.067"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das war im Jahr vier und vierzig (44) Juni. Die ungarische Gendarmerie ist gestanden bei der Bahn und hat gesagt – mit Gewehr und mit Stöcken – und hat gesagt: „Juden alles herunter kommen“. Wir haben uns gedacht, vielleicht treiben sie uns herein in einen Bunker, weil es war ja Fliegeralarm. Die englischen Flugzeuge sind gekommen. Man treibt herein in einen Bunker oder auf eine Wiese heraus, dass wir sollen nicht stehen auf dem Bahnhof. Man hat uns aber nicht auf eine Wiese gebracht, sondern von dort in zwei (2) Minuten sind wir gewesen in einer Zuckerfabrik. Dort ein Ghetto, das kleine Ghetto – gewesen das kleine Ghetto, wo die Juden von der Stadt gewohnt haben. Das war schon – die Juden haben schon zusammen gewohnt in dem ... in einem ... in dieser Fabrik. Wir sind an ..... angekommen dort. Es war ganz dunkel. Es hat geheißen, alle sollen das Gepäck herunter legen auf die Erde und wir sollen sich niedersetzen und keiner soll ein Wort nicht sagen. Keiner soll etwas zerreißen – Geld oder Dokumente – jeder soll sein ganz still.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=443.067,519.179"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Hm. Wie viele Leute waren sie?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=519.179,520.963"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Wir waren dort hundert fünfzig (150) von dem Arbeitsdienst. Wir haben nur das gesehen, dass diese andere Reihe sind wieder gewesen die Päckel, so was wir schon gekannt haben, das sind gewesen von anderer Arbeitsdienst-Leute die Päckel. Wir sind dort gesessen eine halbe ( ½ ) Stunde lang, dann hat man geblasen der Fliegeralarm ist zu Ende. Dann ist gekommen ein deutscher Offizier mit ungarischem Offizier und Polizeimenschen – mitgekommen ein jüdischer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=520.963,557.672"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Hm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=557.672,558.253"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: ....mitgekommen ist ein jüdischer Polizeimann und haben uns erklärt, dass wir dort alle Wertsachen und alles, was wir bei uns haben an Dokumenten, sollen wir legen auf die Erde. Wir haben das getan. Wir haben doch gar nicht gewusst, was mit uns passieren wird weiter. Es sind gekommen die Gendarmerie und haben raus gesucht in die Taschen, was wir noch drinnen haben. Wir haben ja gar nichts gehabt. Wir haben Angst gehabt, denn wir haben gewusst, wenn wir nicht abgeben, bekommen wir einen großen Schlag ..... Schläge. Wir haben das auch abgegeben und sie haben das genommen für sich. Wir haben das selbst mit unseren Augen gesehen, dass sie legen das herein in ihre eigenen Taschen. Nachdem, dass wir unsere Sachen abgegeben haben, hat der ungarische Offizier ungarisch gesagt und nachdem ist gekommen der deutsche Offizier, der nicht einmal ein deutscher Offizier war, sondern ein ungarischer Offizier, der sogenannte Zöldy – Kapitan Zöldy – was gemacht hat in (unverständlich – klingt wie Novisdan) die Unruhe Politik, die Programme, was die ganze Welt gesprochen hat davon. Es ist gewesen der deutsche SS Mann und hat uns gesagt: „Juden, ihr seid jetzt da im Ghetto. Wir werden uns übertragen in ein Arbeitslager. Ihr werdet dort arbeiten und ihr sollt euch gut auf .. enthalten. Jetzt geht ihr herein in diese Baracke, da werdet ihr bleiben bis in der Früh. Und in der Früh werdet ihr weiter wissen, was mit dir ... mir euch geschieht.“ In der Früh um sechs (6) Uhr sind aufgestanden die Juden in dem Lager, das heißt – nicht in dem Lager, im Ghetto – und wir haben bekommen eine warme Krautsuppe und wir sehen, dass die Juden packen. Es ist gekommen ein Polizei und sie sagen, was ist los da im Ghetto und sagen, heute wird das ganze Ghetto abtransportiert werden. Gestern ist gegangen ein Transport und heute gehen wir – der Rest. Es ist gekommen wieder der SS Offizier und hat gesagt, wer nicht Jude ist - wer ein anderer Staatsbürger ist und nicht ein ungarischer Staatsbürger ist, soll sich melden.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=558.253,697.945"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: So – Juden oder nicht Juden?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=697.945,699.6"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Auch Juden, wer nicht, hm, ein, ein ungarischer Staatsbürger ist. Es sind hervor getreten drei (3) Menschen. Einer mit einem schwedischen Pass, er ist gegangen zu ihm und man hat ihn weg getragen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=699.6,713.18"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was ist mit ihm passiert? Man hat ihn weg geführt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=713.18,716.258"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Weg geführt, ja. Zwei (2) Juden sind gegangen, sie haben gesagt, ‚wir sind Christen’. Da hat er gesagt: ‚Ihre Dokumente?’ Da haben sie gesagt: ‚Du hast uns gestern weg genommen die Dokumente.’ Da hat er gesagt: ‚Ich hab nichts weg genommen – kein Dokument. Ihr habt es mir gegeben die Dokumente. Kommt her, ich werd euch suchen .... untersuchen, ob ihr seid Christen oder nicht.’ Und er geht hin und so, dass es alle sehen sollen, hat er gesehen die Rasse. Hat er gesehen die Augen, die Haare, das Gesicht. Dann sagt er: ‚Mein Lieber, es kann sein, du bist jetzt ein Christ, dass du bist ein getaufter Christ, aber dein Vater ist gewesen ein Jud und du bist auch ein Jud.’ Und hat ihn schon geschlagen mit dem Knüppel, den er hat in der Hand gehabt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=716.258,766.158"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und er hat nur das Gesicht untersucht, die Augen und das Gesicht und sonst nichts?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=766.158,770.19"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Er hat gar nichts Anderes untersucht, nur das Gesicht und er hat gesagt: ‚Du bist nicht von der Rasse von – von der Mongol, Du bist eine Rasse – eine jüdische Rasse.’ Wir sind nicht geblieben dort lange Zeit im Ghetto.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=770.19,784.047"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Warum Mongol?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=784.047,785.19"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die ungarische Rasse gehört zu der mongolischen Rasse.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=785.19,788.049"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja. Und?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=788.049,790.065"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Wir sind nicht lange geblieben dort im Ghetto, wir sind geblieben dort bis zwölf (12) Uhr. Das heißt zwölf (12) Stunden sind wir im Ganzen gewesen im Ghetto. Um zwölf (12) Uhr hat es geheißen, alle nehmen die Säcke, das wir noch gehabt haben und, hm, dann zur Kontrolle. Bei der Kontrolle hat man alle guten Sachen heraus genommen in, in ....... von die Päckel. Wir haben ja gar nichts gehabt, wie sind ein ..., wir sind die ...herein gegangen zu dem ungarischen Arbeitsdienst, wir haben mit genommen ein Kleid und Unterwäsche und solche Sachen, was wir haben gebraucht bei dem ungarischen Arbeitsdienst zu arbeiten. Wir haben geglaubt man wird uns nachschicken solche Sachen, wir bleiben ja in Ungarn. Und ohne etwas zu essen und ohne zu trinken, sind wir herein gestoßen worden in die Wagons – fünf und achtzig Menschen in einen Wagon – und der Zug ist gestanden dort. Ein langer Zug – nicht ein ungarischer Zug, sondern deutsche Reichsbahn ist gestanden dort auf der ungarischen Station.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=790.065,856.213"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Von wo hat man so viele Menschen genommen, sie sagen, es waren im Ganzen hundert zwanzig (120).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=856.213,859.824"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Hundert zwanzig (120) sind wir gewesen vom Arbeitsdienst, aber im Ghetto sind gewesen von Umgebung von Budapest die Menschen, das heißt von Hatvan und von Hatvan die Umgebung. Es sind gewesen dort ungefähr zwei, drei tausend (2, 3000) Menschen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=859.824,874.607"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ah hm!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=874.607,875.54"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Man hat uns gesagt, .... um zwölf Uhr sind wir herein gegangen in die Wagons. Die Wagons sind bald abge ... plombt, abgeplombt geworden und erstens hat man genannt einen als Kommandant für den Wagon. Und man hat gar nichts Wasser und gar nichts herein gegeben. Die ungarische Gendarmerie mit der Polizei ist gestanden neben den Wagons. Und sie sind gegangen mit den Gewehren und keiner hat nicht können heraus von die Wagons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=875.54,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=0.0,910.694"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Keiner .... nur drinnen gesessen und wir sind gesessen und wir haben geglaubt, wo man uns hin fuhren wird. Einer hat gesagt man wird uns fuhren nach Österreich; der Andere hat gesagt man wird uns führen durch Ungarn, man wird uns führen in den deutschen Arbeitsdienst. Aber wir ungarischen Juden, wir waren diese Juden, die haben nichts gewusst von Auschwitz – wir haben nichts gehört vom Radio von Auschwitz und wenn gekommen sind die polnischen Juden und die deutschen Juden – haben wir gesagt: ‚Nein, das kann nicht sein – das kann nicht sein, dass man verbrennt deutsche und polnische Juden in Auschwitz.’ Wir haben das nicht geglaubt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=910.694,948.352"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was haben Sie das vom Radio gesagt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=948.352,950.558"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Wir haben nichts gehört vom Radio – im Radio von Auschwitz. Wir haben im Geheimnis gehört vom Londoner Radio. Aber das Londoner Radio hat auch nichts gesagt, dass man verbrennt Juden. Wir haben geglaubt, das ist doch immer eine Propaganda. Wir haben das nicht geglaubt, dass man verbrennt Juden. Und, hm, um vier (4) Uhr nachmittags ist der Zug abgefahren. Gefahren nach, hm, Süden herauf – nach Miskolc. In Miskolc sind wir gewesen in der Nacht. In Miskolc hat man zugegeben noch der Ghetto noch von Miskolc .... vom Ghetto noch von Miskolc. Von Miskolc sind wir abgefahren um zwölf (12) Uhr in der Nacht und auf einer Station, noch auf der ungarischen Seite, ist der Zug etwas langsamer gegangen. Von dem Zug die Kameraden haben gesagt: ‚Kinder man kann uns noch retten. Wir springen heraus von den Wagons.’","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=950.558,1009.533"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Aber sie waren doch plombiert?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1009.533,1010.947"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, es war plombiert, aber oben diese Wagons sind die Ketterl. Und wir haben gehabt eine kleine, ....... diese, diese Ketterl von Eisen gemacht ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1010.947,1020.757"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Gitter?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1020.757,1021.97"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Gitter von Eisen gemacht, ja. Und wir haben gehabt eine kleine Säge und wir haben abgesegelt .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1021.97,1028.99"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Abgesägt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1028.99,1030.013"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Wir haben abgesägt und fünf (5) Menschen von unserem Wagon sind heraus gesprungen. Und die fünf (5) Menschen, nachdem wir nach Hause gekommen sind vom Lager, haben wir gesprochen mit diesen Menschen und diese Menschen sind gerettet geworden. Man hat sie nicht gesehen. Die Wagons hat man ... sind gewesen, hm, ungarische Gendarmerie bis zu der ungarischen slowakischen Grenze bis Kosice. Die ungarische Gendarmerie ist gesessen oben auf dem Dach und sie haben von da gesehen, was in den Wagons geschieht. Bis Kosice hat man gar nicht aufgemacht die Wagons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1030.013,1070.806"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das ist gewesen vier und zwanzig (24) Stunden zu fahren. Wir sind in die Wagons .... Einer ist gestanden, der Zweite ist gelegen; schon mit einem großen Bart die Menschen – Menschen, die als wilde Tiere ausgeschaut. Schon sind gewesen in unserem Wagon zwei tote Menschen, gewesen sind drei, vier (3,4), die sind ganz verrückt geworden, sie haben schon nicht gekonnt sprechen von dem Durst. Und in Kosice hat man aufgemacht die Wagons, da ist herein gekommen schon die SS Polizei und die deutsche Gendarmerie; nicht SS sondern deutsche Gendarmerie. Man hat herein gegeben in jeden Wagon ungefähr zehn (10) Liter Wasser ..... für 80 Menschen, so dass jeder einer Mensch hat bekommen ein ganz bisschen zu trinken und ......","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1070.806,1122.041"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wie hat man das Wasser gegeben?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1122.041,1123.997"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das Wasser hat man gebracht in einem Keiler, in einem , hm, ....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1123.997,1128.21"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Kessel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1128.21,1128.631"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: ... in einem Kessel, in einem so einem Kessel hat man gebracht Wasser und den Kessel hat man dann heraus genommen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1128.631,1133.476"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und wie hat man getrunken?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1133.476,1135.582"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Man hat getrunken von einem kleinen Glas von zwei (2) Dezi.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1135.582,1139.848"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Von zwei (2)?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1139.848,1141.088"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Von zwei (2) Dezi.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1141.088,1142.402"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Gramm?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1142.402,1143.616"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Von zwei (2) Dezigramm","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1143.616,1145.275"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Haben sie jedem gegeben das selbe Glas?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1145.275,1147.631"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Man hat nicht Jedem gegeben das selbe Glas. Man hat sich dort gestoßen für das Wasser, Einer hat mehr getrunken, der Andere hat gar nichts getrunken. Und, hm, man hat herunter genommen von dem Wagon die toten Menschen dort. Gekommen ist wieder der ungarische Offizier bei der Grenze und bei der Grenze in Kosice hat man uns gesagt: „ Wer sich fühlt , dass er nicht Jude, soll herunter kommen.’ Aber es war schon kein Mensch, der hat nicht gewollt Jude sein – Jude war schon Jude - und alle zusammen sind wir gefahren in die Wagons weiter. Der Wagon ist gefahren durch die Slowakei . In der Slowakei bei die Deutschen ist gewesen so, der Deutsche ist herein gekommen eine Station nach der ungarischen Grenze und er hat gesagt: „Juden, ich weiß, ihr hab noch bei euch Gulden, ich habt noch bei euch ungarisches Geld. Ihr werdet geführt an einen Ort, wo man nicht nützen kann den Gulden, wo man nicht nützen kann das Essen, gar nichts nützen kann – ihr werdet alles bekommen. Ihr sollt uns geben Essen, ihr sollt uns geben Geld ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1147.631,1218.834"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was für Essen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1218.834,1220.669"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: So Essen, Konserven und Geld und Gulden und Kleider. Und einer wollte Handschuhe und der Andere hat gebeten für Strümpfe von uns, gute Strümpfe. Sie haben alle gewusst, die Juden haben die besten Sachen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1220.669,1235.169"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Haben denn die Juden die besten Sachen gehabt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1235.169,1236.944"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja,. Wir haben gehabt noch damals die besten Sachen, wir haben das von daheim noch mit genommen. Und dafür – sie haben uns gesagt, sie geben uns .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1236.944,1245.399"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was heißt die besten Sachen? Bessere Sachen, als die Christen gehabt haben oder die Juden haben ihre besten Sachen mitgenommen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1245.399,1251.718"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die Juden haben die besten Sachen mitgenommen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1251.718,1253.915"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ihre eigenen Sachen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1253.915,1255.143"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die eigenen Sachen, ja, ja. Und dafür haben sie gesagt, wenn ihr gibt das uns, dann kriegt ihr Wasser. Und die Juden haben noch genommen Geld und wir haben bekommen von ihnen noch Wasser, ein wenig Wasser.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1255.143,1271.004"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und die Juden haben noch Geld gehabt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1271.004,1272.629"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die Juden haben noch ... nach der Untersuchung – haben sie noch immer Geld gehabt in den Taschen. Und wir sind weiter gefahren – von der Slowakei nach Polen. In Polen - in Krakau haben wir gefragt die Deutschen, wir haben heraus geschaut dort bei den kleinen Fenster, was ist schon geworden zu gemacht in Kosice, wir haben ein bisserl herausgeschaut und gefragt, was wird mit uns sein. Das haben die Lokomotisten gesagt, die schon Deutsche waren, denn Krakau war schon eine besetzte Stadt – und da haben sie gesagt zu uns: ‚Ihr geht nach Birkenau.’ Wir haben nicht gewusst was ist Birkenau, Birkenau haben wir gedacht, das ist der Himmel, er hat uns gezeigt, dass es brennt und wir haben gar nichts gewusst was und wohin wir gehen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1272.629,1327.625"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Haben Sie gedacht, es ist etwas Gutes oder etwas Schlechtes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1327.625,1329.762"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, wir haben gedacht, das das ist was Schlechtes. Wir haben doch zwischen uns gesagt – die paar Menschen, die haben noch gekonnt denken, ..... weil die Meisten haben schon gar nicht mehr gekonnten denken. Es waren .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1329.762,1340.353"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wie alt waren Sie damals?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1340.353,1341.85"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ich war damals, hm, drei und zwanzig (23) Jahre alt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1341.85,1344.536"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Aha. Und jetzt sind sie ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1344.536,1346.04"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Und jetzt bin ich über drei und zwanzig (23).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1346.04,1348.583"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und das war In welchem Jahr? In fünf und vierzig (45)?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1348.583,1351.351"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, das war in dem .... das war im Jahr vier und vierzig (44). Oh ja, ich war zwei und zwanzig (22) Jahre alt damals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1351.351,1356.91"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Weiter, George.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1356.91,1358.354"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ich war zwei und zwanzig (22) Jahre alt. Die Menschen waren schon, die fünf und achtzig Menschen, die haben nicht gekonnt heraus gehen von den Wagons, sie haben dort gemusst ihre Sachen erledigen in den Wagons .... so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1358.354,1371.564"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was meine Sie damit?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1371.564,1373.121"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Kleine Sachen ja, Toilettensache erledigen dort.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1373.121,1376.198"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Also was haben sie gemacht, wenn sie haben müssen was tun – sie hatten keine Toilette im Wagon?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1376.198,1380.987"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, das ist gewesen ein Wagon für Tiere. Diese Viehwagons waren das. Wir haben genommen die (unverständlich), diese Teller, die wir haben mitgenommen zum Essen und wir haben in den herein gemacht und das herausgeworfen in dem Fenster. Und es war stinkend in dem Wagon, es war warm und wir haben nicht gehabt Wasser zu trinken. Und schon Essen was wir haben noch mitgenommen – ein bisserl was in den Säcken noch versteckt war, war auch schon nicht da. Und so sind wir angekommen in Auschwitz ..... und von Auschwitz ist es zwei (2 km) Kilometer nach Birkenau – diese Station. Man hat uns genommen auf eine solches Bahngeleise, wo nur ein Zug gestanden ist – unser Zug. Wir sind angekommen und ..... nachdem wir sind angekommen nach Birkenau auf dem Geleise, haben wir gesehen Menschen in blau weißen gestreiften Anzüge, sie sind gelaufen zu der Bahn und sagen jiddisch, dass: ‚Jüd, Ihr sollt runter steigen von der Bahn mit allem – ihr sollt herunter steigen mit alles und aufreihen.’ Wir sind herunter gestiegen ....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1380.987,1454.761"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Waren das jüdische Capos?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1454.761,1456.506"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das war nicht jüdisches Gestapo. Das war ein Kommando, was wir später erst gewusst haben, das war das sogenannte Kanada Kommando.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1456.506,1465.684"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und was war das?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1465.684,1466.617"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das war das Kommando was übergenommen hat die Transporte was angekommen sind.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1466.617,1471.702"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Warum hat man sie genannt Kanada Kommando?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1471.702,1473.507"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Kanada, weil die haben gehabt Essen, weil sie haben von dort gestohlen,weil sie haben getragen die Sachen von Juden, was in die Transporte waren auf den Wagons. Die Sachen getragen in das Magazin und sie haben dort sehr viel Essen gehabt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1473.507,1489.967"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Waren sie jüdisch ... Juden?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1489.967,1491.24"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Juden, ja, ja, das waren Juden, deportierte Juden, die in diesem Kommando gearbeitet haben. Und die haben alle gut ausgeschaut, weil die haben gegessen von dem was die Transporte gebracht haben, was sie dort noch gefunden haben. Wir sind dort angekommen und wir haben gesehen es laufen dort herum Kinder, ganz kleine Kinder und Mütter und, und ganz narrische Menschen, die Haare ganz zerrottet und mit großem Bart und da laufen Menschen mit großem Bart dort herum um unsere Menschen von die Wagons. Und man sagt uns, wir sollen stehen, wir sollen stehen in der Reihe und ins Bad hinein gehen. Und wir sehen dort eine große Tafel, da ist ausgeschrieben bei dem Lager „Arbeit macht frei“. Wir gehen zu dem Tor und steht dort ein SS Oberarzt, von dem wir später gewusst haben ..... ge.. gehört haben den Namen – ein Doktor Mengele.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1491.24,1551.59"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was ist passiert mit ihm?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1551.59,1555.111"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Wo passiert?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1555.111,1555.741"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ich meine was ist passiert? Ist er arretiert?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1555.741,1558.879"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ich weiß nicht, ich glaube, er ist verhaftet. Er ist vor dem Gesetz in München. Ich weiß es nicht bestimmt aber. Und er ist gestanden dort und er hat gesagt für unsere Menschen: „ Ihr geht zur Arbeit und wer fühlt sich stark zur Arbeit soll er gehen und wer fühlt sich nicht so stark zur Arbeit zu gehen, so gehen zu Fuß, soll gehen auf der anderen Seite und sie werden ihn tragen mit einem Auto und er wird gehen, auf einen anderen Ort wird er kommen, wo leichtere Arbeit, er wird nicht so schwer arbeiten.’ Und es sind gegangen die Mütter mit kleine Kinder und gegangen Frauen und alte Menschen. Und von uns junge Menschen, die haben gesagt: ‚Es tut weh der Fuß, ich kann nicht gehen, ich weiß nicht wieviel ich gehen muss und wir sind gegangen. Und, hm, von den ganzen vier tausend (4000) vom Transport, wie sind geblieben tausend (1000) Menschen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1558.879,1619.389"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Sind sie mitgegangen mit die Schwachen auch?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1619.389,1622.519"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ich bin nicht gegangen mit den Schwachen. Ich bin mitgegangen mit die aussortierten ... mit den aussortierten Menschen .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1622.519,1627.409"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Warum?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1627.409,1627.839"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ich hab mich ..... ich hab in mir gespürt noch, noch Kraft zu der Arbeit. Meine Seele war noch stark, ich habe gespürt, dass ich kann noch arbeiten. Und wenn man mich zu der Arbeit führt, kann ich das vielleicht noch aushalten bei der Arbeit. Und ich bin gegangen, hm, mit dem Transport und man hat uns geführt herein in den Waschraum. In dem Waschraum ist schon gewesen die SS Polizei, aber bevor wir sind herein gegangen in diesen Waschraum, muss ich noch sagen, da ist gewesen eine Musik .... wir hören Musik. Es ist gewesen Häftlinge haben gespielt dort die Trompeten, ein ganzes Musik Orchester, gespielt Jazz Musik. Ja und wir fragen, was ist da? Ja, man hat uns erzählt, es kommt ein Transport und sie spielen, dass man soll gar nichts wissen. Und die Männer sagen uns, wir sollen nicht so viel nachfragen. Und wir sehen laufen Menschen und fragen: „Jüd, von wo kimmt er?“ Und Ungarische fragen in ungarisch. Und wir fragen nur ein Wort: “Juden kann man da trinken das Wasser?“ „Ja, ihr könnt trinken, aber ihr sollt nicht viel trinken davon.“ Wir gehen herein in den Waschraum und da ist dort schon die SS mit die polnische Capo, das polnische, nicht jüdische Capos – und sie stehen dort: „Juden, ihr sollt alles abziehen, ihr bekommt ganz neue Kleider. Wir sollen alles ausziehen und da lassen. Ganz nackert, ihr sollt nur Eure Schuhe und den Hosenträger oder der Riemen was für Hemd und Hosen. Nachdem sind wir weiter gegangen in den zweiten (2.) Raum. Also wir sind weiter gegangen in den zweiten (2.) Raum, wo schon gesessen sind auf einer langen Bank, hm, Juden, polnische Juden und die was gehabt haben in der Hand ...... Haarschneidemaschinen. Man ht uns ganz abrasiert, das heißt, wo wir Haare gehabt haben, hat man mit der Maschine ganz abgeschnitten; und unsere Haare, unseren Bart abgeschnitten und so sind wir weiter gegangen bei der Tür. Bei der Tür ist gestanden schon ein Capo, was hat uns herein geschaut in den Mund, ob wir haben nichts in dem Mund, das heißt, wir haben nichts versteckt in dem Mund, Gulden oder andere Diamanten oder solche Sachen, was wert ist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1627.839,1786.128"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und ob sie goldene Zähne gehabt haben?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1786.128,1787.921"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die goldenen Zähne sind noch geblieben in der Zeit. Und wir sind weiter gegangen in den Infektionsraum auf der unreinen Seite. Wir haben ... man hat uns ganz desinfiziert. Wir haben bekommen ein kleines Stückchen Seife und eine Dusche ist gewesen dort und .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1787.921,1806.969"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Eine Wasserdusche?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1806.969,1807.631"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Eine Wasserdusche, ja, das war eine Wasserdusche .... ist gewesen dort ein warmes Dusch mit einem kleine Stückchen Seife bekommen und wir haben uns dort gewaschen und ich habe schon gespürt, hm, dass ich werd sein ein ganz anderer Mensch. Ich habe schon zurück bekommen ein bisschen von meiner Stärke. Essen haben wir noch gar nichts bekommen und wir haben getrunken von dem Wasser, was dort war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1807.631,1833.206"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Von der Dusche?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1833.206,1834.168"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Von der Dusche, weil die Dusche ist gewesen auf der deutschen Mode. Wir bekommen ganz heißes Wasser, das heiße Wasser ist gegangen in ganz kaltes Wasser. Das heißt deutsches Solnar Bad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1834.168,1847.848"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wie heißt das? Wieso, da war kaltes Wasser .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1847.848,1851.067"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, von der Dusche ist gekommen das heiße Wasser. Und man hat so gedreht drinnen das deutsche ...... das heiße Wasser, dass es ist gekommen heiß und langsam kühler – bis ganz kaltes Wasser. Und nachdem wir nach dem Baden ganz rein hat man uns mit Spiritus ganz abgewaschen .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1851.067,1872.527"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wer hat das getan?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1872.527,1873.7"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das haben dort die Capos gemacht, die haben sich dort beschäftigt in dem Waschraum und weiter gegangen auf der reinen Seite.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1873.7,1883.026"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Waren die Capos anständig dabei?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1883.026,1885.764"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das waren jüdische Capos und die jüdischen Capos haben dort nicht geschlagen. Sie waren anständig und haben uns mit geholfen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1885.764,1892.384"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was für ein Lager war das?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1892.384,1893.648"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das war in Au ......, das war im Zentrallager Birkenau.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1893.648,1897.8"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Aha, Birkenau.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1897.8,1898.763"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Wenn man darf wissen, dass Birkenau war das Zentrallager; in Auschwitz war schon ein Arbeitslager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1898.763,1907.149"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und die Krematorien?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1907.149,1909.256"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die waren in Birkenau.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1909.256,1910.168"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Aha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1910.168,1910.508"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die waren nicht in Auschwitz. Man nennt das nur Auschwitz. Und nachdem wir sind gegangen in die reine Seite und dort waren schon die Kleider. Das heißt, Kleider, die gestreiften, blau weißen Anzüge, wie ich das gesehen habe im Film Sing-Sing, wie die ausgeschaut haben mit die blau weißen Anzüge. Lange Hosen oder kurze Hosen, so wie es gefallen ist. Ein kleiner Bursche hat bekommen eine lange Hose, ein Großer hat bekommen eine kleinere Hose mit einem kleineren Jackett, das ist gemacht von Leinwand. Ganz kalte Sachen waren das, hm, so dass im Juni, wie wir dort angekommen sind, war ein sehr kaltes Wetter noch und wir haben da, für uns war es sehr kalt noch. Und die Schuhe haben wir noch in der Hand gehabt, die was haben Stiefeln gehabt, die Stiefeln hat man weggenommen und, hm, anstatt die Stiefeln hat man gegeben hölzerne Schuhe. Und wir haben das angezogen. Allen hat man gegeben noch eine Unterhose mit einem Hemd, aber ganz schöne Sachen waren das, was man uns gegeben hat, man kann sagen neue Sachen. Das sind gewesen die Unterhosen und Hemden, was man weggenommen ....... weggegeben hat von den Transporten, was gekommen sind. Von dort, von dem (unverständlich) sind wir heraus gegangen und schon gestanden in einer Reihe und rein gegangen in einen großen Block.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1910.508,2010.712"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und was hat mit den Leuten passiert, wissen Sie, die auf der anderen Seite gegangen sind?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2010.712,2015.666"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Damals haben wir noch gar nichts gewusst. Wir haben gefragt, was ist mit diesen Leuten, wir haben gar nichts gewusst. Wir sind nur gegangen und gegangen und haben gar nichts gewusst von den Menschen. Wir sind herein gegangen ......","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2015.666,2028.479"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Aber die Krematorien waren in Birkenau.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2028.479,2030.766"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die Krematorien waren da, ja. Bald werd ich von diesen sprechen. Das war schon am Abend, was ich jetzt sag, das war schon acht Uhr am Abend wie wir sind, wie wir sind fertig geworden mit dem Baden.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2030.766,2040.275"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Hm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2040.275,2041.307"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nachdem wir sind herein gegangen in einen großen Raum, das hat geheißen Birkenau dreizehn (13) ......","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2041.307,2047.897"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ah hm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2047.897,2048.568"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: ...... Block. Das ist gewesen das Zigeuner Lager. Dort haben früher gewohnt die Zigeuner. Das sind nicht gewesen Juden; nur das sind gewesen diese Zigeuner, welche gewohnt haben in Ungarn. Die musikal...., die Musikanten Zigeuner, von Deutschland die Zigeuner, die sind nicht gewesen die sogenannte Rasse von die Deutschen. Das sind nicht gewesen die deutsche Rasse. Rassen sind auch gewesen dort und aber die sind gegangen angezogen wie ..... in sehr komische Kleider, in solche große Hut, was man hat weggenommen von den Rabbinern, was man hat weggenommen von den Rabbinern, diese chassidischen Hüte, und da sind sie gegangen .......","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2048.568,2092.654"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Die Zigeuner?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2092.654,2093.487"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: ... die Zigeuner. Und angezogen, hm, ...... Anzüge, die sind gemacht worden auf der anderen Seite .... auf der .... rückwärts mit einem roten Kreuz, einen großen gestreiften roten Kreuz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2093.487,2112.153"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Warum?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2112.153,2112.965"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Dass sie nicht heraus fliehen vom Lager. Das war ein Zeichen, dass sie sind auch Häftlinge, da hat geheißen, sie sind Häftlinge.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2112.965,2122.458"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Also sagen Sie mir, waren die Frauen mit den Zigeunern?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2122.458,2124.866"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die Zigeuner waren zusammen mit den Frauen, die Kinder, sie haben das gesehen auch Zigeuner Frauen, was sind gewesen schwanger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2124.866,2133.584"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Die waren alle im selben Block?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2133.584,2134.697"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Alle im selben Block zusammen gelebt. Unser Block Ältester ist gewesen auch ein Zigeuner. Und es geheißen: ‚Ihr sollt euch niederlegen.’ Es sind gewesen tausend fünf hundert (1500) Menschen, die geblieben sind von den vier tausend fünf hundert (4500) von dem Transport. Alle waren in einem ... in einem Block.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2134.697,2155.068"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und wieviel Zigeuner waren dort?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2155.068,2157.066"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Zigeuner waren schon fort, nur der Block Älteste mit seiner großen Familie. Über den Block ich muss erzählen noch, dass das Lager Birkenau war vor dem Krieg eine ...... eine ..... sogenannte ... man hat es .... Reitsaal, dort waren Pferde vor dem Krieg.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2157.066,2180.062"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ein Stadium (Rest unverständlich – beide sprechen)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2180.062,2181.567"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: ... ein Pferde Reit Stadium. Man hat uns gesagt: ‚Juden legt Eure Gesichter auf die Erde, es wird schon passieren Euch nichts.’ Und wir haben geweint: ‚Menschen, bringt uns etwas zu trinken.’","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2181.567,2198.491"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] This concludes ...... this concludes Spool 97. We are going over to Spool 98. George... eh, George Kaldore being interviewed at the Camp Tradate, or the cooperative place Tradate for displaced Jews.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2198.491,2224.804"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: This is Spool 98. Italy — the Castle Tradate between Milan and Como, in a camp of displaced persons, of the so-called Kibbutzim groups, or the Hashara, which is preparing the young people to go at one time or another to Palestine. The interviewee is George Kaldore, 23 (twenty three) from Hungary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2224.804,2250.29"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In German] Nun weiter, was?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2250.29,2253.491"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, ich habe gelassen meine Erzählungen dort, dass, hm, dass es hat geheißen, wir wollen uns niederlegen dort, ein tausend fünf hundert (1500) Menschen in einem großen Saal und wir sollen, hm, dort ruhig bleiben ..... wir sollen dort ruhig bleiben bis kommt Einer und der wird uns sagen, was passieren wird.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2253.491,2274.674"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Entschuldigen Sie, ich möchte Sie eine Frage fragen. Wissen Sie, was mit den Zigeunern passiert hat?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2274.674,2279.747"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, ich weiß. Es ist nach zwei (2) Monaten habe ich gehört – schon in dem anderen Lager, wo ich nach dem übertragen geworden bin, dass, hm, auf einer Nacht ist gewesen ein Appell und man hat gerufen alle Zigeuner raus. Und die Zigeuner sind heraus gekommen und alle Frauen, alle Kinder und die Zigeuner was dort geblieben sind, hat man diese Nacht verbrannt. Nur das ist nichts geblieben von die Zigeuner, keiner war mehr in dem Lager. Das weiß ich von die Erzählungen von die Kameraden, was gekommen sind von dort im Lager und uns erzählt haben.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2279.747,2317.65"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Nun weiter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2317.65,2318.583"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Es ist gekommen herein ein Dolmetscher – es ist gewesen aufgeschrieben auf der linken Arm – ein ungarisch deutsch Dolmetscher mit einem Zigeuner und unserem Bock Ältesten. Er ist aufgestanden dort auf einem Fach und hat uns gehalten eine Rede. Er hat uns gesagt: ‚Juden, ihr seid gekommen nach Auschwitz, Birkenau. Das ist soweit ein Vernichtungslager, wer nicht ... wer nicht arbeiten kann, der wird da verbrennt. Und wer arbeiten kann wird, arbeiten bis er arbeiten kann. Da kannst du gar nichts behalten. Ich habe da gebracht jetzt eine Lampe’ – es ist noch herein gekommen ein SS Mann – ‚man wird alles mit der Lampe, es ist eine Röntgen Lampe, durch gesucht. Vielleicht habt ihr noch bei euch Gulden oder noch Wertsachen oder solche Sachen, was ihr dürft nicht haben. Das heißt, gar nichts bei euch haben.’","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2318.583,2371.975"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und wieso, wieso eine Röntgen Lampe?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2371.975,2374.632"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, Röntgen Lampe, ich werd das bald sagen, wie das war. Und er hat noch gebracht dort Schraubenzieher und Hammer und er hat gesagt, wir sollen auch herunternehmen von die Schuhe, die, die Sohlen. ‚Vielleicht hab ihr dort etwas weggesteckt und das hat man nicht bemerkt, weil ..... wie ihr herein gekommen seid in den Block.’ Und er ist gekommen und die Juden haben herunter genommen die Sohlen. Und es ist noch immer gekommen Gold und noch immer gekommen Geld und ein Jude hatte herausgenommen ein Arbeitsbuch, ein ungarisches Arbeitsbuch. Und er hat gesagt: ‚Das ist mein Arbeitsbuch, ich bin ein Arbeiter und ich werde arbeiten.’ Und er hat gesagt: ‚Lass es nur da.’ Und Bilder von der Mutter und von dem Vater, was man hat noch gerettet die Juden, ich weiß nicht in die Schuhe oder im Mund oder wie .... ich kann mir das nicht einmal denken, wie nach einer solchen starken Untersuchung. Und er hat gesagt: ,Alles hat man schon abgegeben?’ Und da haben die Juden gesagt: ’ja.’ Dann hat er gesagt: ‚Ja, ich sehe, ihr seid ungarische Juden, sicher habt ihr gar nichts bei Euch. Die ungarischen Juden, die haben alle Angst. Ich werde Euch jetzt nicht untersuchen mit der Röntgen Lampe.’ Nachdem haben wir gewusst, es war keine Röntgen Lampe, es war ganz ordinare große Lampe, die er hat herein gebracht. Und er hat sich genommen das Gold und nachdem zwei Tage später haben wir gewusst, dass er mit den Gulden hat gekauft für die, von die polnische Arbeiter, was haben gearbeitet in dem Lager, die nicht gewohnt in dem Lager, sondern sind nur herein gekommen und von der Besetzung hat er gekauft dann dafür Brot und hat gekauft Schmalz und hat gegessen davon.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2374.632,2487.486"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Hat er denn sonst nicht genug zu essen bekommen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2487.486,2491.127"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, er hat nur bekommen die Ration. Er hat nur gehabt das Essen was er konnte weg stehlen von die Juden. Und er hat gesagt: ‚Bald werden sie bringen schwarzen Kaffee, jeder einer wird bekommen Kaffee.’ Und man hat auch gebracht den Kaffee und er hat gesagt: ‚Juden, ihr dürft nicht heraus gehen von dem, hm, Ort. Zwei (2) Schritte könnte ihr heraus gehen. Es steht da ein Box in dem Block drinnen, wo man kann die kleinen Toiletten Sachen machen. Und außer dem Block zwei Schritte, ist eine andere Box, wo man kann die großen Toiletten Sachen machen. Aber weiter sollt ihr nicht gehen, denn dort sind schon die Drahte und die SS Menschen in dem großen Turm, was sind gewesen mit die große Reflektoren und mit den Hunden, dann wenn ihr geht noch drei Schritte, dann haben sie ihn und schießen sie ihn bald ab.’ Und wir haben uns nieder gelegt auf der Erde, ohne Decken, ohne .... ohne alles und geschlafen. Das war die erste Nacht, dass wir konnten nach den Wagons ein bisschen schlafen. In der Früh um sechs (6) Uhr hat man schon geläutet zum Appell. Wir sind heraus gegangen, man hat uns gezählt, wieviel Menschen wir sind. Und man hat gesagt, jetzt werden die Menschen rein machen den Block. Wir haben gemusst aufwaschen den Block und wir haben bekommen zum Kehren und (unverständlich) ... ganz rein machen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2491.127,2583.019"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was haben Sie bekommen Besen und?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2583.019,2584.644"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Besen und .... hm, ja ... zum Reinemachen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2584.644,2586.368"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: ... und Lappen (beide sprechen – unverständlich)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2586.368,2587.09"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, zum Reinemachen. Ja auch, hm, zum Aufräumen das Ganze. Und um 10 Uhr hat man gebracht die erste (1.) Suppe. Das hat geheißen diese deutsche Suppe – zusammen gekocht alles Mögliche. Man hat gegeben für 10 Menschen zusammen in einem großen Topf. Der Topf war schmutzig. Es war so ein Topf, was man hat von die Wagons heraus genommen von den Juden – ohne auszuwaschen. Wir haben gewusst, was man in diesen Töpfen gemacht hat, die Juden haben da ja herein gemacht in den Wagons und wir haben nicht gehabt ein Wasser das auszuwaschen. Und einige Menschen haben nicht gegessen. Ich hab gesagt: ‚Ich werd essen, was man mir geben wird.’ Denn das ist mein ganzes Essen, man kann das nicht essen .... aber ich werde es auch essen, weil ich weiß, wenn ich es nicht essen werde, werde ich nicht haben .... werde ich nicht haben die, die ..... die Kräfte dazu, dass ich soll das weiter machen die Arbeit. Und es sind wieder geworden zwei (2) Menschen – Zuckerkranke – sie sind so schlecht geworden, dass sie haben gesagt, sie brauchen Injektionen und man hat sie weg geführt. Man hat sie weg geführt und wir haben sie nicht gesehen mehr. Und schon um elf (11) Uhr haben wir uns getraut ein paar Schritte heraus zu machen – und wir haben gesehen, es brennt etwas. Es brennt, es brennt, es brennt. Am Vormittag um elf (11) Uhr wir haben gesehen Flammen und geriecht etwas Stinkendes. Wir haben gefragt von sie Zigeuner: ‚Was brennt denn da?’ Und sagen sie: ‚Ach, man verbrennt da die Kleider, was ihr habt gebracht, die Schmates, die solche Sachen, was man kann nicht benützen. Ihr sollt Euch nicht kümmern, was da verbrennt.’ Und nachdem hat man gesagt, ‚Jetzt sollt ihr euch niederlegen’. Wir haben gar nichts gemacht. Und es ist vergangen noch ein Tag. Noch ein Tag und dann ist gekommen ein SS, man hat gesagt wir sollen aufstehen. Die SS hat uns gesehen, durch gesehen und hat gesagt, es sollen da stehen welche waren Soldaten, welche waren vor dem Krieg Soldaten, welche sind starke Menschen für eine starke Arbeit. Und wir sind dort hin gestanden. Man hat zwei Gruppen gemacht – von die starken Menschen und von die nicht ganz starken Menschen .... und, hm .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2587.09,2733.19"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wo waren Sie gewesen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2733.19,2734.192"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ich war bei den starken Menschen. Und es sind gewesen bei uns zwei (2) dicke Menschen, zwei (2) ganz dicke Menschen, die waren hundert (100) Kilo. Und der SS Mann hat gesagt: ‚Na, Ihr seid stark?’ Und da haben sie gesagt: ‚Ja.’ ‚Na, ich will sehen ein Wette. Ihr sollt einen Kampf zwischen euch, so ein Box Match mit eine... ein Box Match – wer ist stärker, der wird gehen auf die Seite mit den Stärkeren und der Andere wird gehen auf die andere Seite.’ Und wir ... der Eine ist gekommen auf die Seite und wir Juden haben gelacht noch darauf. Sie haben, wir haben nicht gewusst, was wird sein weiter. Und die ..... und die Menschen, was waren die starken Menschen, hat man gestellt in der Reihe, wir sind gewesen schon fünf hundert (500).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2734.192,2774.223"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was hat man mit die zwei (2) dicken Menschen passiert?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2774.223,2789.316"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das wissen wir nicht, sie sind geblieben dort.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2789.316,2792.536"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ah, man hat sie nicht gleich .....?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2792.536,2793.71"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Man hat sie nicht weg geführt, nein, und nachdem, hm, nach Monaten hab ich getroffen Einen, hm, dort in dem Arbeitslager, wo ich später war und der hat erzählt, dass man sie getragen nach Auschwitz ....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2793.71,2809.847"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Uebernommen hat ... (beide sprechen)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2809.847,2810.69"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, nach Auschwitz in eine Fabrik zu arbeiten. Wir sind gegangen in sogenanntes Quarantäne Lager, das war Block eins (1) in dem ... dort in Birkenau. In dem Quarantäne Lager haben wir bekommen, hm, eine Decke für zwei (2) Menschen und dort waren schon einstöckige Betten, das heißt in einem Bett sind geschlafen zehn (10) Menschen. Das waren nicht Betten, das waren nur von Holz gemachte, hm, solche Pritschen. Da haben zehn (10) Menschen geschlafen mit fünf (5) Decken. Und damals sind zu gekommen Juden, polnische Juden, die haben wollen mit uns, hm, die Schuhe gewollt tauschen. Einer wollt geben ein Stückchen Brot und er gibt andere Schuhe. Und sie haben uns gesagt, die Schuhe sind da, wie so ein Leben. Wer hat Schuhe, der hat ein ganzes Leben, ja. Und wir haben nicht gewollt das Tauschen. Wir waren – man hat uns gesagt wir kommen in Quarantäne, weil in dem Zigeuner Lager war Scharlach. Und wir sind gewesen in dem Quarantäne Lager vier (4) Tage. Nachdem ist gekommen ein Befehl nach dem Appell, dass wir werden gehen alle weiter. So, dass die fünf hundert (500) Menschen sind gegangen in einer Reihe – so vier (4) zusammen in der Reihe und wir haben sich gehalten die Schulter. Vier Menschen auf dem ganzen Weg. Und gewesen .... gekommen ist mit uns zehn (10) SS Menschen mit Büchsen in der Hand und geführt durch Auschwitz durch die Strasse. Wir haben gesehen dort die Menschen, wir haben gesehen dort die Geschäfte. Menschen, die gingen auf der Strasse, die Pollaken dort, die Christlichen. Es ist gewesen solche, die haben geschaut traurig, es hat gegeben solche, die haben gelacht auf uns. Und wir sind gegangen von dort zehn (10) Kilometer und sind herein gegangen in ein Lager, das hat geheißen Buna Lager. Das ist gewesen von der Farben Industrie, I. G., von der großen Gesellschaft, das, hm, das Lager von einer Fabrik, synthetischer Gummi „Buna“. Und wir sind dort herein gegangen, der Block Älteste ist .... war gekommen und schnell auf den Appell Platz und hat gesagt: ‚Ihr sollt gleich gehen in den Waschraum.’ Und, ja, man hat uns herein geführt wieder in die Desinfektions-Baracke und hat uns wieder weggenommen diese Kleider, was wir haben bekommen und rein gegangen in diese Duschen und desinfiziert uns wieder und wir sind herausgekommen auf der reinen Seite. Dort ist wieder gestanden ein Arzt, der untersucht uns. Und wir bekommen schon ganz schlechte Sachen, wieder diese blau weiß gestreiften Sachen, aber ganz Schlechte, Zerrissene, Kleine und dann hat man uns herein geführt in einen Block, den Quarantäne Block. In den Quarantäne Block sind wir herein gegangen, hm, und dort hat man gesagt uns: ‚Menschen, ihr sollt da bleiben und von dem Block dürft ihr nicht heraus gehen bis ihr fertig eingeteilt werdet in dem Lager in die Kommandos.’ Weil wir sind ja gekommen von einem Ort, von einem Lager, wo Scharlach war. Und waren nicht – ja, warum wissen wir nicht, man hat uns eingeteilt in das Strafkommando. Das hat geheißen in einem Außenkommando, das hat gearbeitet außer dem Lager sechs (6) Kilometer. Wir haben gemacht Festungen für die Deutschen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2810.69,3030.903"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Warum Strafkommando?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3030.903,3032.715"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Strafkommando, weil wir sind gegangen barfuß – wir haben müssen ausziehen die Schuhe .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3032.715,3038.02"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Sie mussten die Schuhe ..... (beide sprechen) ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3038.02,3038.962"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Wir mussten ausziehen die Schuhe bevor wir sind heraus gegangen und mussten barfuß gehen den ganzen Weg durch die Strecke, wo Steine sind gelegen. Und einmal gemusst laufen, einmal langsam gehen und bei jedem Herausgang haben wir gemusst heraus führen der, das Essen für uns für Mittag. Das heißt ein fünfzig (50) Liter Fass haben zwei (2) Menschen getragen auf dem Weg, barfuß – das heiße Essen. Und nach zwei, drei hundert (2, 300) Menschen wieder zwei (2) Menschen. Aber die, die getragen haben das Fass barfuß, haben gemusst so laufen, wie die anderen Menschen. Sie haben nicht gedarft bleiben, da bleiben hinter der Gruppe .... nicht da bleiben ..... nicht .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3038.962,3086.792"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Zurück bleiben.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3086.792,3087.093"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: .... zurück bleiben hinter der Gruppe. Und wir sind heraus gegangen und dort gearbeitet. Es waren dort die SS Menschen und die Wehrmacht. Die Wehrmacht – nicht SS – die SS war nur Einer, ein Oberstabsführer und der Rest – es war die Wehrmacht. Die Wehrmacht waren alte Menschen; wir haben mit ihnen gesprochen und sie haben mit uns gesprochen. Es waren solche alte Menschen, was waren ganz gut zu uns und einmal .... einmal haben sie gegeben ein Stückchen Brot. Sie selbst haben nicht gehabt Essen – die Wehrmacht. Aber wenn gekommen ist der SS Oberstabsführer, hat er bald gesagt, die, die Wehrmacht-Menschen : ‚Jetzt arbeitet, es kommt die SS’ und, hm, stark gearbeitet, sehr stark. Von .... wir sind aufgestanden um vier (4) Uhr in der Früh, um halb .... jeder hat sich gemusst waschen in dem Waschraum. Und es ist gewesen dann Frühstück. Zum Frühstück haben wir bekommen drei hundert (300) Gramm Brot mit zwanzig (20) Gramm, hm, Margarine. Nicht - die synthetische Margarine, das hat nicht Fett gehabt, die deutsche Margarine. Und das war das ganze Brot für uns, das haben wir ....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3087.093,3165.372"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Aus was war die synthetische Margarine gemacht?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3165.372,3167.487"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das wir wissen es nicht von was man das gemacht hat, das hat man synthetisch gemacht von etwas, aber es war nicht fetthaltend. Es hat ganz gut gerochen und gut geschmeckt hat es, aber es hat nicht gehabt keine Kräfte .... keinen Kalorien hat es nicht gehabt. Dann haben wir bekommen bitteren schwarzen Kaffee. Das Wasser im Lager – nicht in Auschwitz und Birkenau, nicht in Monovitz, aber in Buna Werke hat nicht gedarft trinken das Wasser, denn es war Typhus, es war typhus’iges Wasser. Man hat Typhus bekommen von dem Wasser und es war auch sehr schlecht das Wasser. Und wir sind dann herausgegangen zu der Arbeit, zuerst sind wir gegangen zum Appell, der Appell war um fünf (5) Uhr), der hat gedauert eine ganze Stunde, das ist sechs (6) Uhr. Um sechs (6) Uhr beim Appell hat man gezählt die Menschen und jeder hat abgegeben die Zahl, wieviel er hat in seinem Kommando. Und wenn es hat nicht gestimmt, hat man gedarft stehen bis hat gestimmt die Zahl.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3167.487,3237.983"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Aber sie haben arbeiten doch müssen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3237.983,3239.999"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Man hat gestehen, bis es hat nicht gestimmt .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3239.999,3242.918"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: ... bis es gestimmt hat (beide sprechen – Rest unverständlich)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3242.918,3243.98"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: ... hat nicht gestimmt bei dem Herausgehen ....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3243.98,3247.35"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Sagen Sie, bis die Zahl hat gestimmt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3247.35,3249.396"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: .... hat gestimmt., ja, ja. Bei dem Herausgehen vor dem Tor ist gestanden ein Arzt. Und wer hat gefühlt sich krank, ist zu dem Arzt gegangen. Und wenn es war richtig krank, hat gedarft – konnte bleiben im Lager. Und wenn die Krankheit war so, 2, 3 Tage oder eine Woche hat man ihn ausgeheilt und er ist wieder gegangen zu der Arbeit. Aber wenn er hat gehabt schon so eine Krankheit, dass man hat nicht gekonnt heilen, hat man ihn geführt mit einem Auto nach Auschwitz und er wurde dort verbrannt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3249.396,3284.229"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wieso wissen Sie das?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3284.229,3285.433"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das wissen wir von dort sind gekommen Menschen, die haben getroffen dort mit Solche was ist gekommen von dort. Und schon später haben wir gesprochen mit solche vom Kommando – Leute, Ungarische, die haben gearbeitet in dem Kommando – in dem tot verbrennt Kommando. Dort haben sie gearbeitet drei (3) Monate die Menschen. Und nach drei (3) Monaten hat man sie abgewechselt und weiter geschickt in andere Lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3285.433,3314.57"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Nun?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3314.57,3315.413"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Wir sind dann heraus gegangen zu der Arbeit und man hat uns wieder bei dem Tor abgezählt und dann gegangen zu der Arbeit bis zwölf (12) Uhr. Um zwölf (12) Uhr sind wir gegangen essen. Das Essen war ein halber ( ½ ) Liter Suppe. Die Suppe war ein halber ( ½ ) Liter Wasser, gar nichts drinnen, ich weiß nicht , was das war. Grüne Blätter was man, was ist herein gekocht in das warme Wasser, das haben wir bekommen. Und wir haben das gegessen und von zwölf (12) Uhr bis ein (1) Uhr haben wir gehabt dort frei und wir haben uns niedergelegt in dem Gras und ein bisschen geschlafen. Um ein (1) Uhr sind wir gegangen zurück zu der Arbeit und haben gearbeitet bis um fünf (5) Uhr. Dass heißt im Juni um fünf (5) Uhr. Später, wenn die Zeit ist schon da, wenn das Wetter ist schon dunkel gewesen, haben wir nicht so ..... so spät gearbeitet. Wir haben gearbeitet nur bis es war ganz hell das Wetter. Nach der Verdunkelung sind wir gegangen herein in .... mit die Kommandos in das Lager. Wir sind gegangen auf den Appell Platz und auf dem Appell Platz hat man uns wieder abgezählt. Schon bei dem Hereingehen hat man uns abgezählt, aber bei dem Appell Platz wieder abgezählt. Und nach dem Abzählen sind wir gegangen uns waschen. Jeder hat sich gemusst waschen und nach dem Waschen haben wir bekommen das Abendessen. Das Abendessen ist gewesen drei Viertel ( ¾ ) Liter Suppe, die drei Viertel ( ¾ ) Liter Suppe war schon ein bisschen, hm, gedachte Suppe, hat das geheißen, es ist nicht so schütter gewesen, sondern schon ein bisserl Kartoffel herein gekocht oder Rüben; diese Rüben was hat man früher gegeben in Ungarn für die Tier, die Tiere – diese roten Rüben und die weißen Rüben. Und nach dem Essen, nach dem Essen jede Woche einmal hat man gemusst sich ganz abrasieren. Die Haare waren ganz abgeschnitten mit einer Nuller Maschine und jede Woche einmal rasieren. Hm, mit zwei (2) Messer hat man rasiert zwei hundert (200), drei hundert (300) Menschen ohne zu schärfen das Messer, es war, es war eine „Operation“ jedes Rasieren. Und die Menschen haben bekommen sogenannte Bartflechte, Infektion auf dem Gesicht, hm ..... was ..... mit dieser Infektion haben sie hässlich ausgeschaut. Und mit dieser Infektion haben sie dich nicht rasiert, so dass Menschen sind herum gegangen mit ein (1) monatigem alten Bart, mit zwei (2), mit sechs (6), mit zwei (2) monatigem Bart haben sie sehr, sehr hässlich ausgeschaut. Und nachdem haben wir schon gekonnt niederlegen und schlafen. Es war sehr bitter dort. Es waren zweistöckige Betten, jeder hat gehabt zwei Decken auf die Betten und gar nicht anderes. In jedem Bett haben geschlafen zwei (2) Menschen, Einer bei dem Fuß der Kopf, der Andere auf der anderen Seite. Die Betten sind ungefähr gewesen so, hm, fünfzig (50) Zentimeter, so sechzig (60) Zentimeter breit – die Betten. Die Betten sind gewesen voll mit Wanzen und voll mit Tiere – mit Floh und mit Wanzen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3315.413,3532.119"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Läuse?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3532.119,3532.94"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Läuse sind nicht gewesen in dem Lager. Jede Woche vier (4) Mal ist gewesen Läuse Kontrolle. Jeder hat gemusst tragen sein Hemd zu dem Doktor, in jedem Block ist gewesen ein Doktor und Block Ältester, welche haben gesehen ..... durchgesehen die Hemden, Unterhosen – wir sind ganz nackert hin gegangen zu der Kontrolle und wer hat Läuse gehabt, hat bekommen sehr, sehr große Schläge und schon genommen alle Sachen zur Desinfektion, mit den Betten zusammen. Alles wird desinfiziert. Ich war ein ganzes Jahr im Lager, aber ich hab nie gehabt Läuse.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3532.94,3574.076"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Haben Sie Ihre Sachen gewaschen, ihre Hemden?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3574.076,3576.183"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Wir haben, hm, jede Woche haben wir gewaschen einmal die Hemden. Hemden haben wir nicht gehabt, weil die ... wir haben unsere Hemden verkauft, hm, ..... draußen im Kommando für die polnischen Arbeiter. Sie haben gegeben für ein Hemd zwei (2), drei (3) Kilo Brot, so dass wir nicht gehabt haben keine Hemden. Nur wir haben gehabt die Kleider was wir haben gehabt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3576.183,3599.353"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Hat man nicht gefragt, wo ist das Hemd?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3599.353,3601.158"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Bei dem Hereingehen man hat gesagt, jede zweite (2.) Woche und später schon jeden Monat wir müssen rein geben die alte Wäsche und damals haben wir genommen einen Fetzen und haben gesagt, es ist zerrissen geworden das Hemd. Wir haben das herein gegeben, das ist unser Hemd und wir haben bekommen andere Hemden, aber diese Hemden waren auch zerrissen .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3601.158,3622.251"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Sie sagen die Polnischen. Was waren das für Polnische?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3622.251,3624.388"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das waren Pollacken, das waren nicht keine Juden. Das waren Pollacken, die haben gearbeitet dort. Die haben die Arbeit geführt . Und, hm, wir haben gewaschen unsere Wäsche jede Woche einmal, zweimal, so wie es war schmutzig die Wäsche. Wir haben gehabt ein kleines Stückerl Seife, jede Woche haben wir bekommen. Und die Menschen haben schon gesehen dort im Lager etwas ... ein Funktion zu bekommen. Weil jeder, der eine Funktion gehabt hat im Lager, der hat schon etwas mehr Essen bekommen. Ich selbst hab gearbeitet für den Block Ältesten. Ich hab gewaschen für den Block Ältesten dort die Wäsche, ich habe gestopft für ihn die Strümpfe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3624.388,3670.068"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Oh ja, was war Ihr Fach, was haben Sie gelernt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3670.068,3673.179"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ich war ... ich hab Textil ... habe ich gelernt. Ich habe gelernt Strümpfe zu machen, aber neue Strümpfe zu machen und Trikotagen und solche Sachen. Aber ich ... ich war schon zu gewöhnt dazu, dass ich arbeiten muss. Und ich hab dort gewaschen die Hemden für den Block Ältesten und gestopft die Strümpfe und auch hier hab ich bekommen jeden Tag „Nachschlagessen“, das hat geheißen noch einmal einen drei Viertel ( ¾ ) Liter Suppe, so dass ....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3673.179,3703.963"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was ist mit Brot?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3703.963,3705.206"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Brot habe ich nicht ..... da war nicht mehr - 300 Gramm Brot das war das Ganze; was wir haben in der Früh bald aufgegessen. Und wir haben so unser Leben gehabt jeden Tag so zwei Monate, das heißt bis August. Im August hat man ausgewählt, man hat gefragt ‚Wer hat ein Fach?’. Den hat man eingeteilt in Fachkommandos. Das heißt Fachkommando, solche Kommandos waren Schlosser oder Ingenieure oder Buchhalter oder Tischler, Fenstermacher, Maler und die haben gearbeitet in dem Gewerbe in der Fabrik. In der Fabrik haben gearbeitet so ungefähr hundert tausend (100000) Menschen. Es war dort ein riesig großes Lager. Nicht nur Häftlinge – Juden – waren dort. Es waren dort polnische Lager, polnische, christliche Erziehungslager. Es war dort ein deutsche, reichsdeutsches Lager, solche welche, die waren bestraft, Kommunisten oder welche haben teilgenommen in der spanischen Revolution Deutsche. Es waren dort französischer Arbeitsdienst. Es waren dort englische, amerikanische Soldaten – Kriegsgefangene, die bei uns im Lager haben sie gewohnt. Und es waren dort noch Pollacken, freie Menschen, Reichsdeutsche, freie Menschen und wir Juden, Ukrainer und Menschen von der ganzen Welt, Leute von Flandern, Belgien, jede, jede Nation haben wir hier ......","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3705.206,3814.03"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Das war wo?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3814.03,3815.264"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das war in den Buna Werken. Und ich war damals eingeteilt worden in einem Schlosser Kommando, in einem Techniker Kommando. Ich bin herein gegangen in dem Kraftwerk arbeiten mit einem Kommando, nicht als Schlosser, sondern als Elektrotechniker. Ich hab gearbeitet dort bei der AEG, Allgemeine Elektrische Gesellschaft, was hat gegeben für das ganze Werk das Elektro. Und wir haben dort gemacht die Fassungen, wir haben dort gearbeitet bei der Hochspannung, bei den Kabeln. Dort habe ich es ganz gut gehabt. Wir haben von Zeichnungen gemacht solche Sachen was war sehr schöne Arbeit. Und dort habe ich zusammen gearbeitet mit Pollacken, christliche Pollacken, welche haben mir gegeben hartes Brot oder etwas Essen. Sie haben selbst nicht viel gehabt, aber sie haben gegeben. Und ich bin herein gegangen jeden Tag in die Büro und ich hab von dem Schmutzkasten herausgenommen, hm, dort weg geworfene Pommidoren; weil ich hab immer gesagt, ich darf essen, was ich sehe, weil, wenn ich esse, dann habe ich die Stärke weiter zu arbeiten. Und der Capo hat das nicht mit gutem Willen gesehen, dass ich hab dort bekommen etwas zu essen und er hat mich gegeben in seinem Kommando in eine schwere Arbeit. Ich hab gearbeitet später fünf Stock unter der Erde. Es war so, dass das ganze, hm, das ganze, der Bau, das ganze Werk gebaut fünf (5) Stock unter der Erde.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3815.264,3932.724"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Die Buna Werke?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3932.724,3933.236"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die Buna Werke, ja. Und ich habe dort Kabel gelegt und es war sehr, sehr kalt. Wir sind schon damals rein gegangen in September Und die Nerven sind damals schon gewesen ganz apathisch, wir haben schon gar nichts gedacht, wir haben nichts gewusst. Einmal, einmal haben wir getroffen und deutsche Zeitungen gelesen, aber das war alles deutsche Tendenz. Wir haben gesehen schreckliche Sachen in dem Lager. Wir sind herein gekommen bei dem Appell haben wir gesehen – aufhängen Menschen, auf einmal drei (3) Menschen. Auf einmal zwei (2) Menschen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3933.236,3969.975"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wofür?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3969.975,3970.487"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Es ist gewesen, drei (3)Menschen hat man aufgehängt, weil sie haben bei Fliegeralarm, drei (3) Juden haben bei Fliegeralarm Brot gestohlen vom Magazin, ein bisschen Bot – nicht viel und man hat sie aufgehangen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3970.487,3987.036"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Gleich am Appell Platz?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3987.036,3988.45"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Auf dem Appell Platz, aber wie das war .... das war so, wie ich es auch gelesen habe in der lateinischen Geschichte, im Zirkus. Der Cäsar hat das gesehen wie man ... wie die Menschen sind dort kaputt gegangen. So haben wir das gesehen. Wir sind herein gekommen auf den Appell Platz, da ist gestanden schon, der .... wie heißt das? Gargul .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=3988.45,4010.868"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Der Galgen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4010.868,4011.569"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Der Galgen ist gestanden, drei nebeneinander gestanden, drei Reflektoren.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4011.569,4018.309"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wann war das, am Abend?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4018.309,4019.603"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Am Abend, ja, um sechs (6) Uhr ist es gewesen. Es war schon September und es ist schon gewesen so dunkel. Und wir sind dort gestanden und ich habe nie im Leben gesehen einen Mensch kaputt gehen. Nicht aufhängen, nicht abschießen und ich habe gefragt: ‚Was wird da, was wird da los/’ ‚Ah, man wird Juden aufhängen’, hab ich gehört. Wir sind dort gestanden schon eine Stunde und man bringt die drei (3) Juden. Die drei (3) Juden – die Hände sind mit einer Geißel zusammen gebunden, der SS bringt sie bei den Gorgel, die SS in der Reihe ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4019.603,4060.446"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Bei den Galgen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4060.446,4061.929"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Bei den Galgen, ja, ja. Ich kann das nicht so gut ausdrücken. Dort sind gestanden die SS Menschen mit die Büchsen und man hat sie herauf gestellt auf den Gagel ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4061.929,4073.153"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Auf den Galgen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4073.153,4074.146"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Galgen, ja, Galgen und, hm, die SS ist gestanden und hat so gesagt auf deutsch, im Befehl von Himmler – hat er gesagt, auf Befehl von Himmler wird man da aufhängen drei (3) Juden, weil sie haben beim Fliegeralarm gestohlen Brot.. ‚Juden, ihr sollt wissen, bei Fliegeralarm darf man nicht stehlen. Und überhaupt man darf nicht stehlen, ihr bekommt da genug zu essen, ihr sollt das essen, was ihr da bekommt.’","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4074.146,4109.641"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Und die Juden sind dort gestanden und haben geschrien: ‚Kameraden, Kameraden, wir sind die Letzten. Rauf mit die Köpfe. Die Fa........, die Faschisten werden alle sterben. Es kommt der Russe, der Russe wird uns befreien.’ Und inzwischen sind hin gegangen die SS und haben mit die Füße ge......, gestoßen und geschlagen noch bei dem Galgen. Und man hat gerufen von den Kommandos drei Juden, von deine Brüder. Wenn der ist gewesen ein Ungarischer, hat man gerufen drei ungarische Menschen. Und er ist gestanden (unverständlich) und hat gewartet am Galgen so und das ist gewesen ein Pedal ... man ist so mit die Füße rauf getreten auf das Pedal. Da erst ... hat man herauf gelegt auf den Hals die Schnur und es ist herunter gefallen das, hm, ...... das, hm ..... wie heißt das, das Plattform. Sie sind gestanden oben auf einer, ..... auf einer Plattform, die ist, hm, noch runter gefallen und die Juden sind gehangen und wir haben das gesehen. Nach zehn (10) Minuten hat sich noch gewollt heraus nehmen den Hals von dem .... von dem Band. Der Andere ist gleich kaputt gegangen. Und wir haben gemusst dort stehen bis sie sind ganz grau geworden und bis sie sind dort ganz tot gegangen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4109.641,4204.6"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was heißt grau geworden?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4204.6,4206.099"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das Gesicht ist grau geworden.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4206.099,4208.145"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Sie haben das Gesicht offen gelassen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4208.145,4209.77"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja. Und nachdem jeder ... alle Kommandos haben gemusst vor gehen vor dem Galgen und alle haben gedurft hin schauen. Wer nicht hat hin geschaut, hat gleich bekommen große Ohrfeigen von der SS.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4209.77,4227.776"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: (unverständlich – beide sprechen) ... nicht das Gesicht verdeckt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4227.776,4228.838"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, nein, sie haben nicht das Gesicht bedeckt. Und nachdem jeder hat noch gesehen, ist gekommen einer vom Spital, ein Capo und der hat genommen ein Messer und hat herunter geschnitten. Er ist herunter gefallen der Tote und hat schon genommen den Bleistift, hat gespuckt auf den Bauch und hat drauf geschrieben mit dem Tintenbleistift seine Nummer und hat auf die Füße geschrieben seine Nummer. Und man hat ihn schon geführt herein in dem K B, das heißt in den Krankenbau. Von dort hat man genommen - jeden Tag sind gekommen die Autos und haben sie geführt nach Auschwitz zum Verbrennen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4228.838,4273.935"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ein Moment, Sie haben eine tattoo number, was ist die Nummer?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4273.935,4277.669"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Meine Nummer ist A14187 (A vierzehn tausend ein hundert sieben und achtzig)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4277.669,4281.983"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und wo hat man Sie tätowiert?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4281.983,4283.638"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Man hat mich tätowiert in Birkenau.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4283.638,4286.166"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Hm, nun?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4286.166,4288.032"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Und wir sind dort, wir haben das alles durchgeschaut ... durch gesehen. Aber das war nicht nur einmal, das haben wir sehr oft gesehen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4288.032,4297.149"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Die haben oft Mensch aufgehängt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4297.149,4299.032"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Sehr oft hat man Menschen aufgehängt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4299.032,4300.627"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wofür?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4300.627,4301.53"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Für Plünderung, für ... für sie haben gewollt weglaufen von dem Lager – nicht vom Lager, von dem Werk. Sie haben sich herein gegraben in der Erde und, hm, meistens die polnischen Juden, die haben gekonnt sprechen die polnische Sprache. Da ist gewesen mit mir zusammen ein polnischer Arzt, der hat gewohnt von dem Lager drei (3) Kilometer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4301.53,4326.632"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ein Jude?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4326.632,4327.264"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ein Jude. Und wenn er ist gegangen herauf auf das Dach hat er gesehen sein eigenes Haus. Und solche Menschen haben gekonnte .... haben gehabt vielleicht die Möglichkeit raus zu gehen. Aber man hat sie immer erwischt und es war Todesstrafe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4327.264,4344.666"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Hat man den Arzt auch aufgehängt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4344.666,4346.261"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja. Man hat ihn auch aufgehängt. Wir haben gesehen ihn aufhängen. Nach dem Aufhängen sind wir gegangen essen und jeder eigenen hat gegessen. Es waren alle schon so apathisch, jeder hat gegessen und nicht gesprochen schon weiter über das was er gesehen hat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4346.261,4363.954"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] This concludes Spool 97 [incorrect — this is the end of Spool 98] of George Kaldore and we are going over to Spool 98. Illinois Institute of Technology wire recording, August 31st, 1946, Tardate, Milano — Tradate, Milano.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4363.954,4387.369"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: This is Spool 99, a continuation of Spool 97, 98. August 31st, 1946 at Tradate near Como and Milan. The interviewee is George Kaldore. The third spool of his interview.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4387.369,4409.399"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, ich hab jetzt gesagt, wir sind schon gewesen, das, hm, wir sind ganz apathisch gewesen und wir sind ganz apathisch gewesen und die Menschen sind herein gegangen nach dem Aufhängen, wie sie gesehen haben aufhängen ihre eigenen Kameraden, sind herein gegangen dort und haben gegessen das Nachtmahl, das sie haben bekommen und haben weiter gemacht ihr Häftlingsleben. So, wir haben die schwere Arbeit weiter gemacht bis, hm, ..... ich hab weiter gemacht bis Dezember. Im Dezember war es schrecklich kalt. Es hat geregnet und wir sind durch und durch nass geworden. Mit unserem einen, einzigen Kleid, das wir gehabt haben, das von Leinwand gemacht ist, das blau weiß gestreifte Kleid ...... im Dezember sind wir gestanden um fünf (5) Uhr in der Früh auf dem Appell Platz und wir sind raus gegangen zu der Arbeit. Und bei der Arbeit ich war unter der Erde fünf (5) Stock und hab gearbeitet dort in der größten Kälte.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4409.399,4472.577"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was haben Sie dort gemacht?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4472.577,4474.744"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ich habe dort Kabel gelegt, die Kabel aufgehängt – die Hochkabel. Das waren sehr große Kabel von großem Gewicht und aufhängen auf der, auf der Mauer. Und, hm, ich hab schon gespürt, ich habe Fieber, aber ich wollte nicht herein gehen in K B. K B hat geheißen das Spital.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4474.744,4499.1"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was heißt das?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4499.1,4499.741"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Krankenbau. Ich habe nicht gewollt herein gehen, weil ich habe gehört, wer geht herein, der, hm, ... wird nicht ausgeheilt. Und ich war schon so krank, dass ich nicht hab gekonnt weiter arbeiten. Ich hab bekommen eine Blutauf .........eine Blutvergiftung auf dem Fuß, ich hab schon gekonnt nicht aufnehmen meine Schuhe. Ich bin herein gegangen in der Ambulanz und der Arzt hat gemessen mein Fieber. Ich hab gehabt vierzig (40) Grad Fieber and der Arzt hat gesagt morgen in der Früh soll ich herein gehen ins Spital. Es ist gewesen so, dass wer ..... wen der Arzt aufgeschrieben hat, dass er darf rein gehen ins Spital, der hat gegeben die Liste dem Block Ältesten. Der Block Älteste hat in der Früh rein gebracht die Menschen. Ich war nicht auf der Liste. Ich habe geweint und ich bin rein gegangen ins Spital und habe gesagt dem Professor ... dem, dem Arzt, dass, hm, er soll mich aufnehmen. Ich kann schon keine Schuhe aufnehmen mehr. Ich bin gegangen barfuss mit vierzig (40) Grad Fieber im Dezember. Es war .... (beide sprechen – unverständlich)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4499.741,4562.176"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Warum haben Sie keine Schuhe nicht getragen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4562.176,4564.283"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Weil meine Füße waren so geschwollen, dass der Schuh ist schon nicht mehr herauf gekommen auf meinen Fuß. Es war schon der zwanzigste (20.) Dezember, man hat mich aufgenommen ins Spital. Das ist nicht so leicht gegangen. Man hat mich untersucht, dann ist gekommen der SS Oberarzt und der SS Oberarzt hat aufgenommen. Dann hat man uns weg genommen alle Kleider, was wir gehabt haben, das heißt die Hosen, die Schuhe .... und wir sind geblieben ganz nackert. So dann sind wir herein gegangen in den Infektionsraum und da hat man uns desinfiziert und so herein geführt in die Abteilung, wo die Krankheit gehört hat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4564.283,4601.393"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wie hat man sie desinfiziert?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4601.393,4603.027"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Hm, es waren dort Duschen und mit Petroleum hat man uns abgeschmiert ganz und die Haare hat man wieder abgeschnitten und ganz abrasiert. So und dann wird herein gegangen. Es war ..... es hat dort gestunken. In einem kleinen Saal sind gewesen drei hundert (300) Menschen, alle mit eitrigen Krankheiten. Und alle .... der Eine ist schon geschnitten geworden, der Andere war noch krank und schon tot und solche Menschen, was nicht viel gefehlt hat zu dem Tod. Ich bin dort herein gegangen und zwei Menschen in einem Bett und so ganz nackert herunter gelegt. Dort war Heizung von den Werken, es ist gekommen der Dampf von dem Werk herein, so war dort ein bisschen eingeheizt. Wir haben dort auch nur zwei (2) Decken gehabt. Der andere Kamerad, was ist mit mir zusammen gelegen in dem Bett, hat gehabt .... ist geflossen Eiter von seiner Hand. Und ich bin mit ihm in einem Bett gelegen. Erstens hat man mir gegeben Umschläge auf die Füße zwei Tage, am dritten (3.) Tag hat man mich operiert.. Am Weihnachtstag war das, am fünf und zwanzigsten (25.) .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4603.027,4674.776"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Da waren zwei (2) Kranke in einem Bett?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4674.776,4676.822"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: In einem Bett zwei (2) Kranke.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4676.822,4678.537"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Woran hat man Sie operiert?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4678.537,4681.035"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Man hat mich operiert die Füße – aufgeschnitten. Es war so, man hat mich aufgeschrieben zu der Operation. Jeden Früh hat man aufgeschrieben zwanzig (20), dreißig (30) Menschen zur Operation. Die zwanzig Mensch gekommen ein Arzt – sagen: ‚Die Menschen werden heute operiert, sie sollen gehen und erledigen ihre Sachen – ihre Toilettensachen’. Und so nackert wie wir sind gewesen dort, sind wir gegangen zu der Operation und hat gewartet bis die Reihe zu uns kommt. Der Operationssaal ist gewesen dort in dem Saal, nur ein Vorhang ist gewesen, was hat separiert von dem anderen Saal. Und herein gegangen dort, es war ein ungarischer Arzt von Kosice, ein Oberarzt. Und ich habe ihn gebeten, er soll mich so operieren, dass ich schlafe. Und ich hab eine Narkose bekommen und er hat mich operiert und nach der Operation habe ich gemusst auf einem Fuß, so nackert zurück zu gehen. Man hat mich nicht herein getragen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4681.035,4747.472"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja, nachdem Sie aus der Narkose raus gekommen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4747.472,4749.729"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, die Narkose war nur bis zur Operation. Nur zwei (2), drei (3) Minuten bis die Operation gehalten hat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4749.729,4756.138"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was hat er denn gemacht?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4756.138,4757.552"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Er hat aufgeschnitten die Füße – unten die Füße aufgeschnitten und zugebunden, so dass ich bin so operiert bin reingegangen in mein Bett.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4757.552,4769.028"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was machen Ihre Füße jetzt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4769.028,4770.864"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die Füße sind geheilt geworden, die sind schon ganz gut.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4770.864,4774.174"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Hat er an beiden Füßen operiert?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4774.174,4775.768"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nur an einem Fuß.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4775.768,4777.574"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Waren beide geschwollen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4777.574,4779.259"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nur ein Fuß war geschwollen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4779.259,4781.486"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Nun.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4781.486,4782.99"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Und das war am Weihnachtstag. Das Essen nachdem ..... das Essen in dem Spital war auch nicht besser. Wir haben bekommen drei hundert (300) Gramm Essen, ...... Brot in der Früh und einen halben ( ½ ) Liter Suppe am Mittag und drei Viertel ( ¾ ) Liter Suppe am Abend. Und wir sind den ganzen Tag gelegen und haben gar nichts gemacht.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4782.99,4808.196"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was war das für eine Suppe?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4808.196,4810.573"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die Mittagssuppe war die Buna Suppe, das war dieses .... warme Wasser mit grünen Blättern. Am Abend haben wir bekommen, die, die Suppe mit ein bisschen Kartoffel oder Rüben oder Kraut in der Suppe. Und wir haben geglaubt ....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4810.573,4831.284"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und wo von haben Sie gegessen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4831.284,4833.58"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das hat man gegessen , damals.... das hat man gegessen von, von einer Schale. Wir haben getrunken die Suppe, wir haben nichts gehabt keinen Löffel zum essen, nicht ein Messer das Bot zu schneiden.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4833.58,4845.926"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4845.926,4846.347"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nur getrunken von der Schale. Und das war am Weihnachtstag und wir haben geglaubt an Weihnachten, Weihnachten werden wir bekommen eine Plus Ration für Weihnachten, das große Fest für die Christen, aber wir haben nichts bekommen – keine Plus Rationen. Ich bin dort gelegen bis am dritten (3.) Jänner. Am ersten (1.) Jänner habe ich gehab meinen Geburtstag. Ich bin zu gegangen zu dem Block Ältesten und ich hab gesagt ihm: ‚Herr Block Ältester, ich hab heute meinen Geburtstag. Ich möchte Ihnen bitten, eben Sie mir heute noch eine, eine Portion Essen.’ Und er hat mir gegeben noch eine Portion. Das haben gesehen die anderen Menschen und sie haben gesagt: ‚Ich hab auch Geburtstag.’ Und am nächsten Tag sind sie auch zu ihm gegangen. Und er hat ja die Kartotheken gehabt von uns. Und er hat gesagt: ‚Gut, Du bekommst Dein Essen, aber wenn das nicht Dein Geburtstag heute, dann wirst Du tot geschlagen.’ Und ich hab gesehen wie eine Deutsche zu schlagen dort einen Kranken.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4846.347,4914.529"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Dort in dem Spital?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4914.529,4915.853"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: In dem Hospital geschlagen, weil er da zugegangen und gesagt hat, er hat einen Geburtstag und er wollte bekommen noch einen Liter zu essen. Und nachdem ich bin ein bisschen besser geworden, aber ich habe noch nicht gekonnt aufstehen auf dem anderen Fuß. Man hat mich rüber getragen in den anderen Saal, wo sind schon gewesen die operierten Kranken, die schon ein bisschen besser gefühlt sich und wir sind dort geblieben bis am zehnten (10.) Jänner. Man hat mich schon gewollt heraus führen von dort, weil es hat schon geheilt meine Wunde, aber ich selbst habe mir ..... habe mir aufgekratzt die Wunde bevor der Visite, dass man soll nicht sehen, dass es heilt die Wunde. Und man hat mich gemessen das Fieber und da habe ich auch das Fieber aufgewärmt das, hm ..... Thermometer ......","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4915.853,4973.022"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wie haben Sie das getan?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4973.022,4974.271"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das hab ich mit der Decke, hm, .... hab ich .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4974.271,4978.165"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Gerieben.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4978.165,4979.347"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: .... hab ich gerieben ja, dass das Thermometer soll herauf gehen, so dass ich soll Fieber haben und ....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4979.347,4984.734"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wo haben Sie das Thermometer gehabt, in dem Mund oder in ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4984.734,4987.713"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, unter dem Arm. Und wenn ist gekommen der Arzt, ... gesehen, er hat gesehen, dass ich auch Fieber habe, dann hat er mich nicht heraus geschickt. Ich hab gesehen, wenn ich geh heraus vom Spital mit den Leinen Anzüge, werde ich .... werde ich erfrieren dort draußen und nachdem, wir haben schon gehört manchmal, man hat schon gesprochen, dass die Russen kommen ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=4987.713,5015.504"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wer hat das gesagt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5015.504,5017.288"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die Block Ältesten. Sie haben schon gepackt dort Sachen. Die Block Ältesten und die Ärzte, die haben schon genäht dort von Kotzen, von Decken hat man schon genäht die Rucksäcke. Für das Spital – man hat schon ausgegeben für das Spital Sachen – so Arznei und Koffer, damit man einpacken kann das ganze Spital. Und so sind wir dort geblieben im Spital und wir haben gehört die Russen kommen. Und an einem Tag ist das Lager schon nicht heraus gegangen, das war am fünf zehnten (15.) Januar. Das Lager ist nicht heraus gegangen und man hat gesagt darum, weil es ist zehn (10) Grad kalt oder fünfzehn (15) Grad kalt und wegen der Kälte zwingt man nicht das Lager zu arbeiten. Aber wir haben schon gewusst, dass die Russen kommen und man wird schon evakuieren das Lager. Und eine Nacht um acht (8) Uhr hat man gestellt alle Menschen auf den Appell Platz und man hat ausgeteilt sechs hundert (600) Gramm Brot und vier (4) Deka Margarine – das ist vierzig (40) Gramm Margarine und zwanzig (20) Gramm, hm, hm, solche ..... Leberwurst und man hat gesagt, dass das Lager wird weiter gehen. Im Spital hat man die Kranken, was haben nicht gekonnt haben gehen, hat man gelassen dort. Das Lager ist weg gegangen an dem Abend um zwölf (12) Uhr und wir sind nur geblieben – die paar hundert, es kann sein vier hundert (400) Menschen von dem ganzen Lager in dem Spital.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5017.288,5123.716"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wieso vier hundert (400) Menschen? Waren so viele krank und in dem Spital?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5123.716,5126.725"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Vier hundert (400) Menschen waren in dem Hospital von zehn tausend (10000). Das Häftlingslager dort in den Buna Werken hat ja gezählt zehn tausend (10000) Menschen. Und von den zehn tausend (10000) Menschen waren vier hundert (400) Menschen, welche haben nicht gekonnt weiter zu gehen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5126.725,5138.731"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Nun?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5138.731,5139.314"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ich war damals schon so weit gesund. Und wir sind dort geblieben – ohne Kleider, ohne gar nichts – nur so nackert.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5139.314,5149.605"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und die Ärzte?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5149.605,5150.748"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die Ärzte sind auch weg gegangen. Nur geblieben im Spital sind die Kranken. Und zwischen den Kranken sind geblieben kranke Ärzte. Und alles weg genommen, alles mit sich genommen. Die Arzneien, die Operationssachen, sie haben alles, alles mit genommen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5150.748,5169.171"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und die .... und die Essen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5169.171,5171.278"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Essen haben wir auch bekommen die Ration, wie die, die weggegangen sind – nicht mehr. Und man hat uns gesagt, wir sollen das einteilen, weil das ist das letzte Essen, was sie uns geben.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5171.278,5182.772"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Haben sie auch gesagt, dass sie sie lassen zu den Russen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5182.772,5185.362"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, sie haben gesagt, wir sollen bleiben und es wird kommen ein SS Kommando, das wir uns schon versorgen. Sie haben gewusst, dass versorgen heißt, man wird uns kaputt machen. Am anderen Tag in der Früh bin ich heraus gegangen, ich hab mich barfuss und mit einer Decke habe ich mich zugedeckt und bin heraus gegangen in den Block zu suchen Kleider. Ich hab gefunden dort weggeworfene, alte Hosen und weggeworfene, hölzerne Schuhe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5185.362,5219.161"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wer hat das weg geworfen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5219.161,5221.087"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die Menschen was haben .... sind weg gegangen. Sie konnten nicht mitnehmen das mit sich, nur einen Anzug. Und ich hab mich angezogen und ich hab mich getraut weiter zu gehen. Ich habe gewusst ,mein Leben ist schon gar nichts und wir werden kaputt sein oder kaputt sein wegzugehen’. Und so ist es gekommen, dass ich bin ... ich hab mich angezogen und angezogen bin ich herein gegangen in das Bekleidungsmagazin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5221.087,5248.98"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Da war keine SS? Keine sind geblieben?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5248.98,5251.057"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, es sind geblieben zehn (10) SS dort in dem ganzen Lager.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5251.057,0.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=0.0,5255.399"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die sind nicht einmal herein gekommen zu uns. Und nachdem bin ich herein gegangen sehen, was in der Küche ist. Wir haben immer gesehen, vielleicht kann man eine, eine Rübe noch dort finden oder etwas. Und man hat alles was die Juden dort gefunden haben ins Spital – welche schon ein bisschen gehen konnten – haben sich zusammen gesammelt auf einem Platz alle Sachen und haben sich angezogen, wer konnte sich anziehen und unter die Betten weg gesteckt die Sachen. Ich habe gefunden dann dort Zivilsachen. Ich hab mich, hm, angezogen zivil und unter der Zivil habe ich gehabt noch den gestreiften Anzug. Und ich bin herein gegangen in eine Werkstatt und habe dort gefunden Zangen. Und wir haben ......","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5255.399,5306.119"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Hat man gearbeitet in der Werkstatt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5306.119,5308.149"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Dort ist gewesen von SS ein, eine Werkstatt, wo man hat repariert die Autos von der SS.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5308.149,5316.162"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Hat man dort gearbeitet?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5316.162,5317.095"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, man hat dort gearbeitet .... damals schon nicht mehr, aber früher....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5317.095,5319.924"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Vorher, nicht wie Sie sind rein gegangen sind.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5319.924,5321.618"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, man hat nicht gearbeitet. Wir haben genommen die Zangen und auch weg gesteckt. Es ist gelegen mit mir in dem Bett ein ungarischer Ingenieur .....Ingenieur. Und wir haben gesagt, wir werden überschneiden die Drahte, weil die Drahte sind ja noch gestanden unter Hochspannung .... Elektro Hochspannung und hm, wir werden das durchschneiden und dort heraus gehen in die Bunker hinein. Wir wollen nicht bleiben in dem Lager. In der Nacht ist gekommen eine sehr große amerikanische, englische Vernichtungsbombadierung. Wir sind gewesen in dem Spital in den hölzernen Baracken und die Bomben sind herunter gefallen ein paar hundert (100) Meter von uns und die ganze Baracke hat gewackelt, gewackelt. Die großen Bomben, die kleinen Bomben und nachdem die Entzündbomben. Und das Lager hat bekommen die letzten Bomben, die sind gefallen auf das Lager. Und das Lager hat bekommen eine Entzündbombe und es ist gewesen Wind und die, die hölzernen Baracken sind gebrannt, gebrannt und es ist schon nicht gewesen Elektrizität in den Drähten und sie Juden sind alle gegangen heraus. Und es ist gekommen die SS und hat geschrieen ‚Keiner soll nicht heraus gehen, wenn er geht, wenn Einer geht heraus, er wird bald tot sein. Jeder soll bleiben.’ Und es ist gekommen die, hm, Feuerwehr von dem Werk heraus und man hat gelöscht das Feuer. Und es ist gewesen ein Wunder .... das Feuer ist gekommen bis zum Spital und das Spital ist nicht abgebrannt. Das ganze Lager ist abgebrannt, nur das Spital nicht. Und dann .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5321.618,5434.938"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Hat das Spital das rote Kreuz auf dem Dach gehabt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5434.938,5437.345"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, nein, nein, nein, nein, nein, das rote Kreuz – es hat nicht gehabt ein rotes Kreuz.. Das Spital hat nicht gehabt ein rotes Kreuz. Und wir haben schon unsere Sachen mit meinen Kameraden heraus genommen und in den Bunker herein und ....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5437.345,5449.532"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was für ein Bunker?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5449.532,5451.122"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Die SS sind gewesen früher in dem Bunker drinnen, hm, bei dem Fliegeralarm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5451.122,5458.175"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Nun?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5458.175,5458.627"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Und wir haben unsere Sachen dort herein genommen, wir haben gesagt, wir werden weiter gehen. Und die Nacht ist herein gekommen die SS und hat gesagt, ob wir nicht ein Wasser haben. Wir haben von der, von der Kantine weg gestohlen ... es waren dort in der Kantine, hm, Sodawasser, solche Mineralwasser in Gläser. Und wir haben gegeben der SS zwei (2) Flaschen Mineralwasser und sie sind weg gegangen. Und nachdem haben wir schon keine SS mehr gesehen. Und wir sind geblieben in dem Bunker ....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5458.627,5489.731"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Warum haben Sie Wasser mitgehabt? Was war mit dem Wasser ... (beide sprechen)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5489.731,5491.796"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Es war schon kein Wasser, es war zerbombt. Es war schon kein Wasser, es war schon kein Strom, es war schon gar nichts ... gar nichts zu essen, gar nichts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5491.796,5501.093"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und die SS war (unverständlich – beide sprechen)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5501.093,5502.748"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, die SS ..... die sind schon, die haben schon gar nichts gesprochen. Sie haben nur gefragt, ob wir haben Wasser und sie haben genommen das Wasser und sind schon weiter gegangen. Sie haben gar nichts gesagt für uns. Und wir sehen auf dem Weg, dass es kommen ein deutsche Wagen (unverständlich – beide sprechen) .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5502.748,5522.15"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wohin sind die SS gekommen für das Wasser? In das Hospital?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5522.15,5524.347"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: In das Spital herein und ....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5524.347,5525.499"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Dann sind sie weg gegangen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5525.499,5526.763"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Dann sind sie weg gegangen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5526.763,5528.418"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und Sie, wo waren Sie?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5528.418,5529.622"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Wir waren im Hospital. Die Sachen, unsere, waren im Bunker drinnen. Und, hm, wir sehen auf der Strasse vor dem Lager, gehen Gruppen von SS Menschen, es geht dort Militär, Panzerwagen, Autos mit großer Schnelle, es gehen dort ... es gehen dort Pollacken, polnische Menschen und diese Reichsdeutschen und Volksdeutsche mit Wagen; und sie fuhren die, die Sachen und .... und sie gehen weiter. Wir sehen, dass es kommt ..... es kommt etwas .... es kommt die Befreiung für uns. Und wir sind weiter gegangen von dem Bunker – herein in das erste Dorf. Wir sind herein gegangen zu einem polnischen Bauern und wir sagen ihm .... wir haben gesagt dem polnischen Bauern er soll uns lassen herein gehen. Er kann ja sehen, die Deutschen laufen ja weg und die Russen kommen. Er hat uns herein genommen in seinem Haus und er hat uns gegeben ein bisschen Essen. Er hat selbst nicht viel gehabt. Und zwei Tage sind wir gewesen da bei dem Bauern versteckt und in der Nacht sind gekommen die Russen. Wie die Russen gekommen sind, sind wir selbst zurück gegangen in das Lager und in dem Lager waren schon die Menschen froh. Aber von die vier hundert (400) Menschen sind geblieben ungefähr zwei hundert (200). Die Anderen sind gestorben vom Hunger, gestorben vom Typhus, der ist dort ausgebrochen worden. Und wir haben gar nicht gehabt schon ausgezogen. Wir haben gehabt einen Bart schon... von, von ungefähr drei, vier (3, 4) Wochen und es ist gewesen dort die Muselmänner, die haben nur Bein und ....nur, hm, nur Fleisch gehabt auf die .... Fleisch, sag ich, ..... gar nichts gehabt auf ...... nur Bein und Bein.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5529.622,5656.965"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Warum haben Sie sie genannt Muselmänner?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5656.965,5658.789"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, Muselmänner ist das so, ich glaub, so abgemagert als der Ghandi, er sieht auch so abgemagert aus und diese Menschen haben auch so abgemagert ausgesehen, nur so Beine und Beine, Sie haben keine .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5658.789,5674.676"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Nur Haut und Knochen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5674.676,5675.639"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Knochen, Knochen, ja. Und die Russen haben fotografiert und die Russen haben gegeben Essen dort. Sie haben gegeben Brot und haben abgeschlachtet eine ganze, hm, hm, .... Kuh und haben das Fleisch gebracht herein und wir haben gekocht .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5675.639,5692.308"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Von wo haben sie die Kuh gehabt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5692.308,5694.294"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Von den Polen. Sie haben von den Polen weg genommen, die Kuh. Und sie haben uns gegeben Konserven und wir haben dort gegessen. Ich hab ja gewusst, man darf nicht viel essen, aber wir haben ja schon, ..... schon lange Zeit nichts gegessen, nur Rüben, nur Kartoffeln und den Schmutz, den wir gefunden haben. Und wir haben gefragt den russischen Offizier, was sollen wir machen. Und er hat gesagt: „Von wo seid ihr?“ Wir haben gesagt: „Wir sind Ungarische.“ Er hat mich gefragt: „Von wo bist Du?“ „Von Ungarn!“ „Du darfst gehen nach Krakau, in Krakau gehen schon die Züge und du kannst gehen nach Hause.“ Das war am fünf und zwanzigsten (25) Januar neunzehn hundert fünf und vierzig (1945). Und wir sind fort gegangen. Wir haben genommen noch zwei (2) Kameraden und mit meinem Kameraden vier (4) zusammen – sind zu Fuß gegangen weiter und, hm, Krakau ist gewesen sechzig Kilometer. Und ich mit meinem Fuß, wo ist noch Eiter gewesen drinnen, wir sind gegangen zu Fuß. Und wir haben immer gebeten von den Russen, dass sie sollen uns geben ein bisschen Essen. Der Eine hat uns gegeben ein Brot, der Andere hat uns gegeben ein Stück Konserven und wir haben gegessen .......","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5694.294,5775.445"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: .... (beide sprechen – unverständlich) ... haben Sie denn nicht gefahren?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5775.445,5777.109"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, fahren haben wir nicht gekonnt. Und wir sind in der Nacht herein gegangen zu einer polnischen Familie, die haben dort gewohnt und wir haben gebeten, dass sie erlauben, dass wir uns niederlegen und wir haben dort geschlafen. Sie haben gegeben ein bisschen warme Suppe für uns und wir sind gegangen. Vor Krakau – zwanzig Kilometer – hm, sind gestanden die russischen Wachen. Sie haben uns genommen zusammen und im Transport geführt nach Krakau. In Krakau sind schon gewesen sehr viele Menschen, hm, so befreite Menschen in einem sogenannten großen Platz, wie heißt das .... wie hat das geheißen ..... eine Kaserne. Und die Russen haben uns gegeben dort Verpflegung, Essen und sie haben uns am zweiten (2.) Tag gefragt ... ,Ihr seid die Juden, Christen, Franzosen, allerlei Nationalitäten’ und sie haben gefragt: ‚Wer will Soldat sein?’ Wer wollte ist da reingegangen in die russische Armee. Ich hab gesehen, dass da es wird nicht gut sein. Es war schon sehr großer Schmutz, es waren schon Läuse dort und ich mit meinen Kameraden sind raus gegangen in die Stadt und gesucht dort einen Roten Kreuz. Wir haben jetzt gefunden dort ein Rotes Kreuz, das internationale Rote Kreuz. Wir sind herein gegangen und ich habe gekonnt französisch und mein Kamerad hat auch gut französisch gesprochen und wir haben mit einer kleinen Lüge gegangen. Wir haben gesagt dem polnischen Arzt, dass er ist ein Arzt und ich bin ein Arzt und wir sind vom Lager gekommen und wir sind abgeschwacht. Und ich hab schon nicht gesagt, hm, ich hab nicht gewollt sagen, dass ich bin ein Jude, weil wenn ich sag, ich bin ein Jude, dann nimmt man mich nicht dort an. Wir sagen .... wir haben gesagt, wir sind Franzosen und wir sind vom Lager gekommen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5777.109,5893.888"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Warum würden sie die Juden nicht annehmen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5893.888,5895.573"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Es war schon damals Antisemitismus da. Und man hat uns nicht .... man hat uns angenommen und rein geführt und ein schönes, weißes, sauberes Bett gegeben und wir sind dort gewesen zwei (2) Wochen und nach zwei Wochen wir haben gearbeitet – wir haben dort die Kranken verpflegt. Und wir sind heraus gegangen in die Stadt und haben gefragt, wie man kann fahren nach Hause. Wir haben ....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5895.573,5919.987"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Nach Ungarn?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5919.987,5920.709"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ungarn, ja. Wir haben gehört, es gibt gar keine Zug. Man kann nicht so fahren, wie wir uns haben das vorbedacht. So wir sind geblieben in Krakau ein ganzes Monat und ..... in dem Spital wir haben es sehr gut gehabt. Wir haben dort bekommen Geld und wir haben dort bekommen ein bisschen Essen, haben wir es gehabt sehr schön, so dass ich hab aufgenommen zehn (10) Kilo. Damals, wie ich bin hingekommen, acht und vierzig Kilo und ich war damals schon fünf und achtzig (85) Kilo, das ist schon sehr schön. Und dann .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5920.709,5961.557"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Nun also, wie sind Sie nach Italien gekommen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5961.557,5965.078"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Also von dort bin ich gegangen nach ..... von Krakau habe ich bekommen die Schriften von der russischen (unverständlich) und bin gegangen nach Tarnow, Shestov, Przemysl .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5965.078,5977.114"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wie sind Sie gereist, mit dem Zug?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5977.114,5979.109"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, mit, hm, mit Wagons sind wir gegangen,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5979.109,5982.127"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Haben Sie nicht gebraucht Billetten?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5982.127,5983.421"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, sie haben gar nichts gefragt ... Billetten man hat gar nichts gefragt. Wir sind gegangen an den Wegen und wir haben gebettelt für ein Essen und wir sind gefahren durch .... ich habe gesagt Tarnow, Shestov, Przemysl und ich wollte durchfahren bei der Grenze durch Russland nach Ungarn. Man hat uns nicht durch gelassen und wir sind zurück gefahren nach Tarnow, Shestov, Przemysl. Und wir sind zurück gefahren nach Tarnow und von Tarnow nach Krosno und (Name der Stadt unverständlich) Slowakei nach Ungarn, nach Miskolc. In Miskolc hat man uns wieder desinfiziert. Und dort sind wir ..... habe ich gesucht ein jüdisches Hilfs-Kommittee. Einen ungarische Polizei habe ich gefragt: ‚Wohnt da ein Jud in Miskolc?’ ‚Ja.’ Dort habe ich bekommen die erste Hilde und bin dann gegangen nach Budapest. In Budapest habe ich noch gesehen die Toten auf der Strasse, damals war Budapest befreit von die Deutschen und die Russen waren da gewesen. Es waren sehr schwere Verhältnisse in Budapest. Es war nicht kein Essen und ich habe keine Verwandten gefunden dort. Und ich bin herein gegangen zum American Joint, das hat schon da angefangen zu arbeiten und hab dort eine Arbeit bekommen. Ich hab dort gearbeitet als, hm, als Sekretariat bei American Joint in Budapest. Und von dort, hm, hat man mich geschickt nach Szombathely – in meine Heimatstadt, die befreit worden ist von die Deutschen. Und in Szombathely habe ich weiter gearbeitet bei dem Joint – es ist gewesen dort ein Punkt von der österreichischen Grenze, wo sind rüber gekommen die Menschen von Österreich nach Ungern, die deportierten Menschen. Wir haben gegeben die erste Hilfe und ich, wer durch gelebt hat diese Erlebnisse, hab mit dem besten Herz das gemacht und ohne Geld und .... und gerne gemacht.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.421,6120.78"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was heißt ohne Geld? Hat der Joint nicht bezahlt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6120.78,6123.317"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Von Joint haben wir nicht bekommen Bezahlung, wir haben dort bekommen nur Essen und Wohnung von Joint und Anzüge von Joint und wir haben das gemacht schon ohne Geld. Ich keine nicht gefunden von meine Verwandten, keiner ist nicht geblieben von alle große Familie, was ich hab gehabt. Es ist mir geblieben ein Cousin was ist in Neu Seeland. Keinen hab ich nicht. Dort in Szombathely, meiner Heimatstadt, habe ich mich verheiratet. Und ich hab gesagt bei Joint, dass ich will weiterfahren, ich will nach Palästina fahren. Und von dort von Ungarn bin ich nach Italien.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6123.317,6165.696"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Warum nach Italien?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6165.696,6167.351"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Weil, hm, von Italien haben wir gewusst ..... von Italien, hm, gehen die Aliyah nach Palästina.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6167.351,6174.392"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Aliyah?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6174.392,6175.175"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Aliyah. Aliyah heißt, hm, heißt abfahren, fort fahren. Das ist ein hebräisches, ein jüdisches Wort.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6175.175,6183.233"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wie haben Sie sich mit dem Kibbuz verbunden?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6183.233,6188.078"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ich war schon lange Zeit in Ungarn vor dem Krieg – als Kind bin ich schon hier gewesen in einer Organisation Hasomer Hacair Zioni, eine jugendliche Organisation, so dass ich war schon drinnen in dieser Organisation Hasomer Hacair Zioni. Ich bin hergekommen, ich wurde empfangen und ich bin herein gegangen in den Kibbuz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6188.078,6213.191"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wo?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6213.191,6214.274"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Erst bin ich gewesen in Maestre, von Maestre nach Rom, von Rom hat man mich geschickt nach Bari. Im Bari Transit Camp hat man mich registriert bei der UJNRRA, von dort geschickt nach Santa Maria Campani. Dort ist gewesen ein UNRRA Camp. Dort habe ich gelebt im Kibbuz bis Juli. Im Juli hat man mich heraus gebracht nach Rom und von Rom bin ich gewesen weiter auf der Hakshara. Und von Rom bin ich ... hat man mich geführt her auf diesen Platz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6214.274,6242.574"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Sagen Sie, sind Sie reingekommen nach Italien legal mit dem Visum, mit dem Pass?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6242.574,6246.516"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, ich bin illegal gekommen nach Italien.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6246.516,6249.284"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wie sind Sie rüber gekommen über die Grenze?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6249.284,6251.902"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Wir sind ... ich weiß nicht, ob ich kann davon sprechen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6251.902,6256.085"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Dann nicht. Aber von Ungarn – ist da eine Grenze nach Italien?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6256.085,6260.667"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, es ist nicht eine Grenze. Wir sind von Ungarn da durch Jugoslawien und dann durch Österreich , ich bin gefahren durch Jugoslawien nach Italien.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6260.667,6271.499"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Aber wenn man einmal in Italien ist, dann schickt man Sie nicht raus.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6271.499,6274.677"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, von Italien schickt man nicht heraus. In Italien registriert die UNRRA. Jetzt schon nicht die UNRRA, jetzt Joint, aber der Kibbuz, die nehmen alle unsere Registration auf von den Menschen und dadurch legalisiert man die Menschen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6274.677,6287.916"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Man legalisiert sie.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6287.916,6288.818"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Man legalisiert sie.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6288.818,6289.39"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und wie viel Menschen sind in Ihrem Kibbuz?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6289.39,6292.489"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Jetzt sind in meinem Kibbuz ... sind da siebzig (70) Menschen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6292.489,6296.582"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja und Ihre Frau ist mit Ihnen im selben Kibbuz?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6296.582,6300.162"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja im selben Kibbuz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6300.162,6301.246"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Haben Sie ein Zimmer für sich und Ihre Frau?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6301.246,6303.171"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Nein, wir sind, hm, in einem ..... wir sind sechs und dreißig Leute in so einem Zimmer jetzt ...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6303.171,6308.618"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Männer und Frauen zusammen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6308.618,6309.671"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: ..... Männer und Frauen zusammen. Alle verheiratet – so, dass wir liegen in einem Bett, zwei zusammen .... (beide sprechen)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6309.671,6316.454"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: ..... zwei (unverständlich)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6316.454,6317.267"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: ... die Frau zusammen mit, hm, ......","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6317.267,6318.711"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: ..... mit dem Mann.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6318.711,6319.223"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: .... mit dem Mann.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6319.223,6319.945"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und da sind andere Frauen und Männer im selben Zimmer?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6319.945,6322.593"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, im selben Zimmer. Zehn (10) Zentimeter weg ist das andere Bett. Das ist so, hm, wie ....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6322.593,6328.22"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wie kann man so leben?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6328.22,6329.724"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Es ist sehr schwer so zu leben, aber wir leben gerne so, weil wir wissen, das es ist vielleicht nicht so lange die Zeit, bis wir werden ein freies Leben haben. Wir werden frei sein in unserem Land, wo wir streben. In Palästina wir werden sein Menschen, wir können arbeiten; wir werden schon nicht essen das Brot was uns UJNRRA und Joint gibt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6329.724,6351.211"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Aber weiß die UNRRA, dass Sie so leben?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6351.211,6354.551"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: UNRRA weiß nicht, weil die UNRRA damals kommt und zeigt uns die andere Seite von dem Leben. Und wenn er es weiß, macht er, als ob er nicht wissen davon oder reden. Wenn er will etwas machen, kann er registrieren die anderen Menschen auch.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6354.551,6373.485"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was heißt „die anderen Menschen“?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6373.485,6374.629"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Was noch nicht registriert sind, die was kommen illegal von ..... jetzt .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6374.629,6378.42"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja, aber da zu leben, so zu leben mit Familien ...... wie da, weiß die UNRRA .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6378.42,6383.084"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Davon weiß die UNRRA; ja, ja, ja, ja, weiß die UNRRA. Da ist gewesen bei uns auch Kontrolle, eine medizinische Kontrolle von Joint und die haben es gesehen genau. Und sie haben ausgemessen das Zimmer als Kubikmeter und sie haben gesagt, man kann wohnen so viele in einem Zimmer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6383.084,6399.39"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Aber ... Frauen und Männer? Sind da Kinder dabei im selben Zimmer?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6399.39,6402.64"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, wir sind zusammen in dem Zimmer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6402.64,6405.739"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Nun und hat niemand verlangt, dass sie bessere Bedingungen zum Leben haben?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6405.739,6410.102"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Das ist nicht da bessere Bedingungen. Wir wissen das und wir wollen jetzt nicht bessere Bedingungen. Wir wollen bessere Bedingungen in Erez haben, in unserem Land. Wir werden da nicht lang sein. Wir werden weiter gehen so bald als möglich und wir hoffen auch, dass wir werden .....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6410.102,6427.504"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Sind schon manche Menschen gegangen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6427.504,6429.946"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Ja, es sind .... meine ... sehr, sehr viele Kameraden sind schon weg gegangen. Mein Schwager, was ist mit mir zusammen gewesen, meine besten Kameraden sind schon ....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6429.946,6438.216"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und haben Sie bekommen die Zertifikate, um zu gehen nach Palästina?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6438.216,6441.466"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Sie haben nicht Zertifikate bekommen, sie sind illegal gegangen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6441.466,6444.686"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und jetzt, wo die Engländer sie nach Zypern nehmen – in Konzentrationslager?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6444.686,6449.531"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Werden wir auch gehen, ist egal ob legal oder illegal. Ja, wir werden gehen illegal, aber wir werden gehen. Und wenn man uns nach Zypern führt, dann werden wir auch gehen, weil wir werden wissen, wenn man uns von Zypern wegführt, wir werden nicht sein (unverständlich – murmelt), es wir nicht lange sein - in Zypern auch nicht.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6449.531,6464.847"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Nun wie kriegt man die Schiffe zu gehen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6464.847,6467.194"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Da wissen wir gar nichts, darüber will ich auch nicht sprechen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6467.194,6469.451"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Oh ja, ich will auch Sie nicht fragen. (unverständlich – Mikrophon scheint nicht richtig zu funktionieren). Und von wo kommen jetzt die neuen Menschen her?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6469.451,6481.397"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Kaldore: Neue Menschen kommen von Polen. In Polen ist der Antisemitismus und sie gehen nach Österreich. Wir lesen ja in den Zeitungen, es wird geschrieben in den jüdischen Zeitungen, dass sie von Polen kommen. Die Tschechoslowakei hat nach Amerika ein Ultimatum gemacht, dass Amerika erlaubt, dass die amerikanische Zone, dass die Juden nach Österreich kommen und von Österreich dann kommen sie her.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6481.397,6504.717"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] This concludes Spool 99 taken at Tradate between Milan and Como on August 31st, 1946. This concludes Kaldore, George Kaldore. Illinois Institute of Technology Wire Recording.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6504.717,6515.748"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["German [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/transcript/7998/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/007/998/original/george-kaldore_de.vtt?1583169694","format":"text/vtt","language":"de"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/007/998/original/george-kaldore_de.vtt?1583169694"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["kaldore_annotations [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tradate\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tradate\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1.0,22.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Milan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Milan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1.0,22.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Como\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Como\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1.0,22.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Szombathely\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Szombathely\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=35.0,57.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=59.0,93.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=59.0,93.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Szombathely\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Szombathely\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=102.0,124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Szombathely\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Szombathely\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=102.0,124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=102.0,124.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Szombathely\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Szombathely\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=126.0,179.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=126.0,179.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=126.0,179.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=179.0,182.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=179.0,182.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=265.0,316.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eZionist: \u003c/b\u003eHaving to do with the international political movement known as Zionism that supports a homeland for the Jewish people in the Land of Israel. The word \"Zionism\" is derived from the word \"Zion\"—one of the names of Jerusalem and the Land of Israel as mentioned in the Bible.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=318.0,396.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAryan: \u003c/b\u003eDerived from a Sanskrit word meaning “noble,” the term was used in Nazi pseudo-scientific jargon to denote a race which had supposedly superior blood and culture. During the Holocaust, “Aryan” came to mean anyone who was not Jewish or Roma (Gypsy).\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=318.0,396.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePesach: \u003c/b\u003eKnown as “Passover” in English, this is a major Jewish spring festival, commemorating the Exodus from Egypt over 3,000 years ago.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=318.0,396.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=318.0,396.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=318.0,396.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=318.0,396.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUNRRA: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Established in 1943, its principal executive post was held by a representative of the United States, which supplied forty percent of its budget. Among its chief duties was the repatriation of displaced persons—when the war ended, UNRRA had to cope with the task of caring for millions of displaced persons and refugees.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=398.0,441.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Jaszbereny\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Jaszbereny\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=398.0,441.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Hatvan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Hatvan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=398.0,441.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=398.0,441.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=398.0,441.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=443.0,519.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=443.0,519.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eghetto: \u003c/b\u003eA Yiddish word referring to a walled section of a city in which Jews were required to live during the Middle Ages. The concept was revived by the Nazi regime as part of the \"Final Solution\" to the \"Jewish Question.\"\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=443.0,519.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eghetto: \u003c/b\u003eA Yiddish word referring to a walled section of a city in which Jews were required to live during the Middle Ages. The concept was revived by the Nazi regime as part of the \"Final Solution\" to the \"Jewish Question.\"\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=443.0,519.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=520.0,697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eprogrom: \u003c/b\u003eA form of riot or mob violence directed against a particular group, whether ethnic, religious, or other, and characterized by the killing and destruction of their homes, businesses, and religious centers. The term was originally used to denote extensive violence against Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=520.0,697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Novi-Sad\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Novi-Sad\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=520.0,697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=520.0,697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=520.0,697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=520.0,697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=520.0,697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=520.0,697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=520.0,697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=520.0,697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=520.0,697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=520.0,697.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=770.0,784.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=790.0,856.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=790.0,856.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Hatvan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=859.0,948.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=859.0,948.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Hatvan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Hatvan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=859.0,948.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Hatvan\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Hatvan\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=859.0,948.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=859.0,948.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=859.0,948.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=859.0,948.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=859.0,948.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=950.0,1009.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/London\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/London\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=950.0,1009.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/London\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/London\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=950.0,1009.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Miskolc\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Miskolc\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=950.0,1009.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Miskolc\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Miskolc\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=950.0,1009.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Miskolc\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Miskolc\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=950.0,1009.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Miskolc\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Miskolc\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=950.0,1009.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Miskolc\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Miskolc\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=950.0,1009.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1010.0,1122.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1010.0,1122.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kosice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kosice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1010.0,1122.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1010.0,1122.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kosice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kosice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1010.0,1122.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kosice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kosice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1010.0,1122.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1010.0,1122.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1010.0,1122.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSS: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1010.0,1122.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003egendarme: \u003c/b\u003ePoliceman.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1010.0,1122.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kosice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kosice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1147.0,1218.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1272.0,1327.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kosice\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Kosice\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1272.0,1327.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1272.0,1327.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Birkenau\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Birkenau\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1272.0,1327.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Birkenau\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Birkenau\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1272.0,1327.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Birkenau\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Birkenau\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1272.0,1327.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1380.0,1454.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Auschwitz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1380.0,1454.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Birkenau\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Birkenau\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1380.0,1454.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Birkenau\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Birkenau\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=1380.0,1454.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecapo: \u003c/b\u003eA term used for certain prisoners inside Nazi concentration camps during World War II in various lower administrative positions. 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These were often convicts.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2157.0,2198.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/867","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eblock: \u003c/b\u003eA single concentration camp barrack.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2157.0,2198.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/868","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. 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(Plural Kibbutzim.)\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2224.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/876","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHachshara: \u003c/b\u003eA training course for would-be immigrants to Palestine, usually conducted in Europe but sometimes upon arrival in Palestine. The course prepared its students for life in a Kibbutz (a communal agricultural settlement) and would have involved forging bonds of group solidarity via instruction in Hebrew and agricultural training.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2224.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/877","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. 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It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2318.0,2371.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/885","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eblock: \u003c/b\u003eA single concentration camp barrack.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=2374.0,2487.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/886","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. 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The origin of the term has not been definitively established, though it has been attributed to a certain similarity to a prostrate Muslim in prayer.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5658.0,5692.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1037","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5694.0,5775.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1038","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5694.0,5775.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1039","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5694.0,5775.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1040","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5777.0,5893.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1041","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5777.0,5893.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1042","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5777.0,5893.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1043","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003elager: \u003c/b\u003eGerman military term for camp or encampment. In the Nazi system these could include transit, labor, concentration, and death camps.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5777.0,5893.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1044","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5920.0,5961.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1045","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5965.0,5977.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1046","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tarnow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tarnow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5965.0,5977.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1047","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Przemysl\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Przemysl\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5965.0,5977.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1048","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tarnow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tarnow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1049","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Przemysl\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Przemysl\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1050","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tarnow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tarnow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1051","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Rzeszow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Rzeszow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1052","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Przemysl\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Przemysl\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1053","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tarnow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tarnow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1054","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tarnow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Tarnow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1055","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krosno\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krosno\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1056","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Miskolc\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Miskolc\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1057","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Miskolc\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Miskolc\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1058","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Miskolc\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Miskolc\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1059","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1060","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1061","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1062","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1063","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAmerican Joint Distribution Committee: \u003c/b\u003eFounded in 1914, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, often referred to as the “Joint,” was a major relief and rehabilitation agency before, during, and after the Holocaust. The JDC’s operations were the main manner in which American Jewry provided aid to its fellow European Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1064","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAmerican Joint Distribution Committee: \u003c/b\u003eFounded in 1914, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, often referred to as the “Joint,” was a major relief and rehabilitation agency before, during, and after the Holocaust. The JDC’s operations were the main manner in which American Jewry provided aid to its fellow European Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1065","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Budapest\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1066","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Szombathely\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Szombathely\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1067","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Szombathely\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Szombathely\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1068","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAmerican Joint Distribution Committee: \u003c/b\u003eFounded in 1914, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, often referred to as the “Joint,” was a major relief and rehabilitation agency before, during, and after the Holocaust. The JDC’s operations were the main manner in which American Jewry provided aid to its fellow European Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=5983.0,6120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1069","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAmerican Joint Distribution Committee: \u003c/b\u003eFounded in 1914, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, often referred to as the “Joint,” was a major relief and rehabilitation agency before, during, and after the Holocaust. The JDC’s operations were the main manner in which American Jewry provided aid to its fellow European Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6120.0,6123.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1070","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAmerican Joint Distribution Committee: \u003c/b\u003eFounded in 1914, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, often referred to as the “Joint,” was a major relief and rehabilitation agency before, during, and after the Holocaust. The JDC’s operations were the main manner in which American Jewry provided aid to its fellow European Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6123.0,6165.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1071","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAmerican Joint Distribution Committee: \u003c/b\u003eFounded in 1914, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, often referred to as the “Joint,” was a major relief and rehabilitation agency before, during, and after the Holocaust. The JDC’s operations were the main manner in which American Jewry provided aid to its fellow European Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6123.0,6165.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1072","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAmerican Joint Distribution Committee: \u003c/b\u003eFounded in 1914, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, often referred to as the “Joint,” was a major relief and rehabilitation agency before, during, and after the Holocaust. The JDC’s operations were the main manner in which American Jewry provided aid to its fellow European Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6123.0,6165.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1073","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Szombathely\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Szombathely\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6123.0,6165.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1074","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAmerican Joint Distribution Committee: \u003c/b\u003eFounded in 1914, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, often referred to as the “Joint,” was a major relief and rehabilitation agency before, during, and after the Holocaust. The JDC’s operations were the main manner in which American Jewry provided aid to its fellow European Jews.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6123.0,6165.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1075","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ekibbutz: \u003c/b\u003eA collective farm or settlement in modern Israel. (Plural Kibbutzim.)\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6183.0,6188.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1076","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eZionist: \u003c/b\u003eHaving to do with the international political movement known as Zionism that supports a homeland for the Jewish people in the Land of Israel. The word \"Zionism\" is derived from the word \"Zion\"—one of the names of Jerusalem and the Land of Israel as mentioned in the Bible.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6188.0,6213.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1077","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ekibbutz: \u003c/b\u003eA collective farm or settlement in modern Israel. (Plural Kibbutzim.)\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6188.0,6213.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1078","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Merano\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Merano\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6214.0,6242.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1079","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Merano\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Merano\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6214.0,6242.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1080","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Rome\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Rome\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6214.0,6242.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1081","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Rome\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Rome\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6214.0,6242.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1082","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bari\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bari\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6214.0,6242.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1083","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bari\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Bari\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6214.0,6242.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1084","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUNRRA: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Established in 1943, its principal executive post was held by a representative of the United States, which supplied forty percent of its budget. Among its chief duties was the repatriation of displaced persons—when the war ended, UNRRA had to cope with the task of caring for millions of displaced persons and refugees.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6214.0,6242.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1085","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUNRRA: \u003c/b\u003eAcronym for the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Established in 1943, its principal executive post was held by a representative of the United States, which supplied forty percent of its budget. Among its chief duties was the repatriation of displaced persons—when the war ended, UNRRA had to cope with the task of caring for millions of displaced persons and refugees.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087#t=6214.0,6242.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17632/file/73087/annotation_set/1465/annotation/1086","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ekibbutz: \u003c/b\u003eA collective farm or settlement in modern Israel. 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