{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/086348gk6v/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["David P. Boder Interviews Maximillian Lipschitz, August 4, 1946, Paris, France"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/039/original/IIT_Logo_stack_186_blk.png?1583422043","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1946-08-04"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":[" German (Primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Wire recording"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":[" lipschitzM_9-21A (Local)"," lipschitzM_9-21A_SLP.mp3 (Digital Object ID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":[" Paris (France) (Place of recording)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":[" Interview with Dr. Maximillian Lipschitz conducted by David P. Boder on August 4, 1946 at the Jewish Committee home for adult Jewish refugees in Paris, France. (Abstract)"," In this short interview, Boder speaks with Dr. Maximilian Lipschitz, a Czech-born Jew who spent most of the war in the Kraków Ghetto, one of the main ghettos created within the General Government area of Nazi-occupied Poland. Lipschitz provides a detailed description of the overcrowded living conditions in the ghetto (15,000 Jews were forced to live in an area in which only 3,000 people had previously lived). As a laborer in German military factories, Lipschitz and much of his family were spared the initial deportations to the Belzec extermination camp, and he claims that he was able to save his sister and children. Unfortunately, the interview ends abruptly before Lipschitz can finish his story, so the rest of his experiences are unknown. (It is unlikely that he stayed in Kraków for much longer—the ghetto was liquidated in March 1943, and all remaining inhabitants were either sent to various concentration camps or killed outright.) This interview was among the many that Boder was unable to transcribe before his death in 1961. The short duration (less than fifteen minutes) and the fact that it was interrupted may have made it less of a priority. (Commentary by Eben E. English) (Commentary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":[" World War, 1939-1945--Refugees (Topical)"," Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Personal narratives (Topical)"," World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, Jewish (Topical)"," Kraków (Poland) (Geographic)"," Czechoslovakia (Geographic)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":[" Lipschitz, Maximillian (Interviewee)"," Boder, David P. (David Pablo), 1886-1961 (Interviewer)"," Meuser, Stefan (Transcriber)"," Meuser, Stefan (Translator)"," English, Eben (Editor)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["oral history"," interview"]}},{"label":{"en":["Inerviewee Nationality"]},"value":{"en":["unknown"]}},{"label":{"en":["Interviewee Gender"]},"value":{"en":["Male"]}}],"summary":{"en":[" Interview with Dr. Maximillian Lipschitz conducted by David P. Boder on August 4, 1946 at the Jewish Committee home for adult Jewish refugees in Paris, France."," In this short interview, Boder speaks with Dr. Maximilian Lipschitz, a Czech-born Jew who spent most of the war in the Kraków Ghetto, one of the main ghettos created within the General Government area of Nazi-occupied Poland. Lipschitz provides a detailed description of the overcrowded living conditions in the ghetto (15,000 Jews were forced to live in an area in which only 3,000 people had previously lived). As a laborer in German military factories, Lipschitz and much of his family were spared the initial deportations to the Belzec extermination camp, and he claims that he was able to save his sister and children. Unfortunately, the interview ends abruptly before Lipschitz can finish his story, so the rest of his experiences are unknown. (It is unlikely that he stayed in Kraków for much longer—the ghetto was liquidated in March 1943, and all remaining inhabitants were either sent to various concentration camps or killed outright.) This interview was among the many that Boder was unable to transcribe before his death in 1961. The short duration (less than fifteen minutes) and the fact that it was interrupted may have made it less of a priority. (Commentary by Eben E. English)"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Illinois Institute of Technology"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Illinois Institute of Technology"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/039/original/IIT_Logo_stack_186_blk.png?1583422043","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/073/099/small/IMGP8810.JPG?1583169757","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - lipschitzM_9-21A_SLP.mp3"]},"duration":848.77856,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/073/099/small/IMGP8810.JPG?1583169757","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iit.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/073/099/original/lipschitzM_9-21A_SLP.mp3?1583169757","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":848.77856,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English translation [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] Chicago, June the 26th, 1950, project MH156. This is reproduction Spool 9-21A, Dr. Maximilian Lipschitz. It is the first half of Spool 21.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=0.0,63.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e August the 4th, Rue de Patin [checks recorder]...August the 4th, Rue, 9 Rue de Patin, in a home for adult deportees. Paris, August 4th, 1946, at Rue Patin, number 9, in a home for adult Jews. We are going to interview Dr. Maximilian Lipschitz, eh, age thirty-five. This is Spool 21.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=63.0,104.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In German] Eh, so tell me again, tell us, what is your full name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=104.0,111.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Dr. Maximilian Lipschitz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=111.0,114.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And, eh, where were you born, Dr. Lipschitz?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=114.0,116.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e In Neuschonstau.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=116.0,118.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where is that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=118.0,119.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e That is in Czechoslovakia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=119.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Eh, and, eh, where, and where did you study?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=120.0,126.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I studied in Prague.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=126.0,128.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And, eh, you received your doctorate in what subject?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=128.0,131.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e In science, and mainly chemistry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=131.0,134.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In science, and mainly chemistry. [pause]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=134.0,142.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So, please speak a little louder, do you want to tell us, where were you when the war began, and what happened then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=142.0,151.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e When the war began I was in Cracow because I had my family there, my child that was six weeks old, and my sister.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=151.0,161.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And your wife?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=161.0,162.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e My wife had died before the war. I had my family there, and for a while lived relatively, eh, undisturbed, until the larger repressions began. It began in December of 1939 with several registrations, and, eh, and then, in December, with the, eh, with the, with the rule to wear a band with the star on the right arm. Then came the various Verbote, to ride the train, the Verbote—the...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=162.0,208.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e With what train, outside of the city or within the city?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=208.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Ride with the, with the, eh, national railroad, with the railroad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=210.0,214.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=214.0,216.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Then came, eh, the bans, to have independent businesses, to be in official, eh, civil servant positions, so that the Jews became more and more oppressed in their, eh, housing and in their living. For a while, Jews were still allowed to live in larger cities, then it became more oppressed, and by 1941 most Jews were mostly crowded into ghettos in most Polish cities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=216.0,249.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, so, tell us only about your city, and where you were, and what happened there. So you were in Cracow?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=249.0,256.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I was in Cracow, in 1942 we were, all Jews who had lived in Cracow and the vicinity of Cracow, were mostly crowded, eh, crowded together in the Cracow ghetto.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=256.0,271.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, eh, now describe the ghetto a little, and how was the ghetto made and so on?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=271.0,278.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e The ghetto was established in Podgórze, eh, a suburb of Cracow, there on a very small, in a very small area approximately 15,000 Jews who had been left in the city were pressed together in very tight living conditions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=278.0,302.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Had Jews lived there before?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=302.0,304.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e There were Jews who had lived there before, but the apartments were vacated by [the people who had lived there] before and emptied for the guests...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=304.0,313.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=313.0,314.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . and the Jews were squeezed together in very tight living quarters, so that three to four people lived in one room.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=314.0,322.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Well?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=322.0,323.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e And more. I, for instance, lived in a pretty large room, and there we were 12 people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=323.0,332.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=332.0,333.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e However, there lived, there lived three children...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=333.0,333.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e All men?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=333.0,335.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e No, families, strangers, and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=335.0,337.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Men and women among them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=337.0,338.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Men and women and children in one...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=338.0,340.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In one room...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=340.0,340.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . in one room.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=340.0,341.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Now, what did one live on?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=341.0,344.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e You could only live from the work that the Germans offered, that was mainly, eh, in factories, as workers, mainly in military factories, ammunition factories, in military workshops, and...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=344.0,357.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e And did they pay for the work?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=357.0,359.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e They paid for the work, but so little that one could hardly make ends meet, and mainly people could only live by selling items they still had, bed linens or pots, living off the sale of those goods.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=359.0,374.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Who did one sell that to?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=374.0,376.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e That was sold to Poles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=376.0,377.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e That was sold to Poles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=377.0,379.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=379.0,379.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Eh, was there a special currency, was there ghetto money there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=379.0,383.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e In Cracow there was no special money.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=383.0,385.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=385.0,386.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e That was in Lodz, that was...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=386.0,387.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e In Lodz there was ghetto money...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=387.0,388.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, that was Lodz, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=388.0,389.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now, so you lived with twelve people in one room. Who was with you of your relatives?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=389.0,396.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I was with my sister and brother-in-law, my child, two of my sister’s children...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=396.0,403.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=403.0,403.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Then there was also, eh, a cousin of mine with wife and child...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=403.0,412.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, and?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=412.0,412.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e An uncle and an aunt...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=412.0,414.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. And were there also strangers...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=414.0,416.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e And there were strangers with their families, unknown, unknown people also there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=416.0,419.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So, how did you sleep?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=419.0,423.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e One, eh, there were either beds there, and if there was not enough space we were, eh, we had to sleep on the floor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=423.0,429.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now, go on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=429.0,430.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I worked in a factory, in a foundry, had to, because I was away, that, eh, was far outside of the city, I worked in a Zinc foundry [unintelligible], and earned about eighty to ninety zloty per week, that was hardly enough to buy bread for two, for two to three days.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=430.0,455.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So, go on. Yes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=455.0,460.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e In these bad times we held out until May of 1942. In May of 1942 the first incidents happened that we had not expected at all. Those were the evacuations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=460.0,481.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Now, describe in detail the procedure of the evacuations there. Hm?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=481.0,486.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e There were, the ghetto was cordoned off, all around was SS Waffen who let no one in or out of the ghetto. All people were registered, and those who had a certificate that they worked in a military factory, got a certificate that they could stay, all others were rounded up in a square, and were deported.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=486.0,522.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you get the certification?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=522.0,524.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I obtained the certification back then because I was working in the foundry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=524.0,528.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=528.0,528.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e But there were many people who also worked for Germans, in workshops, and who came through the different, eh, commotions to the collection square, and were taken away, too. Until...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=528.0,543.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So, now comes your family, eh, did your family stay together with you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=543.0,550.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I managed back then to get the certification for my sister and for, for my child, for the sister of the children [he means “for the children of the sister”]—that was the first time, otherwise the family members of the workers were considered, and, eh, they were left there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=550.0,564.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=564.0,566.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Back then approximately...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=566.0,568.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Where were the people led to?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=568.0,569.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e . . . 5,000 to 10,000 thousand people were taken away...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=569.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. To where?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=570.0,571.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e According to our later investigations we were told that they were brought to Belzec where there was an annihilation facility. We in the ghetto did not know about the fate of these people for approximately three or four months. And, eh, still one and two years later some rumours circulated that were probably started by the Germans, that those people were brought to the [unintelligible] and worked in a camp there, but that was not true. Because we learned later, two, three, four years later, that the people, all as they were, were led to the annihilation facilities, and were burnt or gassed there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=571.0,618.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, what did the—you say, burnt, did one not only, eh, burn the dead?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=618.0,624.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, that, eh—I have, later in the camp and also after the liberation, I met people who had worked in these camps themselves. The scenes that were told to me were not even—are not to be rendered, [it is] hardly imaginable that a human brain could think—think up such plans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=624.0,649.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e So?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=649.0,650.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e In parts, people were packed into a tight room, the people were already half dead from the [endurance of the] transport, they were crowded together, and the gas, the gas containers were opened. When there were not enough gas containers, the people were barely suffocated but only half dead, and, as they were, they were brought to the fire room, and burnt there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=650.0,683.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you call a fire room?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=683.0,685.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Well—crematorium.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=685.0,687.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Now, let us come back, you stayed in Cracow back then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=687.0,692.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e I stayed back in Cracow. After this, after the first evacuation in May the ghetto was downsized, because there were fewer Jews. The conditions worsened. Then, in October of 1942, came the second evacuation. There, family members were not considered anymore. At that time, I lost most of my family. Just by happenstance I was able to save my sister and the children...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=692.0,727.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Whom from your family did you lose?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=727.0,730.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Back then, that is, with the first evacuation, I lost [an] uncle, an aunt, a cousin, a young person with his wife and a fourteen-year-old girl. All blossoming human beings who could have lived a long life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=730.0,747.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, well?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=747.0,748.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMaximillian Lipschitz:\u003c/strong\u003e Of course, I was not the only one, there were, when you walked through the town, through the streets of the ghetto after the evacuation, you would only hear the weeping and...[pause]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=748.0,763.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e [In English] This interview was discontinued because Dr. Lipschitz had to go on an important appointment of which he either had forgotten or didn’t know before. We are now introducing another interview, at, eh, about the, eh, fourteenth minute of the spool.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=763.0,794.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Boder:\u003c/strong\u003e Chicago, June 26th, 1950. This concludes the section of Dr. Lipschitz. We have separated this from Spool 21, that has now the interview with Mr. Lea, and this will be Spool 9-21A, while the interview with Mr. Lea will be Spool 9-21B. Illinois Institute of Technology wire recording, project MH156. That’s all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=794.0,848.77856"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8020/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/008/020/original/dr-maximillian-lipschitz_en.txt?1725983650","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/008/020/original/dr-maximillian-lipschitz_en.txt?1725983650"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["German transcript [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] Chicago, June the 26th, 1950, project MH156. This is reproduction Spool 9-21A, Dr. Maximilian Lipschitz. It is the first half of Spool 21.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=0.753,63.972"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: August the 4th, Rue de Patin [checks recorder]...August the 4th, Rue, 9 Rue de Patin, in a home for adult deportees. Paris, August 4th, 1946, at Rue Patin, number 9, in a home for adult Jews. We are going to interview Dr. Maximilian Lipschitz, eh, age thirty-five. This is Spool 21.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=63.972,104.402"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In German] Eh, also, sagen Sie mir, wieder, sagen Sie uns, was ist Ihr voller Name?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=104.402,111.372"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Dr. Maximilian Lipschitz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=111.372,114.155"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und, eh, wo sind Sie geboren, Dr. Lipschitz?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=114.155,116.806"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: In Neuschonstau.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=116.806,118.173"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wo ist das?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=118.173,119.017"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Das ist in der Tschechoslowakei.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=119.017,120.897"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja. Eh, und, eh, wo, hm, und wo haben Sie studiert?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=120.897,126.602"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Ich habe in Prag studiert.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=126.602,128.331"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und, eh, Ihren Doktor haben Sie in welchem Fach?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=128.331,131.506"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: In Naturwissenschaften, und hauptsächlich Chemie.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=131.506,134.47"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: In Naturwissenschaften, hauptsächlich Chemie. [inaudible, pause]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=134.47,142.012"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Also, sprechen Sie ein bissel lauter, und wollen Sie uns sagen, wo waren Sie, wenn der Krieg angefangen hat und was hat dann passiert?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=142.012,151.078"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Als der Krieg anfing, war ich in Krakau, weil ich da meine Familie hatte, mein Kind, das sechs Wochen alt war, und meine Schwester.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=151.078,161.332"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und Ihre Frau?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=161.332,162.428"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Meine Frau war schon vor dem Krieg gestorben. Ich hatte dort meine Familie und lebte eine Zeit, eh, verhältnismäßig, eh, ungestört, bis die größeren, eh, Verfolgungen anfingen. Im Dezember 1939 fing es an mit verschiedenen Registrierungen, und eh, auch eh, und dann, im Dezember, mit den, eh, mit den, mit der Vorschrift, eh, einen, ein Band mit dem Judenstern am rechten Arm zu tragen. Dann kamen die verschiedenen Verbote, mit der Bahn zu fahren, die Verbote—diese...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=162.428,208.151"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Mit welcher Bahn, außer der Stadt oder in der Stadt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=208.151,210.603"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Mit der, mit der, eh, Staatsbahn zu fahren, mit der Eisenbahn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=210.603,214.561"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=214.561,216.23"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Dann kamen, eh, die Verbote, selbständig Geschäfte zu führen, auf, eh, Beamtenstellen zu sein, so dass die Juden immer gedrückter und gedrückter in ihren, eh, Wohnverhältnissen und in ihren Lebensverhältnissen wurden. Eine Zeit durften Juden noch in den größeren Städten wohnen, dann wurde es immer gedrückter, und bis 1941 waren die Juden hauptsächlich in meister Städten Polens in Ghettos zusammengepfercht.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=216.23,249.642"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja, also, erzählen Sie bloß von Ihrer Stadt, und wo Sie waren und was dort passiert hat.—Sie waren also in Krakau?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=249.642,256.943"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Ich war in Krakau, im Jahre 1942 waren wir schon, alle Juden, die in, eh, Krakau, in Krakau Umgebung wohnten, hauptsächlich im Krakauer Ghetto, eh, zusammen ge-, zusammen gedrückt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=256.943,271.973"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja, eh, nun beschreiben Sie etwas das Ghetto und wie hat man das Ghetto gemacht und weiter?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=271.973,278.332"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Das Ghetto wurde in ein, in Podgórze errichtet, das eh, eine Vorstadt von Krakau, dort wurden auf einem ganz kleinen, eh, auf einer, auf einem ganz kleiner Raum die cirka 15.000 Juden, die in der Stadt gelassen wurden, in sehr engen Wohnverhältnissen zusammen gedrückt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=278.332,302.109"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Haben dort Juden bevor gewohnt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=302.109,304.903"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Es haben auch Juden vorher dort gewohnt, aber die Wohnungen wurden von den Gästen die dort vorher wohnten eh, ausgeräumt,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=304.903,313.638"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=313.638,314.331"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: . . . und die Juden wurden in ganz engen Wohnverhältnissen zusammen gerückt—so dass in einem Zimmer cirka drei, vier Menschen wohnten.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=314.331,322.705"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Nun?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=322.705,323.621"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Und auch mehr. Ich wohnte zum Beispiel in einem ziemlich großen Zimmer, da wohnten wir 12 Personen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=323.621,332.85"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=332.85,333.495"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Da wohnte allerdings, da wohnte drei Kinder...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=333.495,333.929"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Alle Männer?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=333.929,335.296"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Nein, Familien, Fremde und so weiter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=335.296,337.586"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Männer und Frauen darunter?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=337.586,338.803"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Männer und Frauen und Kinder in einem...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=338.803,340.11"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: In einem Zimmer...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=340.11,340.923"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: . . . in einem Zimmer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=340.923,341.707"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja. Nun, wovon hat man gelebt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=341.707,344.641"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Leben durfte man nur von der Arbeit, die einem die Deutschen anbieteten, das war hauptsächlich, eh, in Fabriken als Arbeiter, hauptsächlich in Rüstungsfabriken, in Militärwerkstätten, und...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=344.641,357.304"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Und haben die für die Arbeit bezahlt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=357.304,359.997"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Die haben für die Arbeit so bezahlt, aber so, dass man nur da förmlich davon leben konnte, und hauptsächlich leben konnte man nur davon, dass man Sachen, die man noch hatte, irgendwie, Bettzeug oder Töpfe, verkaufen ging und von dem Erlös der Waren lebte.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=359.997,374.346"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Zu wem hat man das verkauft?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=374.346,376.214"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Das hat man an Polen verkauft.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=376.214,377.581"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Das hat man an die Polen verkauft.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=377.581,379.148"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Ja.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=379.148,379.371"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Eh, war es für die Juden spezielles Geld, war es Ghettogeld dort?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=379.371,383.419"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: In Krakau war kein spezielles Geld.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=383.419,385.648"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=385.648,386.16"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Das war in Lodz, ne, das waren...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=386.16,387.907"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: In Lodz war es Ghettogeld...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=387.907,388.931"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Ja, das war Lodz, ja.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=388.931,389.534"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Nun, also, so haben Sie mit zwölf Leuten in einem Zimmer gewohnt. Wer war mit Ihnen von Ihren Verwandten?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=389.534,396.203"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Ich war noch mit meiner Schwester, und Schwager, ein Kind von mir, zwei Kinder von meiner Schwester...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=396.203,403.323"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=403.323,403.986"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Dann war noch, eh, eine, ein Cousin von mir mit Frau und Kind...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=403.986,412.058"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja, und?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=412.058,412.48"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Ein Onkel und eine Tante...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=412.48,414.528"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja. Und warn auch noch mit Fremde mit...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=414.528,416.576"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Und warn auch Fremde mit Familie, fremde, fremde Menschen noch dabei.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=416.576,419.98"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Also, wie hat man geschlafen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=419.98,423.031"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Man, eh, es warn entweder Betten da, und wenn kein Platz war, warn wir auch, eh, haben wir auf der Erde schlafen müssen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=423.031,429.688"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Nun, also weiter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=429.688,430.784"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Ich habe in einer Fabrik gearbeitet, in einer Gießerei, musste schon, falls ich weg war, das, eh, sehr weit von der Stadt draußen war, ich habe Gieß-, an einer Zinkgieß-, an einer Zink, einer —-gießerei [unverständlich] gearbeitet, und habe cirka 80 / 90 Zloty die Woche verdient, das reichte kaum, um, um das Brot für die zwei, die zwei, drei Tage zu kaufen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=430.784,455.09"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Also, gehen Sie weiter. Ja?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=455.09,460.313"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: In diesen schlechten Zeiten hielten wir aus bis Mai 1942. Im Mai 1942 kamen die ersten Vorgänge, die wir überhaupt nicht erwartet haben. Das warn die Aussiedlungen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=460.313,481.289"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Nun, beschreiben Sie in Einzelheiten die Prozedur der Aussiedlungen dort. Hm?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=481.289,486.783"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Es wurden, es wurde das Ghetto gesperrt, ringsherum waren, eh, SS Waffen, die keinen Menschen ins Ghetto herein und auch keinen heraus ließen. Es wurden alle Menschen registriert, wer eine Bestätigung hatte, ein— in einem Rüstungsbetrieb arbeitete, wurde, bekam einen, eine Bestätigung, dass er bleiben darf, die andern wurden auf einem Platz versammelt, wurden weg geführt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=486.783,522.921"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Haben Sie die Bescheinigung bekommen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=522.921,524.518"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Ich hatte damals die Bescheinigung bekommen, weil ich in der Gießerei arbeitete.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=524.518,528.054"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=528.054,528.928"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Es waren aber viele Leute, die auch bei Deutschen arbeiteten, in Werkstätten, und die durch diese verschiedenen, eh, Wirrwarr in der Stadt so auch, eh, auch auf den Sammelplatz kamen und auch weg geführt wurden. Bis...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=528.928,543.609"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Also, jetzt kommt Ihre Familie, eh, ist ihre Familie mit Ihnen zusammen geblieben?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=543.609,550.458"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Es ist mir damals gelungen, für, eh, meine Schwester und für, für mein Kind und für die Schwester der Kinder die Bestätigung zu bekommen, das war das erste Mal, sonst wurden noch die Familienmitglieder der Arbeiter berücksichtigt, und, eh, wurden noch da gelassen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=550.458,564.914"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=564.914,566.342"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Damals wurden cirka—","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=566.342,568.222"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wohin wurden die Leute weg geführt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=568.222,569.349"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: . . . fünf- bis zehntausend Menschen weg geführt...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=569.349,570.837"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja. Wohin?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=570.837,571.964"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Nach unseren späteren Erkundigungen wurde uns gesagt, dass sie nach Belzec geführt wurden, wo eine Vernichtungsfabrik war. Wir selbst im Ghetto wussten cirka drei bis vier Monate überhaupt nichts von dem Los dieser Menschen. Und, eh, noch eins und zwei Jahre nachher kamen verschiedene Gerüchte zu uns, die wahrscheinlich von den Deutschen aufgebracht waren, dass die Menschen nach dem Trainer [unverständlich] geführt wurden und dort arbeiteten im Lager, das war aber nicht wahr. Denn wir haben später [geräusch], zwei, drei, vier Jahre später erfahren, dass die Menschen, alle wie sie waren, in die Vernichtungsfabriken geführt wurden, und, eh, dort verbrannt oder vergast wurden.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=571.964,618.327"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja, was hat das, Sie sagen, verbrannt, hat man nicht, eh, bloß die Toten verbrannt?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=618.327,624.94"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Ja, das, eh—ich habe auch später im Lager und nach der Befreiung Menschen getroffen, die in diesen Lagern selbst gearbeitet haben. Die Szenen, die mir geschildert wurden, waren gar nicht, sind gar nicht wieder zu geben, kaum glaublich, dass ein Mensch, ein Menschengehirn sich solche Plan erdacht- erdenken konnte.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=624.94,649.639"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Also?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=649.639,650.54"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Es wurden Menschen zum Teil in den, ne, in einen Raum, in einen dichten Raum gepackt, die Menschen waren vom Transport schon halbtot, sie wurden zusammen gepresst, und die Gas-, eh, Gas-, eh -gefäße wurden geöffnet. Wenn nicht genug Gasgefäße waren, waren die Menschen kaum, eh, vom Gas, eh, erstickt, sondern nur halbtot, und wie sie waren, wurden sie in den Feuerraum gebracht und dort verbrannt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=650.54,683.424"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Was nennen Sie einen Feuerraum?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=683.424,685.966"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Nun—Krematorium.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=685.966,687.322"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja. Nun, also, wollen wir zurück kommen, Sie sind damals dann in Krakau geblieben?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=687.322,692.515"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Ich bin damals in Krakau geblieben. Nach dieser, nach der ersten Aussiedlung im Mai wurde das Ghetto verkleinert, weil dort weniger Juden waren. Die Verhältnisse wurden noch schlechter. Dann kam im—Oktober 1942, kam die zweite Aussiedlung. Da wurden schon Familienmitglieder nicht mehr berücksichtigt. Damals verlor ich den größten Teil meiner Familie. Es gelang mir nur zufällig, meine Schwester und die Kinder zu retten...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=692.515,727.884"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Wer kamen von Ihrer Familie verloren?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=727.884,730.083"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Damals, also bei der ersten Aussiedlung verlor ich Onkel, eine Tante, ein Cousin, einen jungen Menschen mit seiner Frau und einem 14-jährigen Mädchen. Alles blühende Menschen, die noch lange hätten leben können.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=730.083,747.858"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Ja, nun.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=747.858,748.431"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maximillian Lipschitz: Ich war natürlich nicht die Einzigen, es warn, wenn man nach der Aussiedlung durch die Stadt, die Straßen des Ghettos ging, da hörte man nur das Weinen und...[pause]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=748.431,763.292"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: [In English] This interview was discontinued because Dr. Lipschitz had to go on an important appointment of which he either had forgotten or didn’t know before. We are now introducing another interview, at, eh, about the, eh, fourteenth minute of the spool.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=763.292,794.21"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David Boder: Chicago, June 26th, 1950. This concludes the section of Dr. Lipschitz. We have separated this from Spool 21, that has now the interview with Mr. Lea, and this will be Spool 9-21A, while the interview with Mr. Lea will be Spool 9-21B. Illinois Institute of Technology wire recording, project MH156. That’s all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=794.21,848.77"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["German [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/transcript/8019/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/008/019/original/dr-maximillian-lipschitz_de.vtt?1583169759","format":"text/vtt","language":"de"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/008/019/original/dr-maximillian-lipschitz_de.vtt?1583169759"}]},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["lipschitz_annotations_EN [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Chicago\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Chicago\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=0.0,63.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/jewishcommitteehome\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/jewishcommitteehome\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=63.0,104.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=63.0,104.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Neuschonstau\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Neuschonstau\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=116.0,118.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Prague\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Prague\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=126.0,128.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=151.0,161.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eghetto: \u003c/b\u003eA Yiddish word referring to a walled section of a city in which Jews were required to live during the Middle Ages. The concept was revived by the Nazi regime as part of the \"Final Solution\" to the \"Jewish Question.\" \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=216.0,249.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=249.0,256.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=256.0,271.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=256.0,271.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=256.0,271.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=256.0,271.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=271.0,278.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=271.0,278.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=278.0,302.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Podgorze\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Podgorze\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=278.0,302.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=278.0,302.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eghetto: \u003c/b\u003eA Yiddish word referring to a walled section of a city in which Jews were required to live during the Middle Ages. The concept was revived by the Nazi regime as part of the \"Final Solution\" to the \"Jewish Question.\" \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=379.0,383.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=383.0,385.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Lodz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Lodz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=386.0,387.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Lodz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Lodz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=387.0,388.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eghetto: \u003c/b\u003eA Yiddish word referring to a walled section of a city in which Jews were required to live during the Middle Ages. The concept was revived by the Nazi regime as part of the \"Final Solution\" to the \"Jewish Question.\" \u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=387.0,388.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Lodz\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Lodz\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=388.0,389.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSS: \u003c/strong\u003eAcronym for the German Schutzstaffel (“Protective Echelon”), a major Nazi organization. It grew from a small paramilitary unit to a powerful force that served as Hitler's \"Praetorian Guard,\" the Nazi Party's \"Shield Squadron\" and a force that, fielding almost a million men (both on the front lines and as political police), managed to exert as much political influence as the German Army. Built upon the Nazi racial ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many (and most of the worst) of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=486.0,522.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=486.0,522.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=486.0,522.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Belzec\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/camp/Belzec\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=571.0,618.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=571.0,618.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=687.0,692.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=692.0,727.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=692.0,727.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/ghetto/Krakow\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=748.0,763.0"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eFor more information and related content, see \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Chicago\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/location/Chicago\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=794.0,848.77856"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSee \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/interview/leaD\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/interview/leaD\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=794.0,848.77856"},{"id":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099/annotation_set/1495/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cp\u003eSee \u003ca href=\"https://voices.library.iit.edu/interview/leaD\"\u003ehttps://voices.library.iit.edu/interview/leaD\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iit.aviaryplatform.com/collections/231/collection_resources/17644/file/73099#t=794.0,848.77856"}]}]}]}